CN108293784A - The green cultural method of organic hotbed chives - Google Patents
The green cultural method of organic hotbed chives Download PDFInfo
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- CN108293784A CN108293784A CN201610788371.XA CN201610788371A CN108293784A CN 108293784 A CN108293784 A CN 108293784A CN 201610788371 A CN201610788371 A CN 201610788371A CN 108293784 A CN108293784 A CN 108293784A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of green cultural methods of organic hotbed chives, include the following steps：1), seed selection nursery；2), site preparation and fertilization, using the fertilizer special for organic prepared as fermenting raw materials using discarding asparagus stem；3), transplant planting；4) the sustained release Water soluble fertilizer for being suitble to hotbed chives growth is selected in, water and fertilizer management, top dressing；5), scaffolding is cultivated, and is covered with black thin film around frame, is covered with the double-deck black nylon cloth with microcellular structure above ceiling arch, is achieved the purpose that be protected from light, keep the temperature；6) it, gathers in.Cultural method of the present invention is suitble to cultivating and growing hotbed chives at low ambient temperatures; it is easy to operate; ecological, environmental protective; using ventilative lighttight scaffolding technology, ensures the no light growing environment of hotbed chives, increase the gas permeability of environment; improve the yield and quality of hotbed chives; enhance the disease resistance of hotbed chives, the disease control and Pesticide Residue, proper scale truck garden solved in hotbed chives planting process is promoted and applied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, more particularly to a kind of green cultural method of organic hotbed chives.
Background technology
Hotbed chives belong to Liliaceae herbaceos perennial, Chinese leek shoot, yellow Chinese leek shoot, yellow fragrant-flowered garlic etc. are commonly called as, because completely in non-illuminated conditions
Lower growth cannot carry out photosynthesis synthesis chlorophyll and turn yellow, referred to as hotbed chives.Hotbed chives are the vegetables that broad masses like
Vegetable kind, tool stomach invigorating refresh oneself, hidroschesis astringent method, tonify the kidney and support yang, controlling nocturnal emission with astringent drugs and other effects.Traditional hotbed chives production is using a large amount of farmings of covering
Object stalk is produced, but with urban construction and agricultural structure adjustment, agricultural crop straw raw material is fewer and fewer, and expense is surging,
The production cost of hotbed chives is set to increase year by year.Therefore, people begin one's study other cultural methods replace traditional stalks mulching method,
Mainly there are following three kinds：First, being covered on arched shed or frame with black plastic film, no light growing environment is formed；Second is that with
Lighttight crock is buckled on leek；It is produced third, leek is transplanted in dark cellar for storing things, cave dwelling.
There are various defects for above-mentioned cultural method, such as hotbed chives are produced using black plastic film, since plastic film is impermeable
Gas easily leads to the generation of pest and disease damage, influences the yield of hotbed chives；And crock is used to produce hotbed chives, it is higher to apply in general to temperature
Southern area, be not suitable for winter or temperature lower northern area production；And cave dwelling is used to produce hotbed chives, it needs leisured
The cave dwelling set, space is big, and resource is few, is not suitable for large-scale production；And above-mentioned three kinds of cultural methods do not consider temperature
The influence that factor grows hotbed chives causes the hotbed chives of Winter Cultivation slow-growing due to not having heat insulation function, low output, seriously
Influence the extensive cultivation of leek.
In conclusion the hotbed chives cultivation technique of application and popularizations is there are the various defects for being difficult to overcome at present, and traditional cultivation
Method relies on chemical fertilizer, pesticide, herbicide etc. more, leads to that soil heavy metal pollution is serious, the residual exceeded, inferior quality of product agriculture, because
This, needs to find a kind of new hotbed chives cultural method, especially a kind of to improve hotbed chives yield and quality at low ambient temperatures
Green cultural method.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of green cultivation of organic hotbed chives to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art and deficiency
Culture method is especially suitable for cultivating and growing hotbed chives, easy to operate, ecological, environmental protective at low ambient temperatures, ensures the no light life of hotbed chives
Long environment, while increasing the gas permeability of environment, the yield and quality of hotbed chives is improved, the disease resistance of hotbed chives is enhanced, solves hotbed chives kind
Disease control during plant and Pesticide Residue.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of green cultural methods of organic hotbed chives, include the following steps：
1), seed selection nursery：The Allium tuberasum.seeds for being suitable for planting region growth conditions are selected, flat seed and impurity are weeded out before sowing,
Seed is impregnated with nutrient solution 4~5 hours, is then impregnated 1~2 hour in warm water, and after being filtered dry, the plantation of uniform broadcasting seedlings nursing plate carries
On body, nurturing staff；The wherein described nutrient solution is by auximone, poly-aspartate, vitamin, ascorbic acid, lemon juice, mountain
Pears acid, Sabina vulgris, water composition；
2), site preparation and fertilization：The plot for planting hotbed chives is ploughed deeply one and arrives secondary, 20~30cm of depth of turning soil, it will be miscellaneous in soil
Grass is removed, and using hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic, clay fertilizer is flattened bedding after mixing；The wherein described hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic is with useless
It is that fermenting raw materials prepare gained to abandon asparagus stem；
3), transplant planting：Hotbed chives transplanting time is April to May or September to October, to Radix Folium Allii tuberosi with spacing in the rows 10~
15cm, 35~45cm of line-spacing are transplanted to the outer hotbed chives plot field planting of canopy, and it is primary to be colonized watering daily in latter week, behind it is dry regarding ground
Wet situation is watered；
4), water and fertilizer management：A top dressing is carried out after hotbed chives transplanting in 15~20 days, top dressing, which is selected, is suitble to the slow of hotbed chives growth
Water soluble fertilizer is released, is once poured within three days after top dressing, hotbed chives growth demand is met；
5), scaffolding cultivation：After fragrant-flowered garlic leaf seals ridge, it is fabricated to that canopy side is 0.9 meter high, canopy is 3.3 meters wide, ceiling is high by 1.2 with steel
The frame of rice is covered with black thin film around frame, and ceiling does arch, with the double-deck black Buddhist nun with microcellular structure above arch
Imperial cloth covering, achievees the purpose that be protected from light, keep the temperature；It after scaffolding, is once poured, while spraying the dilution of the nutrition in step 1)
Liquid achievees the purpose that insect prevention, anti-virus.
6) it, gathers in：Hotbed chives should gather in due course, gather within 20~30 days after covering, 1~2 centimetre of toothing after harvesting, is removed every time
Covering is transferred to normal management.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the nutrient solution described in step 1) is 18~25%.
Preferably, the nutrient solution described in step 1) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight：Auximone 5~10 gathers
Aspartic acid 3~8, vitamin 1~5, ascorbic acid 1~5, lemon juice 3~5, sorbic acid 1~5, Sabina vulgris 1~3, water
15~30.
Preferably, 1000~2000 kilograms of hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic is applied in step 2) per acre, wherein the hotbed chives are special
Gained is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight with organic fertilizer：300~500 parts of asparagus stem, 100~200 parts of eucalyptus leaves, decomposed farmers'
100~300 parts of fertilizer, 80~120 parts of urea, 50~100 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 80~120 parts of plant ash, flyash 30~80
Part.
Preferably, the sustained release Water soluble fertilizer described in step 4) prepares gained by the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 20~40,
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 15~25, humic acid potassium 20~30, middle micro- 5~10, tartaric acid 3~10, sodium acetate 5~10, seaweed
Sour sodium 10~15, esterification tamarind seed polysaccharide glue 10~15, zeolite 15~30.
Preferably, heat exchanger and temperature control device are also set up in the frame described in step 5), to reach heat preservation, cold-proof mesh
's；The nutrition dilution is the nutrient solution that volume ratio is 10~20%.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：The green cultural method of the organic hotbed chives of the present invention passes through
Seedling in greenhouse selects homemade nutrient solution seed soaking nursery, improves the disease resistance of seed；The organic fertilizer of site preparation application is with discarded reed
Bamboo shoot stem is prepared for fermenting raw materials, and formula is reasonable, and nutrition is comprehensive, is conducive to the yield and quality for improving hotbed chives；The top dressing of application is
It is suitble to the sustained release Water soluble fertilizer of hotbed chives growth, reduces fertilizer application frequency and quantity；Using ventilative double-deck black nylon cloth covering against sunshine
Arch frame, ensures the no light growing environment of hotbed chives, while increasing the gas permeability of environment, improves the yield and quality of hotbed chives,
Enhance the disease resistance of hotbed chives, solves the disease control in hotbed chives planting process and Pesticide Residue, and also set up and change in frame
Hot device and temperature control device, to achieve the purpose that heat preservation, cold-proof, suitable cultivating and growing hotbed chives at low ambient temperatures, suitable for extensive
It promotes and applies.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described further below.It should be noted that for these implementations
The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute limitation of the invention.In addition, invention described below
Involved technical characteristic can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other in each embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of green cultural method of organic hotbed chives, includes the following steps：
1), seed selection nursery：The Allium tuberasum.seeds for being suitable for planting region growth conditions are selected, flat seed and impurity are weeded out before sowing,
The nutrient solution for being 18% with volume ratio impregnates seed 5 hours, is then impregnated 1 hour in warm water, after being filtered dry, uniform broadcasting is educated
Seed plate is planted on carrier, nurturing staff；The wherein described nutrient solution is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Auximone 10 gathers
Aspartic acid 8, vitamin 5, ascorbic acid 5, lemon juice 5, sorbic acid 5, Sabina vulgris 1, water 30 form；
2), site preparation and fertilization：The plot for planting hotbed chives is ploughed deeply one and arrives secondary, 20~30cm of depth of turning soil, it will be miscellaneous in soil
Grass is removed, and using hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic, clay fertilizer is flattened bedding after mixing；The wherein described hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic is by such as
Under raw material prepare gained：500 parts of asparagus stem, 200 parts of eucalyptus leaves, 300 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 120 parts of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
100 parts, 120 parts of plant ash, 80 parts of flyash；
3), transplant planting：Hotbed chives transplanting time is April, and fragrant-flowered garlic outside canopy is transplanted to spacing in the rows 15cm, line-spacing 45cm to Radix Folium Allii tuberosi
The field planting of yellow plot, it is primary to be colonized watering daily in latter week, behind water depending on ground dry and wet situation；
4), water and fertilizer management：A top dressing is carried out after hotbed chives transplanting in 15~20 days, top dressing, which is selected, is suitble to the slow of hotbed chives growth
Water soluble fertilizer is released, is once poured within three days after top dressing, hotbed chives growth demand is met；The sustained release Water soluble fertilizer is by following parts by weight
Raw material prepare gained：Urea 20, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 15, humic acid potassium 20, middle micro- 5, tartaric acid 3, sodium acetate 5, sea
Mosanom 10, esterification tamarind seed polysaccharide glue 10, zeolite 15；
5), scaffolding cultivation：After fragrant-flowered garlic leaf seals ridge, it is fabricated to that canopy side is 0.9 meter high, canopy is 3.3 meters wide, ceiling is high by 1.2 with steel
The frame of rice is covered with black thin film around frame, and ceiling does arch, with the double-deck black Buddhist nun with microcellular structure above arch
Imperial cloth covering, achievees the purpose that be protected from light, keep the temperature；It after scaffolding, is once poured, while spraying volume ratio in step 1) and being
10% nutrition dilution, achievees the purpose that insect prevention, anti-virus.
6) it, gathers in：Hotbed chives should gather in due course, gather within 20~30 days after covering, 1~2 centimetre of toothing after harvesting, is removed every time
Covering is transferred to normal management.
The hotbed chives cultivated according to the present embodiment, per mu yield have reached 4800kg, and the incidence of hotbed chives reduces by 45%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of green cultural method of organic hotbed chives, includes the following steps：
1), seed selection nursery：The Allium tuberasum.seeds for being suitable for planting region growth conditions are selected, flat seed and impurity are weeded out before sowing,
The nutrient solution for being 20% with volume ratio impregnates seed 4 hours, is then impregnated 2 hours in warm water, after being filtered dry, uniform broadcasting is educated
Seed plate is planted on carrier, nurturing staff；The wherein described nutrient solution is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Auximone 8, poly- day
Winter propylhomoserin 5, vitamin 3, ascorbic acid 3, lemon juice 5, sorbic acid 1, Sabina vulgris 3, water 25 form；
2), site preparation and fertilization：The plot for planting hotbed chives is ploughed deeply one and arrives secondary, 20~30cm of depth of turning soil, it will be miscellaneous in soil
Grass is removed, and using hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic, clay fertilizer is flattened bedding after mixing；The wherein described hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic is by such as
Under raw material prepare gained：400 parts of asparagus stem, 150 parts of eucalyptus leaves, 200 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 100 parts of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
80 parts, 100 parts of plant ash, 60 parts of flyash.；
3), transplant planting：Hotbed chives transplanting time is September, and fragrant-flowered garlic outside canopy is transplanted to spacing in the rows 10cm, line-spacing 35cm to Radix Folium Allii tuberosi
The field planting of yellow plot, it is primary to be colonized watering daily in latter week, behind water depending on ground dry and wet situation；
4), water and fertilizer management：A top dressing is carried out after hotbed chives transplanting in 15~20 days, top dressing, which is selected, is suitble to the slow of hotbed chives growth
Water soluble fertilizer is released, is once poured within three days after top dressing, hotbed chives growth demand is met；The sustained release Water soluble fertilizer is by following parts by weight
Raw material prepare gained：Urea 30, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 20, humic acid potassium 20, middle micro- 8, tartaric acid 6, sodium acetate 8, sea
Mosanom 10, esterification tamarind seed polysaccharide glue 12, zeolite 20；
5), scaffolding cultivation：After fragrant-flowered garlic leaf seals ridge, it is fabricated to that canopy side is 0.9 meter high, canopy is 3.3 meters wide, ceiling is high by 1.2 with steel
The frame of rice is covered with black thin film around frame, and ceiling does arch, with the double-deck black Buddhist nun with microcellular structure above arch
Imperial cloth covering, achievees the purpose that be protected from light, keep the temperature；It after scaffolding, is once poured, while spraying volume ratio in step 1) and being
15% nutrition dilution, achievees the purpose that insect prevention, anti-virus.
6) it, gathers in：Hotbed chives should gather in due course, gather within 20~30 days after covering, 1~2 centimetre of toothing after harvesting, is removed every time
Covering is transferred to normal management.
The hotbed chives cultivated according to the present embodiment, per mu yield have reached 5000kg, and the incidence of hotbed chives reduces by 42%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of green cultural method of organic hotbed chives, includes the following steps：
1), seed selection nursery：The Allium tuberasum.seeds for being suitable for planting region growth conditions are selected, flat seed and impurity are weeded out before sowing,
The nutrient solution for being 25% with volume ratio impregnates seed 4 hours, is then impregnated 2 hours in warm water, after being filtered dry, uniform broadcasting is educated
Seed plate is planted on carrier, nurturing staff；The wherein described nutrient solution is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Auximone 5, poly- day
Winter propylhomoserin 3, vitamin 1, ascorbic acid 1, lemon juice 3, sorbic acid 3, Sabina vulgris 2, water 15 form；
2), site preparation and fertilization：The plot for planting hotbed chives is ploughed deeply one and arrives secondary, 20~30cm of depth of turning soil, it will be miscellaneous in soil
Grass is removed, and using hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic, clay fertilizer is flattened bedding after mixing；The wherein described hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic is by such as
Under raw material prepare gained：300 parts of asparagus stem, 100 parts of eucalyptus leaves, 100 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, 80 parts of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
50 parts, 80 parts of plant ash, 50 parts of flyash.；
3), transplant planting：Hotbed chives transplanting time is October, is transplanted to outside canopy with spacing in the rows 10cm, line-spacing 40cm to Radix Folium Allii tuberosi
Hotbed chives plot is colonized, and it is primary to be colonized watering daily in latter week, behind water depending on ground dry and wet situation；
4), water and fertilizer management：A top dressing is carried out after hotbed chives transplanting in 15~20 days, top dressing, which is selected, is suitble to the slow of hotbed chives growth
Water soluble fertilizer is released, is once poured within three days after top dressing, hotbed chives growth demand is met；The sustained release Water soluble fertilizer is by following parts by weight
Raw material prepare gained：Urea 40, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 25, humic acid potassium 30, middle micro- 10, tartaric acid 10, sodium acetate 5~
10, sodium alginate 10, esterification tamarind seed polysaccharide glue 10, zeolite 30；
5), scaffolding cultivation：After fragrant-flowered garlic leaf seals ridge, it is fabricated to that canopy side is 0.9 meter high, canopy is 3.3 meters wide, ceiling is high by 1.2 with steel
The frame of rice is covered with black thin film around frame, and ceiling does arch, with the double-deck black Buddhist nun with microcellular structure above arch
Imperial cloth covering, achievees the purpose that be protected from light, keep the temperature；It after scaffolding, is once poured, while spraying volume ratio in step 1) and being
10% nutrition dilution, achievees the purpose that insect prevention, anti-virus.
6) it, gathers in：Hotbed chives should gather in due course, gather within 20~30 days after covering, 1~2 centimetre of toothing after harvesting, is removed every time
Covering is transferred to normal management.
The hotbed chives cultivated according to the present embodiment, per mu yield have reached 5100kg or so, and the incidence of hotbed chives reduces by 50%.
The embodiment of invention is explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiments.For
For those skilled in the art, in the case where not departing from the principle of the invention and spirit, these embodiments are carried out a variety of
Change, modification, replacement and modification still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of green cultural method of organic hotbed chives, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
1) seed selection nursery：The Allium tuberasum.seeds for being suitable for planting region growth conditions are selected, flat seed and impurity are weeded out before sowing, uses nutrition
Liquid impregnates seed 4~5 hours, is then impregnated 1~2 hour in warm water, and after being filtered dry, uniform broadcasting seedlings nursing plate is planted on carrier,
Nurturing staff；The wherein described nutrient solution by auximone, poly-aspartate, vitamin, ascorbic acid, lemon juice, sorbic acid,
Sabina vulgris, water composition；
2) site preparation and fertilization：The plot for planting hotbed chives is ploughed deeply one and arrives secondary, 20~30cm of depth of turning soil, weeds in soil are clear
It removes, using hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic, clay fertilizer is flattened into bedding after mixing；The wherein described hotbed chives fertilizer special for organic is to discard reed
Bamboo shoot stem is that fermenting raw materials prepare gained；
3) transplant planting：Hotbed chives transplanting time is April to May or September to October, to Radix Folium Allii tuberosi with 10~15cm of spacing in the rows, line-spacing
35~45cm is transplanted to the outer hotbed chives plot field planting of canopy, and it is primary to be colonized watering daily in latter week, behind regard ground dry and wet situation into
Row watering；
4) water and fertilizer management：A top dressing is carried out after hotbed chives transplanting in 15~20 days, the sustained release water for being suitble to hotbed chives growth is selected in top dressing
Molten fertilizer is once poured for three days after top dressing, meets hotbed chives growth demand；
5) scaffolding cultivation：After fragrant-flowered garlic leaf seals ridge, it is fabricated to that canopy side is 0.9 meter high, canopy is 3.3 meters wide, high 1.2 meters of the canopy of ceiling with steel
Frame is covered with black thin film around frame, and ceiling does arch, is covered with the double-deck black nylon cloth with microcellular structure above arch
Lid, achievees the purpose that be protected from light, keep the temperature；It after scaffolding, is once poured, while spraying the nutrition dilution in step 1), reached
Insect prevention, anti-virus purpose.
6) it gathers in：Hotbed chives should gather in due course, gather within 20~30 days after covering, 1~2 centimetre of toothing after harvesting, removes covering every time
Object is transferred to normal management.
2. the green cultural method of organic hotbed chives according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Nutrition described in step 1)
The volume ratio of liquid is 18~25%.
3. the green cultural method of organic hotbed chives according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Nutrition described in step 1)
Liquid is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight：Auximone 5~10, poly-aspartate 3~8, vitamin 1~5, ascorbic acid 1
~5, lemon juice 3~5, sorbic acid 1~5, Sabina vulgris 1~3, water 15~30.
4. the green cultural method of organic hotbed chives according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fragrant-flowered garlic is applied in step 2) per acre
1000~2000 kilograms of yellow fertilizer special for organic.
5. the green cultural method of organic hotbed chives according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The hotbed chives are special organic
Fertilizer prepares gained by the raw material of following parts by weight：300~500 parts of asparagus stem, 100~200 parts of eucalyptus leaves, well-rotted farmyard manure 100
~300 parts, 80~120 parts of urea, 50~100 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 80~120 parts of plant ash, 30~80 parts of flyash.
6. the green cultural method of organic hotbed chives according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Sustained release described in step 4)
Water soluble fertilizer prepares gained by the raw material of following parts by weight：Urea 20~40, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 15~25, humic acid potassium 20~30,
Middle micro- 5~10, tartaric acid 3~10, sodium acetate 5~10, sodium alginate 10~15, esterification tamarind seed polysaccharide glue 10~
15, zeolite 15~30.
7. the green cultural method of organic hotbed chives according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Frame described in step 5)
Inside also set up heat exchanger and temperature control device, with achieve the purpose that heat preservation, it is cold-proof.
8. the green cultural method of organic hotbed chives according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Nutrition described in step 5)
Dilution is the nutrient solution that volume ratio is 10~20%.
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| CN113016544A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 盐城市蔬菜技术指导站(盐城市蔬菜研究所) | Cultivation method of hotbed chives in coastal region |
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