CN105924268A - Carbon-based rice seedling raising substrate for rice and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon-based rice seedling raising substrate for rice and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105924268A CN105924268A CN201610252153.4A CN201610252153A CN105924268A CN 105924268 A CN105924268 A CN 105924268A CN 201610252153 A CN201610252153 A CN 201610252153A CN 105924268 A CN105924268 A CN 105924268A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-based rice seedling raising substrate for rice. The carbon-based rice seedling raising substrate comprises biochar, a straw fermented product, yellow soil, vermiculite and an inorganic fertilizer, wherein a volume ratio of the biochar to the straw fermented product to the yellow soil to the vermiculite is (10-20): (15-30): (25-35): (15-25); the inorganic fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide; and per 10 m<3> of the carbon-based rice seedling raising substrate for the rice comprises 12 to 18 g of a nitrogen fertilizer, 4 to 7 g of a phosphorus fertilizer and 5 to 16 parts of a potassium fertilizer. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the carbon-based rice seedling raising substrate for the rice. According to the invention, by utilizing the biochar and the fermented product which are prepared from widely-available farmland organic wastes like rice straws, and inorganic substances like the yellow soil and the vermiculite, the carbon-based rice seedling raising substrate for the rice is prepared. The substrate provided by the invention has the characteristics of fertility holding, water holding and good air permeability, and can effectively prevent the occurrences of bakanae disease, sheath blight and the like in a seedling stage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rice Cropping field, specifically, relate to a kind of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling base
Matter and preparation method.
Background technology
Oryza sativa L. is one of most important cereal crops of China, and its sown area accounts for grain and makees
The 1/4 of the thing gross area.On producing, the substantial amounts of rice straw of annual generation, a part is used
Making also field, major part is to burn, and serious environment pollution causes the wasting of resources.At present,
Directly utilize rice straw making seedling raising ground substance and yet suffer from a lot of problem.
Traditional rice seedling raising ground substance, typically based on the peat composed of rotten mosses, is equipped with perlite and Vermiculitum etc.,
Stirring and processing forms.The peat composed of rotten mosses is non-renewable resources, and price raises year by year, and country is the most just
Strengthening the supervision to peat composed of rotten mosses exploitation.Charcoal is the new soil developed in recent years
Improved materials, is the most not exclusively to be fired by biomass such as agricultural waste material etc.
Burn produced rich carbon product, there is special physicochemical property, in agricultural, environmental ecology
Etc. various aspects, all there is bigger value.Charcoal can improve soil after being manured into soil
Earth structure, the raising gas permeability of soil and water conservation fertilizer conservation, have long-pending to the growth promoter of Oryza sativa L.
Pole acts on.Rice straw is fabricated to charcoal and is made by modes such as stalk fermentations
Become the recycling of seedling raising ground substance, beneficially rice straw.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved there is provided a kind of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base and educates
Seedling substrate and preparation method, it utilizes the farmland organic wastes such as the Caulis et Folium Oryzae of wide material sources to make
Charcoal and fermented product and the inorganic matter such as yellow soil, Vermiculitum, make Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance,
Substrate of the present invention has the feature of fertilizer conservation, water conservation, good air permeability, can effectively prevent seedling stage from disliking
Seedling diseases, damping-off etc. occur.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance,
Including charcoal, stalk fermentation thing, yellow soil, Vermiculitum and inorganic fertilizer；Wherein, charcoal,
The volume ratio of stalk fermentation thing, yellow soil and Vermiculitum is 10～20:15～30:25-35:15-25；
Inorganic fertilizer includes nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide；Every 10m3Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling base
In matter, containing nitrogenous fertilizer 12～18g, phosphate fertilizer 4～7g, potash fertilizer 5～16g.
Further, charcoal prepares in the following manner: after Caulis et Folium Oryzae is pulverized, through overbaking
Case is dried, and heats in temperature is 450-550 DEG C and retort under completely cutting off air conditions
2-3h, prepares charcoal granule, is charcoal.
Further, stalk fermentation thing prepares in the following manner: with rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae be
Raw material, both ratios are volume ratio 1:1, by big to raw material pulverizing to 0.5～1.0cm particle diameter
Little powdery, in terms of the quality total amount of rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae, adds weight/mass percentage composition 10%～20%
Excrement of animals；Inoculate straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium, and add weight/mass percentage composition 5%～
The paddy soils of 10% carries out heap fermentation and forms, and controls moisture content 80%, and heap enters fermentation vat
In ferment, when temperature raise after, machinery turning every day is once；Middle measurement fermented product
PH value, maintains pH to be 7.0-7.5 by adding Calx；Treat that fermented product color becomes Petiolus Trachycarpi
Color, at a temperature of be down to less than 30 DEG C and no longer rise, stalk fermentation terminates；Make compound,
It is stalk fermentation thing；Wherein, straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and rice husk, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, excrement of animals
It is 1:100～200 with the mass ratio of the total amount of the mixture of paddy soils；Described inoculation straw is rotten
Ripe dose of special bacterium includes the strain of decomposition of cellulose, the decomposition lignin that volume ratio is 3:5:3
Strain and rhizosphere growth-promoting endophytic bacteria, the strain of described decomposition of cellulose be CICC20669 produce
Yellow fibers Zymomonas mobilis；The strain of described decomposition lignin is CICC20085 Bacillus licheniformis；
The strain of described rhizosphere growth-promoting endophytic bacteria is CICC23701 Bacillus cercus and CICC21694
The mixture of bacillus megaterium；Described CICC23701 Bacillus cercus and CICC21694
The volume ratio of bacillus megaterium is 1:2；Described excrement of animals is cattle manure, pig manure or chicken manure
One.
Further, nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium sulfate, and phosphate fertilizer is calcium magnesium phosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium chloride.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of a kind of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps:
1) preparation of charcoal；
2) preparation of stalk fermentation thing；
3) weigh, stalk fermentation thing is dried, cross 12 mesh sieves, weigh biology according to volume ratio
Charcoal 10 parts～20 parts, stalk fermentation thing 15 parts～30 parts, yellow soil 25 parts-35 parts and trematodiasis
15 parts-25 parts of stone；With 10m3The stereometer of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, weigh following nothing
Machine fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer 12～18g, phosphate fertilizer 4～7g, potash fertilizer 5～16g；
4) by load weighted charcoal, stalk fermentation thing, yellow soil, Vermiculitum and inorganic fertilizer
Mix homogeneously, uses trough mixers mix homogeneously, prepares Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance.
Further, the preparation of charcoal is particularly as follows: after Caulis et Folium Oryzae pulverizes, through oven for drying,
In temperature is 450-550 DEG C and retort under completely cutting off air conditions, heats 2-3h, prepares
Charcoal granule, is charcoal.
Further, the preparation of stalk fermentation thing particularly as follows: with rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae as raw material, two
The ratio of person is volume ratio 1:1, by raw material pulverizing to 0.5～the powdery of 1.0cm size,
In terms of the quality total amount of rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae, add the animal manure of weight/mass percentage composition 10%～20%
Just；Inoculate straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and the rice field mound of weight/mass percentage composition 5%～10%
Long-pending fermentation forms, wherein, and straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and rice husk, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, excrement of animals and rice
The mass ratio of the total amount of the mixture of field soil is 1:100～200, makes the aqueous of above-mentioned compound
Rate controls 80%, and heap enters in fermentation vat to ferment, and after temperature raises, every day, machinery turned over
Heap is once；The middle pH value measuring fermented product, maintains pH to be 7.2 by adding Calx；
Treat that fermented product color becomes taupe, at a temperature of be down to less than 30 DEG C and no longer rise, show straw
Stalk fermentation ends, makes compound, is stalk fermentation thing.
Further, inoculation straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium includes the decomposition that volume ratio is 3:5:3
The strain of cellulose, the strain decomposing lignin and rhizosphere growth-promoting endophytic bacteria.
Further, excrement of animals is the one of cattle manure, pig manure or chicken manure；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is sulfur
Acid ammonium, phosphate fertilizer is calcium magnesium phosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium chloride.
Further, the strain of decomposition of cellulose is CICC20669 Cellumomonas flavigena；
The strain of described decomposition lignin is CICC20085 Bacillus licheniformis；Described rhizosphere growth-promoting
The strain of antibacterial is CICC23701 Bacillus cercus and CICC21694 bacillus megaterium
Mixture；Described CICC23701 Bacillus cercus and CICC21694 huge spore bar
The volume ratio of bacterium is 1:2.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can obtain and include techniques below effect:
1) present invention solves rice straw and is difficult to directly do a difficult problem for rice seedling raising ground substance, utilizes
The bigger serface of charcoal and strong absorbability, will suppress Oryza sativa L. in rice straw fermented product
The material absorption of seedling growth, reduces the leaching loss of npk nutrient simultaneously.
2) present invention utilizes high pH and the acidity of yellow soil of charcoal, reaches rice seedling
The environment of suitable growth, makes this substrate have water conservation, the function such as ventilative.
3) the raw materials used wide material sources of the present invention, are advantageously implemented farmland garbage ecology and convert
Utilize.
4) present invention mainly provides a kind of Oryza sativa L. organic-inorganic seedling medium and compound method,
It utilizes wide material sources, organic waste and yellow soil, the trematodiasis such as rice husk with low cost, straw
The inorganic matters such as stone, make Oryza sativa L. organic-inorganic seedling medium, and substrate of the present invention has fertilizer conservation, guarantor
Water, the advantage of good air permeability, contain plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria simultaneously and promote rice shoot root system development, suitable
Close the nutrition needed for rice seedling growth and acidity, have and avoid conventional soil nursery often to occur
Bakanae disease, damping-off etc., and facilitate vast farmers to use.
Certainly, the arbitrary product implementing the present invention must be not necessarily required to reach above-described simultaneously
All technique effects.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, thereby to the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment
How application technology means solve technical problem and reach the process that realizes of technology effect and can fill
Sub-argument solution is also implemented according to this.
The present invention provides a kind of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, including charcoal, stalk fermentation thing,
Yellow soil, Vermiculitum and inorganic fertilizer；Wherein, charcoal, stalk fermentation thing, yellow soil and trematodiasis
The volume ratio of stone is 10～20:15～30:25-35:15-25；Inorganic fertilizer include nitrogen, five
Aoxidize two phosphorus and potassium oxide；Every 10m3Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance in, containing nitrogenous fertilizer 12～
18g, phosphate fertilizer 4～7g, potash fertilizer 5～16g；Wherein, nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium sulfate；Phosphate fertilizer is calcium and magnesium
Phosphate fertilizer；Potash fertilizer is potassium chloride.
The present invention also provides for the preparation method of a kind of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of charcoal: after Caulis et Folium Oryzae is pulverized, through oven for drying, in temperature be
450-550 DEG C, isolation air conditions under retort in heat 2-3h, prepare charcoal granule,
It is charcoal；
2) fermentation of stalk fermentation thing: with rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae as raw material, both ratios are body
Long-pending ratio 1:1, by raw material pulverizing to 0.5～the powdery of about 1.0cm size, with rice husk
With the quality total amount meter of Caulis et Folium Oryzae, the excrement of animals adding weight/mass percentage composition 10%～20% (can
Think the one of cattle manure, pig manure, chicken manure etc.), inoculate straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and 5～
The paddy soils heap fermentation of 10% forms, and control moisture content is 80%, and heap enters in fermentation vat to carry out
Fermentation, after temperature raises, machinery turning every day is once；The middle pH value measuring fermented product,
PH is maintained to be 7.0-7.5 by adding Calx；Treat that fermented product color becomes taupe, temperature
Drop to less than 30 DEG C no longer rise, show that stalk fermentation terminates；Wherein, inoculation straw is rotten
Ripe dose of special bacterium include decomposition of cellulose strain (CICC20669 Cellumomonas flavigena),
Decompose strain (CICC20085 Bacillus licheniformis) and the rhizosphere growth-promoting endophytic bacteria of lignin
(CICC23701 Bacillus cercus, CICC21694 bacillus megaterium)；Each microbial inoculum
It is prepared as powder, mixes according to volume ratio 3:5:1:2；Straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and rice
The mass ratio of the total amount of the mixture of shell, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, excrement of animals and paddy soils be 1:100～
200；
3) weigh, stalk fermentation thing is dried, cross 12 mesh sieves, weigh biology according to volume ratio
Charcoal 10 parts～20 parts, stalk fermentation thing 15 parts～30 parts, yellow soil 25 parts-35 parts and trematodiasis
15 parts-25 parts of stone；With 10m3The stereometer of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, weigh following nothing
Machine fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer 12～18g, phosphate fertilizer 4～7g, potash fertilizer 5～16g；
4) by load weighted charcoal, stalk fermentation thing, yellow soil, Vermiculitum and inorganic fertilizer
Mix homogeneously, uses trough mixers mix homogeneously, prepares Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of a kind of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of charcoal: after Caulis et Folium Oryzae is pulverized, through oven for drying, temperature be 500 DEG C,
Retort under isolation air conditions heats 2.5h, prepares charcoal granule, be charcoal；
2) fermentation of stalk fermentation thing: with rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae as raw material, both ratios are body
Long-pending ratio 1:1, by raw material pulverizing to 0.5～the powdery of about 1.0cm size, with rice husk
With the quality total amount meter of Caulis et Folium Oryzae, the excrement of animals adding weight/mass percentage composition 10%～20% (can
Think the one of cattle manure, pig manure, chicken manure etc.), inoculate straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and 8%
Paddy soils heap fermentation form, control moisture content 80%, heap enters in fermentation vat to ferment,
After temperature raises, machinery turning every day is once；The middle pH value measuring fermented product, passes through
Adding Calx maintains pH to be 7.2；Treat that fermented product color becomes taupe, at a temperature of be down to
Less than 30 DEG C no longer rise, and show that stalk fermentation terminates, make compound, are stalk fermentation
Thing；Wherein, inoculation straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium includes the strain (CICC20669 of decomposition of cellulose
Cellumomonas flavigena), decompose lignin strain (CICC20085 Bacillus licheniformis)
And rhizosphere growth-promoting endophytic bacteria (the huge bud of CICC23701 Bacillus cercus, CICC21694
Spore bacillus)；Each microbial inoculum is prepared as powder, mixes according to volume ratio 3:5:1:2；Straw
The matter of the total amount of the mixture of decomposing agent special bacterium and rice husk, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, excrement of animals and paddy soils
Amount ratio is 1:150；
3) weigh, stalk fermentation thing is dried, cross 12 mesh sieves, weigh biology according to volume ratio
Charcoal 15 parts, stalk fermentation thing 25 parts, yellow soil 30 parts and Vermiculitum 20 parts；With 10m3's
The stereometer of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, weighs following inorganic fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer 15g, phosphate fertilizer 6g,
Potash fertilizer 10g；
4) by load weighted charcoal, stalk fermentation thing, yellow soil, Vermiculitum and inorganic fertilizer
Mix homogeneously, uses trough mixers mix homogeneously, prepares Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of a kind of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of charcoal: after Caulis et Folium Oryzae is pulverized, through oven for drying, temperature be 450 DEG C,
Retort under isolation air conditions heats 3h, prepares charcoal granule, be charcoal；
2) fermentation of stalk fermentation thing: with rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae as raw material, both ratios are body
Long-pending ratio 1:1, by raw material pulverizing to 0.5～the powdery of about 1.0cm size, with rice husk
With the quality total amount meter of Caulis et Folium Oryzae, the excrement of animals adding weight/mass percentage composition 10% (can be cattle
The one of excrement, pig manure, chicken manure etc.), inoculate the rice field of straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and 10%
Soil heap fermentation forms, and control moisture content is 80%, and heap enters in fermentation vat to ferment, and works as temperature
After degree raises, machinery turning every day is once；The middle pH value measuring fermented product, by adding
Calx maintains pH to be 7.0；Treat that fermented product color becomes taupe, at a temperature of be down to 30 DEG C
Hereinafter no longer rise, show that stalk fermentation terminates, make compound, be stalk fermentation thing；
Wherein, inoculation straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium includes the strain (CICC20669 of decomposition of cellulose
Cellumomonas flavigena), decompose lignin strain (CICC20085 Bacillus licheniformis)
And rhizosphere growth-promoting endophytic bacteria (the huge bud of CICC23701 Bacillus cercus, CICC21694
Spore bacillus)；Each microbial inoculum is prepared as powder, mixes according to volume ratio 3:5:1:2；Straw
The matter of the total amount of the mixture of decomposing agent special bacterium and rice husk, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, excrement of animals and paddy soils
Amount ratio is 1:100；
3) weigh, stalk fermentation thing is dried, cross 12 mesh sieves, weigh biology according to volume ratio
Charcoal 10 parts, stalk fermentation thing 30 parts, yellow soil 25 parts and Vermiculitum 25 parts；With 10m3's
The stereometer of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, weighs following inorganic fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer 12g, phosphate fertilizer 7g,
Potash fertilizer 5g；
4) by load weighted charcoal, stalk fermentation thing, yellow soil, Vermiculitum and inorganic fertilizer
Mix homogeneously, uses trough mixers mix homogeneously, prepares Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of a kind of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of charcoal: after Caulis et Folium Oryzae is pulverized, through oven for drying, temperature be 550 DEG C,
Retort under isolation air conditions heats 2h, prepares charcoal granule, be charcoal；
2) fermentation of stalk fermentation thing: with rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae as raw material, both ratios are body
Long-pending ratio 1:1, by raw material pulverizing to 0.5～the powdery of about 1.0cm size, with rice husk
With the quality total amount meter of Caulis et Folium Oryzae, the excrement of animals adding weight/mass percentage composition 20% (can be cattle
The one of excrement, pig manure, chicken manure etc.), inoculate the rice field of straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and 5%
Soil heap fermentation forms, and control moisture content is 80%, and heap enters in fermentation vat to ferment, and works as temperature
After degree raises, machinery turning every day is once；The middle pH value measuring fermented product, by adding
Calx maintains pH to be 7.5；Treat that fermented product color becomes taupe, at a temperature of be down to 30 DEG C
Hereinafter no longer rise, show that stalk fermentation terminates, make compound, be stalk fermentation thing；
Wherein, inoculation straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium includes the strain (CICC20669 of decomposition of cellulose
Cellumomonas flavigena), decompose lignin strain (CICC20085 Bacillus licheniformis)
And rhizosphere growth-promoting endophytic bacteria (the huge bud of CICC23701 Bacillus cercus, CICC21694
Spore bacillus)；Each microbial inoculum is prepared as powder, mixes according to volume ratio 3:5:1:2；Straw
The matter of the total amount of the mixture of decomposing agent special bacterium and rice husk, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, excrement of animals and paddy soils
Amount ratio is 1:200；
3) weigh, stalk fermentation thing is dried, cross 12 mesh sieves, weigh biology according to volume ratio
Charcoal 20 parts, stalk fermentation thing 15 parts, yellow soil 35 parts and Vermiculitum 15 parts；With 10m3's
The stereometer of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, weighs following inorganic fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer 18g, phosphate fertilizer 4g,
Potash fertilizer 16g；
4) by load weighted charcoal, stalk fermentation thing, yellow soil, Vermiculitum and inorganic fertilizer
Mix homogeneously, uses trough mixers mix homogeneously, prepares Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance.
Here is one group of contrast test, and with common paddy soil substrate as matched group, test group makes
With the seedling raising ground substance of embodiment one to three, test processes three times and repeats, and rice varieties is middle Zhejiang
Excellent No. 1, carry out sowing seedling after early stage Medicament soaked seed, accelerating germination.Water is observed after 20 days
Rice sprouts upgrowth situation.
The situation of table 1 rice seedling growth
Described above illustrate and describes some preferred embodiments of the present invention, but as it was previously stated,
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to form disclosed herein, is not to be taken as other real
Execute the eliminating of example, and can be used for other combinations various, amendment and environment, and can be in this paper institute
State in invention contemplated scope, be modified by above-mentioned teaching or the technology of association area or knowledge.
And the change that those skilled in the art are carried out and change are without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the most all
Should be in the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, it is characterised in that include that charcoal, straw are sent out
Ferment thing, yellow soil, Vermiculitum and inorganic fertilizer；Wherein, charcoal, stalk fermentation thing, yellow mud
The volume ratio of soil and Vermiculitum is 10～20:15～30:25-35:15-25；Inorganic fertilizer includes
Nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide；Every 10m3Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance in, containing nitrogen
Fertile 12～18g, phosphate fertilizer 4～7g, potash fertilizer 5～16g.
Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State charcoal to prepare in the following manner: after Caulis et Folium Oryzae is pulverized, through oven for drying, in temperature
Degree, for heating 2-3h in 450-550 DEG C and retort under completely cutting off air conditions, prepares biology
Charcoal granule, is charcoal.
Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State stalk fermentation thing to prepare in the following manner: with rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae as raw material, both
Ratio is volume ratio 1:1, by raw material pulverizing to 0.5～the powdery of 1.0cm size, with
The quality total amount meter of rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae, adds the excrement of animals of weight/mass percentage composition 10%～20%；
Inoculate straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium, and add the paddy soils of weight/mass percentage composition 5%～10%
Carrying out heap fermentation to form, and control moisture content 80%, heap enters in fermentation vat to ferment,
After temperature raises, machinery turning every day is once；The middle pH value measuring fermented product, passes through
Adding Calx maintains pH to be 7.0-7.5；Treating that fermented product color becomes taupe, temperature declines
No longer rising to less than 30 DEG C, stalk fermentation terminates；Make compound, be stalk fermentation
Thing；Wherein, straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and rice husk, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, excrement of animals and paddy soils is mixed
The mass ratio of the total amount of compound is 1:100～200；Described inoculation straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium bag
Include the strain of the decomposition of cellulose that volume ratio is 3:5:3, the strain decomposing lignin and root
Border growth-promoting antibacterial, the strain of described decomposition of cellulose is CICC20669 Cellumomonas flavigena；
The strain of described decomposition lignin is CICC20085 Bacillus licheniformis；Described rhizosphere growth-promoting
The strain of antibacterial is CICC23701 Bacillus cercus and CICC21694 bacillus megaterium
Mixture；Described CICC23701 Bacillus cercus and CICC21694 huge spore bar
The volume ratio of bacterium is 1:2；Described excrement of animals is the one of cattle manure, pig manure or chicken manure.
Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute
Stating nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium sulfate, and phosphate fertilizer is calcium magnesium phosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium chloride.
5. the preparation method of an Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, it is characterised in that include following
Step:
1) preparation of charcoal；
2) preparation of stalk fermentation thing；
3) weigh, stalk fermentation thing is dried, cross 12 mesh sieves, weigh biology according to volume ratio
Charcoal 10 parts～20 parts, stalk fermentation thing 15 parts～30 parts, yellow soil 25 parts-35 parts and trematodiasis
15 parts-25 parts of stone；With 10m3The stereometer of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance, weigh following nothing
Machine fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer 12～18g, phosphate fertilizer 4～7g, potash fertilizer 5～16g；
4) by load weighted charcoal, stalk fermentation thing, yellow soil, Vermiculitum and inorganic fertilizer
Mix homogeneously, uses trough mixers mix homogeneously, prepares Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance.
The preparation method of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance the most according to claim 5, it is special
Levying and be, the preparation of described charcoal is particularly as follows: after Caulis et Folium Oryzae pulverizes, through oven for drying,
Temperature is to heat 2-3h in 450-550 DEG C and retort under completely cutting off air conditions, prepares raw
Thing charcoal granule, is charcoal.
The preparation method of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance the most according to claim 5, it is special
Levy and be, the preparation of described stalk fermentation thing particularly as follows: with rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae as raw material, both
Ratio be volume ratio 1:1, by raw material pulverizing to 0.5～the powdery of 1.0cm size,
In terms of the quality total amount of rice husk and Caulis et Folium Oryzae, add the animal manure of weight/mass percentage composition 10%～20%
Just；Inoculate straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and the rice field mound of weight/mass percentage composition 5%～10%
Long-pending fermentation forms, wherein, and straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium and rice husk, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, excrement of animals and rice
The mass ratio of the total amount of the mixture of field soil is 1:100～200, makes the aqueous of above-mentioned compound
Rate controls 80%, and heap enters in fermentation vat to ferment, and after temperature raises, every day, machinery turned over
Heap is once；The middle pH value measuring fermented product, maintains pH to be 7.2 by adding Calx；
Treat that fermented product color becomes taupe, at a temperature of be down to less than 30 DEG C and no longer rise, show straw
Stalk fermentation ends, makes compound, is stalk fermentation thing.
The preparation method of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance the most according to claim 7, it is special
Levying and be, described inoculation straw decomposing inoculant special bacterium includes that the decomposition that volume ratio is 3:5:3 is fine
The strain of dimension element, the strain decomposing lignin and rhizosphere growth-promoting endophytic bacteria.
The preparation method of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance the most according to claim 7, it is special
Levying and be, described excrement of animals is the one of cattle manure, pig manure or chicken manure；Described nitrogenous fertilizer is sulphuric acid
Ammonium, phosphate fertilizer is calcium magnesium phosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium chloride.
The preparation method of Oryza sativa L. charcoal base seedling raising ground substance the most according to claim 7, it is special
Levying and be, the strain of described decomposition of cellulose is CICC20669 Cellumomonas flavigena；Institute
The strain stating decomposition lignin is CICC20085 Bacillus licheniformis；Described rhizosphere growth-promoting is thin
The strain of bacterium is CICC23701 Bacillus cercus and CICC21694 bacillus megaterium
Mixture；Described CICC23701 Bacillus cercus and CICC21694 bacillus megaterium
Volume ratio be 1:2.
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