CN108587644A - A kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent - Google Patents
A kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN108587644A CN108587644A CN201810732507.4A CN201810732507A CN108587644A CN 108587644 A CN108587644 A CN 108587644A CN 201810732507 A CN201810732507 A CN 201810732507A CN 108587644 A CN108587644 A CN 108587644A
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agents, the formula of the medicament is by a certain proportion of biomass black wood charcoal, dolomite, sepiolite, lime stone, zeolite, vermiculite, bentonite, flyash, polyacrylamide, bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation, the decomposed object of pig manure, super absorbent resin composition.The present invention can improve Acid Paddy Soils, improve soil pH value, increase soil texture stability, reduce the dissolution of heavy metal-polluted soil, promote Nutrient Elements in Soil content, facilitation is played to the growth and volume increase of rice, lays the first stone, has broad application prospects for the southern Acid Paddy Soils of extensive improvement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agriculture science, more particularly to a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent.
Background technology
Soil acidification refers to that soil receives to input H therein+Afterwards, one side H+With the slag cation on soil colloid
Occur exchange reaction to and be attracted to grogs surface, the slag cation to be got off by exchange and then with percolating water leaching loss；
On the other hand, the aluminium that the H+ on grogs surface can be spontaneously with mineral lattice surface reacts, and is quickly converted to exchangeable aluminum.By
It is an importance in soil weathering soil-forming process in soil acidification, it will lead to pH decreased, form acid soil
After earth, influence activity biological in soil, change the form of nutrient in soil, reduce nutrient availability, promote free manganese,
The poisoning metal elements such as aluminium ion dissolve in the soil liquid, to generate toxic action to crop.
The reason of soil acidification usually promising natural cause and artificial origin, the soil acidification process of natural cause it is very slow
Slowly, the pH for reducing by 1 unit at least wanted for 50100 years under field conditions (factors).Result of study show mainly to have two it is big it is artificial because
Element accelerates soil acidification, and one is acid deposition caused by atmosphere pollution, another is then whole system caused by agricultural production
Imbalance.For in worldwide, industrial pollution has significantly speeded up the process of soil acidification, and especially acid deposition is led
The environmental acidification of cause, the three big Acid Rain Zones of North America, northwest Europe and China as most serious in the world, the acidification of these Soils In The Regions become
Gesture is fairly obvious.And all there is acid soil in worldwide, be primarily present in acid soil as a type in soil
In tropical and subtropical region and Temperate Region in China, the subtropical and tropical zones in China, widely distributed various red or yellow
Acid soil, the acid soil of Temperate Region in China is mainly distributed on Northern Europe, North America, based on acid podzolic soil.In recent decades,
China's rapid industrial development, a large amount of sour gas are discharged into air, and acid deposition makes environment by immense pressure, causes China southern
The frequency and intensity of the acid deposition in side area all obviously increase.Europe and North America are always two big Acid Rain Zones in the world, China
Southern red-yellow soil area becomes the 3rd big Acid Rain Zone of the world behind this two big Acid Rain Zone, currently, on the south China the Changjiang river extensively
Ground is dispersed with the acid soil of large area, is concentrated mainly on Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan and Guizhou etc.
Southern province, about 200,000,000 hm of the gross area2, the pH value of most of acid soil is less than 5.5, wherein being greatly less than 5.0, very
To lower, with the further development of Chinese society economy, China's acid soil area and acidizing degree, which also have, to be further increased
Trend.
China the Changjiang river areas to the south is also important Rice Cropping region, and the soil of high-yield rice is mostly subacidity to neutrality
(pH value 6.0~7.0), soil of the pH value less than 5.5 may make rice plant growth's depauperation, lead to the underproduction even total crop failure,
So influence of the soil acidification to Rice Cropping is also increasing.
For a long time due to intrinsic ideal effect, scientists pay close attention to the influence of Acid Rain on Soil mostly, and new hair
Now but expose a serious defect using nitrogen fertilizer:It makes the acidity of soil dramatically increase, and this can be in length
The ability of their support life is reduced after time.From the research of the Farmland in China changes of pH to the past over more than 20 years
It was found that different degrees of acidification phenomenon occurs for up to 90% or so agricultural land soil, soil pH value averagely declines about 0.5 list
Position, is equivalent to soil acid amount and increases 2.2 times on the original basis.And the pH value of soil is most important to plant growth, because
Most of crops all adapt to grow in neutral or slightly sour soil, once pH decreased (acidity enhancing), caused
Pest and disease damage will hinder the growth of plant, and strong acid environment can also activate the activity of toxic metals, accelerate filtering out for toxic metals.
These situations show that China is needing further to be reinforced to the research of acid soil, especially for acidified
Soil, need to take effective measures improvement and improvement.An importance direct shadow of the soil acidification as soil degradation
It rings and arrives soil quality.In recent years, the various unreasonable mankind's activities such as acid rain depositions are continuously increased, ammonium fertilizer largely uses are led
Soil acidification aggravation, arable land acid soil area is caused to show a rising trend.The acidification of soil directly affects physics, the chemistry of soil
And biological property, not only cause Soil Mineral Nutrition element to be largely lost, nutrient active reduces, soil microbial activities are suppressed
The harm such as system, toxic heavy metal activation, and soil and water ecological setting are endangered, seriously constrain the sustainable of agricultural
Development.Therefore, effective acid soil improving agent is studied, soil quality is improved, there is important meaning for agricultural sustainable development
Justice.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention：Mineral nutrient element caused by being acidified for current paddy soil is a large amount of
It is lost in, nutrient active reduces, soil microbial activities are suppressed, toxic heavy metal activates and endanger soil and water ecological setting
The problem of, the present invention, which can play, is obviously improved soil pH value, improves soil nutrient, reduces heavy metal in soil content, and activation is micro-
The soil improvement action of biology.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides technical solution below：
The present invention provides a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent, includes the component of following parts by weight：Biomass black wood charcoal, white clouds
Stone, sepiolite, lime stone, zeolite, vermiculite, bentonite, flyash, polyacrylamide, bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation, pig manure are decomposed
Object, super absorbent resin.
Preferably, a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent, includes the component of following parts by weight：Biomass black wood charcoal, dolomite, sea
The decomposed object of afrodite, lime stone, zeolite, vermiculite, bentonite, flyash, polyacrylamide, bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation, pig manure, height
Water-absorbing resins.
Preferably, the bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation includes Glomus mosseae bacterium, Glomus intraradices bacterium, deformation sacculus mould
At least one of, preparation method is as follows：
(1) substrate preparation：By careless carbon：Vermiculite：Perlite：Zeolite (volume ratio) is 1:1:2:1 ratio mixing, high pressure are steamed
Vapour sterilizing is spare；
(2) will contain respectively Glomus mosseae bacterium, Glomus intraradices bacterium, deformation sacculus mould three kinds of mycorrhizal fungal spores,
Mycelial Inoculant first mixes, and spore density >=25 of each strain/gram, the Inoculant being mixed with then is layered on base again
In matter, total Inoculant dosage is the 7% of matrix volume, then covers the matrix of one layer of 4 cm thick；
(3) clover and onion are uniformly sowed in the matrix of inoculated fungi, cultivation temperature is 25~35 DEG C, relative humidity
50%~80%, 15000 lux of intensity of illumination, normal management and fertilising；
(4) plant strain growth removes aerial part after 17~18 weeks, scrapes 3 ㎝ matrix of surface layer, underlying substrate is connected to plant
Root system dries, and is crushed to the particle less than 6 millimeters.
Preferably, the flyash is bitumeniferous alkaline coal ash, and the molecular weight of the polyacrylamide is 15,000,000
~2,000 ten thousand, the specification of the vermiculite is 4~10mm, and the zeolite is zeolite powder, the mesh of 150 mesh of grain size~250.
Preferably, the preparation method of the decomposed object of the pig manure is as follows：
(1) use mechanical dehydration by pig manure water content be down to 60~80% hereinafter, incorporation crush after drying crop material,
Stalk is 1 with pig manure weight ratio:1~3:1, control waits for that the water content of fermentation materials 50%~60%, is adjusted with calcium superphosphate
PH to 6.5~7.5；
(2) it will wait for that fermentation materials heap enters in fermentation tank, throwing is turned over after adding microbial bacterial agent, winter, every four days stirrings were primary,
Summer, every 2 days stirrings were primary, and fermentation time is 25 days winters, 20 days summers；
(3) the decomposed object of pig manure is transported into fermentation tank, continues to bank up 10 days.
It is further preferred that described be used as stalk at least one of rape stalk, wheat stalk, rice straw, it is long
Degree is less than 5cm, and the additive amount of the microbial bacterial agent is 2~5 ‰.
The advantageous effect that the present invention obtains：
The present invention is by the alkaline modifying agent of application and changes the improvement of the measures to acid soil such as modifying agent method of administration
Effect can play and be obviously improved soil pH value, improve soil nutrient, reduce heavy metal in soil content, activate the soil of microorganism
Earth improving effect.To reduce soil acid evil, the yield of crops and the quality of agricultural product are improved, is not only ensureing farmland quality
There is certain realistic meaning with crop production safety and environmental protection aspect, while being also further to recognize soil acidification
Feature and its mechanism, the reasonable application of modifying agent and further investigation etc. provide theoretical foundation.
Specific implementation mode
Below by the description to embodiment, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail, with side
Those skilled in the art is helped to have more complete, accurate and deep understanding to the inventive concept of the present invention, technical solution.
Embodiment 1：Soil conditioner is prepared as follows
The group of soil conditioner is divided into：
3 parts of biomass black wood charcoal, 5 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of sepiolite, 15 parts of lime stone, 6 parts of 200 mesh powdered zeolite, 4~
The polyacrylamide 20 of 10 parts of 10mm vermiculites, 5 parts of bentonite, 40 parts of the flyash of the pitch containing 2%wt, average molecular weight 17,500,000
Part, 30 parts of bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation, 22 parts of the decomposed object of pig manure, 3 parts of super absorbent resin.
Preparation method：
(1) preparation of bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation：
(A) substrate preparation：By careless carbon：Vermiculite：Perlite：Zeolite (volume ratio) is 2:2:2:1 ratio mixing, high pressure are steamed
Vapour sterilizing is spare；
(B) will contain respectively Glomus mosseae bacterium, Glomus intraradices bacterium, deformation sacculus mould three kinds of mycorrhizal fungal spores,
Mycelial Inoculant first mixes, then the Inoculant being mixed with is layered on matrix by 65/gram of spore density of each strain again
On, total Inoculant dosage is the 12% of matrix volume, then covers the matrix of one layer of 4 cm thick；
(C) clover and onion are uniformly sowed in the matrix of inoculated fungi, cultivation temperature is 25~35 DEG C, relative humidity
65%, 12500 lux of intensity of illumination, normal management and fertilising；
(D) plant strain growth removes aerial part after 15 weeks, scrapes 3 ㎝ matrix of surface layer, underlying substrate is connected to root system of plant
It dries, is crushed to the particle of 3.5 millimeters of grain size.
(2) preparation method of the decomposed object of pig manure is as follows：
(A) use mechanical dehydration that pig manure water content is down to 70%, drying rape stalk, wheat stalk after incorporation crushing
Or rice straw, 3 centimetres of stalk length, stalk are 2 with pig manure weight ratio：1, control waits for the water content of fermentation materials 55%,
PH to 7.0 is adjusted with calcium superphosphate；
(B) it will wait for that fermentation materials heap enters in fermentation tank, and turn over throwing after adding 3.5 ‰ wt microbial bacterial agents, every four days of winter was turned over
Material is primary, and summer, every 2 days stirrings were primary, and fermentation time is 25 days winters, 20 days summers；
(C) the decomposed object of pig manure is transported into fermentation tank, continues to bank up 10 days.
(3) it puts into pestsides synthesis machine and is sufficiently mixed after weighing except the other components of super absorbent resin, mixture is close
Envelope preserves.
(4) it is used after being sufficiently mixed using preceding addition super absorbent resin.
Embodiment 2：Soil conditioner is prepared as follows
1 part of biomass black wood charcoal, 1 part of dolomite, 5 parts of sepiolite, 10 parts of lime stone, 2 parts of 150 mesh powdered zeolite, 4mm vermiculites
5 parts, 10 part, clump the branch bacterium of polyacrylamide of 2 parts of bentonite, 30 parts of the flyash of the pitch containing 1%wt, average molecular weight 15,000,000
10 parts of mycorrhiza fungi microbial inoculum, 15 parts of the decomposed object of pig manure, 1 part of super absorbent resin.
Preparation method：
(1) preparation of bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation：
(A) substrate preparation：By careless carbon：Vermiculite：Perlite：Zeolite (volume ratio) is 2:2:2:1 ratio mixing, high pressure are steamed
Vapour sterilizing is spare；
(B) will contain respectively Glomus mosseae bacterium, Glomus intraradices bacterium, deformation sacculus mould three kinds of mycorrhizal fungal spores,
Mycelial Inoculant first mixes, then the Inoculant being mixed with is layered on matrix by 30/gram of spore density of each strain again
On, total Inoculant dosage is the 8% of matrix volume, then covers the matrix of one layer of 3.5 cm thick；
(C) clover and onion are uniformly sowed in the matrix of inoculated fungi, cultivation temperature is 25~35 DEG C, relative humidity
50%, 10000 lux of intensity of illumination, normal management and fertilising；
(D) plant strain growth removes aerial part after 14 weeks, scrapes surface layer 2cm matrix, underlying substrate is connected to root system of plant
It dries, is crushed to the particle of 3.5 millimeters of grain size.
(2) preparation method of the decomposed object of pig manure is as follows：
(A) use mechanical dehydration that pig manure water content is down to 60%, drying rape stalk, wheat stalk after incorporation crushing
Or rice straw, 2 centimetres of stalk length, stalk are 1 with pig manure weight ratio：1, control waits for the water content of fermentation materials 50%,
PH to 6.5 is adjusted with calcium superphosphate；
(B) it will wait for that fermentation materials heap enters in fermentation tank, throwing, winter every four days stirrings are turned over after adding 2 ‰ wt microbial bacterial agents
Once, summer every 2 days stirrings are primary, and fermentation time is 25 days winters, 20 days summers；
(C) the decomposed object of pig manure is transported into fermentation tank, continues to bank up 10 days.
(3) it puts into pestsides synthesis machine and is sufficiently mixed after weighing except the other components of super absorbent resin, mixture is close
Envelope preserves.
(4) it is used after being sufficiently mixed using preceding addition super absorbent resin.
Embodiment 3：Soil conditioner is prepared as follows
5 parts of biomass black wood charcoal, 10 parts of dolomite, 15 parts of sepiolite, 20 parts of lime stone, 10 parts of 250 mesh powdered zeolite, 10mm
15 parts of vermiculite, 8 parts of bentonite, 50 parts of the flyash of the pitch containing 3%wt, average molecular weight 20,000,000 30 parts of polyacrylamide,
50 parts of bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation, 30 parts of the decomposed object of pig manure, 5 parts of super absorbent resin.
Preparation method：
(1) preparation of bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation：
(A) substrate preparation：By careless carbon：Vermiculite：Perlite：Zeolite (volume ratio) is 2:2:2:1 ratio mixing, high pressure are steamed
Vapour sterilizing is spare；
(B) will contain respectively Glomus mosseae bacterium, Glomus intraradices bacterium, deformation sacculus mould three kinds of mycorrhizal fungal spores,
Mycelial Inoculant first mixes, then the Inoculant being mixed with is layered on base by 100/gram of spore density of each strain again
In matter, total Inoculant dosage is the 15% of matrix volume, then covers the matrix of one layer of 5.5 cm thick；
(C) clover and onion are uniformly sowed in the matrix of inoculated fungi, cultivation temperature is 25~35 DEG C, relative humidity
80%, 15000 lux of intensity of illumination, normal management and fertilising；
(D) plant strain growth removes aerial part after 16 weeks, scrapes surface layer 4cm matrix, underlying substrate is connected to root system of plant
It dries, is crushed to the particle of 5 millimeters of grain size.
(2) preparation method of the decomposed object of pig manure is as follows：
(A) use mechanical dehydration that pig manure water content is down to 80%, drying rape stalk, wheat stalk after incorporation crushing
Or rice straw, 4 centimetres of stalk length, stalk are 3 with pig manure weight ratio：1, control waits for the water content of fermentation materials 60%,
PH to 7.5 is adjusted with calcium superphosphate；
(B) it will wait for that fermentation materials heap enters in fermentation tank, throwing, winter every four days stirrings are turned over after adding 5 ‰ wt microbial bacterial agents
Once, summer every 2 days stirrings are primary, and fermentation time is 25 days winters, 20 days summers；
(C) the decomposed object of pig manure is transported into fermentation tank, continues to bank up 10 days.
(3) it puts into pestsides synthesis machine and is sufficiently mixed after weighing except the other components of super absorbent resin, mixture is close
Envelope preserves.
(4) it is used after being sufficiently mixed using preceding addition super absorbent resin.
The Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent of the present invention is as follows to the improvement test of rice soil and result：
(1) Acid Paddy Soils are the yellow mud field of plate shale development, pH value 5.0~5.5.
(2) it uses quick lime as a contrast, sets 3 processing altogether, respectively:(a) CK does not add any substance；(b) life is applied
Lime 1.38g/kg soil；(c) modifying agent in embodiment 1-3,1.38g/kg soil are applied.Each processing is all provided with 12 weights
It is multiple.
(3) each processing weigh 6.5kg cover sieved soil in bottom diameter 20cm, bore 26cm, high 19cm polypots in, will
(modifying agent mixes well dress alms bowl with soil) is added in soil sample by set amount in different modifying agents, and fills it up with common irrigate in farmland and use
Water, and ensure that the depth of waterflooding in each basin alms bowl is consistent (being higher by 2~3cm of soil layer), to prevent the influence of rainwater, taken with light-transmissive film
Canopy blocks.
(4) culture experiment taken at regular intervals soil sample, in laboratory measurement soil pH value, and before experiment is carried out and end
Afterwards, mixed soil sample, the analysis soil organism, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, exchangeability are acquired respectively
Aluminium, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable sodium, Soil exchangeable Al total ion concentration, cation exchange capacity (CEC) (CEC), good fortune, lead, water stability group
The indexs such as kernel structure.
(5) indices are all made of conventional method analysis.Soil pH value uses soil ratio for 1:1, it weighs l1g and passes through 1mm
The air-dried soil sample of sieve is placed in 25ml beakers, adds deionized water 10ml, is stirred 5 minutes, with corrected after standing 25 minutes
The mode of pH meter measures；Available phosphorus extracts an anti-colorimetric method of aluminium antimony with sodium bicarbonate；Exchangeable calcium, magnesium NH4OAc extractions one are former
Sub- absorptiometry；Rock picker, manganese are using People's Republic of China's forestry industry standard-forest soil extraction
Property iron, aluminium, manganese, silicon, Carbon analysis (LY/T1257-1999)；The measurement of organic matter uses potassium bichromate titrimetric method (external heat
Method)；Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is measured using alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method；Exchangeable potassium, sodium extract a flame spectrometry using acetic acid money；Soil exchangeable
Alkali total amount uses NH4OAc neutralization titrations；Pb in Soil, good fortune are extracted using potassium iodide monomethyl isobutyl ketone (KI-MIBK)
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry；Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils is measured using one sulfuric acid process of barium chloride；Water-stable granular structure
Using dry sieve method and wet screening.
Influence statistic analysis result of 1 different soils modifying agent of the table processing to rice soil pH
| Processing | 0d | 21d | 35d | 49d | 63d |
| CK | 5.36±0.04 | 5.37±0.04 | 5.39±0.02 | 5.48±0.04 | 5.50±0.04 |
| Quick lime | 5.34±0.06 | 5.93±0.06 | 6.02±0.04 | 6.10±0.04 | 6.19±0.06 |
| Embodiment 1 | 5.38±0.06 | 5.89±0.06 | 6.05±0.06 | 6.16±0.04 | 6.33±0.06 |
| Embodiment 2 | 5.40±0.06 | 5.68±0.06 | 5.83±0.04 | 5.98±0.04 | 6.05±0.06 |
| Embodiment 3 | 5.36±0.06 | 5.83±0.06 | 6.00±0.06 | 6.04±0.06 | 6.12±0.04 |
Note：0d is the soil before processing.
Can there be different degrees of promotion to the pH of Acid Paddy Soils using quick lime and modifying agent, and compare CK group ratios
Compared with quick lime and modifying agent can reach 0.5 unit or more in different times to the promotion of pH, be promoted to the pH of acid soil
There is remarkable effect.
It is operated by soil improvements in 3 months, the chemical properties variation such as following table of Acid Paddy Soils：
Influence of 2 different soils modifying agent of the table processing to soil nutrient content
| CK | Quick lime | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | |
| Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen | 320 | 271 | 364 | 329 | 349 |
| Available phosphorus | 16.3 | 18.1 | 22.3 | 18.6 | 20.1 |
| Organic matter | 41300 | 40500 | 49300 | 43300 | 47300 |
| CEC | 11.2 | 11.4 | 10.8 | 10.80 | 11.1 |
| Exchangeable sodium | 48.3 | 55.2 | 57.2 | 48.3 | 55.6 |
| Exchangeable potassium | 140.4 | 152.1 | 175.3 | 156.0 | 165.5 |
| Exchangeable calcium | 714 | 1202 | 1349 | 1156 | 1296 |
| Exchangeable magnesium | 110.4 | 121.2 | 109.1 | 127.88 | 119.8 |
| Alkali total amount | 5.06 | 7.65 | 7.99 | 7.14 | 7.77 |
| Ca/Mg | 6.4674 | 9.9175 | 12.3690 | 9.0400 | 10.8180 |
| Degree of base saturation | 45.18 | 67.11 | 74.2 | 66.1 | 69.9 |
Note：Wherein exchangeable base total amount and CEC units be cmol/kg, degree of base saturation %, in addition to Ca/Mg remaining
Index unit is mg/kg；Numerical value is the average value of corresponding index in table.
Degree of base saturation (BS)=exchangeable base total amount * 100%/CEC
Ca/Mg reflects the variation of soil ecological process and the biological effectiveness of calcium and magnesium, can also be to other nutrients in soil such as
The biological effectiveness of the elements such as sodium potassium produces a very large impact, and the Ca/Mg ratios of embodiment 1-3 are high than control as shown in Table 2,
Illustrate that the biological effectiveness of soil calcium ions and magnesium ions is greatly improved；Compared with the control group, quick lime so that alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is aobvious
Writing reduces, and embodiment 1-3 so that alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus content significantly increase, exchangeable potassium content significantly increases, and alkali is full
Have with degree and significantly promoted, effectively improves the acid buffer capacity of Acid Paddy Soils, and the soil physico-chemical property of embodiment 1-3 is improved
Effect is close or is significantly better than quick lime group.
The calculation formula of soil agreegate destructive rate is:Aggregate destructive rate=(it is big to be more than 0.25mm dry screens aggregate one
In 0.25mm wet screenings aggregate)/it is more than 0.25mm dry screen aggregate × 100%
3 different soils modifying agent of table is formed to soil agreegate and the influence of destructive rate
The aggregate that wet screening obtains is the water stability performance in soil, and water stability performance is destroyed with aggregate
Rate reflects the stability of soil texture, and the water stability performance total amount of ＞ 0.25mm is minimum in control treatment, destructive rate highest,
Wherein CK processing destructive rates are significantly higher than quick lime and embodiment 1-3, show that quick lime and embodiment 1-3 can improve rice soil
Aggregate stability, and embodiment 1 and 3 it is with obvious effects be better than quick lime group, efficiently promoted soil texture stability.
Influence of the 4 different soils modifying agent of table to rock picker and content of beary metal
| Processing | Exchangeable aluminum (mg/kg) | Total lead (mg/kg) | Total cadmium (mg/kg) |
| CK | 67.4 | 44.4 | 0.535 |
| Quick lime | 35.1 | 43.6 | 0.342 |
| Embodiment 1 | 30.8 | 29.1 | 0.222 |
| Embodiment 2 | 34.9 | 38.8 | 0.351 |
| Embodiment 3 | 32.4 | 35.3 | 0.299 |
Heavy metal is extremely firmly adsorbed on soil with ionic forms and exchanged on point and firewood soil particle in the soil, soil acid
Degree, which increases, can be such that they are split away off from soil exchange point and firewood soil particle, i.e. the dissolution of heavy metal-polluted soil, an a large amount of huge sum of money
Plant growth can be generated toxic action by belonging to Ion release, and people has eaten the cereal containing heavy metal and also will produce poisoning instead
It answers, it is unhealthful.
From table 4, it can be seen that embodiment 1-3 can significantly reduce exchangeable aluminum in acid soil, total lead and total cadmium
Content reduces the toxicity of heavy metal, improves soil, is conducive to the growth of crops, improves the quality of cereal, reduces heavy metal intake
Risk.
Test and result of the Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent of the present invention in terms of rice yield raising are as follows：
Implementation steps are as follows：
It applies modifying agent processing experiment and sets 5 processing, respectively:(1) CK does not add any substance, plants conventional seedling water
Rice；(2) it applies quick lime 1.38g/kg soil ten and plants conventional Raised Seedling Rice；(3-5) applies embodiment 1-3,1.38g/kg soil+cultivation
The conventional Raised Seedling Rice of kind；12 repetitions of each processing setting.6.5kg experiment soil is weighed in bottom diameter 18cm, bore 26cm, high 21cm
Polypots in, (modifying agent and soil mix well dress alms bowl) is added in soil sample by set amount in different modifying agents, by rice life
Long rule irrigated farmland water on time.Demand by potted plant crop to nutrient applies urea 1.21g, chlorination before rice transplanting per basin
Potassium 0.88g, 8d after rice transplanting apply urea 0.58g potassium chloride 0.59g per basin again, and fertilizer uses liquid application mode, with soil
It mixes well.
Dry weight yield, bear fruit grains, plant height and the number of productive ear that rice is measured in growth period and maturity period, as a result with flat
Mean value indicates as follows：
Influence of 5 different soils modifying agent of the table processing to rice yield, bear fruit grains, plant height and number of productive ear
As shown in Table 5, embodiment 1-3 can improve rice yield, wherein the yield highest of embodiment 1, reach 56.69g,
Also significantly greater than quick lime group, crop plant height have reacted the fertility level of plant growth and soil to a certain extent, real
The plant height for applying example 1,3 is significantly higher than CK control groups, it is seen that soil can promote fertility after improvement, promote rice plant
Growth, for volume increase provide safeguard.
In conclusion the present invention can improve Acid Paddy Soils, soil pH value is improved, increases soil texture and stablizes
Property, the dissolution of heavy metal-polluted soil is reduced, Nutrient Elements in Soil content is promoted, growth and volume increase to rice are played promotion and made
With laying the first stone, have broad application prospects for the southern Acid Paddy Soils of extensive improvement.
Above example is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited with this, every
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical solution each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within；The technology that the present invention is not directed to can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：1~5 part of biomass black wood charcoal,
1~10 part of dolomite, 5~15 parts of sepiolite, 10~20 parts of lime stone, 2~10 parts of zeolite, 5~15 parts of vermiculite, bentonite 2~8
Part, 30~50 parts of flyash, 10~30 parts of polyacrylamide, 10~50 parts of bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation, the decomposed object of pig manure 15~
30 parts, 1~5 part of super absorbent resin.
2. according to a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent in claim 1, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：It is raw
3 parts of substance black wood charcoal, 5 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of sepiolite, 15 parts of lime stone, 6 parts of zeolite, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of bentonite, flyash
40 parts, 20 parts of polyacrylamide, 30 parts of bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation, 22 parts of the decomposed object of pig manure, 3 parts of super absorbent resin.
3. according to a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bush mycorrhizal fungi preparation includes
At least one of Glomus mosseae bacterium, Glomus intraradices bacterium, deformation sacculus mould, preparation method is as follows：
(1) substrate preparation：By careless carbon：Vermiculite：Perlite：Zeolite (volume ratio) is 2:2:2:1 ratio mixing, high steam go out
Bacterium is spare；
(2) Glomus mosseae bacterium, Glomus intraradices bacterium, deformation sacculus mould three kinds of mycorrhizal fungal spores, mycelia will be contained respectively
The Inoculant of body first mixes, then the Inoculant being mixed with is layered on base by 30~100/gram of spore density of each strain again
In matter, total Inoculant dosage is the 8~15% of matrix volume, then covers the matrix of one layer of 3.5~5.5 cm thick；
(3) clover and onion are uniformly sowed in the matrix of inoculated fungi, cultivation temperature is 25~35 DEG C, relative humidity 50%
~80%, 10000~15000 lux of intensity of illumination, normal management and fertilising；
(4) plant strain growth removes aerial part after 14~16 weeks, scrapes 2~4 ㎝ matrix of surface layer, underlying substrate is connected to plant
Root system dries, and is crushed to 2~5 millimeters of particle.
4. according to a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flyash is to be dripped containing 1~3%wt
The molecular weight of green alkaline coal ash, the polyacrylamide is 15,000,000~20,000,000, the specification of the vermiculite is 4~
10mm, the zeolite are zeolite powder, the mesh of 150 mesh of grain size~250.
5. according to a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The preparation method of the decomposed object of pig manure
It is as follows：
(1) use mechanical dehydration that pig manure water content is down to 60~80% hereinafter, mixing the drying crop material after crushing, stalk
It is 1 with pig manure weight ratio:1~3:1, control waits for the water content of fermentation materials 50%~60%, with calcium superphosphate adjust pH to
6.5~7.5；
(2) it will wait for that fermentation materials heap enters in fermentation tank, and turn over throwing after adding microbial bacterial agent, winter, every four days stirrings were primary, summer
Every 2 days stirrings are primary, and fermentation time is 25 days winters, 20 days summers；
(3) the decomposed object of pig manure is transported into fermentation tank, continues to bank up 10 days.
6. according to a kind of Acid Paddy Soils modifying agent in claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described as stalk be rape stalk,
At least one of wheat stalk, rice straw, length are less than 5cm, and the additive amount of the microbial bacterial agent is 2~5 ‰.
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| CN110622795A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-31 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Good agricultural operation management method for coix |
| CN113061440A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-02 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Compound remediation agent for heavy metal pollution of paddy acid red loam and application |
| CN113083880A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Safe utilization method of heavy metal polluted paddy field in southern acidic red soil region |
| CN113512426A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-19 | 铜仁市锦江绿色蔬菜产业发展有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating mercury and manganese pollution in soil in vegetable planting base |
| CN113860950A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Medium and low yield farmland plough layer soil reservoir expansion and storage improving agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115322055A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Tobacco soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117158282A (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2023-12-05 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Biomass composite material for preventing and treating desertification and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109777432A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-21 | 平顶山学院 | A kind of acidified soil conditioner |
| CN110622795A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-31 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Good agricultural operation management method for coix |
| CN113061440A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-02 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Compound remediation agent for heavy metal pollution of paddy acid red loam and application |
| CN113083880A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Safe utilization method of heavy metal polluted paddy field in southern acidic red soil region |
| CN113512426A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-19 | 铜仁市锦江绿色蔬菜产业发展有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating mercury and manganese pollution in soil in vegetable planting base |
| CN113860950A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Medium and low yield farmland plough layer soil reservoir expansion and storage improving agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115322055A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Tobacco soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117158282A (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2023-12-05 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Biomass composite material for preventing and treating desertification and preparation method thereof |
| CN117158282B (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2023-12-26 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Biomass composite material for preventing and treating desertification and preparation method thereof |
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