CN101381251B - Ecological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ecological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101381251B CN101381251B CN2008102227601A CN200810222760A CN101381251B CN 101381251 B CN101381251 B CN 101381251B CN 2008102227601 A CN2008102227601 A CN 2008102227601A CN 200810222760 A CN200810222760 A CN 200810222760A CN 101381251 B CN101381251 B CN 101381251B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ecotype type organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The method is characterized in that the ecotype type organic fertilizer is formed by dairy manure leavening, a plant crushing material and bone meal through crushing, even mixing and secondary fermentation. The ecotype type organic fertilizer comprises the following formula in weight percentage: 50 to 75percent of the dairy manure leavening, 8 to 25 percent of the plant crushing material and 12 to 30 percent of the bone meal. The organic fertilizer can effectively inhibit or kill underground pests and pest eggs, cultivate soil fertility, lighten secondary salinization of the vegetable field, in particular the old vegetable field, promote the restoration of ecological balance of the vegetable field and substantially reduce the usage of pesticide and fertilizer in the vegetable field .
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological organic fertilizer, specifically relate to a kind of be by cattle manure thing, Plant Powder mince, bone meal is through pulverizing, mix the ecological organic fertilizer that Secondary Fermentation forms.
Background technology
For the higher vegetable field soil of multiple crop index because partially execute, the lavishment chemical fertilizer, the problem that soil productivity decline, soil pass insect aggravation and soil secondary salinization usually appears, cause the underproduction reduction of income even total crop failure.Soil-borne disease harm is on the rise, and has become the principal element of limiting protecting ground vegetables production development, and especially in some old vegetable-growing areas, it is unusually serious to fall ill, and the degree that can not produce has again been developed in partial area.For a long time, prevent and treat soil-borne disease and use liquid medicine jet always and water or mix the ditch spread of medicine soil, the processing soil of spreading manuer in holes, how undesirable its prevention effect is, and efficiency time is short, and cost is higher, causes Land pollution, further increases the weight of salinization.Quote external steam or methyl bromide fumigation soil is expensive, inconvenient spread.The way that soil deeptillage is exposed to the sun has the advantage of economical and convenient, nontoxic pollution-free, but is subjected to weather and temperature effect larger.
For defective and the side effect of chemical fertilizer, people have developed some organic fertilizer:
The patent No. be ZL99115401.0DE patent disclosure a kind of preparation method of ecological organic fertilizer, select chicken manure, mushroom bacterium culture medium waste residue, bran and unslaked lime mixing secondary fermentation; Ferment complete after, adds ferrous sulfate and sal epsom, and regulate the pH value with phosphoric acid solution and sulphuric acid soln, and the adding formalin carries out sterilization, add at last urea.
The patent No. be ZL00108085.7 patent disclosure a kind of ecological organic fertilier and manufacture method thereof, it is by the fermentation fertilizer, azotobacteria fertilizer, silicate potash fertilizer, trace element, wilkinite and cake fertilizer form.
Patent application 02152155.7,200710114655.1 and 200710113002.1 discloses respectively a kind of method of utilizing municipal wastes to produce environment protection ecological fertilizer.
Yet these organic fertilizer mix with inorganic fertilizer after fermentation by fertilizer, can only solve the hardening soil and salinization problem, also do not have so far a kind of energy establishment or kill the fertilizer that soil passes insect.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defective of prior art, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecological organic fertilizer.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned ecological organic fertilizer.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of ecological organic fertilizer is minced and bone meal forms by cattle manure thing, Plant Powder, and its prescription is for by weight percentage:
Cattle manure product 50～75%;
Bone meal 12～30%;
Plant Powder minces 8～25%;
Wherein, the cattle manure product is to comprise that by weight percentage water ratio is that the fermented mixture of 70%～85% cow dung 60～75%, the porous peat composed of rotten mosses 5～25%, straw powder 0～10%, vinasse 0～8% and beer slag 0～10% forms.
The screening formulation of ecological organic fertilizer of the present invention is by weight percentage:
Cattle manure product 60%～70%;
Bone meal 15～25%;
Plant Powder minces 10～25%;
Wherein, the cattle manure product is to comprise that by weight percentage water ratio is that the fermented mixture of 70%～85% cow dung 65～70%, the porous peat composed of rotten mosses 10～20%, straw powder 5～10%, vinasse 5～8% and beer slag 5～10% forms.
Another preferred version of the present invention is: it is at least a blade in mountain green soy bean, margosa, the seal chinaberry and/or the crushed material of limb that Plant Powder minces.
An again preferred version of the present invention is: add at least a in urea, carbon ammonium, the lime nitrogen in the cattle manure product; The urea that wherein adds accounts for 0～0.1% of mixture total mass, and the carbon ammonium accounts for 0～0.3% of mixture total mass, and lime nitrogen accounts for 0～0.6% of mixture total mass.
A present invention again preferred version is: add the microbial inoculant that accounts for mixture total mass 0.5～5% in the cattle manure product.
A present invention again preferred version is: microbial inoculant is at least a in enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent, VT-100, VT-1000 microbial inoculums.
A present invention again preferred version is: bone meal is that at least a in dry ox bone, pig bone, sheep bone, the fish-bone makes through pulverizing.
The preparation method of cattle manure product may further comprise the steps:
(1) taking by weighing by weight percentage water ratio is that 70%～85% cow dung 60%～75%, the porous peat composed of rotten mosses 5%～25%, straw powder 0%～10%, vinasse 0%～8%, beer slag 0%～10% mix to get mixture;
(2) mass ratio with at least a mixture C/N with step (1) gained of urea, carbon ammonium, lime nitrogen is adjusted to 25～30:1, and organic content is adjusted to 45%～65%; The urea that wherein adds account for the mixture total mass 0～0.1%, the carbon ammonium accounts for 0～0.3%, lime nitrogen accounts for 0～0.6%;
(3) mixture with step (2) gained changes compost reactor over to, adds the composting promoter that accounts for described mixture total weight 0.5～5%;
(4) temperature when compost reactor rises to 50 ℃～60 ℃, and every turning in 3～5 days once, composting gets the cattle manure product after 10～15 days.
Wherein: the preparation method of ecological organic fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) take by weighing by weight percentage 50%～75% cattle manure product, 8%～25% Plant Powder minces and 12%～30% bone meal, pulverize, change over to behind the mixing in the storage bin of hot a heatable brick bed system,
(2) carry out the fermentation second time and moisture evaporation, make the storage bin temperature remain on 40～60 ℃, every turning in 3～5 days once, finished for the second time fermentation after banking up 15～20 days,
(3) material after for the second time fermentation sieves, detects the qualified ecological organic fertilier product of namely making.
Described screening is carried out the product sub-sieve for the material after will fermenting for the second time by conveying belt input Ф 5mm order sizing screen, and the fines after the screening is finished product.Coarse fodder (〉 5.0mm after the screening) can be back in the compost mixture after crushed.
Described this hot a heatable brick bed system is the hot a heatable brick bed system of patent " a kind of preparation method who uses the refined organic fertilizer of mud preparation " described in (ZL200610122219.4), comprises storage bin, interlayer, pipeline, lagging material and automatic temperature control component etc.The storage bin outside is interlayer, evenly be provided with pipeline in the outer covering insulation material interlayer of interlayer, the external thermal source of pipeline utilizes the Bidirectional circulation heating storage bin of warm air, make the storage bin temperature remain on 40～60 ℃, so that the evaporation of the fermentation second time of compost and moisture.
The screening fines bed blending quality of ecological organic fertilier of the present invention detects all technical requirement that meets organic fertilizer standard (NY525-2002) regulation.
The mensuration of carbon-nitrogen ratio is to measure respectively organic content and the total nitrogen content of compost material according to organic fertilizer standard (NY525-2002), then multiply by again reduction factor with organic content and draw full carbon content, be carbon-nitrogen ratio with full carbon divided by the ratio of full nitrogen at last.
Enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent among the present invention is the large magnificent biological factory production in Huaian, Jiangsu, VT among the present invention-100, VT-1000 microbial inoculums are that Beijing Voto Sky ﹠ Land Biotech Co., Ltd. produces, microbial inoculant is owing to have extremely strong aerobic fermentation capacity of decomposition, but quick composting organic materials, than the time shorten 1/2 of Natural compost, and can obviously improve the fertilizer nutrient utilization ratio.
Lime nitrogen (CaCN
2) be under heating condition, to react generation by granulated carbide and nitrogen, be applicable to acid soil.
Be rich in the rotenoid active insecticidal components such as tubatoxin, elliptolone, trifoliate jewelvine phenolic ketone in the mountain green soy bean plant materials crushed material during the Plant Powder that the present invention adopts minces; The active ingredient that contains the Insecticiding-miticidings such as nimbin in the margosa plant materials crushed material; Contain the active insecticidal components such as margosa tree element, melianotriol and nimbin in the seal chinaberry plant materials crushed material.The Plant Powder that the present invention adopts minces and insect is had poisoning, food refusal, interference are laid eggs, interference insect makes a variation, and makes it can't change in quality for adult, repellent larva and suppresses the effect of its growth.The hormonal substances such as the steroid in its activeconstituents and the insect body and steroid are closely similar, so they can enter the vital process of pest body internal interference insect, thereby kill off the insect pests, and are difficult for again causing the resistance of insect.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
(1) ecological organic fertilizer of the present invention can suppress or kill subterranean pest-insect and worm's ovum thereof effectively, fertilizing soil, alleviate the secondary salinization in especially old vegetable plot, vegetable plot, promote the vegetable plot recover the original ecological balance, the agricultural chemicals in decrease vegetable plot and fertilizer application amount improve vegetable plot Sustainable Production ability.
(2) the present invention utilizes the industrial or agricultural organic waste to produce fertilizer, turns waste into wealth, and simultaneously for crop provides various nutrient elements, realizes the recycle of waste, adapts to the requirement of the Scientific Outlook on Development.
(3) simple, the processing ease of production technique of the present invention, easy to use, starting material wide material sources, less investment are convenient to large scale application.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation method's of the present invention process flow diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Concrete steps and the processing condition of preparation process of the present invention are as follows:
(1) getting water ratio is 70% cow dung 75% (weight percent, lower with), the porous peat composed of rotten mosses 7%, straw powder 10%, vinasse 8% mixing in proportion, regulate compost material C/N (mass ratio) to 30:1 with urea, carbon ammonium, lime nitrogen etc., regulate compost material organic content to 60%.Then change compost material over to compost reactor, add accounting for VT-100 microbial inoculum of compost material gross weight 0.25% and 0.25% VT-1000 microbial inoculum.Compost temperature begins turning when rising to 50 ℃, stirred once every 5 days, and composting finished to form the cattle manure product in 15 days afterwards.
(2) Plant Powder minces and adopts the mountain green soy bean to print the blade of chinaberry and the crushed material of limb, and bone meal adopts dry ox bone and pig bone to make through pulverizing, cross 40 mesh sieves.Take by weighing in proportion that 75% cattle manure product, 13% Plant Powder mince, 12% bone meal, pulverize, change over to behind the mixing in the storage bin of hot a heatable brick bed system, to store and hide that temperature regulation to 40 ℃ is carried out fermentation second time and moisture evaporates, every turning in 5 days once, composting is finished for the second time fermentation after 15 days, screening, the qualified ecological organic fertilizer product of namely making of detection.
Embodiment 2
(1) getting water ratio is 70% cow dung 60% (weight percent, lower with), the porous peat composed of rotten mosses 5%, straw powder 10% mixing in proportion, select urea to regulate compost material C/N (mass ratio) to 30:1, the compost material organic content is adjusted to 45%.Then change compost material over to compost reactor, add the enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent that accounts for compost material gross weight 0.5%.Compost temperature begins turning when rising to 50 ℃, stirred once every 5 days, and composting finished to form the cattle manure product in 10 days afterwards.
(2) Plant Powder minces and adopts mountain green soy bean, margosa and the blade of seal chinaberry and the crushed material of limb, bone meal to adopt dry ox bone, sheep bone and fish-bone to make through pulverizing, cross 40 mesh sieves.Take by weighing in proportion that 62% cattle manure product, 8% Plant Powder mince, 30% bone meal, pulverize, change over to behind the mixing in the storage bin of hot a heatable brick bed system, storage bin temperature regulation to 50 ℃ is carried out the fermentation second time and moisture evaporates, every turning in 5 days once, composting is finished for the second time fermentation after 15 days, screening, the qualified ecological organic fertilizer product of namely making of detection.
Embodiment 3
Concrete steps and the processing condition of preparation process of the present invention are as follows:
(1) getting water ratio is 85% cow dung 60% (weight percent, lower with), the porous peat composed of rotten mosses 25%, straw powder 5%, vinasse 8%, beer slag 2% mixing in proportion, regulate compost material C/N (mass ratio) to 25:1 with urea, carbon ammonium, the compost material organic content is adjusted to 45%, then changes compost material over to compost reactor.Add VT-100 microbial inoculum that accounts for compost material gross weight 5%.Compost temperature begins turning when rising to 60 ℃, stirred once every 3 days, and composting forms the cattle manure product after 10 days.
(2) Plant Powder minces and adopts mountain green soy bean, margosa and the blade of seal chinaberry and the crushed material of limb, bone meal to adopt dry fish-bone to make through pulverizing, cross 40 mesh sieves.Take by weighing in proportion that 50% cattle manure product, 20% Plant Powder mince, 30% bone meal, pulverize, change over to behind the mixing in the storage bin of hot a heatable brick bed system, carry out the fermentation second time and moisture evaporation, make the storage bin temperature remain on 45 ℃, every turning in 3 days once, composting is finished for the second time fermentation after 20 days, screening, the qualified ecological organic fertilizer product of namely making of detection.
Embodiment 4
Concrete steps and the processing condition of preparation process of the present invention are as follows:
(1) getting water ratio is 75% cow dung 70% (weight percent, lower with), the porous peat composed of rotten mosses 14%, straw powder 8%, beer slag 8% mixing in proportion, select urea, carbon ammonium, lime nitrogen to regulate compost material C/N (mass ratio) to 28:1, the compost material organic content is adjusted to 50%, then change compost material over to compost reactor, add the enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent that accounts for compost material gross weight 2%.Compost temperature begins turning when rising to 55 ℃, stirred once every 4 days, and composting finished to form the cattle manure product in 12 days afterwards.
(2) Plant Powder minces and adopts mountain green soy bean, margosa and the blade of seal chinaberry and the crushed material of limb, bone meal to adopt dry ox bone, pig bone, sheep bone and fish-bone to make through pulverizing, cross 40 mesh sieves.Take by weighing in proportion that 65% cattle manure product, 20% Plant Powder mince, 15% bone meal, pulverize, change over to behind the mixing in the storage bin of hot a heatable brick bed system, carry out the fermentation second time and moisture evaporation, make the storage bin temperature remain on 50 ℃, every turning in 5 days once, composting is finished for the second time fermentation after 16 days, screening, the qualified ecological organic fertilizer product of namely making of detection.
Embodiment 5
Concrete steps and the processing condition of preparation process of the present invention are as follows:
(1) getting water ratio is 73% cow dung 66% (weight percent, lower with), the porous peat composed of rotten mosses 25%, vinasse 4%, beer slag 5% mixing in proportion, regulate compost material C/N (mass ratio) to 26:1 with urea, carbon ammonium, lime nitrogen etc., compost material organic content per-cent is adjusted to 55%, then change compost material over to compost reactor, add VT-1000 microbial inoculum that accounts for compost material gross weight 1%.Compost temperature begins turning when rising to 58 ℃, stirred once every 3 days, and composting finished to form the cattle manure product in 14 days afterwards.
(2) Plant Powder minces and adopts mountain green soy bean, margosa and the blade of seal chinaberry and the crushed material of limb, bone meal to adopt dry ox bone and fish-bone to make through pulverizing, cross 40 mesh sieves.Take by weighing that 63% cattle manure product, 25% Plant Powder mince, 12% bone meal, pulverize, change over to behind the mixing in the storage bin of hot a heatable brick bed system, carry out the fermentation second time and moisture evaporation, make the storage bin temperature remain on 48 ℃, every turning in 4 days once, composting is finished for the second time fermentation after 19 days, screening, the qualified ecological organic fertilizer product of namely making of detection.
Embodiment 6
The effect of using
Mu is executed this product of 200kg on the old vegetable plot of planting continuously more than 5 years, mu is executed the commercially available refined organic fertilizer of 200kg and is done reference, organic fertilizer is not contrast, take cabbage heart as the indication crop, by continuous 3 batches dynamic monitoring, the impact that different Organic Manure on Soil harmful nematodes and soil soluble salts contg are used in research.Research finds to use the quantity that harmful nematode in the soil of this product all is starkly lower than other 2 processing, respectively more commercially available refined organic fertilizer process and not organic fertilizer process and reduced 61.2.0%, 89.4% (3 batches averages).Do not reduced by 29.1% before the soil soluble salts contg is executed behind the continuous administration ecological organic fertilizer.Use refined organic fertilizer and not the organic fertilizer soil dissoluble significant reduction (seeing Table 1) has been arranged.This species diversity has reflected the soil harmful nematode that this product can effectively be killed, and reduces the vegetable field soil salinification.
Table 1 different fertilization is for the variation of examination soil soluble salts contg
Annotate: each is processed and uses the equivalent chemical fertilizer, and mu is used domestic composite fertilizer (15-15-15) 60～80kg, divides and uses for 3～4 times; Lowercase represents through Duncan multiple comparisons significant difference (P＜0.05)
Claims (5)
1. ecological organic fertilizer it is characterized in that being minced and bone meal forms by cattle manure thing, Plant Powder, and its prescription is for by weight percentage:
Cattle manure product 50-75%;
Bone meal 12-30%;
The Plant Powder 8-25% that minces;
Wherein, the cattle manure product is to comprise that by weight percentage water ratio is that the fermented mixture of 70%-85% cow dung 60-75%, porous peat composed of rotten mosses 5-25%, straw powder 5-10%, vinasse 5-8% and beer slag 5-10% forms;
It is blade at least a in mountain green soy bean, margosa, the seal chinaberry and/or the crushed material of limb that Plant Powder minces;
Add the microbial inoculant account for mixture total mass 0.5-5% in the described cattle manure product, described microbial inoculant is at least a in enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent, VT-100, the VT-1000 microbial inoculum.
2. an ecological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is minced and bone meal forms by cattle manure thing, Plant Powder, and its prescription is for by weight percentage:
Cattle manure product 60%-70%;
Bone meal 15-25%;
The Plant Powder 10-25% that minces;
Wherein, the cattle manure product is to comprise that by weight percentage water ratio is that the fermented mixture of 70%-85% cow dung 65-70%, porous peat composed of rotten mosses 10-20%, straw powder 5-10%, vinasse 8% and beer slag 5-10% forms.
3. ecological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that adding in the described cattle manure thing at least a in urea, carbon ammonium, the lime nitrogen; The urea that wherein adds accounts for 0.1% of mixture total mass, and the carbon ammonium accounts for 0.3% of mixture total mass, and lime nitrogen accounts for 0.6% of mixture heavy amount.
4. ecological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described bone meal is that at least a in dry ox bone, pig bone, sheep bone, the fish-bone makes through pulverizing.
5. ecological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the preparation method of described cattle manure product may further comprise the steps:
(1) taking by weighing by weight percentage water ratio is that cow dung 60%-75%, porous peat composed of rotten mosses 5%-25%, straw powder 5-10%, vinasse 5-8% and the beer slag 5-10% of 70%-85% mixes to get mixture;
(2) mass ratio with at least a mixture C/N with step (1) gained of urea, carbon ammonium, lime nitrogen is adjusted to 25-30: 1, and organic content is adjusted to 45%-65%;
(3) mixture with step (2) gained changes compost reactor over to, adds the microbial inoculant account for described mixture total weight 0.5%-5%, and described microbial inoculant is at least a in enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent, VT-100, the VT-1000 microbial inoculum;
(4) temperature when compost reactor rises to 50 ℃-60 ℃, every turning in 3-5 days once, gets the cattle manure product after banking up 10-15 days.
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| CN116693336A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-09-05 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Cow dung organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN116577489A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-08-11 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for verifying effectiveness of cow dung organic fertilizer |
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