CN108484257A - A kind of seedling medium, preparation method and the seedling-cultivation plate comprising it - Google Patents
A kind of seedling medium, preparation method and the seedling-cultivation plate comprising it Download PDFInfo
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- CN108484257A CN108484257A CN201810283849.2A CN201810283849A CN108484257A CN 108484257 A CN108484257 A CN 108484257A CN 201810283849 A CN201810283849 A CN 201810283849A CN 108484257 A CN108484257 A CN 108484257A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B5/00—Thomas phosphate; Other slag phosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of seedling medium, preparation method and comprising the seedling-cultivation plate of the seedling medium, seedling medium includes the raw material of following parts by weight：0.8 72 parts of 80 90 parts of stalk, 10 20 parts of straw charcoal, 5 15 parts of animal wastes, 5 15 parts of clinker, 0.04 0.05 parts of fermenting microbe and water.The seedling medium physical behavior of the present invention is loose, pH value is moderate, water imbibition is strong, permeability is good, nutrient composition content is high, compared with commercially available common seedling medium, it can make that rice seedling growth is rapid, take root, radical is more, well developed root system, hundred plants of fresh weight height, no matter built up from plant forms or dry matter accumulation, reaches the best seedling quality needed for Rice Production.The present invention takes full advantage of stalk this regenerated resources, can not only reduce environmental pollution caused by crop straw burning, and can also effectively solve salt-soda soil seedling and fetch earth difficulty, bed soil shortage of resources, the problems such as seedling cost is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seedling-raising technique fields, and in particular to a kind of rice seedling medium, preparation method and include this
The seedling-cultivation plate of seedling medium.
Background technology
Rice is one kind of draft Oryza, is main most long one kind as grain in Oryza, in the world nearly one
Half population is all using rice as staple food crop, therefore the quality of Rice Cropping is related to the existence of the mankind.In rice cultivation
Before, it is usually required for carrying out seedling cultivation of rice, and the core of seedling-raising technique is the selection of seedling medium.Seedling medium is to be exclusively used in
The Nutrition Soil of nursery can provide nutrient in entire breeding time for seedling, be the key that nurturing staff.Currently, in agricultural production
Common seedling nutritious soil is using turfy soil as primary raw material mostly, and the main place of production of turfy soil is the Northeast of China, by ground
Domain limits and is non-renewable resources, fetches earth and destroys farmland arable land and cause resource exhaustion, destroys the ecological balance, therefore find
It is very necessary that a kind of economic and environment-friendly, reproducible rice nursery substrate, which replaces non-renewable resources,.
As Chinese patent literature CN107266202A provides a kind of organic paddy rice nursery base prepared using furfural dregs
Matter, including following components：Fermentation substrate, wood vinegar, ground phosphate rock and potassium breeze；The fermentation substrate is furfural dregs, straw charcoal, chicken
The product after heap fermentation is built in excrement and water mixing；The volume ratio 3-8 of the furfural dregs, straw charcoal, chicken manure:1-2:1；The fermentation base
The mass ratio of the volume of matter and the quality of wood vinegar, the quality of ground phosphate rock and potassium breeze is：1m3:5-20kg:0.5-1.5kg:1-
2kg.Furfural dregs used in the raw material of the matrix are the wastes generated during biomass by hydrolyzation, salt content compared with
Height, when use, need to consider salt content, and salt damage is avoided to act on, while ground phosphate rock and potassium mine part only being used to provide phosphorus, potassium element, micro-
Secondary element is unbalanced.
Invention content
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the nutrition present in existing rice nursery substrate uneven
Weighing apparatus, the defect for aggravating salt damage, to provide a kind of balanced and without side-effects rice seedling medium of nutrition, preparation method and
Include the seedling-cultivation plate of the seedling medium.
For this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of seedling medium, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
80-90 parts of stalk, 10-20 parts of straw charcoal, 5-15 parts of animal wastes, 5-15 parts of clinker, fermenting microbe 0.04-0.05
0.8-72 parts of part and water.
Preferably, the clinker is high phosphorus slag.
The seedling medium, the fermenting microbe are mass ratio (3-5)：The saccharomycete of (5-7) and lactic acid bacteria.
The seedling medium, the saccharomycete are Candida, and bacteria containing amount is (5-10) × 108CFU/g。
The seedling medium, the lactic acid bacteria are plant lactobacillus, and bacteria containing amount is (12-30) × 108CFU/g。
The seedling medium, the straw charcoal are that stalk is warming up to 450-650 under the rate of heat addition of 1-5 DEG C/min
DEG C and the product residence time be 1-3s under conditions of solid product obtained from thermal cracking occurs.
The seedling medium, the stalk are mass ratio (7-8)：1 maize straw and rice straw.
The seedling medium, the stalk, straw charcoal, animal wastes, clinker grain size be 40-60 mesh.
The present invention provides a kind of methods preparing above-mentioned seedling medium, include the following steps：
S1, stalk is mixed, stacking, overlay film with fermenting microbe, water, in 10-40 DEG C of heat-preservation fermentation 10-15 days, obtains stalk
Decomposed material；
S2, by straw decomposing material and straw charcoal, animal wastes, clinker mixture to obtain the final product.
The method for preparing seedling medium, the turning when stacking temperature reaches 50-60 DEG C；And/or
In step S2, with agitating mode mixture 3-5 minutes of 20-30r/min.
The present invention provides a kind of seedling-cultivation plates, including the seedling medium or the seedling medium made from the above method.
Technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages that：
1, seedling medium provided by the invention, raw material composition include stalk, the 10-20 parts by weight of 80-90 parts by weight
Straw charcoal, the animal wastes of 5-15 parts by weight, the clinker of 5-15 parts by weight, 0.04-0.05 parts by weight fermenting microbe and 0.8-72
The water of parts by weight.Stalk is transformed into straw decomposing material by the present invention by using fermenting microbe, then with straw charcoal, animal wastes and
Clinker mixture, so as to coordinated effect be generated between above-mentioned each raw material, so that the seedling medium physical behavior pine of the present invention
It dissipates, pH value compared with commercially available common seedling medium, can make water in acid, water imbibition is strong, permeability is good, nutrient composition content is high
Rice sprouts growth is rapid, plant height compared with it is high, take root, radical is more, well developed root system, packing ability are strong, hundred plants of fresh weight height, it is resistant to lodging with
Disease resistance is good, no matter is built up from plant forms or dry matter accumulation, reaches the best seedling quality needed for Rice Production.And
And seedling medium of the invention can be rolled directly after nursery mature seedling and be inserted into Honda together with rice shoot, be resolved into this Tanaka
Easily by the organic fertilizer of rice absorbing and humus, to enhance soil fertility and crop disease-resistant ability.As it can be seen that the nursery base of the present invention
Matter is both a kind of soilless culture substrate and a kind of good soil conditioner.
The seedling medium of the present invention takes full advantage of stalk this regenerated resources, can not only reduce crop straw burning and be brought
Environmental pollution, and can also effectively solve salt-soda soil seedling and fetch earth difficulty, bed soil shortage of resources, the problems such as seedling cost is high,
Develop for innoxious, inexpensive, the low-carbon direction of seedling-cultivation technique and provide new way.
2, seedling medium provided by the invention, by selecting mass ratio (3-5)：The saccharomycete of (5-7) and lactic acid bacteria conduct
The fermenting microbe of stalk has quick heating compared with common stalk fermentation strain-single saccharomycete, not by temperature limiting,
The advantages that low temperature ferments as usual.
Since conventional nutrient soil is neutrality-alkalescence, it is unfavorable for seedling growth, seedling quality is poor, and rice shoot is in meta-acid
Property under the conditions of grow preferable, root of hair is good, so the upper nursery conventional method of production needs modulator tune sour, to promote seedling growth,
Reduce disease.The present invention uses Bacillus acidi lactici so that the pH value of fermentate is 6.5-6.8, is in subacidity, is consequently formed
Seedling medium is conducive to seedling growth, stalwartness, and need not adjust sour processing；This seedling medium passes through hot fermentation, ruderal species
Son has been killed, and reduces seedbed closing weeding medication, while hot fermentation also kills the germ for making crop generate disease, subtracts
Seedbed damping-off control medication is lacked；Process is simple, reduces cost, reduces Pesticide use amount and pollution.
3, seedling medium provided by the invention, it is fast by using the heating by ad hoc approach-by stalk in 1-5 DEG C/min
Be warming up under rate 450-650 DEG C and product residence time be 1-3s under conditions of the obtained straw charcoal of thermal cracking occurs, and it is normal
The obtained straw charcoal of rule method for destructive distillation is compared, organic matter quality more preferably, soluble activating content of organics higher, can reach improvement
The function of soil and carrying nutrient, is good soil conditioner and fertilizer slow release material, can promote plant growth, realize volume increase
It increases income.
4, seedling medium provided by the invention, it is preferred to use mass ratio (7-8)：1 maize straw and rice straw, it is excellent
Gesture is that the silicon content in rice straw is high, is 9-13wt%, can significantly improve Soil Silica element nutritional condition, meet rice pair
The absorption of silicon element improves rice root vigor, adjusts internal nitrogen and phosphoric acid nutrition, and plant epidermal cell wall siliceousization is made to increase
By force, anti-fall, disease resistance is improved.
5, seedling medium provided by the invention uses clinker for raw material, can make the good permeability of seedling medium, and can be retained
Fertilizer conservation.
6, seedling medium provided by the invention, using farm manure such as animal wastes as raw material, source is wide, quantity
Greatly, it convenient for gathering materials on the spot, uses on the spot, cost is also relatively low.Farm manure containing nutriment it is more comprehensive, not only contain nitrogen,
Phosphorus, potassium, but also containing calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron and some trace elements, these nutrients are in organic matter state more, by soil
The fermentation of chemical physical action and microorganism in earth is decomposed, and nutrient is made gradually to discharge, thus fertilizer efficiency is long and stablize, and can
To reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizer.In addition, applications of farmyard manure material may advantageously facilitate the formation of soil aggregate structure, make loosing soil,
Increase water conservation, heat preservation, ventilative, fertilizer conservation ability.
7, the preparation method of seedling medium provided by the invention, by the way that stalk fermentation is obtained straw decomposing material, then by straw
The decomposed material of stalk and straw charcoal, animal wastes, clinker mixture are easy to operate, of low cost up to seedling medium, efficiently solve
Seedling cultivation of rice fetch earth difficulty, bed soil shortage of resources, seedling cost high and environmental pollution the problems such as.
The preparation method of the present invention, quick heating, not by low temperature effect, subzero 30 degrees Celsius also can normal fermentation, highest
Temperature is up to 70-80 degrees Celsius.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of seedling-cultivation plate obtained in embodiment 7；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view in the directions seedling-cultivation plate A-A in Fig. 1.
Specific implementation mode
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific embodiment, unless otherwise stated, disclosed in this invention
Experimental method be all made of the art routine techniques, used reagent and raw material are available on the market in embodiment.
In the following embodiments, the production stage of seedling-cultivation plate ontology includes：Waste paper is put into pulping pond so that waste paper
Paper pulp fiber is resolved into, subsequently into mud pit, the impurity in fibre stuff is removed；Fibre stuff is sequentially sent to be molded
Wet base is made in machine, steam-water separator and vacuum pump, while extra water enters clear water reserviors, dries wet base material, and molding obtains
Seedling-cultivation plate ontology.Wherein, molding machine include into material pond, molding machine ontology and drying materials output device, it is described enter material pond with
The molding machine ontology is connected by pipeline, and the molding machine ontology is connected with the drying materials output device by conveyer belt
Connect, the molding machine ontology is connected with steam-water separator, the steam-water separator with it is described enter material pond connect, the molding machine sheet
Body is connected with drying line with the drying materials output device interlude；It is described enter material pond include pulping pond, mud pit and clear
Pond, the pulping pond are connect with the mud pit by pipeline, and the mud pit is connect with the clear water reserviors by pipeline, institute
State pulping pond with it is described enter material pond connect by pipeline；The vacuum pump is connected on the steam-water separator.
During the stalk fermentation of following embodiments, need to uniformly it be spilt into straw according to the aqueous situation of stalk itself
The dosage of water, water is：For the water content of stalk in 20wt% or less, 800 kilograms of water is added in every 1000 kilograms of stalks；Stalk contains
For water in 20wt%-40wt%, 400-800 kilograms of water is added in every 1000 kilograms of stalks；The water content of stalk is in 40wt%-
When 70wt%, 100-400 kilograms of water is added in every 1000 kilograms of stalks；The water content of stalk is in 70wt% or more, every 1000 kilograms
10-100 kilograms of water is added in stalk.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method preparing seedling medium is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps：
(1) maize straw 75kg, rice straw 10kg, chicken manure 10kg and high phosphorus slag 10kg are weighed, by stalk, chicken manure and height
It is 50 mesh that phosphorus slag crushes respectively；
(2) water of 50kg is uniformly spilled into the stalk crushed, it is 8 × 10 to add bacteria containing amount8The false silk ferment of CFU/g
Female bacterium 0.0135kg and bacteria containing amount are 20 × 108The plant lactobacillus 0.0315kg of CFU/g, stirs evenly, stacking, overlay film,
Heat-preservation fermentation at 30 DEG C, turning is primary when stacking temperature reaches 50 DEG C, and fermentation obtains straw decomposing material after 12 days；
(3) straw decomposing material and straw charcoal 15kg, chicken manure, high phosphorus slag are uniformly mixed, mixing speed 20r/
Min, mixing time are 4 minutes, to which seedling medium be made.
The straw charcoal used in the present embodiment is that stalk is warming up to 550 DEG C under the rate of heat addition of 3 DEG C/min and product stops
The time is stayed as solid product obtained from thermal cracking occurs under conditions of 2s.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method preparing seedling medium is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps：
(1) maize straw 70kg, rice straw 10kg, cow dung 15kg and high phosphorus slag 15kg are weighed, it is 40 that stalk, which is crushed,
It is 60 mesh that mesh, cow dung and high phosphorus slag crush respectively；
(2) it is 5 × 10 to bacteria containing amount after being uniformly spilled into the water of 72kg in the stalk crushed, is added8The vacation of CFU/g
Silk saccharomycete 0.025kg and bacteria containing amount are 30 × 108The plant lactobacillus 0.025kg of CFU/g, stirs evenly, stacking, overlay film,
At 40 DEG C, successively, fermentation obtains straw decomposing material after 10 days for turning when stacking temperature reaches 55 DEG C；
(3) straw decomposing material and straw charcoal 20kg, cow dung, high phosphorus slag are uniformly mixed, mixing speed 25r/
Min, mixing time are 5 minutes, to which seedling medium be made.
The straw charcoal used in the present embodiment is that stalk is warming up to 650 DEG C under the rate of heat addition of 5 DEG C/min and product stops
The time is stayed as solid product obtained from thermal cracking occurs under conditions of 1s.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method preparing seedling medium is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps：
(1) maize straw 80kg, rice straw 10kg, pig manure 5kg and high phosphorus slag 5kg are weighed, it is 60 mesh that stalk, which is crushed,
It is 40 mesh that pig manure and high phosphorus slag crush respectively；
(2) to will uniformly be spilled into the water of 0.8kg in the stalk crushed, it is 10 × 10 to add bacteria containing amount8The vacation of CFU/g
Silk saccharomycete 0.015kg and bacteria containing amount are 12 × 108The plant lactobacillus 0.025kg of CFU/g, stirs evenly, stacking, overlay film,
It is kept the temperature at 10 DEG C, turning is primary when stacking temperature reaches 60 DEG C, and fermentation obtains straw decomposing material after 15 days；
(3) straw decomposing material and straw charcoal 10kg, pig manure, high phosphorus slag are uniformly mixed, stirring mixing speed is
30r/min, mixing time are 3 minutes, to which seedling medium be made.
The straw charcoal used in the present embodiment is that stalk is warming up to 450 DEG C under the rate of heat addition of 1 DEG C/min and product stops
The time is stayed as solid product obtained from thermal cracking occurs under conditions of 3s.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method preparing seedling medium is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps：
(1) wheat stalk 72kg, rice straw 10kg, pig manure 5kg, chicken manure 7kg and high phosphorus slag 8kg are weighed, by straw powder
Broken is 45 mesh, and it is 55 mesh that pig manure and chicken manure, which crush, and broken high phosphorus slag powder is 60 mesh；
(2) to will uniformly be spilled into the water of 34kg in the stalk crushed, it is 6 × 10 to add bacteria containing amount8The false silk of CFU/g
Saccharomycete 0.020kg and bacteria containing amount are 25 × 108The plant lactobacillus 0.028kg of CFU/g, stirs evenly, stacking, overlay film,
Heat-preservation fermentation at 20 DEG C, turning is primary when stacking temperature reaches 52 DEG C, and fermentation obtains straw decomposing material after 12 days；
(3) straw decomposing material and straw charcoal 17kg, pig manure, high phosphorus slag are uniformly mixed, mixing speed 28r/
Min, mixing time are 3 minutes, to which seedling medium be made.
The straw charcoal used in the present embodiment is that stalk is warming up to 520 DEG C under the rate of heat addition of 4 DEG C/min and product stops
The time is stayed as solid product obtained from thermal cracking occurs under conditions of 2s.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method preparing seedling medium is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps：
(1) cotton stalk 77kg, rice straw 10kg, cow dung 6kg, chicken manure 3kg and high phosphorus slag 11kg are weighed, by straw powder
Broken is 55 mesh, and it is 45 mesh that cow dung and chicken manure, which crush, and broken high phosphorus slag powder is 50 mesh；
(2) water of 61kg is uniformly spilled into the stalk crushed, it is 9 × 10 to add bacteria containing amount8The Candida of CFU/g
Bacterium 0.0168kg and bacteria containing amount are 15 × 108The plant lactobacillus 0.0252kg of CFU/g, stirs evenly, stacking, overlay film, 25
Heat-preservation fermentation at DEG C, turning is primary when stacking temperature reaches 57 DEG C, and fermentation obtains straw decomposing material after 11 days；
(3) straw decomposing material and straw charcoal 13kg, pig manure, high phosphorus slag are uniformly mixed, mixing speed 23r/
Min, mixing time are 4 minutes, to which seedling medium be made.
The straw charcoal used in the present embodiment is that stalk is warming up to 610 DEG C under the rate of heat addition of 2 DEG C/min and product stops
The time is stayed as solid product obtained from thermal cracking occurs under conditions of 1s.
Embodiment 6
(1) maize straw 85kg, cow dung 3kg, pig manure 10kg and high phosphorus slag 9kg are weighed, it is 50 mesh, cow dung that stalk, which is crushed,
It is 60 mesh to be crushed with pig manure, and broken high phosphorus slag powder is 55 mesh；
(2) water of 43kg is uniformly spilled into the stalk crushed, it is 7 × 10 to add bacteria containing amount8The false silk ferment of CFU/g
Female bacterium 0.0135kg and bacteria containing amount are 28 × 108The plant lactobacillus 0.0315kg of CFU/g, stirs evenly, stacking, overlay film,
Heat-preservation fermentation at 35 DEG C, turning is primary when stacking temperature reaches 58 DEG C, and fermentation obtains straw decomposing material after 11 days；
(3) straw decomposing material and straw charcoal 16kg, cow dung, pig manure, high phosphorus slag are uniformly mixed, mixing speed is
26r/min, mixing time are 4 minutes, to which seedling medium be made.
The straw charcoal used in the present embodiment is that stalk is warming up to 480 DEG C under the rate of heat addition of 4 DEG C/min and product stops
The time is stayed as solid product obtained from thermal cracking occurs under conditions of 3s.
Embodiment 7
Seedling medium obtained in a kind of seedling-cultivation plate, including ontology and embodiment 1 is present embodiments provided, such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
Shown, ontology is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and length 580mm, width 280mm are highly 8mm, there is evenly distributed length on ontology
The wide high respectively lower recess body of 13.5mm × 14mm × 4mm, is arranged the seedling medium in the nest body.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of method preparing seedling medium, includes the following steps：
(1) maize straw 75kg, rice straw 10kg, chicken manure 10kg and high phosphorus slag 10kg are weighed, by stalk, chicken manure and height
It is 50 mesh that phosphorus slag crushes respectively；
(2) water of 50kg is uniformly spilled into the stalk crushed, it is 8 × 10 to add bacteria containing amount8The false silk ferment of CFU/g
Female bacterium 0.045kg, stirs evenly, stacking, overlay film, the heat-preservation fermentation at 30 DEG C, the turning one when stacking temperature reaches 50 DEG C
Secondary, fermentation obtains straw decomposing material after 12 days；
(3) straw decomposing material and straw charcoal 15kg, chicken manure, high phosphorus slag are uniformly mixed, mixing speed 20r/
Min, mixing time are 4 minutes, to which seedling medium be made.
The straw charcoal used in this comparative example is that stalk is warming up to 550 DEG C under the rate of heat addition of 3 DEG C/min and product stops
The time is stayed as solid product obtained from thermal cracking occurs under conditions of 2s.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a kind of method preparing seedling medium, includes the following steps：
(1) maize straw 75kg, rice straw 10kg, chicken manure 10kg and high phosphorus slag 10kg are weighed, by stalk, chicken manure and height
It is 50 mesh that phosphorus slag crushes respectively；
(2) water of 50kg is uniformly spilled into the stalk crushed, it is 8 × 10 to add bacteria containing amount8The false silk ferment of CFU/g
Female bacterium 0.0135kg and bacteria containing amount are 20 × 108The plant lactobacillus 0.0315kg of CFU/g, stirs evenly, stacking, overlay film,
Heat-preservation fermentation at 30 DEG C, turning is primary when stacking temperature reaches 50 DEG C, and fermentation obtains straw decomposing material after 12 days；
(3) straw decomposing material and straw charcoal 15kg, chicken manure, high phosphorus slag are uniformly mixed, mixing speed 20r/
Min, mixing time are 4 minutes, to which seedling medium be made.
The straw charcoal used in this comparative example is made by the following method：Straw is packed into retort, at 450 DEG C
Under, starvation pyrolytic reaction be 8h, solid product is obtained after cooling.
Effect example 1
Experimental group nursery in common vinyl house, common nursery set it is horizontally-arranged on bed put 5 seedling-cultivation plates, it is longitudinal
50 seedling-cultivation plates are put, 2 nursery set bed and put 500 seedling-cultivation plates altogether, are nursery base obtained in embodiment 1 in seedling-cultivation plate
Matter；
The nursery in same vinyl house of control group 1, it is common set it is horizontally-arranged on bed put 5 seedling-cultivation plates, longitudinally put
30 seedling-cultivation plates put 150 seedling-cultivation plates altogether, are seedling medium obtained in comparative example 1 in seedling-cultivation plate；
The nursery in same vinyl house of control group 2, it is common set it is horizontally-arranged on bed put 5 seedling-cultivation plates, longitudinally put
30 seedling-cultivation plates put 150 seedling-cultivation plates altogether, are seedling medium obtained in comparative example 2 in seedling-cultivation plate；
The nursery in same vinyl house of control group 3, it is common set it is horizontally-arranged on bed put 5 seedling-cultivation plates, longitudinally put
30 seedling-cultivation plates put 150 seedling-cultivation plates altogether, are to add the conventional seedling nutrition that animal wastes are mixed into table soil in seedling-cultivation plate
Soil.
The rice varieties Ji round-grained rice 88 for choosing disease-free strain, after vernalization, by 0.5kg/m2Amount respectively uniformly sowing in reality
It tests in the seedling-cultivation plate of group, control group 1, control group 2 and control group 3, sprinkles profoundly water, overlay film moisturizing, heat preservation, moisturizing when water shortage, emergence
Normal management afterwards.Control group 3 closes chemical weeding with butachlor soil, and thiram, the prevention of metalaxyl confection are sprayed after emergence
Damping-off, in 1.5 leaf phase top dressing of rice shoot 2 times, 2 top dressing intervals 8 days impose 2.3 jin of urea for hundred square metres every time.
In seedling growth 15 days, 28 age in days, it is fresh to investigate the plant height of rice shoot, root long, radical, leaf age and hundred plants for multidraw
Weight, the results are shown in Table 1.
1 rice seedling growing state of table
By table 1 as it can be seen that carrying out nursery using seedling medium made from the embodiment of the present invention, the seedling growth cultivated is fast
Speed, plant height is higher, and hundred plants of fresh weights are big, and radical is more, well developed root system, and the quality of seedlings is good.
Effect example 2
The nursery in common vinyl house of experimental group 1, common nursery set it is horizontally-arranged on bed put 5 seedling-cultivation plates, indulge
To 50 seedling-cultivation plates are put, 2 nursery set bed and put 500 seedling-cultivation plates altogether, are nursery base obtained in embodiment 1 in seedling-cultivation plate
Matter；
The nursery in common vinyl house of experimental group 2, common nursery set it is horizontally-arranged on bed put 5 seedling-cultivation plates, indulge
To 50 seedling-cultivation plates are put, 2 nursery set bed and put 500 seedling-cultivation plates altogether, are nursery base obtained in embodiment 6 in seedling-cultivation plate
Matter；
The nursery in same vinyl house of control group 1, it is common set it is horizontally-arranged on bed put 5 seedling-cultivation plates, longitudinally put
30 seedling-cultivation plates put 150 seedling-cultivation plates altogether, are seedling medium obtained in comparative example 1 in seedling-cultivation plate；
The nursery in same vinyl house of control group 2, it is common set it is horizontally-arranged on bed put 5 seedling-cultivation plates, longitudinally put
30 seedling-cultivation plates put 150 seedling-cultivation plates altogether, are seedling medium obtained in comparative example 2 in seedling-cultivation plate；
The nursery in same vinyl house of control group 3, it is common set it is horizontally-arranged on bed put 5 seedling-cultivation plates, longitudinally put
30 seedling-cultivation plates put 150 seedling-cultivation plates altogether, are to add the conventional seedling nutrition that animal wastes are mixed into table soil in seedling-cultivation plate
Soil.
The rice varieties Ji round-grained rice 88 for choosing disease-free strain, after vernalization, by 0.5kg/m2Amount respectively uniformly sowing in reality
Test group 1, experimental group 2, control group 1, control group 2 and control group 3 seedling-cultivation plate in, sprinkle profoundly water, overlay film moisturizing, heat preservation, when water shortage
Moisturizing.Normal management after emergence, control group 3 closes chemical weeding with butachlor soil, in 1.5 leaf phase top dressing of rice shoot 2 times, 2 times
Top dressing interval 8 days imposes 2.3 jin of urea for hundred square metres every time.Rice field, rice field normal pipe are inserted into 30 age in days of seedling growth
Reason.
Before rice harvesting 7 days investigate, pour in separately volt, tiltedly volt, slightly tilt and it is 4 grades upright, record lodge area account for experiment face
Long-pending percentage, the results are shown in Table 2.
Disease-resistant sex investigation：Blast resisting situation is investigated, stationary phase investigation occurs in fringe pest, divides 9 grades, 0 grade：It is disease-free；1 grade：
5% or less is lost per fringe；3 grades：6%~20% is lost per fringe；5 grades：21%~50% is lost per fringe；7 grades：51% is lost per fringe
~70%；9 grades：71%~100% is lost per fringe.Statistics and calculating the disease index, (morbidities at different levels of disease index=100 × ∑
Number × typical value at different levels)/(investigation sum × highest typical value), it the results are shown in Table 3.
2 lodging resistance in rice situation of table
| Grouping | It lodges (%) | Tiltedly volt (%) | Slightly tilt (%) | Uprightly (%) | Evaluation |
| Experimental group 1 | 0 | 2.3 | 11.3 | 86.4 | It is resistant to lodging |
| Experimental group 2 | 1.2 | 5.7 | 12.6 | 80.5 | It is resistant to lodging |
| Control group 1 | 3.7 | 10.2 | 20.2 | 65.9 | It is more resistant to lodging |
| Control group 2 | 2.8 | 9.4 | 22.3 | 65.5 | It is more resistant to lodging |
| Control group 3 | 5.6 | 13.8 | 25.9 | 54.7 | It is easier to lodge |
As can be seen from Table 2, the rice shoot that seedling medium is cultivated made from the embodiment of the present invention 1 is tiltedly lied prostrate without lodging plant
Slightly inclination plant is less, and lodging resistance is good.Using the lodging resistance for the rice shoot that seedling medium is cultivated made from the embodiment of the present invention 6
Take second place.
3 paddy disease-resistant implementations of table
As can be seen from Table 3, the disease index for the rice shoot that seedling medium made from the embodiment of the present invention 1 is cultivated is 18.17,
Morbidity radix is at 7 grades hereinafter, improving the disease resistance of rice shoot.It is cultivated using seedling medium made from the embodiment of the present invention 6
The disease resistance of rice shoot take second place.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of seedling medium, which is characterized in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：
80-90 parts of stalk, 10-20 parts of straw charcoal, 5-15 parts of animal wastes, 5-15 parts of clinker, 0.04-0.05 parts of fermenting microbe and
0.8-72 parts of water.
2. seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fermenting microbe is mass ratio (3-5)：(5-7)
Saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria.
3. seedling medium according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the saccharomycete is Candida, and bacteria containing amount is
(5-10)×108CFU/g。
4. seedling medium according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the lactic acid bacteria is plant lactobacillus, contains bacterium
Amount is (12-30) × 108CFU/g。
5. according to claim 1-4 any one of them seedling mediums, which is characterized in that the straw charcoal be stalk 1-5 DEG C/
Be warming up under the rate of heat addition of min 450-650 DEG C and product residence time be 1-3s under conditions of occur obtained from thermal cracking
Gu product.
6. according to claim 1-5 any one of them seedling mediums, which is characterized in that the stalk is mass ratio (7-8)：1
Maize straw and rice straw.
7. according to claim 1-6 any one of them seedling mediums, which is characterized in that the stalk, straw charcoal, animal excreta
Just, the grain size of clinker is 40-60 mesh.
8. a kind of method preparing claim 1-7 any one of them seedling mediums, includes the following steps：
S1, stalk is mixed, stacking, overlay film with fermenting microbe, water, in 10-40 DEG C of heat-preservation fermentation 10-15 days, obtains straw decomposing
Material；
S2, by straw decomposing material and straw charcoal, animal wastes, clinker mixture to obtain the final product.
9. the method according to claim 8 for preparing seedling medium, which is characterized in that when stacking temperature reaches 50-60 DEG C
When turning；And/or
In step S2, with agitating mode mixture 3-5 minutes of 20-30r/min.
10. a kind of seedling-cultivation plate, which is characterized in that comprising claim 1-7 any one of them seedling medium or by claim 8
Or seedling medium made from the method described in 9.
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| CN109220705A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-18 | 宁夏大地云农科技有限公司 | A kind of ecology organic substrate bag cultivating method |
| CN110235651A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-09-17 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of straw biomass seedling-cultivation plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN110622821A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-31 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Saline-alkali-resistant rice seedling raising substrate |
| CN111052951A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 秦启双 | Straw rice integration sprout cultivation dish |
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| CN106431576A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-02-22 | 南京沃优生物肥业有限公司 | Rice seedling-raising substrate for rice transplanter and preparation method of rice seedling-raising substrate |
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| CN109220705A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-18 | 宁夏大地云农科技有限公司 | A kind of ecology organic substrate bag cultivating method |
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| CN110235651A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-09-17 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of straw biomass seedling-cultivation plate and preparation method thereof |
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