CN105330440B - Paddy drought seedling matrix and its production method - Google Patents
Paddy drought seedling matrix and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105330440B CN105330440B CN201510880426.5A CN201510880426A CN105330440B CN 105330440 B CN105330440 B CN 105330440B CN 201510880426 A CN201510880426 A CN 201510880426A CN 105330440 B CN105330440 B CN 105330440B
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Abstract
A kind of paddy drought seedling matrix, belongs to agricultural technology field.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of using industrial tailings, agricultural wastes as raw material, is suitble to paddy drought seedling matrix and preparation method thereof.The present invention constitutes the parts by weight of formula are as follows: diatomite tailing, bentonite, charcoal, vermiculite, organic fertilizer, fertilizer.The present invention utilizes from a wealth of sources, low-cost diatomite tailing replaces soil, cooperate other raw materials of suitable proportion, a kind of manufactured paddy drought seedling matrix, matrix of the present invention has many advantages, such as that retain water and nutrients, resiliency are big, breathes freely, heats, nutrition is balanced, matrix bulk density is small, convenient transportation, simple process, easy to operate, labor intensity is low, without soil-borne disease, seedling quality is good, seedling cost is low, is easy management；Raising rice seedlings are carried out using paddy drought seedling matrix of the invention, agriculture and industry waste resource is not only set to be fully used, but also no replacement is required and existing seedling equipment is transformed, peasant receives fast, it can be directly realized by technology transition, be suitable for family's seedling, industrial sprout cultivation, machine rice transplantation and transplanting rice seedling by hand.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology fields.
Background technique
Rice is one of China's staple food crop, and recent years, with the further expansion of Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area, China is passed
System takes native seedling raising method to gradually appear the obstacle for being difficult to go beyond.On the one hand, it arbitrarily takes soil that can aggravate the consumption of soil resource, breaks
Bad topsoil, thus soil is nowhere taken, become the maximum seedling problem of peasant, on the other hand, because taking soil amount big, if all from nature
Soil is taken, ecological environment is necessarily destroyed, this conflicts again with ecological protection, and this contradiction has been more and more obvious, as because taking
The problems such as good farmland mountainous region ecological disruption caused by soil and soil erosion.
In addition, traditional seedling raising method seedling quality is difficult to ensure.Since bed soil for raising seedlings is mostly derived from field, by pesticide
And herbicide influences seriously, and requirement of the raising rice seedlings to bed soil is stringent, water and fertilizer management is many and diverse in addition, disease pest and weed prevention and control
Technology processed is high, difficulty is big, and careless slightly will occur bacterial wilt, damping-off etc. often seedling is caused to fail, not only waste of manpower
Material resources, it is also possible to delay farming season, lead to grain drop in production.
The shortcomings that artificial seedling raising ground substance then can solve traditional seedling, and also there are retain water and nutrients, nutrient to coordinate,
The advantages that permeability is good, no disease and pests harm, good heat insulating.
Such as: it is disclosed in Chinese patent CN200910029966.7 a kind of using agriculture and forestry organic waste material as material, rice machine
The seedling raising ground substance and its production method of tool rice transplanting, through multiple beneficial microbial fermentation, with fertilizer slow release, binder, water-retaining agent
It is configured to organic substrate, but its complex process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of using industrial tailings, agricultural wastes as raw material, is suitble to paddy drought seedling
Matrix and preparation method thereof.
The present invention constitutes the parts by weight of formula are as follows:
Diatomite tailing 30-50
Bentonite 10-30
Charcoal 3-20
Vermiculite 20-30
Organic fertilizer 7-20
Fertilizer 0.12-1.5.
Diatomite tailing of the present invention is the diatomite that diatomite ore is discarded, by diatomite professional standard JC/T414-
2000 classification standards are three-level diatomite.
Fertilizer of the present invention contains nitrogenous fertilizer 0.2-0.3, phosphate fertilizer 0.025, potash fertilizer 0.06 by weight.
Diatomite tailing of the present invention, vermiculite, charcoal, organic fertilizer partial size be less than 2mm, bentonitic partial size is small
In 1mm.
The production method of dry seedling bed of rice matrix of the present invention, the steps include:
(1) diatomite tailing, charcoal, bentonite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite are mixed by weight, is thoroughly mixed
It is even that seedling medium premix is spare；
(2) ammonium sulfate 0.7-1.3, double superhosphate 0.06-0.12 are taken by matrix weight part, potassium sulfate 0.01-1.2 fills
Divide grinding, all crosses 0.5mm sieve, be uniformly sprinkled into seedling medium premix prepared by above-mentioned steps (1), mix well to obtain base
Matter is spare；
(3) it is sprayed into matrix made from above-mentioned steps (2) after mixing concentrated sulfuric acid 2.2-3.4 with moisture, water content of substrate
Control is mixed in 30%-40%, and after placing 24 hours, substrate pH 5-5.5 obtains dry seedling bed of rice matrix.
For the present invention using from a wealth of sources, low-cost diatomite tailing replaces soil, cooperates other originals of suitable proportion
Material, a kind of manufactured paddy drought seedling matrix, matrix of the present invention have that retain water and nutrients, resiliency are big, breathe freely, heat, nutrition is equal
Weighing apparatus, matrix bulk density is small, convenient transportation, simple process, easy to operate, labor intensity is low, without soil-borne disease, seedling quality is good, educates
Seedling is at low cost, is easy the advantages that management；Raising rice seedlings are carried out using paddy drought seedling matrix of the invention, not only make industrial or agricultural useless
Gurry resource is fully used, and no replacement is required and existing seedling equipment is transformed, and peasant receives that fastly, technology can be directly realized by
Transition is suitable for family's seedling, industrial sprout cultivation, machine rice transplantation and transplanting rice seedling by hand.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the XRD spectrum of diatomite tailing；
Fig. 2 is the adsorbance diagram of example a pair of N, P, K.
Specific embodiment
The present invention constitutes the parts by weight of formula are as follows:
Diatomite tailing 30-50
Bentonite 10-30
Charcoal 3-20
Vermiculite 20-30
Organic fertilizer 7-20
Fertilizer 0.12-1.5.
Diatomite tailing of the present invention is the diatomite that diatomite ore is discarded, by diatomite professional standard JC/T414-
2000 classification standards are three-level diatomite.
Fertilizer of the present invention contains nitrogenous fertilizer 0.2-0.3, phosphate fertilizer 0.025, potash fertilizer 0.06 by weight.
Diatomite tailing of the present invention, vermiculite, charcoal, organic fertilizer partial size be less than 2mm, bentonitic partial size is small
In 1mm.
The production method of dry seedling bed of rice matrix of the present invention, the steps include:
(1) diatomite tailing, charcoal, bentonite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite are mixed by weight, is thoroughly mixed
It is even that seedling medium premix is spare；
(2) ammonium sulfate 0.7-1.3, double superhosphate 0.06-0.12 are taken by matrix weight part, potassium sulfate 0.01-1.2 fills
Divide grinding, all crosses 0.5mm sieve, be uniformly sprinkled into seedling medium premix prepared by above-mentioned steps (1), mix well to obtain base
Matter is spare；
(3) it is sprayed into matrix made from above-mentioned steps (2) after mixing concentrated sulfuric acid 2.2-3.4 with moisture, water content of substrate
Control is mixed in 30%-40%, and after placing 24 hours, substrate pH 5-5.5 obtains dry seedling bed of rice matrix.The usage amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid
It is that the matrix obtained according to step per ton (2) uses 2.2 liters -3.4 liters.
Embodiment 1:
The present invention constitutes the parts by weight of formula are as follows:
Diatomite tailing 30
Bentonite 10
Charcoal 3
Vermiculite 20
Organic fertilizer 7
Fertilizer 0.12.
Wherein contain nitrogenous fertilizer 0.2, phosphate fertilizer 0.025, potash fertilizer 0.06 in fertilizer.
(1) diatomite tailing, charcoal, bentonite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite are mixed by weight, is thoroughly mixed
It is even that seedling medium premix is spare；
(2) ammonium sulfate 0.7, double superhosphate 0.06 are taken by matrix weight part, potassium sulfate 0.01 is fully ground, whole mistakes
0.5mm sieve, be uniformly sprinkled into above-mentioned steps (1) preparation seedling medium premix in, mix well matrix is spare；
(3) it is sprayed into matrix made from above-mentioned steps (2) after mixing concentrated sulfuric acid 2.2-3.4 with moisture, water content of substrate
Control is mixed in 30%-40%, and after placing 24 hours, substrate pH 5-5.5 obtains dry seedling bed of rice matrix.
Embodiment 2:
The present invention constitutes the parts by weight of formula are as follows:
Diatomite tailing 40
Bentonite 25
Charcoal 12
Vermiculite 15
Organic fertilizer 14
Fertilizer 0.8.
Wherein contain nitrogenous fertilizer 0.25, phosphate fertilizer 0.025, potash fertilizer 0.06 in fertilizer.
The production method of dry seedling bed of rice matrix of the present invention, the steps include:
(1) diatomite tailing, charcoal, bentonite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite are mixed by weight, is thoroughly mixed
It is even that seedling medium premix is spare；
(2) ammonium sulfate 1, double superhosphate 0.09 are taken by matrix weight part, potassium sulfate 0.6 is fully ground, whole mistakes
0.5mm sieve, be uniformly sprinkled into above-mentioned steps (1) preparation seedling medium premix in, mix well matrix is spare；
(3) it is sprayed into matrix made from above-mentioned steps (2) after mixing concentrated sulfuric acid 2.2-3.4 with moisture, water content of substrate
Control is mixed in 30%-40%, and after placing 24 hours, substrate pH 5-5.5 obtains dry seedling bed of rice matrix.
Embodiment 3:
The present invention constitutes the parts by weight of formula are as follows:
Diatomite tailing 50
Bentonite 30
Charcoal 20
Vermiculite 30
Organic fertilizer 20
Fertilizer 1.5.
Wherein contain nitrogenous fertilizer 0.3, phosphate fertilizer 0.025, potash fertilizer 0.06 in fertilizer.
The production method of dry seedling bed of rice matrix of the present invention, the steps include:
(1) diatomite tailing, charcoal, bentonite, organic fertilizer, vermiculite are mixed by weight, is thoroughly mixed
It is even that seedling medium premix is spare；
(2) ammonium sulfate 1.3, double superhosphate 0.12 are taken by matrix weight part, potassium sulfate 1.2 is fully ground, whole mistakes
0.5mm sieve, be uniformly sprinkled into above-mentioned steps (1) preparation seedling medium premix in, mix well matrix is spare；
(3) it is sprayed into matrix made from above-mentioned steps (2) after mixing concentrated sulfuric acid 2.2-3.4 with moisture, water content of substrate
Control is mixed in 30%-40%, and after placing 24 hours, substrate pH 5-5.5 obtains dry seedling bed of rice matrix.The usage amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid
It is that the matrix obtained according to step per ton (2) uses 2.2 liters -3.4 liters.
The present invention is based on the particle size of diatomite tailing, bentonite, charcoal, organic fertilizer and vermiculite, water conservation, soda acids
Degree, trophic level need water uptake characters and suitable acid or alkali environment and the machine transplanting of rice to the characteristics such as the adsorption-desorption of nutrient, rice shoot
Requirement of the seedling to root system disk knot power etc. configures the rice seedling raising ground substance suitable for transplanting by proportion optimizing.Harmless treatment
Diatomite tailing and its agriculture and forestry organic waste material, while solving the problems, such as that tradition takes native seedling to take native hardly possible, matter of preserving the ecological environment and plough
Amount.Nutrient is balanced, and seedling growth is neat, healthy and strong；Rice shoot well developed root system, packing power are moderate, are easy to the blocking neat cutting of mechanization
With plant；Seedling raising ground substance bulk density index is good to wetting irrigation for paddy field (flood irrigation) mode adaptability, is not in " floating seedling " (seedling blanket emersion seedling
Disk) phenomenon；Seedling blanket quality is small, easily carries, with rice transplanter good compatibility, the machine transplanting of rice is high-efficient.
Specific example 1:
Rice seedling raising ground substance of the present invention includes: diatomite tailing 30, charcoal 20, bentonite 10, organic fertilizer 20, vermiculite
20, chemical fertilizer is added by the amount of every kilogram of matrix addition urea 3.801g, calcium superphosphate 0.158g.It is sufficiently mixed, stirring is equal
It is even, it is configured to rice seedling raising ground substance premix.
Its seedling raising ground substance premix physical and chemical index are as follows: 0.44 g/cm of bulk density3, 75 % of total porosity, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content
2.000g/kg, available phosphorus contents 0.250g/kg, quick-acting potassium content 1.77g/kg, EC value be 1.60mS/cm, pH value 8.70.
The seedling raising ground substance premix is carried out to adjust acid: being added to according to 3.35L/ tons of amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid by matrix matter
In the water of amount 30%, sour water is made, uniformly squirts in seedling raising ground substance, stirs evenly, bored to let off night, the rice seedling raising ground substance of system.
Specific example 2:
Rice seedling raising ground substance of the present invention includes: diatomite tailing 50, charcoal 3, bentonite 20, organic fertilizer 7, vermiculite 20,
It is added after chemical fertilizer sufficiently by the amount of every kilogram of matrix addition urea 2.312g, calcium superphosphate 0.104g, potassium sulfate 0.196g
Mixing, stirs evenly, is configured to rice seedling raising ground substance premix.
Its seedling raising ground substance premix physical and chemical index are as follows: bulk density 0.61g/cm3, 54 % of total porosity, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content
1.500g/kg, available phosphorus contents 0.250g/kg, quick-acting potassium content 0.600g/kg, EC value be 0.99mS/cm, pH value 7.31.
The seedling raising ground substance premix is carried out to adjust acid: being added to according to 2.20L/ tons of amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid by matrix matter
In the water of amount 30%, sour water is made, uniformly squirts in seedling raising ground substance, stirs evenly, bored to let off night, the rice seedling raising ground substance of system.
Specific example 3:
Rice seedling raising ground substance of the present invention includes: diatomite tailing 30, charcoal 3, bentonite 30, organic fertilizer 7, vermiculite 30,
Chemical fertilizer is added by the amount of every kilogram of matrix addition urea 2.770g, calcium superphosphate 0.158g.It is sufficiently mixed, stirs evenly,
It is configured to rice seedling raising ground substance premix.
Its seedling raising ground substance premix physical and chemical index are as follows: 0.69 g/cm of bulk density3, 59 % of total porosity, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content
1.500g/kg, available phosphorus contents 0.250g/kg, quick-acting potassium content 0.600g/kg, EC value be 0.81mS/cm, pH value 7.90.
The seedling raising ground substance premix is carried out to adjust acid: being added to according to 3.02L/ tons of amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid by matrix matter
In the water of amount 30%, sour water is made, uniformly squirts in seedling raising ground substance, stirs evenly, bored to let off night, the rice seedling raising ground substance of system.
The control seedling raising ground substance CK of different embodiments is 100% Nutrition Soil of autogamy, 1.15 g/cm of bulk density3, total porosity 53
%, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content 0.584g/kg, available phosphorus contents 0.287g/kg, quick-acting potassium content 0.691g/kg, EC value are 2.93mS/
Cm, pH value 4.32.
Three specific examples of the invention carry out test comparison:
1 three specific example hard disk seedling seedling quality Indexes Comparisons of table
2 three specific example culture pan seedling seedling quality Indexes Comparisons of table
By Tables 1 and 2 as can be seen that matrix of the invention has following three aspects advantage:
First is that seedling raising ground substance is ventilative, Water-saving effect is good, acid and salt content is suitable for that aqueous vapor condition is adaptable, emergence
It is reliable to grow safety.
Second is that leaf age, height of seedling are similar, seedling vigorous index, root/shoot ratio are suitable for that blade is straight and upright not to hang down loosely, and prosperous growth does not alter height, the length of time rice seedlings grow
Elastic big, the safety is improved for seedling growth.
Third is that seedling blanket packing is good, rice shoot root is more, color is white, elasticity is good, and 90% or more seedling block grabs a small amount of rice shoot energy
It has carried and has not dissipated, seedling blanket is complete.Quality is small, is readily transported.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of paddy drought seedling matrix, it is characterised in that: constitute the parts by weight of formula are as follows:
Diatomite tailing 30-50
Bentonite 10-30
Charcoal 3-20
Vermiculite 20-30
Organic fertilizer 7-20
Fertilizer 0.12-1.5；
The diatomite tailing is the diatomite that diatomite ore is discarded, by diatomite professional standard JC/T414-2000 contingency table
Standard is three-level diatomite；
The fertilizer contains nitrogenous fertilizer 0.2-0.3, phosphate fertilizer 0.025, potash fertilizer 0.06 by weight；
The diatomite tailing, vermiculite, charcoal, organic fertilizer partial size be less than 2mm, bentonitic partial size is less than 1mm.
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| CN106171633A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 全椒县志恒庄园 | A kind of paddy drought seedling bed soil |
| CN106866272A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-06-20 | 许昌市儒燕科技信息咨询有限公司 | A kind of rice nursery substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107278858A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cultivation matrix added with composite conditioner |
| CN107324903A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-11-07 | 吉林农业大学 | A kind of seedling cultivation of rice strengthens seedling agent and its application method |
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| CN107810809A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-20 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of new matrix of rice is without native dry rice seedling method |
| CN108587644A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-09-28 | 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 | A kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent |
| CN113016455B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-10-18 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for preventing and treating rice damping-off |
| CN114600732A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-10 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Iron-modified biochar rice seedling raising matrix, matrix plate and preparation method |
| CN116058250A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-05 | 湖南润湘土生物科技有限公司 | Rice seedling raising matrix formula and preparation method thereof |
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| JPH07102038B2 (en) * | 1989-02-25 | 1995-11-08 | 日本たばこ産業株式会社 | Granular culture soil |
| CN102524008B (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-10-02 | 中国水稻研究所 | Organic medium special for raising rice by mechanical seedling transplantation and production method for organic medium |
| CN102838415B (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-10-09 | 山东商道生物科技有限公司 | Medium for seedling raising and cultivation and preparation method of medium |
| CN103583342A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 苏州维登农业有限公司 | Method for soiless cultivation planting of hot pepper in greenhouse |
| CN103864536B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-05-06 | 东北农业大学 | Full-nutrient paddy rice seedling breeding matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN104109035B (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2016-03-16 | 许盛英 | The production method of diatomite mine tailing compression Nutrition Soil |
| CN104987234A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-10-21 | 蒋文兰 | Production method of diatomite tailing carbonized nutrient soil |
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