CN104327858B - A kind of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer and its passivating method to heavy metal-polluted soil - Google Patents
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer and its passivating method to heavy metal-polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104327858B CN104327858B CN201410486172.4A CN201410486172A CN104327858B CN 104327858 B CN104327858 B CN 104327858B CN 201410486172 A CN201410486172 A CN 201410486172A CN 104327858 B CN104327858 B CN 104327858B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
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- A62D2101/43—Inorganic substances containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state
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Abstract
Field, more particularly to a kind of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer and its passivating method to heavy metal-polluted soil, including following components are passivated the present invention relates to heavy metal-polluted soil, each component is by percentage to the quality：Carbide slag 8% 40%, bacteria residue 45% 70% and calcium superphosphate 8% 28%.Compound stabilizer of the present invention can be used for the passivation of heavy metal in soil.The invention provides a kind of with low cost, easy to operate, wide material sources, easy to spread, both various heavy in soil can be passivated stable, fertile soil, the purpose of improved soil property can be reached again, while carrying out the soil heavy metal combined stabilizer of solid waste recycling to carbide slag, bacteria residue.
Description
Technical field
Field, more particularly to a kind of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer and its to soil are passivated the present invention relates to heavy metal-polluted soil
The passivating method of earth heavy metal.
Background technology
In recent years, with Chinese Industrialization and the continuous propulsion of urbanization, soil contamination problem is on the rise, heavy metal-polluted
Dye can not only cause the change of composition of the soil, 26S Proteasome Structure and Function, additionally it is possible to suppress crop root growth and photosynthesis, cause
Make crop failure or even total crop failure.What is more important, heavy metal is also possible to move to animal, in human body by food chain, seriously
Endanger animal, health.The heavy metal pollutions such as cadmium rice, arsenic poison, blood lead endanger all reports common in recent years, and heavy metal-polluted soil is dirty
Dye has become one of common problem for being received much attention in soil pollution.
Common remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil mainly has peripheral doses, chemical remediation, biological prosthetic and agriculture tune
Control technology etc..Wherein, chemical passivation/technique for fixing due to its can quickly, significantly reduce heavy metal biological effectiveness and
Toxicity and be widely used.Passivating technique mainly reduces the mobility and biologically effective of heavy metal in soil by passivator
Property, heavy metal can not but be removed from soil, but it is present in soil in more stable form.At present, can by with
Making the material of heavy metal deactivator/stabilizer has natural zeolite, turf, ground phosphate rock, quick lime etc., these material costs compared with
It is high, poor using eurytopicity, it can seriously change the original physicochemical property of soil after excessive application.So, targetedly select one
Kind or the permanent passivator of a variety of efficiency highs, stability are the keys in the technology practical application.
Carbide slag is the trade waste that the enterprises such as chemical industry, machinery largely give off during preparation of ethyne by carbide.By
It is in strong basicity in carbide slag and percolate, stores up infiltration and cause saline Land, and polluted underground water, is raised while basic slag is grey
Dustiness contaminates surrounding enviroment, jeopardizes resident living and healthy, therefore carbide slag is included ii by national environmental protection department
The requirement of class general industrial solid waste is managed.Carbide slag alkalinity is high, and main chemical compositions are Ca (OH)2, i.e. white lime.
Carbide slag has been applied in fields such as building, chemical industry, metallurgy, agriculturals, if make full use of the alkaline nature of carbide slag by its
For the stabilization processes of heavy-metal contaminated soil, the improvement of contaminated soil can be both realized, is also recycled for the disposal of carbide slag
There is provided a new approaches, with good environmental benefit.
Numerous studies show that organic matter is added into contaminated soil can be for the heavy metal in passivation soil.Make
For effective heavy metal complexing agent, organic substance can be by forming insoluble petal-organic double compound, increase soil cation
Exchange capacity (CEC), reduces the water-soluble state and exchangeable species component of heavy metal in soil, so as to reduce its plant availability.It is conventional
Have green manure, lignite, cultivation excrement thing, organic compost, turf and crop material etc..Bacteria residue is left after the various edible mushrooms of cultivation
Organic solid waste, common processing mode is to bank up on the spot or burning disposal, on the one hand causes the huge of agriculture organic resource
It is big to waste；On the other hand the deterioration of surrounding environment is caused, bacterial reproduction, transmission, this does not allow as many rural areas
The environmental problem of ignorance.Bacteria residue/mushroom residue is rich in nutritional ingredients, micro- life also with substantial amounts such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Thing group, bacteria residue surface has the adsorptivity such as great amount of hydroxy group, phosphoryl, phenolic group functional group, to the heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, Cr from
Son has stronger adsorption capacity, bacteria residue once applying into soil, you can with free in soil enliven state heavy metal from
The reactions such as absorption complexing occur for son, so that heavy metal ion is complexed, chelates or adsorbed fixation.Bacteria residue is used as a kind of agricultural solid
Body waste, manufacture and application cost relative moderate, and wide material sources, have larger answer in terms of heavy-metal contaminated soil improvement
Use potentiality.
Meanwhile, phosphate fertilizer is also a kind of soil heavy metal passivant of phosphorus containg substances the most frequently used at present.But, it is used alone
Phosphate fertilizer Passivation Treatment has certain limitation.Phosphate fertilizer is fine but weaker to other heavy metal effects to the passivation effect of lead, its
Stabilization effect is single, and heavy metal element has certain selectivity.The addition of phosphate fertilizer when administering the pollution of large area
Demand is big, generally can all exceed normal crop field fertilising consumption, easily cause the loss of phosphorus, bring the environment of secondary pollution hidden
Suffer from.Thus, the selectivity of phosphate fertilizer heavy metal, amount of application are big, cost is high, all limit itself the features such as there is environmental risk
More extensive utilization.
If carbide slag, bacteria residue, phosphate fertilizer triplicity can be used for into the improvement and life of heavy-metal contaminated soil as stabilizer
State is recovered, and both the heavy metal in soil can be passivated into stabilization, the effect of fertile soil can be reached again, is reduced as far as possible to soil
The destruction of matter, is conducive to the recycling of soil.Simultaneously, moreover it is possible to reduce rehabilitation cost, the recycling profit of solid waste is realized
With reaching the doulbe-sides' victory purpose of " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another ".
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention has designed and developed a kind of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer and its application, mesh
Be a kind of with low cost, easy to operate, wide material sources are provided, it is easy to spread, various heavy in soil can be both passivated
It is stable, fertile soil, the purpose of improved soil property can be reached again, while carrying out the soil of solid waste recycling to carbide slag, bacteria residue
Heavy metal compound stabilizer.
The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is：
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, including following components, each component is by percentage to the quality：
Carbide slag 8%-40%, bacteria residue 45%-70% and calcium superphosphate 8%-28%.
Preferably, in described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, the mass percent of each component is：
Carbide slag 35%, bacteria residue 57% and calcium superphosphate 8%.
Preferably, in described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, the carbide slag is that calcium carbide hydrolysis obtains acetylene gas
Waste residue after body, main component is calcium hydroxide, and it is standby to cross 10 mesh sieves after the air-dried grinding of the waste residue.
Preferably, in described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, the bacteria residue is the training after edible fungus culturing is harvested
Base is supported, after 70-80 DEG C of compost maturity, is dried, it is standby that size-reduced machine crushed 40 mesh sieves.
Preferably, in described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, the calcium superphosphate selects commercially available phosphate fertilizer, including Ca
(H2PO4)2·H2O and phosphoric acid free on a small quantity, containing the effective P of 14%-20%2O5。
Preferably, described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer is in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, including following
Step：
Step 1: carbide slag, bacteria residue, calcium superphosphate are mixed in proportion, it is sufficiently stirred for that compound stabilizer is made；
Step 2: the compound stabilizer in step one is mixed for 1: 5-35 in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal pollution
Close, stir, soil conservation moistening；
Step 3: reaction 3-30 days after, the heavy metal ion in contaminated soil be converted into relatively stable subcarbonate,
Heavy metal-organic complex of hydroxide sediment, phosphate mineral and indissoluble.
Preferably, described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer is in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, the step
In two, the water that quality adds 20%-80% is air-dried by soil, makes the humidity that soil conservation is certain.
Preferably, described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer is in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, including following
Step：
Step 1: carbide slag is mixed in proportion with the soil by heavy metal pollution, stir, the stable 3-14 of passivation
My god, keep ground moistening；
Step 2: the mixture that calcium superphosphate and step one are obtained is mixed in proportion, stir, the stable 3-14 of passivation
My god, keep soil moisture content identical with step one；
Step 3: the mixture that bacteria residue and step 2 are obtained is mixed in proportion, stir, passivation is stable, keep soil
Earth moisture content is identical with step one, and the heavy metal ion in contaminated soil is converted into relatively stable subcarbonate, hydroxide
Heavy metal-organic complex of thing sediment, phosphate mineral and indissoluble.
Preferably, described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer is in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, the step
First, the water that quality adds 20%-80% is air-dried by soil in step 2 and step 3.
Preferably, described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer is in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, from step one
Add carbide slag to step 3 and add bacteria residue untill passivation terminates, altogether passivation reaction 7-30 days.
Soil heavy metal combined stabilizer of the present invention and its in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, stable composition
Agent is rationally to make use of carbide slag, bacteria residue and calcium superphosphate to the mechanism of action of copper, lead, zinc, cadmium etc., has given full play to three kinds of originals
The collective effect of material.Carbide slag mainly promotes heavy metal to be converted to carbonate and hydrogen by alkaline matter therein lifting soil pH
Oxide precipitation, bacteria residue is then to occur complexing, chelatropic reaction by organic matter and heavy metal to generate the heavy metal complex of indissoluble,
Phosphate fertilizer, so as to reduce the mobility of heavy metal, weakens the harm of heavy metal in soil by generating calcium phosphate precipitation.Three is mixed
Compound stabilizer is prepared into altogether to add by heavy metal ion contaminated soil, can effectively be passivated the huge sum of money in stable soil
Category；If three separately adds processing according to certain sequencing, the raw material first added can be combined rapidly with heavy metal,
Reaction is more abundant, and reduces and be thoroughly mixed in processing that raw material therein is the drawbacks of react, the heavy metal stablizing effect of gained
More preferably.
Heavy metal in soil can not only be passivated stabilization, and the raw material used by compound stabilizer of the present invention
Environment friendly is stronger, raising soil organic matter content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) that can be by a relatively large margin, reaches the purpose of fertile soil.Should
Compound stabilizer raw material sources are easy to get extensively, and preparation and application is simple and easy to apply, and rehabilitation cost is low, realize industrial solid and give up
The recycling of gurry and agricultural waste, reaches the doulbe-sides' victory purpose of " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another ".
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the process step of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the process step of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the process step of the embodiment of the present invention 6；
Fig. 4 is passivating method schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
The present invention provides a kind of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, including following components, and each component is by percentage to the quality：
Carbide slag 8%-40%, bacteria residue 45%-70% and calcium superphosphate 8%-28%.
In described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, the mass percent of each component is：
Carbide slag 35%, bacteria residue 57% and calcium superphosphate 8%.
In described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, the carbide slag is that calcium carbide hydrolyzes giving up after acquisition acetylene gas
Slag, main component is calcium hydroxide, and it is standby to cross 10 mesh sieves after the air-dried grinding of the waste residue.
In described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, the bacteria residue is the culture medium after edible fungus culturing is harvested, and is passed through
After 70-80 DEG C of compost maturity, dry, it is standby that size-reduced machine crushed 40 mesh sieves.
In described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, the calcium superphosphate selects commercially available phosphate fertilizer, including Ca (H2PO4)2·
H2O and phosphoric acid free on a small quantity, containing the effective P of 14%-20%2O5。
Described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer comprises the following steps to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil：
Step 1: carbide slag, bacteria residue, calcium superphosphate are mixed in proportion, it is sufficiently stirred for that compound stabilizer is made；
Step 2: the compound stabilizer in step one is mixed for 1: 5-35 in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal pollution
Close, stir, soil conservation moistening；
Step 3: reaction 3-30 days after, the heavy metal ion in contaminated soil be converted into relatively stable subcarbonate,
Heavy metal-organic complex of hydroxide sediment, phosphate mineral and indissoluble.
Described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer is in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, in the step 2, by soil
Earth air-dries the water that quality adds 20%-80%, makes the humidity that soil conservation is certain.
Described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer is in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, comprising the following steps：
Step 1: carbide slag is mixed in proportion with the soil by heavy metal pollution, stir, the stable 3-14 of passivation
My god, keep ground moistening；
Step 2: the mixture that calcium superphosphate and step one are obtained is mixed in proportion, stir, the stable 3-14 of passivation
My god, keep soil moisture content identical with step one；
Step 3: the mixture that bacteria residue and step 2 are obtained is mixed in proportion, stir, passivation is stable, keep soil
Earth moisture content is identical with step one, and the heavy metal ion in contaminated soil is converted into relatively stable subcarbonate, hydroxide
Heavy metal-organic complex of thing sediment, phosphate mineral and indissoluble.
Described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer is described Step 1: step 2 in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil
With the water for air-drying quality addition 20%-80% in step 3 by soil.
Described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer is in the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, carbide slag is added from step one
Bacteria residue is added untill passivation terminates to step 3, altogether passivation reaction 7-30 days.
The heavy metal in contaminated soil handled by the present invention is mainly copper, lead, zinc, cadmium.Foundation《Solid waste leaches poison
Property leaching method sulfonitric method》(HJ/T299-2007) leaching experiment is carried out, is cut down according to the concentration of infusion solution heavy metal
Degree judges the stabilization efficiency of compound stabilizer heavy metal.Soil environment quality after reparation meets country《Hazardous waste
Judging standard leaching characteristic identification》(GB5085.3-2007) requirement.
Embodiment 1
A kind of heavy metal pollution of soil compound stabilizer, including following components, each component is by percentage to the quality：
Carbide slag 35%, bacteria residue 57% and calcium superphosphate 8%.
Described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, to be thoroughly mixed processing method, is wrapped to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil
Include following steps：
Step 1: carbide slag 17.5g, bacteria residue 28.5g and calcium superphosphate 4g are mixed, it is sufficiently stirred for that stable composition is made
Agent；
Step 2: the compound stabilizer 50g in step one is mixed with the soil 500g by heavy metal pollution, stirring is equal
It is even, the water that quality adds 40% is air-dried by soil, makes the humidity that soil conservation is certain；
Step 3: after reacting 7 days, the heavy metal ion in contaminated soil is converted into relatively stable subcarbonate, hydrogen
Heavy metal-organic complex of oxide precipitation thing, phosphate mineral and indissoluble.Its Leaching concentration is shown in Table 1.
Toxicity leaching concentration mg/L before and after the passivation of the heavy metal in soil of table 1
Embodiment 2
A kind of heavy metal pollution of soil compound stabilizer, including following components, each component is by percentage to the quality：
Carbide slag 35%, bacteria residue 57% and calcium superphosphate 8%.
Described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, separately to add processing method, is wrapped to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil
Include following steps：
Step 1: carbide slag 17.5g is mixed with the soil 500g by heavy metal pollution, stir, passivation stablizes 3
My god, the water that quality adds 40% is air-dried by soil, makes the humidity that soil conservation is certain；
Step 2: calcium superphosphate 4g is mixed with the mixture that step one is obtained, stir, passivation is stablized 3 days, keep
Soil moisture content is identical with step one；
Step 3: bacteria residue 28.5g is mixed with the mixture that step 2 is obtained, stir, passivation is stablized 7 days, keep
Soil moisture content is identical with step one, and the heavy metal ion in contaminated soil is converted into relatively stable subcarbonate, hydrogen-oxygen
Heavy metal-organic complex of compound sediment, phosphate mineral and indissoluble.Its Leaching concentration is shown in Table 2.
Toxicity leaching concentration mg/L before and after the passivation of the heavy metal in soil of table 2
In conjunction with the embodiments 1 and embodiment 2 understand, compound stabilizer equally match (carbide slag: bacteria residue: calcium superphosphate=35:
57: 8), compound stabilizer and contaminated soil mass ratio be when being 1: 10, and different application methods, income effect is different.Embodiment
1 be thoroughly mixed ZINC IN SOIL after processing, copper, lead, the stabilization efficiency of cadmium be respectively 91.73%, 99.74%, 99.86%,
89.67%, embodiment 2 separately add zinc after processing, copper, lead, the stabilization efficiency of cadmium be respectively 97.56%, 99.83%,
99.98%th, 99.31%.It can be seen that, order of adding heavy metal stabilization efficiency has a certain impact, and the raw material first added can be in soil
Greatly combined in earth with heavy metal, without disturbing for other raw materials for being added simultaneously, therefore separately add processing
Heavy metal stabilization efficiency is higher, can more effectively reduce heavy metal-polluted soil Leaching.
Embodiment 3
Influence of the compound stabilizer different ratio to heavy metal-polluted soil stabilization efficiency：
A kind of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, is made up of following three kinds of raw materials by different quality percentage：
The compound stabilizer of the different ratio of table 3
Described soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, to be thoroughly mixed processing method, is wrapped to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil
Include following steps：
Step 1: carbide slag, bacteria residue and calcium superphosphate are mixed in the ratio of above-mentioned table 3, it is sufficiently stirred for being made compound steady
Determine agent；
Step 2: the compound stabilizer 55.55g in step one is mixed with the soil 500g by heavy metal pollution, stir
Uniformly, the water that quality adds 40% is air-dried by soil, makes the humidity that soil conservation is certain；
Step 3: after reacting 7 days, the heavy metal ion in contaminated soil is converted into relatively stable subcarbonate, hydrogen
Heavy metal-organic complex of oxide precipitation thing, phosphate mineral and indissoluble.Its Leaching concentration is shown in Table 4.
Toxicity leaching concentration mg/L before and after the compound stabilizer of the different ratio of table 4 is passivated to heavy metal in soil
As can be seen from Table 4, after stablizing 7 days through compound stabilizer passivation, the heavy metal toxicity leaching concentration in soil is equal
Decline, especially when mass percent carbide slag: bacteria residue: calcium superphosphate=35: when 57: 8 (proportioning 5), zinc, copper, lead, the poison of cadmium
Property leaching concentration fall it is maximum, stabilization efficiency is respectively 91.12%, 99.78%, 99.90%, 87.88%, and each element
It is below the limitation of toxicity leaching concentration.
Embodiment 4
The influence of compound stabilizer dosage and contaminated soil mass ratio heavy metal stabilization efficiency：
The preparation and application be the same as Example 1 of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, is thoroughly mixed processing, each component quality
Percentage carbide slag: bacteria residue: calcium superphosphate=35: 57: 8, soil moisture content 40% is passivated 7 days, other conditions are constant, is changed
The ratio of compound stabilizer dosage and contaminated soil quality, compound stabilizer: soil quality=1: 35,1: 17,1: 12,1: 9
When, zinc, copper, lead, the toxicity leaching concentration of cadmium decline, and are shown in Table 5, and with the increase of compound stabilizer dosage, toxicity
Leaching concentration fall is bigger, it is seen that the increase of compound stabilizer is conducive to the passivation of zinc, copper, lead, cadmium stable.
The influence mg/L of the compound stabilizer dosage heavy metal toxicity leaching concentration of table 5
Embodiment 5
The influence of compound stabilizer heavy metal stabilization efficiency under the conditions of different soils moisture content：
The preparation and application be the same as Example 1 of soil heavy metal combined stabilizer, is thoroughly mixed processing, each component quality
Percentage carbide slag: bacteria residue: calcium superphosphate=35: 57: 8, it is passivated 7 days, compound stabilizer: soil quality=1: when 9, other
Part is constant, change soil moisture content be respectively 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, zinc, copper, lead, cadmium toxicity leaching concentration under
Drop, the leaching concentration for being shown in Table heavy metal in the case of 6,20% soil moisture content is minimum, and with the increase of soil moisture content, soil
The adsorption capacity of earth heavy metal ion itself declines, and the heavy metal ion of dissociating starts to increase, and toxicity leaching concentration is on the contrary
Increase.It can be seen that compound stabilizer comparatively facilitates the passivation stabilization of zinc, copper, lead, cadmium under the conditions of slightly lower soil moisture content.
The influence mg/L of the compound stabilizer of table 6 heavy metal toxicity leaching concentration under the conditions of different water cut
Embodiment 6
Separately add the influence that different material in processing adds interval time heavy metal stabilization efficiency：
3 parts of contaminated soil is taken to be divided into tri- groups of A, B, C, every group of 500g, heavy-metal contaminated soil compound stabilizer each group sub-prime
Measure percentage and press carbide slag: bacteria residue: calcium superphosphate=35: 57: 8, compound stabilizer: soil quality=1: 10, soil water-containing
Rate maintains 40%, is added by separately adding processing and carrying out stabilizer, change it is different add interval time, i.e., each is blunt
The time interval number of days that agent is added is respectively 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, the timing since being added the first raw material, until the 30th day
Complete passivation, sampling analysis.
Compared with before passivation, zinc, copper, lead, cadmium the toxicity leaching concentration after 30 days are passivated decline, and are shown in Table 7, separately throw
Plus during processing, every kind of raw material is separated by 14 days and adds heavy metal stablizing effect preferably, and zinc, copper, lead, cadmium stabilization efficiency are respectively
99.31%th, 99.98%, 99.89%, 94.87%.It can be seen that heavy metal in soil Leaching concentration is with adding interval time
Increase and downward trend is presented, interval time is longer, former raw material is got over can occur sufficiently absorption, precipitation, network with heavy metal
Cooperation is used, and is more conducive to the passivation of zinc, copper, lead, cadmium stable.
The difference of table 7 adds the influence mg/L of interval time heavy metal toxicity leaching concentration
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of utilize passivating method of the soil heavy metal combined stabilizer to heavy metal-polluted soil, it is characterised in that the soil
Heavy metal compound stabilizer includes following components, and each component is by percentage to the quality：
Carbide slag 8%-40%, bacteria residue 45%-70% and calcium superphosphate 8%-28%；
The passivating method comprises the following steps：
Step 1: carbide slag, bacteria residue, calcium superphosphate are mixed in proportion, it is sufficiently stirred for that compound stabilizer is made；
Step 2: the compound stabilizer in step one is mixed for 1: 5-35 in mass ratio with the soil by heavy metal pollution, stir
Mix uniform, keep ground moistening；
Step 3: after reacting 3-30 days, the heavy metal ion in contaminated soil is converted into relatively stable subcarbonate, hydrogen-oxygen
Heavy metal-organic complex of compound sediment, phosphate mineral and indissoluble.
2. as claimed in claim 1 using soil heavy metal combined stabilizer to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, its feature
It is, the mass percent of each component is：
Carbide slag 35%, bacteria residue 57% and calcium superphosphate 8%.
3. as claimed in claim 2 using soil heavy metal combined stabilizer to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, its feature
It is, the carbide slag is that calcium carbide hydrolyzes the waste residue obtained after acetylene gas, and main component is calcium hydroxide, and the waste residue is air-dried
10 mesh sieves are crossed after grinding standby.
4. as claimed in claim 2 using soil heavy metal combined stabilizer to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, its feature
It is, the bacteria residue is the culture medium after edible fungus culturing is harvested, after 70-80 DEG C of compost maturity, is dried, size-reduced machine powder
The broken mesh sieve of mistake 40 is standby.
5. as claimed in claim 2 using soil heavy metal combined stabilizer to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, its feature
It is, the calcium superphosphate selects commercially available phosphate fertilizer, including Ca (H2PO4)2·H2O and phosphoric acid free on a small quantity, containing 14%-20%
Effective P2O5。
6. as claimed in claim 1 using soil heavy metal combined stabilizer to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, its feature
It is, in the step 2, air-dries the water that quality adds 20%-80% by soil, make the humidity that soil conservation is certain.
7. a kind of utilize soil heavy metal combined stabilizer to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, as claimed in claim 2 group is utilized
Distribution ratio, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: carbide slag is mixed in proportion with the soil by heavy metal pollution, stir, passivation is stable 3-14 days, protect
Hold ground moistening；
Step 2: the mixture that calcium superphosphate and step one are obtained is mixed in proportion, stir, passivation is stable 3-14 days,
Keep soil moisture content identical with step one；
Step 3: the mixture that bacteria residue and step 2 are obtained is mixed in proportion, stir, passivation is stable, keep soil to contain
Water rate is identical with step one, and the heavy metal ion in contaminated soil is converted into relatively stable subcarbonate, hydroxide and sunk
Heavy metal-organic complex of starch, phosphate mineral and indissoluble.
8. as claimed in claim 7 using soil heavy metal combined stabilizer to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, its feature
It is, it is described Step 1: air-drying the water that quality adds 20%-80% by soil in step 2 and step 3.
9. as claimed in claim 8 using soil heavy metal combined stabilizer to the passivating method of heavy metal-polluted soil, its feature
It is, adding carbide slag to step 3 from step one adds bacteria residue untill passivation terminates, altogether passivation reaction 7-30 days.
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