CN101473740A - High yield cultivation method of peanut - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield peanut cultivation method, and is invented for solving the problems of low peanut yield and the like of the prior art. The method at least comprises the flowing steps: (1) returning straws to soil; (2) applying 1500-3000kg of an organic fertilizer per mou; (3) seeding: selecting and drying seeds and coating the seeds with a seed coating agent 5 days before seeding, and seeding when the soil temperature at 15cm below the ground surface is stabilized at 15 DEG C; (4) applying the fertilizer again, spreading the soil 5 days before seeding and applying 50kg of a gas fertilizer while spreading the soil; and applying 70kg of a special fertilizer for peanut per mou while plowing; and (5) chemically controlling: spraying Jindele once 10 days after flowering and spraying again in a month. The steps are employed to cultivate the peanut, which can increase the soil air permeability, cause the soil to have comprehensive and rich nutrient, in addition, artificial fertilizer supplementation and proper chemical control can fully meet the requirements of the peanut for nutrients and maximize the fertilizer effects, thus greatly improving the yield and the quality of the peanut, and producing more than 450-600kg of peanut per mou.

Description

High yield cultivation method of peanut

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of high yield cultivation method of peanut.

Background technology

Peanut is the important economic crops of China, and peanut is rich in fat and protein, and both edibles again can be feeding; Being the important raw material of industry, is again large exporting.Of many uses, higher status is arranged in national economy.

Peanut is a kind of special crops, and its fruit length but needs a lot of oxygen underground, and this just requires, and the soil is porous, the soil growing environment of good air permeability., people are in order to increase output now, and a large amount of chemical fertilizer that use are robbed through madness for many years in planting process, and the humus in the soil has not almost had, and causes soil seriously to harden, and gas permeability is very poor.Add autumn late summer at the beginning, rainwater is bigger, and the crackle and the slit on original native top layer are all shut, and almost not having gas can be saturating.At this moment the required oxygen of peanut growth is unable to supply, thereby causes a large amount of underproduction of peanut, and per mu yield is at 400-500 jin usually.

Summary of the invention

For overcoming above-mentioned defective, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of peanut growing environment of changing the original sentence to, improve the high yield cultivation method of peanut of peanut yield.

For achieving the above object, high yield cultivation method of peanut of the present invention comprises the steps: at least

(1) straw-returning after the preceding crop harvesting in autumn, will be gone back the field after the crushed stalk;

(2) fertilising; With autumn every mu of organic fertilizer 1500-3000 kilogram wholely;

(3) sowing; 5 days prior to seeding, bask seeds after the seed selection, with kind of a clothing agent bag kind, sowing when 15 centimetres of ground temperature are stabilized in 15 ℃ below the face of land; Every mu of 8000-10000 cave, 2 of every bunch plantings;

(4) fertilising once more, fertile 100 jin of gas is executed for every mu when spreading and sinking in ground in the ground of spreading and sinking in 5 days prior to seeding; When turning over, execute 140 jin every mu of fertilizer specially for peanut again;

(5) chemical control; Spend back 10 days metal sprayings must find pleasure in once in Sheng; Spray once again after January.

In the above-mentioned steps of the present invention, straw-returning can be given living environment, the increase gas permeability of soil of peanut Creating Comfort; Execute a large amount of fertilizers and make the soil nutrient comprehensive and abundant, add artificial benefit chemical fertilizer and in good time chemical control, can fully satisfy peanut, bring into play fertilizer effect to greatest extent nutrient demand, thereby significantly improve peanut yield and quality, but make more than every mu of yield peanut 900-1200 jin.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described.

Peanut cultivation high-yield method of the present invention comprises the steps: at least

(1) straw-returning after the preceding crop harvesting in autumn, will be gone back the field after the crushed stalk; Behind the straw-returning by fermentation, decomposition, decomposition and inversion be soil important composition composition-organic matter, can increase soil fertility.Living environment, the increase gas permeability of soil of peanut Creating Comfort can be given, and sick, insect pest can be reduced;

(2) fertilising; With autumn every mu of organic fertilizer 1500-3000 kilogram wholely; Fertilising should be with fertilizer (also claiming farmyard manure, based on the people, animal liquid dung) among the present invention, and inorganic fertilizer is auxilliary.The fertilizer nutrient is complete, can increase soil aggregate, improves soil physico-chemical property, and is of value to the rhizobium activity, increases sources of nitrogen.

(3) sowing; 5 days prior to seeding, bask seeds after the seed selection, help preventing the generation of root rot; With kind of a clothing agent bag kind, can directly kill seed institute disease carrying germ, prevent the carry disease germs harm of propagation and soil insect, seedling stage insect of soil, simultaneously growing of crop also there is facilitation; (area, Baoding, Hebei province is greatly before and after the May 1 in every year) sowing when 15 centimetres of ground temperature are stabilized in 15 ℃ below the face of land; Every mu of 8000-10000 cave, 2 of every bunch plantings;

(4) fertilising once more, 100 jin of gas fertilizer (carbonic hydroammonium) are executed for every mu when swimming ground in the ground of spreading and sinking in 5 days prior to seeding; When turning over, execute 140 jin every mu of fertilizer specially for peanut again.Fertilizer and chemical fertilizer compounding application can improve the available nutrient of peanut field soil, and make it form the soil structures that upward Panasonic is real, air water is coordinated, the loss of minimizing inorganic fertilizer and fixing.The rational application of fertilizer meets the peanut nutrient uptake feature, can improve peanut yield and improve quality.

(5) chemical control; Spend back 10 days metal sprayings must find pleasure in once in the peanut Sheng; Spray once again after January.Can control the prosperous length of peanut like this, reduce plant height, increase thick stem branch, improve plant type, impel floricome to bury and bear pods, prevent lodging; And can strengthen nodule nitrogen fixation ability and root system vigor, and improve chlorophyll content, blade thickness, the leaf look dark green, strengthens photosynthesis, not early ageing of peanut, not dead seedling, not shedding, the stalk maturation of living; Thereby increase the total branch amount and the fruit branch number of peanut, Hua Duoguo is many, promotes that pod growth, fruit expand, beans is full, improves single plant yield.

Embodiment

2008, on same plot, this village (the virtuous residence south of a town, Dingxing County, Baoding good fortune village), carry out the contrast experiment: two groups in east, branch ridge and west, ridge, wherein east, ridge group adopts the method for the invention described above to carry out peanut cultivation, and west, ridge group adopts usual method to cultivate: do not return crop stocks to the field; When cultivating peanut, leak fertile 100 jin with spreading and sinking in, use 100 jin of fertilizer specially for peanut during kind.

Contrast in the end of the year:

East, ridge group: soil property is soft, good air permeability, and average every peanut more than 25 to 30, kernel is full, and color and luster turns white, and per mu yield reaches 960 jin.

West, ridge group: soil compaction is serious, and gas permeability is poor, and black fruit rate is higher, about 15 to 20 of average every knot peanuts, and stature is less than normal, and color and luster is yellow partially, only 400 jin of per mu yields.

To sum up, peanut cultivation of the present invention is based on fertilizer, and inorganic fertilizer is auxilliary.The fertilizer nutrient is complete, can increase soil aggregate, improves soil physico-chemical property, and is of value to the rhizobium activity, increases sources of nitrogen.Organic and chemical fertilizer compounding application can reduce the loss of inorganic fertilizer and fix.Add in good time chemical control, can fully satisfy peanut, bring into play fertilizer effect to greatest extent, thereby significantly improve peanut yield and quality, but make more than every mu of yield peanut 900-1200 jin nutrient demand.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of high yield cultivation method of peanut is characterized in that, comprises the steps: at least

(1) straw-returning after the preceding crop harvesting in autumn, will be gone back the field after the crushed stalk;

(2) fertilising; With autumn every mu of organic fertilizer 1500-3000 kilogram wholely;

(3) sowing; 5 days prior to seeding, bask seeds after the seed selection, with kind of a clothing agent bag kind, sowing when 15 centimetres of ground temperature are stabilized in 15 ℃ below the face of land; Every mu of 8000-10000 cave, 2 of every bunch plantings;

(4) fertilising once more, fertile 100 jin of gas is executed for every mu when spreading and sinking in ground in the ground of spreading and sinking in 5 days prior to seeding; When turning over, execute 140 jin every mu of fertilizer specially for peanut again;

(5) chemical control; Spend back 10 days metal sprayings must find pleasure in once in Sheng; Spray once again after January.