CN108083931A - A kind of soilless culture substrate of organic strawberry - Google Patents
A kind of soilless culture substrate of organic strawberry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108083931A CN108083931A CN201611022695.9A CN201611022695A CN108083931A CN 108083931 A CN108083931 A CN 108083931A CN 201611022695 A CN201611022695 A CN 201611022695A CN 108083931 A CN108083931 A CN 108083931A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- matrix
- soilless culture
- culture substrate
- parts
- strawberry
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of soilless culture substrate of organic strawberry, and the matrix is compounded by the component of volumes below number, and the component includes：3~5 parts of Lignitic Humic Acid powder, 8~10 parts of peat, 1~2 part of calcium magnesium phosphate, 2~4 parts of vermiculite, 2~4 parts of perlite.The existing direct material supply of matrix formulations provided by the invention, energy supply of long duration nutrient again also containing pure natural organic matter composition, can meet fertility requirement of the strawberry growth to matrix, using substrate culture organic strawberry of the present invention, the yield and quality of strawberry can be significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soilless culture substrates, and in particular to a kind of soilless culture substrate of organic strawberry.
Background technology
Soilless culture due to it from natural sulfur reservoir, controllable degree height, good product quality, the characteristics such as economize on resources increasingly
It is pursued, during soilless culture, matrix plays decisive role, can effectively fix plant, keep water nutrition, is logical
Air permeable, protection root system, therefore, the reasonable disposition of matrix is all most important to the ultimate output and quality of product.At present, China
Cultivation technique without soil also in being put into practice when groping during, research in this respect is not much, and is matched somebody with somebody at present for matrix
The selection of side is not also very ripe, and it is immature to cause cultivation technique without soil, and Productive statistics are big, low output.
Turf carbon-nitrogen ratio is low or medium, and organic matter and total nitrogen content are high, and aeration is strong, and water-holding capacity is big, and body is light, is the world
One of upper generally acknowledged best soilless culture substrate, but for strawberry cultivating, water-holding capacity is a shortcoming greatly.Strawberry is afraid of
Flood, the water-holding capacity of turf is unfavorable to the growth of strawberry root system greatly, easy anoxic, survival rate relative reduction.
In recent years, the domestic cultivation matrix exploitation for organic strawberry was concentrated mainly on the Harmless of discarded organic material
It is cost-effective to achieve the purpose that.But the soilless culture material obtained by this method is often because raw material sources and quality
Unstability cause soilless culture substrate physicochemical character generate variation.Meanwhile the strawberry produced in this way, second
Pest and disease damage incidence is higher when being planted after year, and reason is the innoxious material that compost obtains, in the environment microbial action
Under the rate decomposed again it is very fast, C/N is made to be more conducive to various microorganisms growths than reducing, therefore cause strawberry continuous cropping disease incidence
Exacerbation year by year, this drastically influences the quality of organic strawberry.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the application provides a kind of pure natural matrix for the yield and quality that can improve strawberry.
For solution more than technical problem, technical solution provided by the invention is a kind of soilless culture substrate of organic strawberry,
It is characterized in that, the matrix is compounded by the component of volumes below number, the component includes：Lignitic Humic Acid powder 3~5
Part, 8~10 parts of peat, 1~2 part of calcium magnesium phosphate, 2~4 parts of vermiculite, 2~4 parts of perlite, the physicochemical property of the matrix is pH
It is worth for 5~7, electrical conductivity EC values are 0.3~0.8ms/cm, overall porosity 50%~80%, macroporosity 25%~35%, C/N
For 25~32.
It is furthermore preferred that the matrix is compounded by the component of volumes below number, the component includes：Lignitic Humic Acid
4 parts of powder, 9 parts of peat, 1 part of calcium magnesium phosphate, 3 parts of vermiculite, 3 parts of perlite, the physicochemical property of the matrix is that pH is 5.5~6.7,
Electrical conductivity EC values are 0.3~0.8, overall porosity 50%~80%, macroporosity 25%~35%, and C/N is 25~32.
Preferably, the Lignitic Humic Acid powder selects the content of organic matter to be more than 80%, and content of humic acid is more than 5%, granularity
For the Lignitic Humic Acid powder of 60 mesh.
Preferably, the peat selects total N content to be more than the mud that 2%, effective P content is more than 1% more than 3%, K contents
Charcoal.
Preferably, the pH value of the peat<6, electrical conductivity EC<0.8ms/cm, unit weight<0.2g/cm3。
Preferably, the content of organic matter of the matrix is 40%~50%, and effective N content is 1%~1.5%, and effective P contains
It measures as 3%~3.5%.Effective K contents are 0.5%~1.0%.
It is furthermore preferred that the content of organic matter of the matrix is 45%, effective N content is 1.24%, and effective P content is
3.09%.Effective K contents are 0.72%.
Preferably, the matrix need to add in EM bacterium dilution and ferment 7~10 days.
It ferments 7 days it is furthermore preferred that the matrix need to add in EM bacterium dilution.
Preferably, it is (50~120) mL/m that EM bacterium the amount of stoste is added in the matrix3Matrix, wherein effective microbe number
For 30,000,000,000 cfu/ml.
It is furthermore preferred that it is 100mL/m that EM bacterium the amount of stoste is added in the matrix3Matrix, wherein effective microbe number are 300
Hundred million cfu/ml.
Preferably, the EM bacterium dilution is diluted with water 50~150 times by EM bacterium stostes and obtains.
It is obtained it is furthermore preferred that the EM bacterium dilution is diluted with water 100 times by EM bacterium stostes.
Compared with prior art, detailed description are as follows by the application：
Humic acid is animals and plants remains, mainly the remains of plant, by the decomposition and conversion of microorganism and a series of
A kind of organic substance for accumulating of chemical process.It is that the macromolecule being made of aromatic series and its a variety of functional groups is organic
Acid, there is good physiological activity and absorption, complexing, exchange etc..It is widely present in soil, lake, river, ocean with
And in peat (also known as turf), lignite, weathered coal.Humic acid original powder (bioactive additive of compound fertilizer), is a kind of knot
The natural polymer organic polymer of structure complexity contains substantial amounts of carboxyl, quinonyl and phenolic hydroxyl group active group.In appearance to be brown black
Toner shape is granular, is insoluble in water, in faintly acid；Grain size：2~5mm；Fineness：40~60 mesh.For humic acid fertilizer, nitro
The raw material of humic acid, humate series of products can make soil conditioner, plant growth stimulator and fertilizer promoting agent etc., change
Good low productive soil；Improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer；Stimulate growth and development of plants；The anti-adversity of crop can be increased；It improves
Quality of agricultural product.The present invention is more than 80% using the content of organic matter, and content of humic acid is more than 5%, and granularity is brown for 60 purposes
Coal humic acid powder.
Peat, also known as turf, peat soil, black earth, the form of mud coal and humic coal series most original, peat be
Accumulation is formed in peat bath pool, later under the conditions of the pressure of overlying sediments object and further fungi degradation：It is sterile, nontoxic, without dirt
Dye, venting capability is good, and light, water holding, fertilizer conservation are conducive to microbial activities, enhances biological property, full of nutrition, is both cultivation
Matrix, the good soil conditioner of advantage, and contain very high organic matter, humic acid and nutritional ingredient.
Vermiculite is a kind of product of natural minerals after high-temperature expansion.Rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, aluminium, iron, magnesium, silicate
Wait compositions.Vermiculite has higher layer charge number, therefore with higher cation exchange capacity and stronger cation exch ange adsorption
Ability.The features such as vermiculite is used for substrate culture, has chesson, and good permeability, water absorbing force is strong, and temperature change is small, is conducive to
The growth of crop can also reduce the input of fertilizer.Vermiculite can be effectively promoted plant root growth, provide plant life for a long time
Long required moisture and nutrition, increase yield.
Perlite is product of a kind of or natural minerals after high temperature action expansion.It is that a kind of white or canescence are more
The granular material in hole has countless irregular airtight air vents, and honeycomb structure is very flourishing, has adsorptivity, water imbibition, breathes freely
Property, sponginess, soil moisture conservation property, storage (fertilizer, water) property and aseptic etc. integrate good characteristic.In addition, its own contain it is a certain amount of
The indispensable trace element of the plants such as titanium, manganese, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, silicon, calcium institute, this is exactly crop growthing development and provides very
Good condition has apparent soil improvement, adjusts soil hardening, improves water retention, retentiveness, notice fertilizer efficiency and fertilizer degree
Etc. the effect of.
Calcium magnesium phosphate is also known as melted containing magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer, is that one kind contains phosphate radical (PO4 3-) sillico aluminate glass body.Mainly
Ingredient includes Ca3(PO4)2、CaSiO3、MgSiO3.It is a kind of multi-element fertilizer, aqueous solution can improve acid soil, train in alkalescence
Educate fine as base fertilizer effect during seedlings, plant being capable of nutrient needed for slow-absorbing.Calcium magnesium phosphate not only provides 12%~18%
Low phosphorus, moreover it is possible to substantial amounts of silicon, calcium, magnesium are provided.
EM bacterium generally comprise photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria etc. beneficial to mushroom for a kind of Mixed Microbes.Available for food additive
Add, the farming disease harms prevention, soil improvement, strong plantlets and rootage, waste water control etc..
The present invention forms the rational skeleton structure of strawberry soilless culture substrate using peat, vermiculite, perlite first, herein
On the basis of with Lignitic Humic Acid improve content of humic acid in matrix, adjust matrix C/N to prevent the too fast growth of microorganism, reduce
The generation of pathogen and the growth for improving nutrient holding capacity, stimulation strawberry root hair.Since strawberry growth fertilizer requirement is larger, and base
Matter pH<7, good fertilizer supplementary function can be played by adding in appropriate calcium magnesium phosphate, can either be ensured fertilizer abundance, and can be subtracted
The further acidifying of slow matrix, root diseases caused by preventing cultivation matrix peracid occur.After the completion of above step, pass through conjunction
Reason further promotes beneficial microbe to occupy ecological niche using EM bacteria agent, harmful microbe living space is compressed, for disease
For extremely more strawberries, disease caused by preventing microorganism plays the good action worked along both lines；Meanwhile have in cultivation matrix
Increasing for beneficial microorganism is more beneficial to generate the solable matter that strawberry is stimulated to grow, and has preferably for improving strawberry quality
Effect.
The formula composition that the present invention uses all is lightweight composition, is easy to implement strawberry production Labor-saving and lighting.Ben Ji
Matter formula combines the features such as water-retaining property, gas permeability and fixation, disclosure satisfy that desired physical considerations of the strawberry growth to matrix.
The existing direct material supply of this matrix formulations, and energy supply of long duration nutrient, also containing organic matter composition, can meet strawberry growth pair
The fertility requirement of matrix.Contain a large amount of natural biological excitor substances such as humic acid, amino acid, nucleosides in matrix of the present invention simultaneously
The substances such as sugar, vitamin can stimulate strawberry root growth, enhancing strawberry physiological function, improve strawberry quality.The present invention uses
Adjust matrix physical arrangement, C/N, pH and culture beneficial microorganism method reduces strawberry soilless culture disease incidence to comprehensive
Play remarkable result.All raw materials of the present invention, which directly can be bought or process, to be obtained, of low cost, is planted using matrix of the present invention
Strawberry, output increased 10% are trained, sugariness increases by 5%, and malformed fruit incidence reduces by 7%, and pest and disease damage substantially reduces.
Specific embodiment
In order to which those skilled in the art is made to more fully understand technical scheme, with reference to specific embodiment pair
The present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
In terms of volume parts, 3 parts of raw material Lignitic Humic Acid powder, 8 parts of peat, 1 part of calcium magnesium phosphate, 2 parts of vermiculite, perlite 2
Part is uniformly mixed, and the EM bacterium dilution fermentation that 150 times of dilution is added in mixed-matrix obtains soilless culture substrate in 10 days.
Embodiment 2
In terms of volume parts, 4 parts of raw material Lignitic Humic Acid powder, 9 parts of peat, 1 part of calcium magnesium phosphate, 3 parts of vermiculite, perlite 3
Part is uniformly mixed, and the EM bacterium dilution fermentation that 100 times of dilution is added in mixed-matrix obtains soilless culture substrate in 7 days.
Embodiment 3
In terms of volume parts, 5 parts of raw material Lignitic Humic Acid powder, 10 parts of peat, 2 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 4 parts of vermiculite, perlite 4
Part is uniformly mixed, and the EM bacterium dilution fermentation that 50 times of dilution is added in mixed-matrix obtains soilless culture substrate in 7 days.
Reference examples 1
In terms of volume parts, including 4 parts of peat, 2 parts of vermiculite, 1 part of perlite, every cube of mixture adds in Controlled Release Fertilizer 1kg,
After mixing into strawberry cultivation substrate.
The physicochemical property of 1 formulation media of table
Embodiment 4
Using strawberry soilless culture substrate prepared by embodiment 1,2,3 and traditional soilless culture substrate collective effect and grass
The certain kind of berries is cultivated, and contrast test is as follows：
Cultivation step uses beam-connected greenhouse, and planting type uses overhead trough cultivation, resident time September in 2015 25 days,
Strawberry cultivation substrate was tiled into cultivation bed in 2~3 days before field planting, ensure spacing in the rows 20-25cm during field planting, refer to after Routine Management
The results are shown in Table 1 for mark：
The yield of strawberry index of the different soilless culture substrate cultivations of table 2
By table 2, the strawberry indices that formula cultivation provided by the invention obtains all are higher than traditional culture medium
The strawberry of matter cultivation.
It the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
The limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to claim limited range.For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these change
Protection scope of the present invention is also should be regarded as into retouching.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of soilless culture substrate of organic strawberry, which is characterized in that the matrix is compounded by the component of volumes below number
It forms, the component includes：3~5 parts of Lignitic Humic Acid powder, 8~10 parts of peat, 1~2 part of calcium magnesium phosphate, 2~4 parts of vermiculite, treasure
2~4 parts of pearl rock.
2. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the physicochemical property of the matrix be pH be 5~
7, electrical conductivity EC value are 0.3~0.8ms/cm, total porosity 50%~80%, macroporosity 25%~35%, C/N for 25~
32。
3. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lignite selects the content of organic matter to be more than
80%, content of humic acid is more than 5%, and granularity is the Lignitic Humic Acid powder of 60 mesh.
4. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the peat selects total nitrogen content to be more than 2%,
Available phosphorus content is more than 3%, and potassium content is more than 1% peat.
5. soilless culture substrate according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the pH value of the peat<6, electrical conductivity EC<
0.8ms/cm, unit weight<0.2g/cm3。
6. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the content of organic matter of the matrix for 40%~
50%, effective N content is 1%~1.5%, and effective P content is 3%~3.5%, and effective K contents are 0.5%~1.0%.
7. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the matrix need to add in the fermentation of EM bacterium dilution
7~10 days.
8. soilless culture substrate according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the EM bacterium dilution adds water by EM bacterium stostes
50~150 times of dilution obtains.
9. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that EM bacterium the amount of stoste is added in the matrix is
(50~120) mL/m3Matrix.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611022695.9A CN108083931A (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2016-11-21 | A kind of soilless culture substrate of organic strawberry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611022695.9A CN108083931A (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2016-11-21 | A kind of soilless culture substrate of organic strawberry |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108083931A true CN108083931A (en) | 2018-05-29 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611022695.9A Pending CN108083931A (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2016-11-21 | A kind of soilless culture substrate of organic strawberry |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109392656A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-03-01 | 泓森林业有限公司 | A kind of seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN109479672A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of strawberry draws slotting seedling medium |
| CN112616618A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-09 | 沈阳鑫旗丰科技有限公司 | Strawberry culture medium formula |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109392656A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-03-01 | 泓森林业有限公司 | A kind of seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN109479672A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of strawberry draws slotting seedling medium |
| CN112616618A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-09 | 沈阳鑫旗丰科技有限公司 | Strawberry culture medium formula |
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Application publication date: 20180529 |