CN106495939A - Heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent, preparation method and application - Google Patents

Heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent, preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106495939A
CN106495939A CN201610895237.XA CN201610895237A CN106495939A CN 106495939 A CN106495939 A CN 106495939A CN 201610895237 A CN201610895237 A CN 201610895237A CN 106495939 A CN106495939 A CN 106495939A
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China
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heavy metal
renovation agent
polluted soil
soil
soil renovation
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王小蒙
陈露
闫龙翔
阚雨晨
林百全
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Shanghai Nuotong Information Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Nuotong Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00—Agricultural use

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent, preparation method and application；The heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent is made up of organic materials, mineral nitrogen raw material, Carbon Materials, inorganic fertilizer and microbial inoculum, and wherein microbial bacterial agent viable count is 1 × 107‑1×1010, N, P in terms of total nutrient2O5、K2O is 8% 15%, the content of organic matter 20% 40%, and pH is 5.5 8.5.The present invention also provides the application process of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent, per mu of 80 150 kg consumptions, soil available content of beary metal can effectively be reduced, significantly inhibit crops and absorb heavy metal, improve crop yield and quality, increasing both production and income, for promoting social stability, economic growth and Environmental diplomacy, it is ensured that ecological safety, food safety and health have significant role.

Description

Heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent, preparation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of environment pollution control, and in particular to multiple to a kind of feature of repairing heavy metal in soil Close microbial manure, preparation method and application method.
Background technology
Due to Industrial " three Waste ", sewage irrigation, agricultural sludge and a large amount of uses containing heavy metal agricultural input product, cause Heavy metal pollution of soil is increasingly serious, it has also become one of main Environmental Problems that China faces.Investigation shows that current China is by weight The cultivated area of metallic pollution up to 20,000,000 hectares, accounts for the 1/5 of national total area under cultivation, in heavy metal-serious pollution or super Target point position ratio accounts for 2.5%, 34,880,000 mu of area coverage, and slight-slight pollution or exceeded point position ratio account for 5.7%, cover 78,990,000 mu of area.Pollution or exceeded arable land are mainly distributed on southern Xiang Ewangan areas, Min Yueqiong areas and Southwest Region.Its China Southern area portion city has 50% arable land to be subjected to the heavy metal pollutions such as cadmium, arsenic, hydrargyrum；Yangtze River Delta Region urban periphery Farmland is polluted by various heavy in flakes, causes 10% soil to lose basic production function.
Heavy metal pollution of soil causes soil quality and reducing of the productivity, so as to suppress crop growth, causes crop The significantly underproduction, agricultural product content of beary metal are exceeded, bring huge economic loss.The underproduction because of heavy metal pollution every year according to statistics Grain more than 1.0 × 107T, is also up to 1.2 × 10 by the grain of heavy metal pollution7T, causes direct economic loss to exceed 20000000000 yuan.Additionally, heavy metal is easy to migrate in Removed In Soil-crop System, it is enriched with human body by food chain, produces murder by poisoning Effect.Normally behave as, the histoorgans such as brain, kidney, liver, lung, skeleton are caused to damage, cause function pathological changes, typical case " bone Pain disease "；Also human carcinogen, teratogenesis and mutagenesis can be made by losing.In recent years, complete to shock from the " blood lead event " for occurring again and again " the cadmium rice disturbance " of state, heavy metal pollution of soil alarm bell is beaten again and again, causes the extensive concern of the whole society.Heavy metal-polluted soil is repaired Become the focus and emphasis of researcher research, particularly " ten, soil " is put into effect, further promoted the tide of soil remediation. Therefore heavy metal-polluted soil reparation is pendulum problem demanding prompt solution on agricultural sustainable development road with improvement, social for promoting Stable, economic growth, Environmental diplomacy, it is ensured that ecological safety, food safety and health have significant role.
Heavy metal-polluted soil repairs main path at present two kinds：One kind is purification soil, by pollutant removal, i.e. decontamination Dye：Another kind is not go purification soil, but changes chemical form of the heavy metal element in soil by some technological means And occurrence status, reduce its mobility and biological effectiveness, i.e. stabilisation in soil.Mainly there is thing according to both approach Reason reparation, chemical redemption and biological restoration.Peripheral doses（Including soil washing, engineering measure method, electric heating repairing method etc.）Tool Have the advantages that thorough, stable, but implement that quantities is big, investment cost is high, destroy Soil structure, and also will be to the dirt soil that swaps out Stacked or processed.Biological restoration then includes phytoremediation and microorganism remediation, although wherein phytoremediation treating both the principal and secondary aspects of a disease, Repairing efficiency is long, and investment is big.Although microorganism remediation processing cost is low, it is little that surrounding enviroment are disturbed, do not produce secondary pollution, Suitable microorganism resource is few, and repairing effect is not obvious.Chemical redemption is although simple, instant effect, but often renovation agent consumption Larger, and heavy metal element is easily-activated.In the face of the increasingly serious present situation of heavy metal pollution：Contaminated area is big, pollutant load is high, Single recovery technique has seemed unable to do what one wishes.Therefore in the urgent need to a kind of comprehensive, new, efficient, environmental friendliness, low cost, Easy heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent.
The present invention provides a kind of feature composite microbiological fertilizer of repairing heavy metal in soil, and the renovation agent fusion biology is repaiied The advantage of multiple and chemical redemption, with the features such as low cost, efficient, environmental protection.The method can remove a part of heavy metal, purify Soil, and curable a part of heavy metal, reduce activity, and therefore the huge market demand, has a extensive future.
Content of the invention
For defect of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of feature of repairing heavy metal in soil is compound Microbial manure, preparation method and application method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent, the heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent is by following weight portion Several each groups are grouped into：
Organic materials 3-5 parts,
Mineral nitrogen raw material 1.5-4.5 parts,
Carbon Materials 1-5 parts,
Inorganic fertilizer 1.5-4.0 parts,
Microbial bacterial agent 1-4 parts,
Wherein, the viable count of the microbial bacterial agent is 1 × 107-1×1010, N, P in terms of total nutrient2O5、K2O mass fractions are 8% -15%, quality of organic matter fraction is 20%-40%, and pH is 5.5-8.5.
Second aspect, the present invention relates to the preparation method of aforementioned heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent, comprises the following steps：
Step one, the preparation of microbial bacterial agent:By bacillus subtilises (Bacillussubtilis) LVLE-14, in being deposited in State's Microbiological Culture Collection administration committee common micro-organisms center, deposit number is：CGMCC No.12639, colloid spore bar Bacterium (BacillusmucilaginosusKrassilnikov), strain are adsorbed with adsorbing medium after individually fermenting, with parts by weight Meter, according to 3-8:The ratio mixing of 3.5-6.5, crushes, obtains final product microbial bacterial agent；
Prepared by step 2, raw mixture：By organic materials, mineral nitrogen raw material, Carbon Materials, inorganic fertilizer, in terms of parts by weight, according to 3-5:1.5-4.5:1-5：1.5-4.0 ratio mixing, crush；
Prepared by step 3, composite microbiological fertilizer：The microbial bacterial agent, raw mixture are stirred, is crushed, is answered Microbial manure is closed, the complex micro organism fungicide accounts for finished product composite microbiological fertilizer parts by weight for 1-4.
Further, in step one, the bacillus subtilises LVLE-14 and colloid bacillus cereus are from heavy metal pollution Screen in soil, pass sequentially through nitrosoguanidine and ultraviolet complex mutation, Concentraton gradient primary dcreening operation, shake flask fermentation secondary screening are obtained.
Further, in step one, the adsorbing medium is humic acidss.
Further, in step 2, the Organic Ingredientss be crop material, mushroom slag, humic acid, humic acid, in fulvic acid One or more mixing, by combining to form the relatively low macromole metallo-organic complex of dissolubility with heavy metal.
Further, in step 2, the mineral nitrogen raw material is Paligorskite, meerschaum, Vermiculitum, splash intercalation soil, kieselguhr, kaolinite One or more mixing in soil, by surface ion replacement absorption, fixed heavy metal.
Further, in step 2, the Carbon Materials be straw charcoal, sludge carbon, bone black, black wood charcoal, fruit shell carbon, in plant ash One or more mixing, by the complexation reaction of colloid surface functional group, substitutional ion absorption fixing heavy metal.
Further, in step 2, the inorganic fertilizer is calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium silicate fertilizer, Si-K fertilizer, ground phosphate rock, phosphoric acid, phosphorus ash One or more mixing in stone, by lifting soil pH, increase colloid surface negative charge, promote the absorption of heavy metal, or Precipitated metal is formed, while the fertilizer of n p k nutrition is provided for crop.
The third aspect, the invention further relates to the administration of the feature composite microbiological fertilizer of aforesaid repairing heavy metal in soil Method, comprises the following steps that：By composite microbiological fertilizer, according to every mu of 80-150 kg consumption, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields and containing heavy metal Farmland surface, 20 cm of topsoil mixes, and balance can long-term cropping after 15-20 days.
Further, the heavy metal is cadmium, arsenic, lead, chromium, hydrargyrum, copper, zinc, one or more in nickel.
The heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of the present invention, preparation method and administration, reduce can heavy metal-polluted soil bio-available Zn concentration 20%-30%, acid ground pH value improve 0.4-0.9 unit, main food agricultural products（Oryza sativa L., Semen Maydiss, Semen Tritici aestivi）Heavy metal Content reduces 30%-50%, vegetables agricultural products（Leaf vegetables, root vegetables, melon and fruit class）Other agricultural product content of beary metal reduce by 30% More than；Main food agricultural products volume increase more than 8%, vegetables agricultural products volume increase more than 15%；Have and significantly reduce a huge sum of money Category activity, suppresses effect of Crop.
The present invention by the resistance and strong enriching microbial strains screened in heavy-metal contaminated soil, with organic materials, Mineral nitrogen raw material, Carbon Materials, inorganic fertilizer compounding, proportion optimizing research and develop new soil heavy metal renovation agent, feature complex microorganism Fertilizer, merges the advantage of chemical redemption and biological restoration, to administering heavy-metal contaminated soil, it is ensured that ecological safety, food safety, The sustainable development of health and agricultural has important function.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
（1）The bacillus subtilises LVLE-14 and colloid bacillus cereus heavy metal that the present invention is adopted has resistance and strong richness Collection property, is the desirable strain of remediating heavy metal, can active absorption or/and Adsorption of Heavy Metals, reduce its biological effectiveness；Bacterial strain is straight Connect and screen from heavy-metal contaminated soil, environmental suitability is strong, survival rate is high.
（2）The present invention not only strengthens the time-to-live of bacterial strain and determining in soil using humic acidss as absorption carrier Plant ability, while heavy metal also has stronger adsorptivity.
（3）Organic materials, mineral nitrogen material and the Carbon Materials heavy metal that the present invention is adopted has stronger absorbability.
（4）The advantage of effectively fusion biological restoration and chemical redemption of the invention, makes microbial strains and organic materials, ore deposit Matter material and Carbon Materials joint, synergism, strengthen repairing effect, improve and repair speed.
（5）Product of the present invention can not only alleviate heavy metallic poison rich in organic matter, mineral, Carbon Materials, strengthen plant and resist Inverse property, increasing both production and income, moreover it is possible to retain water and nutrients improve plant nutrition utilization rate, subtract medicine.
（6）The present invention is safe and environment-friendly：This product repairing heavy metal in soil pollutes, and is a kind of in-situ remediation method, to soil and Subsoil water does not have secondary pollution, with safe and environment-friendly the features such as；
（7）The present invention is applied to the pollution of the type heavy metals in farmland such as dry land, paddy field, and one or more pollutions to cadmium, arsenic etc. have Effect.
Description of the drawings
The detailed description that non-limiting example is made with reference to the following drawings by reading, the further feature of the present invention, Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent production technological process of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will be helpful to the technology of this area Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill to this area For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deformations and improvement can also be made.These belong to the present invention Protection domain.
Embodiment 1
The heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent preparation method of the present embodiment is as follows：
（1）Prepared by microbial bacterial agent:By bacillus subtilises (Bacillussubtilis) LVLE-14, colloid bacillus cereus (BacillusmucilaginosusKrassilnikov), strain individually ferments, and is then adsorbed with humic acidss, with parts by weight Meter, according to 3:5 ratio mixing, crushes；
（2）Prepared by raw mixture：In terms of parts by weight, will crush corn straw（Cross 80-100 mesh sieves）With the rice after ashing Shell powder, attapulgite and calcium magnesium phosphate are according to 3:2:2:2 ratio mixing, crushes.
（3）Prepared by composite microbiological fertilizer：By step（1）The microbial bacterial agent for obtaining and step（2）The raw material for obtaining is mixed After compound stirs, crush, obtain composite microbiological fertilizer.The complex micro organism fungicide accounts for finished product composite microbiological fertilizer Parts by weight be 1 part.
Application process：Per mu of 100 kg consumptions, if dry land, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland surface, and 20 cm of topsoil is mixed, i.e., Can long-term cropping, it is to avoid soil drought；If paddy field, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland surface, 20 cm of topsoil is mixed, balance 15-20 My god, you can long-term cropping.
Embodiment 2
The heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent preparation method of the present embodiment is as follows：
（1）Prepared by microbial bacterial agent:Bacillus subtilises LVLE-14, colloid bacillus cereus, strain are individually fermented, Ran Houyong Humic acidss adsorb, in terms of parts by weight, according to 3:5 ratio mixing, crushes；
（2）Prepared by raw mixture：In terms of parts by weight, will crush mushroom slag（Cross 80-100 mesh sieves）With Oryza sativa L. straw after carbonization Stalk, meerschaum and calcium silicate fertilizer are according to 3:3:1.5:1.5 ratio mixing, crushes.
（3）Prepared by composite microbiological fertilizer：By step（1）The microbial bacterial agent for obtaining and step（2）The raw material for obtaining is mixed After compound stirs, crush, obtain composite microbiological fertilizer.The complex micro organism fungicide accounts for finished product composite microbiological fertilizer Parts by weight be 1 part.
Application process：Per mu of 100 kg consumptions, if dry land, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland surface, and 20 cm of topsoil is mixed, i.e., Can long-term cropping, it is to avoid soil drought；If paddy field, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland surface, 20 cm of topsoil is mixed, balance 15-20 My god, you can long-term cropping.
Embodiment 3
The heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent preparation method of the present embodiment is as follows：
（1）Prepared by microbial bacterial agent:Bacillus subtilises LVLE-14, colloid bacillus cereus, strain are individually fermented, Ran Houyong Humic acidss adsorb, in terms of parts by weight, according to 4:5 ratio mixing, crushes；
（2）Prepared by raw mixture：In terms of parts by weight, will crush corn straw（Cross 80-100 mesh sieves）With fruit shell carbon, swollen Moisten soil and ground phosphate rock according to 3.5:2:1.5:1.5 ratio mixing, crushes.
（3）Prepared by composite microbiological fertilizer：By step（1）The microbial bacterial agent for obtaining and step（2）The raw material for obtaining is mixed After compound stirs, crush, obtain composite microbiological fertilizer.The complex micro organism fungicide accounts for finished product composite microbiological fertilizer Parts by weight be 1.5 parts.
Application process：Per mu of 120 kg consumptions, if dry land, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland surface, and 20 cm of topsoil is mixed, i.e., Can long-term cropping, it is to avoid soil drought；If paddy field, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland surface, 20 cm of topsoil is mixed, balance 15-20 My god, you can long-term cropping.
Embodiment 4
The heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent preparation method of the present embodiment is as follows：
（1）Prepared by microbial bacterial agent:Bacillus subtilises LVLE-14, colloid bacillus cereus, strain are individually fermented, Ran Houyong Humic acidss adsorb, in terms of parts by weight, according to 4:5 ratio mixing, crushes；
（2）Prepared by raw mixture：In terms of parts by weight, will crush wheat stalk（80-100 mesh sieves）With the rice husk after ashing Powder, bentonite and calcium silicate fertilizer are according to 3:1.5:2:2 ratio mixing, crushes.
（3）Prepared by composite microbiological fertilizer：By step（1）The microbial bacterial agent for obtaining and step（2）The raw material for obtaining is mixed After compound stirs, crush, obtain composite microbiological fertilizer.The complex micro organism fungicide accounts for finished product composite microbiological fertilizer Parts by weight be 1.5 parts.
Application process：Per mu of 120 kg consumptions, if dry land, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland surface, and 20 cm of topsoil is mixed, i.e., Can long-term cropping, it is to avoid soil drought；If paddy field, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland surface, 20 cm of topsoil is mixed, balance 15-20 My god, you can long-term cropping.
1 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of test example is to different degrees of cadmium pollution soil repairing effect
Two kinds of typical soils of collection, Southern Red Soil and northern moisture soil, by adding exogenous heavy metal cadmium（3CdSO4•8H2O）Prepare Cadmium pollution soil, adds and is set to 3 levels, be followed successively by 1.0 × secondary standard, 5.0 × secondary standard, 10.0 × secondary standard (secondary standard, p H in GB 15618-1995 standard of soil environment quality<6.5 is 0.3 mg kg-1, p H>It 6.5 is 0.6 mg•kg-1), numbering corresponds to CK1、CK2、CK3, experiment process is shown in Table 1.Each process arranges two groups, and one group is matched group （Without heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent）, another group used as experimental group（Adding uses heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent, embodiment 1 to make ?）, each process is repeated 3 times.Self-control heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent is mixed with each process soil, different disposal soil loads nothing In the basin alms bowl of hole, periodically water per 3 kg of basin, sample in 7,14,21,35d, after soil sample air-dry, using DTPA extractants （0.005mol·L-1DTPA-0.1 mol·L-1TEA-0.01 mol·L-1CaCl2）Extract, detect available Cd content.
1 renovation agent of table is to different degrees of cadmium pollution soil repairing effect test process
Experimental result such as table 2, after showing to apply heavy metal-polluted soil repair process, compared with the control, different cadmiums contaminate degree soil, have Effect state cadmium content decreases, and is wherein in steady statue after processing 21 days.C is processed on red soil1、C2、C3Reduce respectively 33.1%th, 30.1% and 24.0%, C is processed on moisture soil1、C2、C3Reduce by 25.9%, 21.7% and 20.5% respectively.Show different degrees of cadmium Contaminated soil, applies heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent and can significantly reduce effective cadmium content of soil in a short time, and equilibration period is 21 Its best results, and acid ground using effect better than basic soil using effect.
2 renovation agent of table is affected on different degrees of cadmium pollution soil available Cd content
Impact of the 2 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of test example to leaf vegetables Cd uptake
1. test site：Anhui Province Tongcheng City hole cities and towns, horticultural vegetable field soil type be yellowish soil, soil pH 6.56, organic matter 24.2 g·kg-1, 29.6 mg kg of available phosphoruss-1, available potassium 63.6mg kg-1, full cadmium 0.87mg kg-1.
2. test method：
For study thing for Plantula Brassicae chinensis (Brassia chinensis), premium Amaranthus mangostanus L.（Amaranthus mangostanus L）.Examination 5 process of setting are tested, each process is repeated 3 times, 20 m of experimental plot area2（Long 5 is wide 4 meters）, randomized block design, each process It is provided with individual irrigation irrigation canals and ditches.Experiment process is as follows：
Process 1：Control（Conventional fertilizer application）；
Process 2：+ 1500 kg hm-2 heavy metal-polluted soils renovation agent of conventional fertilizer application 1（Embodiment 1 is obtained）
Process 3：+ 1500 kg hm-2 heavy metal-polluted soils renovation agent of conventional fertilizer application 2（Embodiment 2 is obtained）
Process 4：+ 1500 kg hm-2 heavy metal-polluted soils renovation agent of conventional fertilizer application 3（Embodiment 3 is obtained）
Process 5：+ 1500 kg hm-2 heavy metal-polluted soils renovation agent of conventional fertilizer application 4（Embodiment 4 is obtained）
Heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent feature composite microbiological fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in mid-June, 2015 in soil surface, profit Which is fully mixed with topsoil with rotary tillage equipment.Live on July 30th, 2015 for trying Plantula Brassicae chinensis and premium Amaranthus mangostanus L., sowing Before apply nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer and make base manure, Seedling Stage imposes carbamide and potash fertilizer, and field management is carried out by land for growing field crops routine operation.In Plantula Brassicae chinensis The 50th day grown with premium Amaranthus mangostanus L., respectively 10 whole strain of random acquisition are used as to determine.Censorship unified by sample, according to HJ 491- 2009 standard methods and GB/T5009.123-2003 standard methods determine soil and leaf vegetables overground part cadmium content.
3. result and analysis
Impact of the 3.1 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agents to soil pH and available Cd content
Impact of the heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent to soil pH and available Cd content such as table 3, shows to apply heavy metal-polluted soil reparation Agent soil pH increases by 0.39 respectively compared with control（No. 1）、0.52（No. 2）、0.42（No. 3）、0.46（No. 4）Individual unit is corresponding effective State cadmium content reduces by 17.7%（No. 1）、23.8%（No. 2）、22.1%（No. 3）、20.8%（No. 4）.Show that the present invention can be to a certain degree Improve soil acidity environment, reduce effective cadmium content of soil, wherein pH averagely improves 0.45 unit, and effective cadmium averagely reduces 21.1%.
Impact of the 3 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of table to soil pH and available Cd content
Numbering pH Amplification Available Cd content（mg·kg-1） The range of decrease
Process 1 6.56 - 0.344 -
Process 2 6.95 0.39 0.283 17.7
Process 3 7.08 0.52 0.262 23.8
Process 4 6.98 0.42 0.268 22.1
Process 5 7.02 0.46 0.273 20.8
Impact of the 3.2 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agents to leaf vegetables yield
Impact of the heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent to leaf vegetables yield such as table 4, shows that administration heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent can promote little Chinese cabbage and the growth of Amaranthus mangostanus L., improve the upperground part biomass, slightly have difference between different renovation agents.For Plantula Brassicae chinensis, overground part Biomass is average compared with control to increase by 87.4 g, amplification 16.8%；For Amaranthus mangostanus L., the upperground part biomass is average compared with control to be increased 14.0 g, amplification 25.1%.
Impact of the 4 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of table to leaf vegetables yield
Numbering 10 plants of Plantula Brassicae chinensis fresh weight (g) Amplification 10 plants of Amaranthus mangostanus L. fresh weight (g） Amplification
Process 1 521.0 56.0
Process 2 595.8 14.3 68.4 22.1
Process 3 625.7 20.1 71.6 27.8
Process 4 611.5 17.4 70.5 25.9
Process 5 600.6 15.3 69.7 24.4
Impact of the 3.3 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agents to leaf vegetables cadmium content
Impact of the heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent to leaf vegetables cadmium content such as table 5, shows that administration heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent can be notable Reduce Plantula Brassicae chinensis and Amaranthus mangostanus L. overground part cadmium content, between different renovation agents, slightly have difference.For Plantula Brassicae chinensis, overground part cadmium content Reduce 0.044-0.055 mg kg compared with control-1, range of decrease 30.8%-38.5%, average 34.1%.For Amaranthus mangostanus L., overground part cadmium contains Amount reduces 0.073-0.087 mg kg compared with control-1, range of decrease 35.1%-41.8%, average 38.2%.
Impact of the 5 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of table to leaf vegetables cadmium content
Numbering Plantula Brassicae chinensis cadmium content (mg kg-1） The range of decrease (%) Amaranthus mangostanus L. cadmium content（mg·kg-1） The range of decrease (%)
Process 1 0.143 - 0.208 -
Process 2 0.099 30.8 0.135 35.1
Process 3 0.088 38.5 0.121 41.8
Process 4 0.094 34.3 0.128 38.3
Process 5 0.096 32.9 0.130 37.4
4. conclusion
Field experiment shows that prepared heavy metal-polluted soil per mu of 100 kg of renovation agent of the present invention can averagely improve soil pH value 0.45 unit, available Cd content reduce by 21.1%.Plantula Brassicae chinensis and Amaranthus mangostanus L. the upperground part biomass increase by 16.8% He respectively 25.1%, cadmium content then reduces by 34.1% and 38.2%. respectively
Impact of the 3 earth heavy metal renovation agent of test example to Oryza sativa L. Cd uptake
1. test site：Datong District of Youxian County of Hunan Province bridge town, Guiyang County Taihe county town.Water paddy soil basic physical and chemical such as 6 institute of table Show：
1.
2. test method：
For studying thing for Oryza sativa L., early rice：Strain two excellent 819, late rice：Paddy excellent 3119.Test arranges 5 process, and each process repeats 3 Secondary, randomized block design.30 m of experimental plot plot area2（Long 6 is wide 5 meters）, neighboring cell ridge building plastic covering membrane seepage prevention, And open independent irrigation ditches row.Experiment process is：
Process 1：Control（Conventional fertilizer application）；
Process 2：+ 1800 kg hm of conventional fertilizer application-2Heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent 1（Embodiment 1 is obtained）
Process 3：+ 1800 kg hm of conventional fertilizer application-2Heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent 2（Embodiment 2 is obtained）
Process 4：+ 1800 kg hm of conventional fertilizer application-2Heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent 3（Embodiment 3 is obtained）
Process 5：+ 1800 kg hm of conventional fertilizer application-2Heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent 4（Embodiment 4 is obtained）
Datong District bridge town early rice was sowed on March 20th, 2015, and April 17 transplanted, and Taihe county town late rice was broadcast on June 20th, 2015 Kind, July 17 transplanted.Two kinds of rice transplanting densities are 6 cun × 6 cun, and according to testing program, conventional fertilizer application is 40% (20-8- 12) 375 kg hm of compound fertilizer-2Make base manure, after transplanting 6 days with 150 kg hm of carbamide-275 kg hm of+potassium chloride-2Topdress. Heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent is uniformly removed in rice field earth's surface for 15 days before shoot transplanting equipment, is then turned over, harrow broken, and then band water transplants seedlings. Other are carried out according to land for growing field crops Routine Management.Harvested in October 14, results time-division cell list is received, list shines, individually weigh calculating respectively Cell production.During ripe and harvested, soil and whole strain Oryza sativa L. sample is gathered respectively.Censorship unified by sample, marks according to HJ 491-2009 Quasi- method and GB/T5009.123-2003 standard methods determine soil and Cd concentration of brown rice.
3. result and analysis
Impact of the 3.1 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agents to soil pH and available Cd content
Impact of the heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent to soil pH and available Cd content is as shown in table 7, as a result shows, applies soil weight Metal repair can improve soil pH, reduce available Cd content.Wherein Datong District's bridge town soil pH improves 0.67-0.91 list Position, average 0.78 unit, available Cd content then by low 22.4%-33.1%, average 29.1%.Taihe county town soil pH is improved 0.52-0.71 unit, average 0.61 unit, available Cd content then by low 22.1%-27.0%, average 24.0%.
Impact of the 7 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of table to soil pH and available Cd content
Impact of the 3.2 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agents to rice yield
Impact of the heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent to rice yield as shown in table 8, as a result shows that administration heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent is equal Rice yield can be to a certain degree improved, wherein soil early rice yield in Datong District's bridge town is compared with per mu of 44.3 kg of increase of control, amplification 9.9%； Taihe county town late rice yield is compared with per mu of 76.1 kg of increase of control, amplification 11.1%.
Impact of the 8 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of table to rice yield
Numbering Early rice per mu yield (kg) The range of decrease (%) Late rice per mu yield (kg) The range of decrease (%)
Process 1 446.4 685.2
Process 2 483.9 8.4 780.4 13.9
Process 3 492.7 10.4 770.9 12.5
Process 4 500.1 12.0 740.7 8.1
Process 5 486.0 8.9 753.0 9.9
Impact of the 3.3 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agents to Cd concentration of brown rice
Impact of the heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent to Cd concentration of brown rice is as shown in table 10, as a result shows, applies heavy metal-polluted soil reparation Agent can significantly reduce Cd concentration of brown rice, and wherein Datong District's bridge town early rice cadmium content is average compared with control reduces by 0.094 mg kg-1, drop 42.1%；Taihe county town late rice cadmium content is average compared with control to reduce by 0.083 mg kg-1, the range of decrease 34.1%
Impact of the 10 heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of table to Cd concentration of brown rice
Numbering Early rice cadmium contains（mg·kg-1） The range of decrease（%） Late rice cadmium content（mg·kg-1） The range of decrease（%）
Process 1 0.222 - 0.242 -
Process 2 0.142 35.8 0.159 34.4
Process 3 0.113 49.2 0.153 36.6
Process 4 0.122 44.9 0.160 33.7
Process 5 0.137 38.4 0.166 31.5
4. conclusion
Field plot test result indicate that, applying 120 kg heavy metal-polluted soils renovation agents in per mu of heavy metal cadmium rice field can carry 0.52-0.91 unit of high soil pH value, reduces effective cadmium content of soil 22.1%-33.1%, and wherein Datong District's bridge town early rice is put down Per mu 44.3 kg of volume increase, amplification 9.9%, Cd concentration of brown rice averagely reduce by 0.094 mg kg-1, the range of decrease 42.1%；Taihe county town evening Averagely per mu volume increase 76.1kg of rice, amplification 11.1%, Cd concentration of brown rice averagely reduce by 0.083 mg kg-1, the range of decrease 34.1%.
Above the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or modification within the scope of the claims, this not shadow Ring the flesh and blood of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent, it is characterised in that the renovation agent is grouped into by each group of following parts by weight：
Organic materials 3-5 parts,
Mineral nitrogen raw material 1.5-4.5 parts,
Carbon Materials 1-5 parts,
Inorganic fertilizer 1.5-4.0 parts,
Microbial bacterial agent 1-4 parts,
Wherein, the viable count of the microbial bacterial agent is 1 × 107-1×1010, N, P in terms of total nutrient2O5、K2O mass fractions are 8% -15%, quality of organic matter fraction is 20%-40%, and pH is 5.5-8.5.
2. a kind of preparation method of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one, the preparation of microbial bacterial agent:By bacillus subtilises（Bacillus subtilis）LVLE-14, is deposited in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, deposit number is：CGMCC No.12639, colloid spore Bacillus（Bacillus mucilaginosus Krassilnikov）, strain is adsorbed with adsorbing medium after individually fermenting, with weight Number meter, according to 3-8:The ratio mixing of 3.5-6.5, crushes, obtains final product microbial bacterial agent；
Prepared by step 2, raw mixture：By organic materials, mineral nitrogen raw material, Carbon Materials and inorganic fertilizer, in terms of parts by weight, press According to 3-5:1.5-4.5:1-5：1.5-4.0 ratio mixing, crush；
Prepared by step 3, composite microbiological fertilizer：The microbial bacterial agent, raw mixture are stirred, is crushed, is answered Microbial manure is closed, the complex micro organism fungicide accounts for finished product composite microbiological fertilizer parts by weight for 1-4 parts.
3. bacillus LVLE-14 and colloid bacillus cereus are screened from heavy-metal contaminated soil, pass sequentially through nitrosoguanidine and purple Outer complex mutation, Concentraton gradient primary dcreening operation, shake flask fermentation secondary screening are obtained.
4. the preparation method of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in step one, the absorption Medium is humic acidss.
5. the preparation method of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in step 2, described organic Raw material is crop material, mushroom slag, humic acid, humic acid, one or more mixing in fulvic acid.
6. the preparation method of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in step 2, the ore deposit Matter raw material is Paligorskite, meerschaum, Vermiculitum, one or more mixing that splashes in intercalation soil, kieselguhr, Kaolin.
7. the preparation method of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in step 2, the charcoal Material is straw charcoal, sludge carbon, bone black, black wood charcoal, fruit shell carbon, one or more mixing in plant ash.
8. the preparation method of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in step 2, the nothing Fertile one or more mixing in calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium silicate fertilizer, Si-K fertilizer, ground phosphate rock, phosphoric acid, apatite of machine.
9. a kind of application process of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that concrete steps are such as Under：By composite microbiological fertilizer, according to every mu of 80-150kg consumption, uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in the farmland surface containing heavy metal, topsoil 20 cm are mixed, and balance can long-term cropping after 15-20 days.
10. the application process of heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the heavy metal be cadmium, One or more in arsenic, lead, chromium, hydrargyrum, copper, zinc, nickel.
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