CN105248097A - Method for cultivating peppers harvested in early spring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly discloses a method for cultivating peppers harvested in early spring. The method comprises the following steps: A, variety selection; B, seedling bed preparation; C, seed sowing and seedling cultivation; D, seedling period management; E, field preparation; F, transplanting; G, field management; H, harvesting: when the main bodies of the peppers are grown to 15-20 cm or longer after early April, the peppers can be harvested and sold, and the main bodies of the peppers are prevented from being broken during harvesting, bagging and transportation. The method has the advantages that pepper seeds are sowed in late October, and pepper products can be marketed in early and mid April in the next year, that is, the peppers are relatively resistant to cold and high in growth potential during cultivation, and can be transplanted in winter; moreover, the yield of the peppers is relatively high, and the pepper requirements in an off season can be met; in the off season, the peppers are high in unit price and economic benefit.

Description

One pepper cultivation method in early spring

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, especially relate to one pepper cultivation method in early spring.

Background technology

Capsicum has in temperature, the loose effect of trembling with fear, whetting the appetite, helping digestion, a kind of important vegetables and flavouring, its nutritive value is very high, containing multivitamin and trace element, as vitamin C, B, carotin, calcium, iron, phosphorus etc., it is 1050 milligrams that research to prove in per kilogram capsicum containing vitamin C, is 21 times of eggplant, 5 times, 4 times of Chinese cabbage, 3 times of ternip of tomato.Capsicum happiness temperature, be afraid of flood, drought-enduring, when winter temperature is lower, overwintering cultivation can not be carried out, most places is early spring or shifts to an earlier date in protecting field nursery early winter, field planting before and after clear and bright, the 6-7 month gathers, but in clear and bright front and back field planting on the occasion of rainy season, water capacity is often in saturation state, root disease is very serious, affect normal plants to grow, later stage multiple diseases is caused to occur and early ageing, output is not high, therefore, most of pepper cultivation mainly concentrates on Xia Qiu, spring Winter Cultivation less, along with the needs in market are increasing, cause the capsicum in winter in spring under-supply, capsicum unit price is high.

Relatively low for height above sea level, early spring, temperature went up soon relatively, the resources supplIes such as soil, Wen Guang, water conservancy are local preferably, be be very beneficial for early spring vegetables particularly early spring capsicum plantation, if in the sowing of late October then capsicum, mid or late December transplants, and so April next year, early and middle ten days capsicum product can go on the market, at this moment capsicum unit price is high, good in economic efficiency.

Domestic patent database disclosed pepper cultivation technology in some in relevant early spring in recent years:

Such as: patent document [application number] CN201310185365.1, [publication number] CN103385071A discloses one " a kind of method that capsicum spring cultivates in advance ", its method is made up of following steps: 1. variety adoption: select low light tolerance, the strong precocity of ability or mid-early maturity high yielding variety are beared fruit in low temperature resistant not easily excessive growth continuously, 2. cultivation, culture facility and the time: during the sight greenhouse culture utilizing heat-insulating property good, every 667 square metres of sowing quantities about 75 grams; 3. site preparation and fertilization: is that front stubble will be deep ploughed in time afterwards suddenly and suned the earth which has been ploughed up; Two is that the indoor 10 centimetres of ground temperature of canopy are stabilized in 10 DEG C of timings and get final product field planting; 4. gather: due to the spring, to do sth. in advance the early stage price of capsicum higher, and at once go on the market when the market price can be selected higher according to fruit growth situation, Men Jiaoyi early adopts, in order to avoid pendant seedling.This invention starts nursery in mid or late December, seedling age 90 ~ 100 days, mid or late March just field planting, at least take 2-4 month after capsicum field planting just must gather, so the capsicum of the method cultivation just must will go on the market to June, the time of listing is more late, can not meet dull season in early spring market to the pepper cultivation method in early spring of capsicum demand, also can affect falling kind of precocious paddy rice simultaneously.

Patent document [application number] CN201410129082.X, [publication number] CN103975718A discloses " a kind of shed for pepper spring cultivation method for premature ", and its method comprises following content: fine variety production, nurturing staff, in good time field planting, cultivation management, the extermination of disease and insect pest and the operation such as to gather.This invention soil conditioner used is prepared from by the component raw material of following weight portion: vermiculite power 25, clay 11, citric acid 9, food factory's offcuts 22, vinasse 4, white lime 2, potassium humate 9, boric acid 5.5, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.5, ferrous sulfate 2, sodium selenite 0.02, manganese sulphate 0.2, magnesium sulfate 4.5, ammonium molybdate 0.15, bone meal 10, Chinese herbal medicinal bactericide 3, peppermint oil 2, glycerine 2, sucrose ester 0.2, water are appropriate; Preparation method: vermiculite power, clay, citric acid are added suitable quantity of water mixing, stir into mud, send into 200-300 DEG C of kiln roasting 4 hours, then, cooling crush becomes 2-4mm coarse grain, by again with the rest materials mix and blend after 45 minutes in formula, granulation, spraying peppermint oil, oven dry obtains, its soil conditioner composition is many, complicated process of preparation, and pepper cultivation cost is high.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of comparatively cold-resistant, growth potential strong, winter can transplant, workable, cultivation adaptability is wide, can improve yield of hot pepper, quality, can meet dull season in early spring market to the pepper cultivation method in early spring of capsicum demand.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem takes and is: early spring, pepper cultivation method comprised the steps:

The selection of A, kind: select low light tolerance, low temperature resistant, precocious or middle early and output is higher, quality is better and kind salable: fragrant peppery 108, do peppery No. 3 of disease long queue, osmanthus.

B, the preparation of seedling bed: first, selection irrigation and drainage are convenient, loosing soil is fertile, the field of fertilizer conservation good water-retaining property makes seedling bed, every mu applies nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content is the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2 kilograms of 15%, the meticulous swinery excrement 60-90 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed, then to turn over thin rake, every mu of land for growing field crops is meticulous prepares out seedling bed 15 square metres, discharge simultaneously and be mixed with hundred worm spirits, the lime of carbendazim carries out soil disinfection, and to mix in 1: 1 ratio with 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine and spray in seedling bed, the mixing consumption 25ml-50ml of every mu of 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine.

C, seeding and seedling raising: the seeding and seedling raising time be selected in late October rain after, first seed is taken out to put and shine 4 ~ 5 days in the sun, then blighted grain, half a head seed, mould seed, old kind, half look kind is removed by the mode of selection by winnowing, and with the tertiary sodium phosphate of 10%, seed is carried out disinfection, seed is broadcast equably on whole good seedling bed by every mu of sowing quantity 60-70 gram, by thin mud capping kind, finally cover plastic sheeting for farm use heat and moisture preserving.

D, nursery stage manage: when young plant grows leaf, Hot Pepper Seedling blade face is sprayed with 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, every square metre of seedbed liquid 2-3 liter prepared, every 7-10 days sprays 1 time, continuous 2-3 time, after spray medicine, dry ground or ash reduction seedbed soil layer humidity can be spread, spray 50% tmtd, 800 times of liquid chemical control insects simultaneously, impose one to secondary seed manure.

The preparation in E, land for growing field crops: first evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field with quicklime, composite fertilizer and farmyard manure, execute 180 kilograms of quicklimes for every mu, nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content are the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 65 kilograms of 15%, well-rotted farmyard manure 2000 kilograms, then harrows with dilatory tractor-ploughing, loosens the soil, play railway carriage or compartments by 1.3 meters, wherein railway carriage or compartment height 25-28 centimetre, railway carriage or compartment face width 90 centimetres, furrow width 40 centimetres, rear covering with plastic film is played in railway carriage or compartment.

F, transplanting: transplant the dusk be selected in after mid or late December rain, by spacing in the rows 40 centimetres, little line-spacing 55-58 centimetre plants, every cave plants 2-3 strain, and seedling waters the water that 3-5 rises in every cave after planting immediately, and encircles hut epiphragma cold-proof heat insulation, every mu of cold-proof film of need 35 kilograms.

G, field management: topdress, in seedling stage depending on topdressing filling with the root and stem of certain plants from the punching of plant 6-10 centimeters with the 1.5-2% composite fertilizer aqueous solution of 5-10 kilogram with every mu during seedling growing way, generally impose 2-3 time, within every 12 days, topdress once, simultaneously, water a water every other day and suitably control field moisture content, to the middle and later periods after seedling stage, every mu is being topdressed filling with the root and stem of certain plants from the punching of plant 6-10 centimeters with the 1.5-2% composite fertilizer aqueous solution of 25-30 kilogram during this period, within every 15 days, impose a chemical fertilizer, meanwhile, watered a water every two days and suitably control field moisture content; Delimbing bud picking, erased by following for door green pepper branch, green pepper retains with upper branch door; Insect protected, with sigh you are phonetic, dragon gram bacterium, do not come not, carbendazim medicament control capsicum epidemic disease, with being full of profit companion, imperial gram bacterium, agricultural streptomycin chemical control capsicum leaf spot, bacterial wilt, gray mold and soft rot, within every 15 days, spray insecticide once.

H, to gather: after early April, when green pepper angular length is to more than 15-20 centimetre, capsicum can pluck sale, plucking, pack, transport time do not split off green pepper angle.

Preferably, topdress after selecting cloudy day or rain in described step G, select fine day spraying pesticide.

Early spring of the present invention, pepper cultivation method sows in late October, April next year, early and middle ten days capsicum product can go on the market, namely comparatively cold-resistant during pepper cultivation, growth potential strong, winter can transplant, and output is higher, meet the demand in capsicum dull season, at this moment capsicum unit price is high, good in economic efficiency, and market potential is large.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

Early spring of the present invention, pepper cultivation method, comprised the steps:

Cultivation place: select height above sea level relatively low, and place's Korean pine bark rot, early spring, temperature went up soon relatively, and pepper cultivation is carried out in the good lands for growing field crops of resources supplIes such as soil, Wen Guang, water conservancy, required large water in field to irrigate convenient, more by solar radiation.

The selection of A, kind: select low light tolerance, low temperature resistant, precocious or middle early and output is higher, quality is better and peppery 108 kinds of perfume (or spice) salable.

B, the preparation of seedling bed: first, selection irrigation and drainage are convenient, loosing soil is fertile, the field of fertilizer conservation good water-retaining property makes seedling bed, every mu applies nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content is the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2 kilograms of 15%, meticulous 75 kilograms, the swinery excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed, then to turn over thin rake, every mu of land for growing field crops is meticulous prepares out seedling bed 15 square metres, discharge simultaneously and be mixed with hundred worm spirits, the lime of carbendazim carries out soil disinfection, and to mix in 1: 1 ratio with 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine and spray in seedling bed, the mixing consumption 35ml of every mu of 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine.

C, seeding and seedling raising: seed is taken out to put and shines 4 days in the sun, then blighted grain, half a head seed, mould seed, old kind, half look kind is removed by the mode of selection by winnowing, and with the tertiary sodium phosphate of 10%, seed is carried out disinfection, after late October rains, by every mu of sowing quantity 65 grams, seed is broadcast equably on whole good seedling bed, by thin mud capping kind, finally cover plastic sheeting for farm use heat and moisture preserving.

D, nursery stage manage: when young plant grows leaf, Hot Pepper Seedling foliar control damping off is sprayed with 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, every square metre of seedbed liquid prepared 2 liters, spray in every 8 days 1 time, continuous 2 times, after spray medicine, dry ground or ash reduction seedbed soil layer humidity can be spread, spray 50% tmtd, 800 times of liquid chemical control insects, impose one to secondary seed manure, nursery stage is about 40 days simultaneously.

The preparation in E, land for growing field crops: first evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field with quicklime, composite fertilizer and farmyard manure, execute 180 kilograms of quicklimes for every mu, nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content are the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 65 kilograms of 15%, well-rotted farmyard manure 2000 kilograms, then harrows with dilatory tractor-ploughing, loosens the soil, play railway carriage or compartments by 1.3 meters, wherein railway carriage or compartment is high 27 centimetres, railway carriage or compartment face width 90 centimetres, furrow width 40 centimetres, rear covering with plastic film cold-proof heat insulation is played in railway carriage or compartment.

F, transplanting: pepper seedling raising can be transplanted to large Tanaka cultivation after 40 days, transplanting time is selected in the dusk after mid or late December rain, by spacing in the rows 40 centimetres, little line-spacing 56 centimetres is planted, every cave plants 2-3 strain, seedling waters the water that 3-5 rises in every cave after planting immediately, and encircles hut epiphragma cold-proof heat insulation, every mu of cold-proof film of need 35 kilograms.

G, field management: topdress, in seedling stage depending on topdressing from the plant 8 centimeters punching filling root and stem of certain plants with 1.8% composite fertilizer's aqueous solution of every mu of use 7 kilograms during seedling growing way, generally impose 2 times, within every 12 days, topdress once, simultaneously, water a water every other day and suitably control field moisture content, to the middle and later periods after seedling stage, 1.8% composite fertilizer's aqueous solution of every mu of use 28 kilograms is topdressing filling with the root and stem of certain plants from the punching of plant 8 centimeters during this period, within every 15 days, impose a chemical fertilizer, topdress and preferably select to topdress to capsicum after cloudy day or rain, meanwhile, watered a water every two days and suitably control field moisture content; Delimbing bud picking, erased by following for door green pepper branch, green pepper retains with upper branch door; Insect protected, in sunny weather, with sigh you are phonetic, dragon gram bacterium, do not come not, carbendazim medicament control capsicum epidemic disease, with being full of profit companion, imperial gram bacterium, agricultural streptomycin chemical control capsicum leaf spot, bacterial wilt, gray mold and soft rot, within every 15 days, spray insecticide once.

H, to gather: cultivate after 140 days, namely after early April, when green pepper angular length is to more than 15-20 centimetre, capsicum can pluck sale, plucking, pack, transport time do not split off green pepper angle, after capsicum harvests, precocious paddy rice can be planted, make full use of land resources.

The capsicum per mu yield that embodiment 1 is cultivated reaches 2523 kilograms, and output is high, and can go on the market in the April, meets the demand in capsicum dull season, and at this moment capsicum unit price is high, good in economic efficiency.

Embodiment 2:

Early spring of the present invention, pepper cultivation method, comprised the steps:

Cultivation place: select height above sea level relatively low, and place's Korean pine bark rot, early spring, temperature went up soon relatively, and pepper cultivation is carried out in the good lands for growing field crops of resources supplIes such as soil, Wen Guang, water conservancy, required large water in field to irrigate convenient, more by solar radiation.

The selection of A, kind: select low light tolerance, low temperature resistant, precocious or middle early and output is higher, quality is better and salablely do disease long queue kind.

B, the preparation of seedling bed: first, selection irrigation and drainage are convenient, loosing soil is fertile, the field of fertilizer conservation good water-retaining property makes seedling bed, every mu applies nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content is the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2 kilograms of 15%, meticulous 60 kilograms, the swinery excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed, then to turn over thin rake, every mu of land for growing field crops is meticulous prepares out seedling bed 15 square metres, discharge simultaneously and be mixed with hundred worm spirits, the lime of carbendazim carries out soil disinfection, and to mix in 1: 1 ratio with 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine and spray in seedling bed, the mixing consumption 25ml of every mu of 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine.

C, seeding and seedling raising: first seed is taken out to put and shine 5 days in the sun, then blighted grain, half a head seed, mould seed, old kind, half look kind is removed by the mode of selection by winnowing, and with the tertiary sodium phosphate of 10%, seed is carried out disinfection, after late October rains, by every mu of sowing quantity 60 grams, seed is broadcast equably on whole good seedling bed, by thin mud capping kind, finally cover plastic sheeting for farm use heat and moisture preserving.

D, nursery stage manage: when young plant grows leaf, Hot Pepper Seedling foliar control damping off is sprayed with 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, every square metre of seedbed liquid prepared 2 liters, spray in every 7 days 1 time, continuous 3 times, after spray medicine, dry ground or ash reduction seedbed soil layer humidity can be spread, spray 50% tmtd, 800 times of liquid chemical control insects, impose one to secondary seed manure, nursery stage is about 45 days simultaneously.

The preparation in E, land for growing field crops: first evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field with quicklime, composite fertilizer and farmyard manure, execute 180 kilograms of quicklimes for every mu, nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content are the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 65 kilograms of 15%, well-rotted farmyard manure 2000 kilograms, then harrows with dilatory tractor-ploughing, loosens the soil, play railway carriage or compartments by 1.3 meters, wherein railway carriage or compartment is high 25 centimetres, railway carriage or compartment face width 90 centimetres, furrow width 40 centimetres, rear covering with plastic film cold-proof heat insulation is played in railway carriage or compartment.

F, transplanting: pepper seedling raising can be transplanted to large Tanaka cultivation after 45 days, transplanting time is selected in the dusk after mid or late December rain, by spacing in the rows 40 centimetres, little line-spacing 55 centimetres is planted, every cave plants 2 strains, seedling waters the water that 3-5 rises in every cave after planting immediately, and encircles hut epiphragma cold-proof heat insulation, every mu of cold-proof film of need 35 kilograms.

G, field management: topdress, preferably select to topdress to capsicum after cloudy day or rain, in seedling stage depending on topdressing from the plant 6 centimeters punching filling root and stem of certain plants with 1.5% composite fertilizer's aqueous solution of every mu of use 5 kilograms during seedling growing way, generally impose 3 times, within every 12 days, topdress once, simultaneously, water a water every other day and suitably control field moisture content, to the middle and later periods after seedling stage, 1.5% composite fertilizer's aqueous solution of every mu of use 25 kilograms is topdressing filling with the root and stem of certain plants from the punching of plant 6 centimeters during this period, within every 15 days, impose a chemical fertilizer, meanwhile, watered a water every two days and suitably control field moisture content; Delimbing bud picking, erased by following for door green pepper branch, green pepper retains with upper branch door; Insect protected, in sunny weather, with sigh you are phonetic, dragon gram bacterium, do not come not, carbendazim medicament control capsicum epidemic disease, with being full of profit companion, imperial gram bacterium, agricultural streptomycin chemical control capsicum leaf spot, bacterial wilt, gray mold and soft rot, within every 15 days, spray insecticide once.

H, to gather: cultivate after 150 days, namely after early April, when green pepper angular length is to more than 15-20 centimetre, capsicum can pluck sale, plucking, pack, transport time do not split off green pepper angle, after capsicum harvests, precocious paddy rice can be planted, make full use of land resources.

The capsicum per mu yield that embodiment 2 is trained reaches 2350 kilograms, and output is high, and can go on the market in the April, meets the demand in capsicum dull season, and at this moment capsicum unit price is high, good in economic efficiency.

Embodiment 3:

Early spring of the present invention, pepper cultivation method, comprised the steps:

Cultivation place: select height above sea level relatively low, and place's Korean pine bark rot, early spring, temperature went up soon relatively, and pepper cultivation is carried out in the good lands for growing field crops of resources supplIes such as soil, Wen Guang, water conservancy, required large water in field to irrigate convenient, more by solar radiation.

The selection of A, kind: select low light tolerance, low temperature resistant, precocious or middle early and output is higher, quality is better and peppery No. 3 kinds in osmanthus salable.

B, the preparation of seedling bed: first, selection irrigation and drainage are convenient, loosing soil is fertile, the field of fertilizer conservation good water-retaining property makes seedling bed, every mu applies nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content is the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2 kilograms of 15%, meticulous 90 kilograms, the swinery excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed, then to turn over thin rake, every mu of land for growing field crops is meticulous prepares out seedling bed 15 square metres, discharge simultaneously and be mixed with hundred worm spirits, the lime of carbendazim carries out soil disinfection, and to mix in 1: 1 ratio with 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine and spray in seedling bed, the mixing consumption 50ml of every mu of 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine.

C, seeding and seedling raising: the seeding and seedling raising time be selected in late October rain after, first seed is taken out to put and shine 5 days in the sun, then blighted grain, half a head seed, mould seed, old kind, half look kind is removed by the mode of selection by winnowing, and with the tertiary sodium phosphate of 10%, seed is carried out disinfection, after late October rains, by every mu of sowing quantity 70 grams, seed is broadcast equably on whole good seedling bed, by thin mud capping kind, finally cover plastic sheeting for farm use heat and moisture preserving.

D, nursery stage manage: when young plant grows leaf, Hot Pepper Seedling foliar control damping off is sprayed with 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, every square metre of seedbed liquid prepared 3 liters, spray in every 10 days 1 time, continuous 2 times, after spray medicine, dry ground or ash reduction seedbed soil layer humidity can be spread, spray 50% tmtd, 800 times of liquid chemical control insects, impose one to secondary seed manure, nursery stage is about 42 days simultaneously.

The preparation in E, land for growing field crops: first evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field with quicklime, composite fertilizer and farmyard manure, execute 180 kilograms of quicklimes for every mu, nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content are the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 65 kilograms of 15%, well-rotted farmyard manure 2000 kilograms, then harrows with dilatory tractor-ploughing, loosens the soil, play railway carriage or compartments by 1.3 meters, wherein railway carriage or compartment is high 28 centimetres, railway carriage or compartment face width 90 centimetres, furrow width 40 centimetres, rear covering with plastic film cold-proof heat insulation is played in railway carriage or compartment.

F, transplanting: pepper seedling raising can be transplanted to large Tanaka cultivation after 42 days, transplanting time is selected in the dusk after mid or late December rain, by spacing in the rows 40 centimetres, little line-spacing 58 centimetres is planted, every cave plants 3 strains, seedling waters the water that 3-5 rises in every cave after planting immediately, and encircles hut epiphragma cold-proof heat insulation, every mu of cold-proof film of need 35 kilograms.

G, field management: topdress, preferably select to topdress to capsicum after cloudy day or rain, in seedling stage depending on topdressing from the plant 10 centimeters punching filling root and stem of certain plants with 2% composite fertilizer's aqueous solution of every mu of use 10 kilograms during seedling growing way, generally impose 2 times, within every 12 days, topdress once, simultaneously, water a water every other day and suitably control field moisture content, to the middle and later periods after seedling stage, 2% composite fertilizer's aqueous solution of every mu of use 30 kilograms is topdressing filling with the root and stem of certain plants from the punching of plant 10 centimeters during this period, within every 15 days, impose a chemical fertilizer, meanwhile, watered a water every two days and suitably control field moisture content; Delimbing bud picking, erased by following for door green pepper branch, green pepper retains with upper branch door; Insect protected, in sunny weather, with sigh you are phonetic, dragon gram bacterium, do not come not, carbendazim medicament control capsicum epidemic disease, with being full of profit companion, imperial gram bacterium, agricultural streptomycin chemical control capsicum leaf spot, bacterial wilt, gray mold and soft rot, within every 15 days, spray insecticide once.

H, to gather: cultivate after 145 days, namely after early April, when green pepper angular length is to more than 15-20 centimetre, capsicum can pluck sale, plucking, pack, transport time do not split off green pepper angle, after capsicum harvests, precocious paddy rice can be planted, make full use of land resources.

The capsicum per mu yield that embodiment 3 is cultivated reaches 2418 kilograms, and output is high, and can go on the market in the April, meets the demand in capsicum dull season, and at this moment capsicum unit price is high, good in economic efficiency.

Claims (2)

1. early spring a pepper cultivation method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:

The selection of A, kind: select low light tolerance, low temperature resistant, precocious or middle early and output is higher, quality is better and kind salable: fragrant peppery 108, do peppery No. 3 of disease long queue, osmanthus;

B, the preparation of seedling bed: first, selection irrigation and drainage are convenient, loosing soil is fertile, the field of fertilizer conservation good water-retaining property makes seedling bed, every mu applies nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content is the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2 kilograms of 15%, the meticulous swinery excrement 60-90 kilogram that becomes thoroughly decomposed, then to turn over thin rake, every mu of land for growing field crops is meticulous prepares out seedling bed 15 square metres, discharge simultaneously and be mixed with hundred worm spirits, the lime of carbendazim carries out soil disinfection, and to mix in 1: 1 ratio with 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine and spray in seedling bed, the mixing consumption 25ml-50ml of every mu of 40% sub-chloronitrobenzene and the 41% poly-phonetic mould amine of astatine,

C, seeding and seedling raising: the seeding and seedling raising time be selected in late October rain after, first seed is taken out to put and shine 4 ~ 5 days in the sun, then blighted grain, half a head seed, mould seed, old kind, half look kind is removed by the mode of selection by winnowing, and with the tertiary sodium phosphate of 10%, seed is carried out disinfection, seed is broadcast equably on whole good seedling bed by every mu of sowing quantity 60-70 gram, by thin mud capping kind, finally cover plastic sheeting for farm use heat and moisture preserving;

D, nursery stage manage: when young plant grows leaf, Hot Pepper Seedling blade face is sprayed with 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, every square metre of seedbed liquid 2-3 liter prepared, every 7-10 days sprays 1 time, continuous 2-3 time, after spray medicine, dry ground or ash reduction seedbed soil layer humidity can be spread, spray 50% tmtd, 800 times of liquid chemical control insects simultaneously, impose one to secondary seed manure;

The preparation in E, land for growing field crops: first evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in full field with quicklime, composite fertilizer and farmyard manure, execute 180 kilograms of quicklimes for every mu, nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium content are the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 65 kilograms of 15%, well-rotted farmyard manure 2000 kilograms, then harrows with dilatory tractor-ploughing, loosens the soil, play railway carriage or compartments by 1.3 meters, wherein railway carriage or compartment height 25-28 centimetre, railway carriage or compartment face width 90 centimetres, furrow width 40 centimetres, rear covering with plastic film is played in railway carriage or compartment;

F, transplanting: transplant the dusk be selected in after mid or late December rain, by spacing in the rows 40 centimetres, little line-spacing 55-58 centimetre plants, every cave plants 2-3 strain, and seedling waters the water that 3-5 rises in every cave after planting immediately, and encircles hut epiphragma cold-proof heat insulation, every mu of cold-proof film of need 35 kilograms;

G, field management: topdress, in seedling stage depending on topdressing filling with the root and stem of certain plants from the punching of plant 6-10 centimeters with the 1.5-2% composite fertilizer aqueous solution of 5-10 kilogram with every mu during seedling growing way, generally impose 2-3 time, within every 12 days, topdress once, simultaneously, water a water every other day and suitably control field moisture content, to the middle and later periods after seedling stage, every mu is being topdressed filling with the root and stem of certain plants from the punching of plant 6-10 centimeters with the 1.5-2% composite fertilizer aqueous solution of 25-30 kilogram during this period, within every 15 days, impose a chemical fertilizer, meanwhile, watered a water every two days and suitably control field moisture content; Delimbing bud picking, erased by following for door green pepper branch, green pepper retains with upper branch door; Insect protected, with sigh you are phonetic, dragon gram bacterium, do not come not, carbendazim medicament control capsicum epidemic disease, with being full of profit companion, imperial gram bacterium, agricultural streptomycin chemical control capsicum leaf spot, bacterial wilt, gray mold and soft rot, within every 15 days, spray insecticide once;

H, to gather: after early April, when green pepper angular length is to more than 15-20 centimetre, capsicum can pluck sale, plucking, pack, transport time do not split off green pepper angle.

2. early spring according to claim 1 pepper cultivation method, it is characterized in that: topdress after selecting cloudy day or rain in described step G, select fine day spraying pesticide.