CN106718715A - For the matrix of planting strawberry - Google Patents
For the matrix of planting strawberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718715A CN106718715A CN201611001721.XA CN201611001721A CN106718715A CN 106718715 A CN106718715 A CN 106718715A CN 201611001721 A CN201611001721 A CN 201611001721A CN 106718715 A CN106718715 A CN 106718715A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of matrix for planting strawberry, the matrix includes following components：Turf, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite and perlite, wherein, the content of said components is respectively：The content of turf is 1~2 parts by volume；The content of coconut palm chaff is 1~2 parts by volume；The content of vermiculite is 1~2 parts by volume；The content of perlite is 1~2 parts by volume.The organic fertilizer of 15kg 25kg and the marine alga slag of 5kg 9kg are added in the mixture of every cubic metre of said components.The raw material of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention is easily obtained, the carrying out of inorganic matrix and organic substrate can be cooperated in different proportions, agricultural wastes are not only effectively utilized, the pollution to environment is reduced, and be effectively saved non-renewable resources.Matrix of the invention ensure that the nutrient content of matrix formulations, effectively increase using the yield and quality of this substrate culture strawberry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation matrix, more particularly, to a kind of cultivation matrix for planting strawberry.
Background technology
Background of related of the invention is illustrated below, but these explanation might not constitute it is of the invention existing
Technology.
Strawberry is perennial root herbaceous plant, belongs to berries crop, and yield occupies in the production of world's small berries
It is the first.Strawberry is also the Important Economic crop of China, is counted according to Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, and China has accounted for generation within 2012
The 42% of boundary's strawberry sown area, the 61% of world's Yield of Strawberry.Therefore, strawberry cultivating is played the part of in China's economic crop-planting
Considerable role.
During using the agricultural facilities such as greenhouse plantation strawberry, the problem with soil cultivation progressively manifests, without soil
The development of cultivation progressively attracts attention.Soilless culture refers to straight with nutrient solution or solid matrix Ensure Liquid liquid without natural soil
The method that the necessary nutrient raise crop that grows is provided to plant is connect, soilless culture can avoid soil cultivation mistake
The problems such as continuous cropping obstacle, soil-borne disease, crop yield quality decline for occurring in journey.The mode of soilless culture mainly has matrix to plant
Training and water planting, using more extensive for matrix culture.The species and usage amount of the matrix in substrate culture determine crop
Growth, conventional matrix type has turf, vermiculite, perlite, rock wool etc..
In recent years, the cultivation of strawberry and research is paid close attention to by people from all walks of life, and at present, strawberry cultivating is still using conventional
Soil cultivation, generally in a greenhouse or greenhouse year continuously plantation the strawberry several years, soil texture deteriorate, soil-borne disease it is tight
Weight, forms continuous cropping obstacle, reduces the yield and productivity effect of strawberry.Particularly in Suburb Areas of Big Cities, it is fast that strawberry plucks development
Suddenly, strawberry growing without soil is highly efficient and productive, standard, safe and high-end, is welcome by citizen, and soilless culture will be as strawberry cultivating
Main development direction.The soilless culture of strawberry mainly uses substrate culture, so the matrix that plantation strawberry is applied turns into very
The object of many people's researchs.As this non-renewable matrix of turf as described above is during long-term use, can be developed
The amount for using is fewer and feweri, thus find proterties, function therewith it is similar and can replace its as plantation strawberry main base
Matter turns into the problem that many people consider.
It is of the invention then be directed to above-mentioned problem, propose a kind of new-type cultivation base that can replace non-renewable resources
Matter, so as to reduce degree of dependence of the strawberry cultivating to non-renewable resources.
The content of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of use for solving the above problems
In the matrix formulations of planting strawberry.The present invention partly substitutes turf using a kind of New-type matrix material coconut palm chaff to carry out strawberry
Plantation, and analyze the indexs such as the yield of strawberry, quality and prove its effect and use value, and provide a kind of suitable
The matrix formulations of strawberry cultivating.
A kind of embodiments in accordance with the present invention, there is provided matrix for planting strawberry, the matrix includes following components：It is i.e. careless
Charcoal, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite and perlite, wherein, the content of the component is respectively：The content of turf is 1~2 parts by volume；Coconut palm chaff
Content is 1~2 parts by volume；The content of vermiculite is 1~2 parts by volume；The content of perlite is 1~2 parts by volume.Further, exist
The organic fertilizer of 15kg-25kg and the marine alga slag of 5kg-9kg are added in the mixture of every cubic metre of said components.
The raw material of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention is easily obtained, can in different proportions by inorganic base
The carrying out of matter and organic substrate cooperates, and is not only effectively utilized agricultural wastes, such as coconut palm chaff and marine alga slag, and it is right to reduce
The pollution of environment, and be effectively saved non-renewable resources, such as turf.Additionally, matrix of the invention ensure that base
The nutrient content of matter formula, effectively increases using the yield and quality of this substrate culture strawberry.
It is above-mentioned at every cubic metre in a preferred embodiment of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention
The organic fertilizer of 20kg is added in the mixture of component.
Another preferred embodiment of matrix for planting strawberry of the invention, at above-mentioned group of every cubic metre
The marine alga slag of 6.67kg is added in the mixture for dividing.
In another preferred embodiment of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention, the particle diameter of turf is
10mm~25mm.
An also preferred embodiment of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention, the particle diameter of vermiculite for 2mm~
5mm。
In another preferred embodiment of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention, the fibre length of coconut palm chaff
It is 5mm~15mm.
Another preferred embodiment of matrix for planting strawberry of the invention, the particle diameter of perlite is 3mm
~5mm.
In another preferred embodiment of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention, the carbon that organic matter becomes thoroughly decomposed
Nitrogen ratio is 25:1.
Matrix for planting strawberry of the invention is highly susceptible to obtaining due to its component raw material, therefore this matrix
Cost it is relatively low.The matrix in different proportions can effectively be matched inorganic matrix and organic substrate, not only be saved
Non-renewable resources, such as turf, also efficiently utilize agricultural wastes, such as coconut palm chaff and marine alga slag, reduce environment dirty
Dye.Strawberry cultivation substrate of the invention can be widely used in cultivation by conduit, posture cultivation, hanging bag type cultivation and other
Soilless Culture Methods.
Specific embodiment
Illustrative embodiments of the invention are described in detail below.Description to illustrative embodiments is only
For illustration purposes, it is definitely not to the present invention and its application or the limitation of usage.
The present invention proposes a kind of improved matrix for planting strawberry, and the matrix can reduce strawberry cultivating family for soil
The heavy dependence of earth cultivation, can also reduce the demand to non-renewable matrix resource by using new matrix components in addition
Amount.
The present invention proposes a kind of matrix for planting strawberry, and the matrix includes following components：That is turf, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite
And perlite, wherein, the volume content of said components is respectively：The content of turf is 1~2 parts by volume, the content of coconut palm chaff for 1~
2 parts by volume, the content of vermiculite is 1~2 parts by volume, and the content of perlite is 1~2 parts by volume.Such as, can purchase from the market
Turf, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite and perlite, then take turf, the coconut palm chaff of 1~2 parts by volume, 1~2 parts by volume of 1~2 parts by volume respectively
Vermiculite and 1~2 parts by volume perlite, various components are sufficiently mixed, then, in every cubic metre of said components
The organic fertilizer of 15kg-25kg and the marine alga slag of 5kg-9kg are added in mixture.By the mixing of turf, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite and perlite
Thing be added to organic fertilizer therein and marine alga slag is thoroughly mixed, you can obtain according to of the present invention for planting
Train the matrix of strawberry.Matrix for planting strawberry of the invention can be by the mixed of turf, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite and perlite
Compound provides water conservation and ventilation effect, and organic fertilizer and marine alga slag by being added thereto for strawberry provides for the strawberry planted
Nutritional ingredient needed for its growth.
In this respect it is to be noted that the physical and chemical index of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention is as follows, i.e. the base
The unit weight of matter is 0.18g/cm3~0.32g/cm3, its water content is 35%~55%, the total porosity of the matrix for 55%~
70%, its EC value is 0.9ms/cm~2ms/cm, and pH value is 5.5~7.5.Matrix for planting strawberry of the invention is
Light weight, loose, the preferable granular solids of water imbibition.
Herein it should be noted that so-called turf, also known as peat or mud coal, it is to pile up to be formed in peat bog
, contain substantial amounts of moisture and the plant residue not decomposed thoroughly, humus and a part of mineral matter.The content of organic matter exists
More than 30%, quality is soft to be easy to fragmentary, and proportion is 0.7~1.05, generally brown or black, both can be as cultivation base
Matter, is again good soil conditioner.In the matrix for planting strawberry cultivated according to the present invention, the turf for being used
Specification is that the particle diameter of the fiber with 10mm~25mm long, i.e. turf is 10mm~25mm.
Vermiculite specifically described herein is a kind of natural, nontoxic mineral matter, is also that can be expanded under high temperature action
Mineral.Vermiculite in agricultural production can as soil conditioner, because it has good cation exchange and adsorptivity,
The structure of soil can be improved, retained and conserved soil moisture, improve the gas permeability and the property of water-bearing of soil.May be used also when vermiculite is used as cultivation matrix
To provide to crop the elements such as Mn, Cu, Zn in K, Mg, Ca, Fe and trace element for itself containing.Trained according to the present invention
In the matrix for planting strawberry planted, the particle diameter of the vermiculite for being used is 2mm~5mm.
Component perlite according to the matrix for planting strawberry of the present invention is that a kind of acidity of volcanic eruption melts
Rock, the glassy rock for being through quick refrigeration is a kind of white or the hollow shot-like particle of canescence, with countless irregular
Airtight air vent, alveolate texture is very flourishing, with good characteristics such as adsorptivity, water imbibition, gas permeability water-retaining propertys.According to this hair
In the matrix for planting strawberry of bright cultivation, the particle diameter of the perlite for being used is 3mm~5mm.
Component coconut palm chaff according to the matrix for planting strawberry of the present invention is cocoanut husk fiber dust, is from coconut palm
A kind of natural organic substance under being come off in subshell fiber process, through processing after coconut palm chaff be very suitable for cultivation
Plant, is horticultural media popular at present.Coconut palm chaff quality is loose, space big, unit weight is smaller, and its unit weight is between 0.1g/cm3
~0.25g/cm3Between.In the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention, the cation exchange capacity of the coconut palm chaff for being used
Between 32.40mo l/hg~55.00mo l/hg, it has stronger physical and chemical adsorption ability to value scope, it is ensured that coconut palm
The Optimality of furfuryl group matter.Coconut palm chaff can fully keep moisture and nutrient, and prevent due to its good water-retaining property, gas permeability
Root system of plant rots, and promotes plant root growth, and coconut palm chaff has slow natural decomposition rate in addition, is conducive to extending making for matrix
Use the phase.The fibre length of the coconut palm chaff used for the matrix of planting strawberry cultivated according to the present invention is 5mm~15mm.
It is the processing waste material of marine alga for the marine alga slag in the matrix of planting strawberry.Marine alga be grown in it is low in ocean
Plant, rich in the physiology such as protein, amino acid, vitamin, algin and a small amount of magnesium, plant hormone, polyphenol and polysaccharide
Active material.Marine alga can produce substantial amounts of discarded object-marine alga slag when being processed, and it contains crude protein about 20%, and crude fibre is about
50%, ash content about 3%.Organic fertilizer is produced using marine alga slag, marine alga slag can promote crop yield and precocity, improve plant
Photosynthesis, strengthens plant stress-resistance ability and Saline alkali tolerance.When soilless culture is carried out, appropriate addition marine alga slag is conducive to crop
Growth.Herein can be to adding in the mixture of the turf of strawberry cultivation substrate of the invention, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite and perlite
Plus marine alga slag, can by the control of the addition of marine alga slag every cubic metre of 5kg-9kg mixture, i.e., in every cubic metre of mixing
The marine alga slag of 5kg-9kg is added in thing.
Further, it is by chicken manure, cow dung and stalk, miscellaneous according to the organic fertilizer for planting strawberry of the present invention
The stack rettings such as grass become thoroughly decomposed, and digest process is more long, it is ensured that appropriate moisture content and temperature, main in addition also to need to control the suitable of organic fertilizer
Carbon-nitrogen ratio, the carbon-nitrogen ratio requirement typically become thoroughly decomposed to organic matter is for 25:1.The sepia that organic fertilizer after becoming thoroughly decomposed is presented, more pine
Dissipate, gas permeability is preferable.In adding it to matrix in soilless culture, the nutrient content of matrix can be improved, be conducive to crop
Growth.Herein can be to adding in the mixture of the turf of strawberry cultivation substrate of the invention, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite and perlite
Plus organic fertilizer as described above, can by the control of the addition of organic fertilizer every cubic metre of 15kg-25kg mixture, i.e., every
The organic fertilizer of 15kg-25kg is added in the mixture of cubic meter.
The raw material of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention is easily obtained, can in different proportions by inorganic base
The carrying out of matter and organic substrate cooperates, and is not only effectively utilized discarded object, reduces the pollution to environment, and ensure that
The nutrient content of matrix formulations, effectively increases using the survival rate and quality of this substrate culture strawberry, and above matrix can quilt
It is widely used in the Soilless Culture Methods such as cultivation by conduit, posture cultivation, hanging bag type cultivation.
The effect of the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention is verified below by way of experiment.It is right by two
According to the facts test carries out the embodiment of strawberry cultivating to cultivated strawberry base of the invention with two use matrix of the invention
Matter is illustrated.
Control 1：
It is formulated using traditional strawberry soilless culture substrate in control experiment 1, the matrix includes turf, 1 of 2 parts by volume
The perlite of the vermiculite of parts by volume and 1 parts by volume, wherein adding the fertilizer such as organic fertilizer according to conventional formulation mode.Further,
The particle diameter of the turf in the matrix is 10mm~25mm, and the particle diameter of vermiculite is 2mm~5mm, and the particle diameter of perlite is 3mm~5mm.
Cultivated strawberry experiment is carried out using matrix as described above, in 10m2The first experimental plot in carry out the planting experiment of strawberry,
Conventionally strawberry is irrigated in experimentation.
Control 2：
It is formulated using traditional strawberry soilless culture substrate in control experiment 2, the matrix includes turf, 1 of 1 parts by volume
The perlite of the vermiculite of parts by volume and 1 parts by volume, wherein adding the fertilizer such as organic fertilizer according to conventional formulation mode.Further,
The matrix uses the perlite of the turf, the vermiculite of 2mm~5mm particle diameters and 3mm~5mm particle diameters of 10mm~25mm particle diameters.Profit
Cultivated strawberry experiment is carried out with matrix as described above, in 10m2The second experimental plot in carry out the planting experiment of strawberry, in reality
Conventionally strawberry is irrigated during testing.
Embodiment 1：
Using the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention, the matrix in embodiment 1 includes the grass of 1 parts by volume
The perlite of charcoal, the coconut palm chaff of 1 parts by volume, the vermiculite of 1 parts by volume and 1 parts by volume.Wherein, the particle diameter of the turf for being used for
10mm~25mm, the fibre length of the coconut palm chaff for being used is 5mm~15mm, and the particle diameter of the vermiculite for being used is 2mm~5mm, institute
The particle diameter of the perlite of use is 3mm~5mm.In the mixture of every cubic metre of said components add 20kg organic fertilizer and
The marine alga slag of 7kg.Cultivated strawberry experiment is carried out using matrix of the invention as described above, in 10m2The 3rd experimental plot
In carry out the planting experiment of strawberry, conventionally strawberry is irrigated in experimentation.
Embodiment 2：
Using the matrix for planting strawberry of the invention, the matrix in example 2 includes the grass of 1 parts by volume
The perlite of charcoal, the coconut palm chaff of 1 parts by volume, the vermiculite of 2 parts by volume and 2 parts by volume.Wherein, the particle diameter of the turf for being used for
10mm~25mm, the fibre length of the coconut palm chaff for being used is 5mm~15mm, and the particle diameter of the vermiculite for being used is 2mm~5mm, institute
The particle diameter of the perlite of use is 3mm~5mm.In the mixture of every cubic metre of said components add 22kg organic fertilizer and
The marine alga slag of 6.67kg.Cultivated strawberry experiment is carried out using matrix of the invention as described above, in 10m2The 4th examination
Testing Tanaka carries out the planting experiment of strawberry, and conventionally strawberry is irrigated in experimentation.
Cultivating facility uses heliogreenhouse, planting type to use small movable solid cultivation system, resident time
Be fitted into strawberry cultivation substrate in cultivation pipeline by September 6th, 2015, field planting first half of the month, and field planting spacing in the rows is 18cm~20cm.Through
Yield of Strawberry, index of quality measurement result after Routine Management results is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
By table 1：The product of the strawberry (embodiment 1 and embodiment 2) planted using cultivation matrix of the invention
Amount and quality are all better than the yield and quality of the strawberry (control 1 and control 2) cultivated using traditional matrices formula substantially.
Component raw material according to the matrix for planting strawberry of the present invention is highly susceptible to obtaining, and it can be with difference
Ratio inorganic matrix and organic substrate are effectively matched, not only saved non-renewable resources, such as turf, it is also effective
Make use of agricultural wastes, such as coconut palm chaff and marine alga slag, reduce environmental pollution.It will also ensure that the nutrition of matrix formulations
Content, effectively increases the yield and quality of strawberry.Strawberry cultivation substrate of the invention can be widely used in pipeline cultivation
Training, posture cultivation, hanging bag type cultivation and other Soilless Culture Methods.
Although with reference to illustrative embodiments, invention has been described, but it is to be understood that the present invention does not limit to
The specific embodiment that Yu Wenzhong is described in detail and shown, in the case of without departing from claims limited range, this
Art personnel can make various changes to the illustrative embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of matrix for planting strawberry, the matrix includes following components：Turf, coconut palm chaff, vermiculite and perlite, its
In, the content of the component is respectively：
The content of the turf is 1~2 parts by volume；
The content of the coconut palm chaff is 1~2 parts by volume；
The content of the vermiculite is 1~2 parts by volume；
The content of the perlite is 1~2 parts by volume；
Characterized in that, adding the organic fertilizer and 5kg-9kg of 15kg-25kg in the mixture of every cubic metre of said components
Marine alga slag.
2. the matrix for planting strawberry according to claim 1, wherein, in the mixture of every cubic metre of said components
The organic fertilizer of middle addition 20kg.
3. the matrix for planting strawberry according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, in the mixed of every cubic metre of said components
The marine alga slag of 6.67kg is added in compound.
4. the matrix for planting strawberry according to claim 1, wherein, the particle diameter of the turf is 10mm~25mm.
5. the matrix for planting strawberry according to claim 1, wherein, the particle diameter of the vermiculite is 2mm~5mm.
6. the matrix for planting strawberry according to claim 1, wherein, the fibre length of the coconut palm chaff for 5mm~
15mm。
7. the matrix for planting strawberry according to claim 1, wherein, the particle diameter of the perlite is 3mm~5mm.
8. the matrix for planting strawberry according to claim 1, wherein, the carbon-nitrogen ratio that the organic matter becomes thoroughly decomposed is 25:
1。
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| CN115362889A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-11-22 | 宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心（宁夏农业生物技术重点实验室） | Method for interplanting strawberry and morchella |
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| CN111492962A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-08-07 | 农业农村部规划设计研究院 | Strawberry culture medium and application thereof |
| CN111528090A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-14 | 天津农学院 | Strawberry tissue culture seedling hardening matrix for improving hardening quality of strawberry tissue culture seedlings and preparation and use methods and application thereof |
| CN112868497A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-06-01 | 杨凌职业技术学院 | EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium matrix for strawberry planting |
| CN113796284A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-12-17 | 扬州润江生态农业有限公司 | Agricultural organic cultivation medium |
| CN113924944A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2022-01-14 | 刘克锋 | Three-dimensional potted plant substrate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113924944B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-02-21 | 刘克锋 | Three-dimensional potted plant substrate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115362889A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-11-22 | 宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心（宁夏农业生物技术重点实验室） | Method for interplanting strawberry and morchella |
| CN116138131A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-05-23 | 云南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所 | Strawberry overhead cultivation medium and cultivation method adopting same |
| CN116138131B (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-10-24 | 云南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所 | Strawberry overhead cultivation medium and cultivation method adopting same |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |