CN106867945A - The microorganism passivator and its preparation, purposes of a kind of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution - Google Patents
The microorganism passivator and its preparation, purposes of a kind of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN106867945A CN106867945A CN201710229948.8A CN201710229948A CN106867945A CN 106867945 A CN106867945 A CN 106867945A CN 201710229948 A CN201710229948 A CN 201710229948A CN 106867945 A CN106867945 A CN 106867945A
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses the microorganism passivator and its preparation, purposes of a kind of pollution of repairing heavy metal in soil；Fermentation and absorption including strain, the method are that the bacterium solution after phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium and bacillus subtilis LVLE 14 are fermented mixes in proportion, using the absorption of special absorption carrier, co-grinding after absorption, you can.Wherein absorption carrier includes hydrolysis residue and charcoal, in mass ratio co-grinding.The microorganism passivator of the repairing heavy metal in soil pollution that the present invention is provided can effectively reduce heavy metal in soil bio-available Zn concentration, and greatly increase the quantity and plant products of microbial population；In-situ immobilization is belonged to the method for heavy metal pollution of soil reparation using microorganism passivator of the invention, it is simple to operate, it is with low cost, it is easy to industrialized implementation；And repairing effect is good, soil fertility is not destroyed, resource utilization can be improved.
Description
Technical field
Field is repaired the present invention relates to edaphon technology, more particularly to a kind of micro- life of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution
Thing passivator and its preparation, purposes.
Background technology
Due to Industrial " three Waste ", sewage irrigation, agricultural sludge and largely using containing heavy metal agricultural input product, soil
Heavy metal pollution is increasingly serious, it has also become one of China's main Environmental Problems.Cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg),
Chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni)）Deng in eight big heavy metal elements, Cd, As toxicity are stronger, by international cancer research aircraft
Structure (International Agency for Research on Cancer, abbreviation IARC) is set to I class carcinogens.2014
Year ring protection, " national Soil Pollution Investigation publication " display of Ministry of Land and Resources's joint issue, China's cadmium, arsenic pollution area
Maximum, whole nation point position exceeding standard rate is respectively 7.0% and 2.7%.Farmland cadmium, arsenic are easy to migration in Removed In Soil-crop System, to food
Chain and health constitute serious threat.In staple crops, the main field crop such as paddy rice, wheat and vegetables to cadmium,
The absorbability of arsenic is stronger, and the grain such as rice, wheat and vegetables have turned into the exposed main source of cadmium, arsenic, how to control agriculture
Field heavy metal pollution, guarantee agricultural product security, are one of current main bugbears for facing.
Heavy metal pollution of soil repairs main path two kinds：One kind is purification soil, by pollutant removal, i.e. decontamination
Dye；Another kind is to change chemical form and occurrence status of the heavy metal element in soil by some technological means, reduces it
Mobility and biological effectiveness, that is, stabilize in soil.According to both approach, controlled currently used for heavy metal pollution of soil
The method of reason includes peripheral doses, chemical remediation and biological prosthetic.Though peripheral doses, chemical remediation can reach certain effect,
But energy consumption is big, secondary pollution problems also limit its application, particularly with the low-concentration heavy metal pollution that large area is harmful to,
Even more it is difficult to process.The biology in situ reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil is grown up using various natural biological processes one
The technology of in-situ processing Soil Environmental Pollution is planted, heavy metal in soil content is cut down using biology or is reduced heavy metal toxicity.
According to the difference for repairing main body, it is broadly divided into microorganism remediation and phytoremediation plant.Microorganism remediation refers to utilize soil
In indigenous microorganism, or the artificial inoculating microbe heavy metal introduced acted on by absorption and sorption, precipitation, conversion etc., is changed
Become the physicochemical characteristics of heavy metal, its migration and conversion property in soil is influenceed, so as to reduce heavy metal in soil
Content and toxicity, or even degraded or change into innocuous substance, improvement soil ecology structure is finally reached, recover soil ecology
The purpose of function.More traditional peripheral doses and chemical remediation, microorganism remediation has unrivaled superiority, its operation letter
Single, processing cost is low, effect is good, and secondary pollution is not resulted in environment, treatment etc. can be carried out in situ, with very big potentiality
With wide application prospect.
Heavy metal-polluted soil microorganism remediation is showing huge advantage at this stage, with functional microorganism bacterial strain as core, opens
The heavy metal pollution of soil microorganism passivator of hair turns into the emphasis and focus of research.Microorganism passivator is prepared and it is critical only that bacterium
Strain and absorption carrier.At present can efficient absorption enrichment function bacterial strain it is actually rare, and adapt to difference, in differing texture Polluted Soil
Activity is low in earth.Zymotic fluid absorption carrier is the key factor for influenceing passivating agent products effect, not only influences number of viable, also simultaneous
There is heavy metal-passivated function.Current absorption carrier is mainly turf, vermiculite and diatomite etc..Turf is that one kind in short term can not be again
The natural mineral resources of natural disposition, long-term exploitation can cause greatly destruction to ecological environment, and relatively costly；Diatomite, vermiculite
It is a kind of natural, inorganic, nontoxic mineral matter, without the nutriment needed for viable bacteria.Therefore vermiculite is used as the passivator of carrier
Product, number of viable will be gradually decreased with the resting period.In addition the absorption carrier such as turf, vermiculite and diatomite in itself water content compared with
Height, even if its water content is still up to 15-20 % after drying, and the water content of general finished product passivator is 35 % or so, therefore bacterium
The adsorbance of liquid is in 10-15%, if number of viable is/gram of 25-30 hundred million in bacterium solution, finished product passivator number of viable only has
/ gram of 2.5-4.5 hundred million.Therefore in passivator production process, passivator number of viable is improved by novelty absorption carrier outstanding
It is key.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of for the efficient, cheap of heavy metal pollution of soil, environment-friendly type
Micro- raw passivator.The invention solves the problems that another problem be to provide the production method of the passivator.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution,
Including phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megateriumvar.phosphaticum) and bacillus subtilis
（Bacillus subtilis）Bacterium solution, the absorption carrier generated after being fermented, the bacterium solution is with the mass ratio of absorption carrier
0.1-0.3：1-2, viable count be 2-10 hundred million/gram.
Second aspect, the preparation side of the microorganism passivator polluted the invention further relates to foregoing repairing heavy metal in soil
Method, the described method comprises the following steps：
（1）Strain fermentation：
a:Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium is fermented, A bacterium solutions are obtained；
b:Bacillus subtilis is fermented, B bacterium solutions are obtained；The bacillus subtilis is deposited in Chinese microorganism strain
LVLE-14, preservation administration committee common micro-organisms center, deposit number is：CGMCC No.12639；
c:A bacterium solutions after fermentation are mixed with B bacterium solutions, bacterium solution is obtained；
（2）Vehicle treated：
a:Break into the hydrolysis residue of pretreatment into pieces powder or little particle, then mix with powdered lime, crush after reacted to pH
5.5-8.5 is reached, hydrolysis residue is obtained；
b:Pre-treat biological carbon and dust technology are pressed into 1 (Kg):10 (L) mix, and are stirred 8-12 hours in agitator, are used after filtering
Distilled water cleans filter residue to pH neutrality, dry for standby repeatedly；
c:Hydrolysis residue and charcoal 1-3 in mass ratio after processing：5-7 mixes, and crushes, and absorption carrier is obtained；
（3）The preparation of passivator：The 0.1-0.3 in mass ratio in the hydrolysis residue:1-2 adds step（1）Described in bacterium solution,
It is well mixed, that is, obtain the solid microbe passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution；
（4）By above-mentioned solid microbe passivator, crushed with chain crusher, fineness is reached 60-80 mesh, got product
Microorganism passivator.
Preferably, step（2）In, the number of times of the crushing is more than secondary.
Preferably, step（2）In, the hydrolysis residue is 2-3 with the mass ratio of the lime：1, the hydrolysis residue and lime
Reaction time be 10-15 hours.
Preferably, step（2）In, the production method of the microorganism passivator that described repairing heavy metal in soil pollutes, its
It is characterised by, step（2）In, the dust technology mass fraction is 10%.
Preferably, step（2）In, the charcoal includes：Stalk, shell class, wooden class；The stalk includes：It is beautiful
Rice stalk, wheat stalk, rice straw, cotton stalk, reed one or more；The shell class includes：Peanut shell, hazelnut shell, chestnut shell one
Plant or several；The wooden class includes：Wood chip, bamboo charcoal, mushroom slag one or more.
Preferably, step（3）In, it is described adsorbed after passivator moisture control within 35 %, the finished product
Repairing heavy metal in soil pollution microorganism passivator number of viable for 2-10 hundred million/gram.
Preferably, step（1）In, living bacteria count sum reaches 35-60 hundred million/ml bacterium solutions in the bacterium solution.
The third aspect, the purposes of the microorganism passivator polluted the invention further relates to foregoing repairing heavy metal in soil, institute
Restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal is stated to be specially：During the microorganism passivator imposed on into heavy-metal contaminated soil topsoil, plough shallowly
Make mixing, water spray makes ground moistening, balance Planting Crops after two weeks.
Preferably, the microorganism passivator of the repairing heavy metal in soil pollution is specially when imposing on：In every mu, slightly
The microorganism passivator 10-15kg that heavy-metal contaminated soil is applied, every gram of micro- life of described repairing heavy metal in soil pollution
The bacteria containing amount of thing passivator is that number of viable is 2-10 hundred million.
Preferably, the heavy metal-polluted soil is the one kind or several in cadmium, arsenic, lead, mercury, chromium, copper, zinc, nickel Heavy Metals
Kind.Proved by substantial amounts of different tests, micro- life that the repairing heavy metal in soil produced using the excellent absorption carrier of speciality is polluted
Thing passivator its technical indicator can reach following index, content of beary metal be not above Ministry of Agriculture's bio-feritlizer professional standard without
Evilization index, is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：The technical indicator of edaphon passivator
| Project | Miscellaneous bacteria rate（%） | pH | Moisture（%） | |
| Content | 4-6 | ≤10 | 5-7 | 29-35 % |
Above-mentioned/gram refers to the number containing microorganism in every gram of solid；% refers to add in the solid of quality and contain parts per hundred parts
There is the mass fraction of object.
Fourth aspect, the invention further relates to the microorganism passivator application process that foregoing repairing heavy metal in soil pollutes,
Comprise the following steps that：By microorganism passivator, according to every mu of 10-15kg consumption, the farmland table in heavy metal pollution is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields
Face, the cm of topsoil 20 is mixed, and water spray makes ground moistening, and balance can long-term cropping after 15-20 days.
Further, number of viable contained by the biological passivator is 2-10 hundred million.
Further, the heavy metal is one or more in cadmium, arsenic, lead, chromium, mercury, copper, zinc, nickel.
The administration of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil of the invention, can drop heavy metal-polluted soil bio-available Zn concentration
Low 20%-30%, acid soil pH value improves 0.3-0.6 unit, main food agricultural products（Paddy rice, corn, wheat）With much money
Category content reduction 20%-40%, staple vegetable agricultural products（Leaf vegetables, root vegetables, melon and fruit class）The reduction of other agricultural product content of beary metal
More than 20%；Main food agricultural products volume increase more than 5%, staple vegetable agricultural products volume increase more than 8%；With significantly reduce weight
Metal active, suppresses effect that crop absorbs.
Principle of the invention：Efficient remediating heavy metal strain is the core of passivating agent products effect, bacillus subtilis
（Bacillus subtilis）LVLE-14, is that the efficient absorption for using high-throughput techniques to be screened from heavy-metal contaminated soil is resistance to heavy
Metal bacterial strain, and by ion beam mutation and the further mutagenic obtained bacterial strain of the means such as mutagenesis is combined, it is deposited in China
Microbiological Culture Collection administration committee common micro-organisms center, deposit number is：CGMCC No.12639, it is ensured that the work of bacterial strain
Property and function.Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megateriumvar.phosphaticum) is in growth and breeding process
It is middle to produce substantial amounts of organic acid, the phosphorus containg substances of the indissoluble in soil can be decomposed or dissolved, and changed into and easily inhaled by plant
The P elements of receipts, improve the utilization rate of P elements；Titanium pigment content is improved and the big cadmium of mobility can be converted into stationary state
Phosphoric acid cadmium salt reduces the mobility of Cadmium in Soil, so that restoring cadmium polluted farmland, it is ensured that agricultural product security.The huge gemma of phosphorus decomposing
Bacillus and bacillus subtilis act synergistically, and strengthen passivator repairing effect, improve passivator remediation efficiency.Absorption carrier is blunt
The basis of agent product, is the key factor for determining passivating agent products viable count.The hydrolysis residue produced during production monosodium glutamate contains greatly
The organic matter of amount, monosodium glutamate, humic acid, protein and middle trace element, only microorganism does not provide good existence and growth
Environment, strengthens bacterial strain time-to-live in soil, while also strengthening its colonization ability in soil.In addition it is big contained by hydrolysis residue
Heavy metal ion has stronger fixation to molecular substance in itself.Charcoal maintains the basic structure of original biomass,
It has a large amount of irregular micropores, and exactly these micropores and surface texture for microorganism perch breed provide one it is perfect
Place, this not only reduces the struggle for existence between microbiologic population, but also by themselves provide existence indispensability
Mineral matter nutritional, carbon source and energy so that perching and breeding for microorganism provides excellent platform condition.In addition charcoal exists
Chemical constitution and functional group's composition it is upper mainly comprising aliphatic and aromatic compound and carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl group, phenyl ring, carbonyl,
The main functional groups such as aliphatic double bond, these groups can adsorb fixed heavy metal ion.Therefore hydrolysis residue and charcoal compound it
Be obtained afterwards absorption carrier can promotion functions bacterial strain flourish, and heavy metal-passivated ion can be fixed.
The present invention not only screens a kind of microbial strains of heavy metal efficient absorption from the soil of heavy metal pollution, and
And absorption carrier is innovated, this carrier contains the various nutriments of growth of microorganism, is conducive to the flourish of microorganism, and
And solve the early stage treatment technology of this raw material.The present invention also passes through repetition test, it is determined that the suction of this carrier and strain
Attached ratio, is more beneficial for the flourish of microorganism, it is ensured that its viable count high.Because cost of material is cheap and easily-available, product price
Also it is relatively cheap, can dissolve again, viable bacteria is discharged rapidly, make the using effect of product fast and obvious, with the direct adhered bacteria of raw material
Body reduces technological process, shortens the production time, while making the waste residue of Gourmet Powder Factory reach disposal of resources and effectively utilization, becomes useless
It is treasured, is made the environment protection type soil microorganism passivator of high-quality, reduce the pollution to environment, realizes refuse reclamation.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1. the bacillus subtilis LVLE-14 heavy metals that the present invention is used have resistance and strong enriching, are to repair a huge sum of money
The desirable strain of category, energy active absorption or/and Adsorption of Heavy Metals, reduce its biological effectiveness；Bacterial strain is directly from heavy metal pollution
Screened in soil, environmental suitability is strong, and survival rate is high.
2. the phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megateriumvar.phosphaticum) that the present invention is used
Substantial amounts of organic acid can be produced during growth and breeding, the phosphorus containg substances of the indissoluble in soil can be decomposed or dissolved, it is solvable
Property phosphorus content improve and can the big cadmium of mobility are converted into the phosphoric acid cadmium salt of stationary state to reduce the mobility of Cadmium in Soil.In addition
Bacillus megaterium can discharge the amylase and various promotive factors of high activity when breeding, improve Fertilizer application rate, promote
Plant absorption nutrient, improves fertilizer efficiency, and the poly- Vetsin that its metabolism is produced has stronger retain water and nutrients ability, prepared by the present invention
Soil of the heavy metal deactivator mainly for heavy metal pollution.
3rd, microorganism passivator production provide a kind of new absorption carrier raw material, broken traditional use turf,
The pattern of bacterium solution absorption carrier when vermiculite and diatomite etc. are as production microorganism passivator, and solve using the life of this raw material
Production. art problem, also for a large amount of high pollution waste disposals produced during amino acids production provide a brand-new resource
Change treatment approach；While production cost is reduced, product quality is also improved；
4th, it is safe and environment-friendly：This technology direct material is to produce the hydrolysis residue produced during amino acid, eliminates exhaust emission again
There is good economic benefit because obtaining product, it is zero to administer thorough, blowdown, and changing waste into resources protects ecological environment；
5th, production is stacked, and is conducive to growth to breed：The brand-new adsorption method of bacterium solution is directly adsorbed using special absorption carrier,
Bacterium solution absorption after crush during raw material can produce certain heat make passivator temperature raise, carrier contain in itself it is rich
Under conditions of rich nutriment, microbes continued growth breeding therein increased micro organism quantity in passivating agent products,
Further increase the quality of passivator；
6th, raw material be easy to get, process is simple, the industrialized implementation that is easy to, not by resource constraint, investment cost reduce：Due to being waste profit
With, therefore material is easy to get cheaply, can be produced in enormous quantities.Can be wasted natural resources with turf, differentiation coal, exploitation destruction vegetation,
And it is insoluble, fertilizer efficiency is low, and heavy metal pollution of soil improvement is notable.
The microorganism passivator of the repairing heavy metal in soil pollution that the 7th, the present invention is provided can effectively reduce a huge sum of money in soil
Category bio-available Zn concentration, and greatly increase the quantity and plant products of microbial population；Using microorganism passivator pair of the invention
The method of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation belongs to in-situ immobilization, simple to operate, with low cost, it is easy to industrialized implementation；And repair
Effect is good, does not destroy soil fertility, can improve resource utilization.
Brief description of the drawings
The detailed description made to non-limiting example with reference to the following drawings by reading, further feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is carrier generation process chart；
Fig. 2 is the generation process chart of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment hydrolysis residue and charcoal prepare absorption carrier, the microorganism passivation of production repairing heavy metal in soil pollution
Agent, the present embodiments relate to the production technology of absorption carrier that arrives as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiments relate to the reparation soil for arriving
The process chart of the generation of the microorganism passivator of earth heavy metal pollution is as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is related to the preparation method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution, comprises the following steps：
1st, strain fermentation
By bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）With phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus
Megateriumvar.phosphaticum inclined-plane culture, shaking table Amplification Culture, seeding tank fermentation) are proceeded through respectively and are fermented
Tank ferments, is mixed to get zymocyte liquid, and the number of viable of the zymocyte liquid reaches 4,600,000,000/ml；
2nd, vehicle treated
Hydrolysis residue takes from Henan "Lotus" gourmet powder company limited by shares.
Bulk hydrolysis residue is broken into pieces powder or little particle, with powdered lime according to hydrolysis residue：Lime=2：1 ratio is mixed
Close, crush, after the thin stockpile of powder is put into 10 hours, then sieving pack, makes its pH reach 7.0-7.8.；By pre-treat biological carbon
Dust technology with mass fraction 10% presses 1（Kg）:10 (L) mix, stirring 8 hours in agitator, after filtering with distilled water repeatedly
Cleaning filter residue is neutral to pH.Hydrolysis residue and charcoal in mass ratio 1 after processing:4 co-grindings are obtained carrier.
3rd, adsorb
By mixed bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）With phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus
Megateriumvar.phosphaticum) zymotic fluid is adsorbed with the carrier handled well, and bacterium solution is in mixing plant is adsorbed
According to bacterium solution（L）：Carrier（Kg）=0.1：1 ratio is adsorbed, and is then stirred, and moisture is controlled in 35 % or so, with pine
Dissipate not lump and be defined, obtain solid microbe passivator；
4th, crush
Mentioned microorganism passivator is crushed with chain crusher, fineness is reached 60-80 mesh.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to the preparation method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution, comprises the following steps：
By bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）With phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus
Megateriumvar.phosphaticum inclined-plane culture, shaking table Amplification Culture, seeding tank fermentation) are proceeded through respectively and are fermented
Tank ferments, is mixed to get zymocyte liquid, and the number of viable of the zymocyte liquid reaches 4,600,000,000/ml；
Bulk hydrolysis residue is broken into pieces powder or little particle, with powdered lime according to hydrolysis residue：Lime=3：1 ratio mixing, powder
It is broken, after the thin stockpile of powder is put into 15 hours, second crushing is carried out, then sieving pack, its pH reaches 7.0-7.8.To locate in advance
The dust technology of reason biological carbon and mass fraction 10% presses 1（Kg）:10 (L) mix, and are stirred 8 hours in agitator, with steaming after filtering
It is neutral to pH that distilled water cleans filter residue repeatedly.Hydrolysis residue and charcoal in mass ratio 1 after processing:4 co-grindings are obtained in carrier.
By mixed bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）With phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus
Megateriumvar.phosphaticum) bacterium solution is according to bacterium solution（L）：Carrier（Kg）=0.3：2 ratio is adsorbed, then
Stir, moisture is controlled in 35 % or so, is defined by not luming loosely, obtains solid microbe passivator；
Solid microbe passivator after absorption, is crushed with chain crusher, fineness is reached 60-80 mesh.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is related to the preparation method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution, comprises the following steps：
By bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）With phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus
Megateriumvar.phosphaticum) respectively through inclined-plane culture, shaking table Amplification Culture, seeding tank fermentation and fermentation tank hair
Ferment, zymocyte liquid is mixed to get, the number of viable of zymocyte liquid reaches 4,600,000,000/ml；
Bulk hydrolysis residue is broken into pieces powder or little particle, with powdered lime according to hydrolysis residue：Lime=2：1 ratio mixing, powder
It is broken, after the thin stockpile of powder is put into 10 hours, second crushing is carried out, then sieving pack, its pH reaches 7.0-7.8.To locate in advance
The dust technology of reason biological carbon and mass fraction 10% presses 1（Kg）:10 (L) mix, and are stirred 12 hours in agitator, are used after filtering
It is neutral to pH that distilled water cleans filter residue repeatedly.Hydrolysis residue and charcoal in mass ratio 3 after processing:7 co-grindings are obtained and are carrying
Body.
By mixed bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）With phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus
Megateriumvar.phosphaticum) bacterium solution is adsorbed with the carrier handled well respectively, is pressed in mixing plant is adsorbed
According to bacterium solution（L）：Carrier（Kg）=0.3：1.5 ratio is adsorbed, and is then stirred, and moisture is controlled in 35 % or so, with pine
Dissipate not lump and be defined, obtain solid microbe passivator；
Solid microbe passivator after absorption, is crushed with chain crusher, fineness is reached 60-80 mesh.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is related to the preparation method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution, comprises the following steps：
By bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）With phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus
Megateriumvar.phosphaticum) respectively through inclined-plane culture, shaking table Amplification Culture, seeding tank fermentation and fermentation tank hair
Ferment, zymocyte liquid is mixed to get, the number of viable of the zymocyte liquid reaches 4,600,000,000/ml；
Bulk hydrolysis residue is broken into pieces powder or little particle, with powdered lime according to hydrolysis residue：Lime=3：1 ratio mixing, powder
It is broken, after the thin stockpile of powder is put into 15 hours, second crushing is carried out, then sieving pack, its pH reaches 7.0-7.8.To locate in advance
The dust technology of reason biological carbon and mass fraction 10% presses 1（Kg）:10 (L) mix, and are stirred 12 hours in agitator, are used after filtering
It is neutral to pH that distilled water cleans filter residue repeatedly.Hydrolysis residue and charcoal in mass ratio 3 after processing:7 co-grindings are obtained and are carrying
Body.
By mixed bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）With phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium (Bacillus
Megateriumvar.phosphaticum) bacterium solution is adsorbed with the carrier handled well respectively, is pressed in mixing plant is adsorbed
According to bacterium solution（L）：Carrier（Kg）=0.2:1.5 ratio is adsorbed, and is then stirred, and moisture is controlled in 35 % or so, with pine
Dissipate not lump and be defined, obtain solid microbe passivator；
Solid microbe passivator after absorption, is crushed with chain crusher, fineness is reached 60-80 mesh.
1.1 experiment materials
Soil picks up from Hunan Province's Chenzhou City Guiyang County paddy soil, physiochemical properties of soil：Soil pH 6.36, organic matter
45.42g/kg, the mg/kg of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 77.8, the mg/kg of available phosphorus 56.2, the mg/kg of available potassium 73.6, the mg/kg of full cadmium 1.32,
Full arsenic 70.55mg/kg, soil is through air-drying levigate, sieving for standby.
1.2 test methods
Experiment is carried out in plant area of Shanghai City Lv Le bio tech ltd, 5 treatment of experimental design, processes as shown in the table,
3 repetitions (basin) are often processed, totally 15 basin.Experiment is from plastic tub (37.15 cm × 27.15 cm), Mei Pen Installed soil 3kg.
Self-control microorganism passivator is empirically designed to be mixed with soil and is fitted into non-porous basin alms bowl, periodically watered, in 21d samplings, soil sample
After air-drying, using DTPA extractants（0.005mol/L DTPA-0.1 mol/LTEA-0.01 mol/LCaCl2）Extract, detection
Available Cd content：Using 0.5mol/LNaHCO3Extract, detect available state arsenic content.
The experiment process of table 3.
| Numbering | Treatment |
| Treatment 1 | Control, 3ml clear water |
| Treatment 2 | 3ml microorganisms passivator 1（Embodiment 1 is obtained） |
| Treatment 3 | 3ml microorganisms passivator 2（Embodiment 2 is obtained） |
| Treatment 4 | 3ml microorganisms passivator 3（Embodiment 3 is obtained） |
| Treatment 5 | 3ml microorganisms passivator 4（Embodiment 4 is obtained） |
1.3 interpretations of result
Experimental result such as table 4, shows to be processed using microorganism passivator, and soil pH is relatively compareed increases by 0.33 respectively（No. 1）、0.45
（No. 2）、0.32（No. 3）、0.50（No. 4）Individual unit, correspondence available Cd content reduction by 23.2%（No. 1）、28.7%（No. 2）、
22.2%（No. 3）、33.0%（No. 4）, correspondence available state arsenic content reduction by 27.3%（No. 1）、23.2%（No. 2）、22.2%（No. 3）、
33.0%（No. 4）.Show that the present invention can to a certain degree improve soil acidity environment, reduce effective cadmium content of soil, wherein pH puts down
0.40 unit is improved, effective cadmium averagely reduces by 26.8%, and effective arsenic averagely reduces by 23.7%.
The microorganism passivator of table 4 is to soil pH and effective cadmium, the influence of arsenic
| Numbering | Soil pH | Amplification | Effective cadmium (mg/kg） | The range of decrease | Effective arsenic (mg/kg） | The range of decrease |
| Treatment 1 | 6.36 | - | 0.3036 | - | 3.5275 | - |
| Treatment 2 | 6.69 | 0.33 | 0.2156 | 23.2 | 2.5142 | 27.3 |
| Treatment 3 | 6.81 | 0.45 | 0.2252 | 28.7 | 2.7793 | 21.2 |
| Treatment 4 | 6.68 | 0.32 | 0.2266 | 22.2 | 2.6394 | 25.2 |
| Treatment 5 | 6.86 | 0.50 | 0.2036 | 33.0 | 2.7885 | 21.0 |
1.4 conclusions
By the prepared microorganism passivator of the present invention, every mu is applied 15kg, and heavy metal cadmium, As polluted soil repairing effect show
Write, soil acidity environment can be improved, pH is improved 0.32-0.50 unit；Cadmium, arsenic bioactivity can be reduced, wherein active cadmium
Reduce 22.2%-33.0%, active arsenic reduction 21.0%-27.3%.Microorganism passivator repairing effect obtained in different embodiments is omited
There is difference.
Test example 2：Influence of the microorganism passivator to paddy rice Cd uptake
2.1 test sites：Youxian County of Hunan Province Nong Wang Rice Croppings Specialty Co-operative Organization rice terrace, paddy soil type is yellowish soil,
Soil pH 6.05, the g/kg of organic matter 20.4, the mg/kg of available phosphorus 25.6, available potassium 52.8mg/kg, full cadmium 0.64mg/kg.
2.2 test methods：
For studying thing for paddy rice Y two excellent 973.Experiment sets 5 treatment, and each treatment is repeated 3 times, experimental plot area 20m2（5
× 4 meters）, RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, each treatment is provided with individual irrigation irrigation canals and ditches.Experiment process is as follows：
Treatment 1：The kg/hm of conventional fertilizer application+1502Clear water
Treatment 2：The kg/hm of conventional fertilizer application+1502Microorganism passivator 1（Embodiment 1 is obtained）
Treatment 3：The kg/hm of conventional fertilizer application+1502Microorganism passivator 2（Embodiment 2 is obtained）
Treatment 4：The kg/hm of conventional fertilizer application+1502Microorganism passivator 3（Embodiment 3 is obtained）
Treatment 5：The kg/hm of conventional fertilizer application+1502Microorganism passivator 4（Embodiment 4 is obtained）
Youxian County, late rice was sowed on June 20th, 2016, and July 17 transplanted, and Transplanting Density is 6 cun × 6 cun, according to testing program,
Conventional fertilizer application is the kg/hm of 40% (20-8-12) composite fertilizer 3752Make base manure, after transplanting 6 days with the kg/hm of urea 1502+ chlorination
The kg/hm of potassium 752Topdress.Microorganism passivator was uniformly removed in rice field field table in 10-15 days or so before shoot transplanting equipment, was then turned over
Cultivated, harrow broken, then transplants seedlings with water.Other are carried out according to crop field Routine Management.Harvested in October 14, harvest time-division cell list
Receive, list shines, each cell production of calculating of individually weighing.During ripe and harvested, soil and whole strain paddy rice sample are gathered respectively, gather 3 times altogether,
Soil and paddy rice sample when soil sample and late rice are gathered in before trying, compare so as to front and rear.Sample unifies censorship, according to Cai Yong not HJ
491-2009 standard methods and GB/T5009.123-2003 standard methods determine soil and Cd concentration of brown rice.
2.3 results and analysis
2.3.1 influence of the microorganism passivator to soil pH and available Cd content
Influence of the microorganism passivator to soil pH and available Cd content as shown in table 5, as a result shows, is passivated using microorganism
Agent can improve soil pH, reduce available Cd content.Wherein Datong District's bridge town soil pH improves 0.31-0.42 unit, averagely
0.35 unit, available Cd content is then by low 22.0%-27.1%, average 24.5%.
Influence of the heavy metal-polluted soil renovation agent of table 5 to soil pH and available Cd content
| Numbering | pH | Amplification | Available Cd content（mg·kg-1） | The range of decrease（%） |
| Treatment 1 | 6.05 | - | 0.192 | - |
| Treatment 2 | 6.41 | 0.36 | 0.146 | 23.8 |
| Treatment 3 | 6.38 | 0.33 | 0.150 | 22.0 |
| Treatment 4 | 6.36 | 0.31 | 0.140 | 27.1 |
| Treatment 5 | 6.47 | 0.42 | 0.144 | 24.9 |
2.3.2 influence of the microorganism passivator to rice yield and Cd concentration of brown rice
Influence of the microorganism passivator to rice yield and Cd concentration of brown rice as shown in table 6, as a result shows, is passivated using microorganism
Agent can to a certain degree improve rice yield, and late rice yield relatively compares every mu of volume increase 7.5%（No. 1）, 5.0%（No. 2）, 6.2%（3
Number）, 5.9%（No. 4）, averagely increase production 6.2%；Can significantly reduce Cd concentration of brown rice using microorganism passivator, late rice cadmium content compared with
Control reduces by 28.6%（No. 1）, 32.1 %（No. 2）, 33.9%（No. 3）, 36.1%（No. 4）, averagely reduce by 32.7%.
Influence of the microorganism passivator of table 6 to rice yield
| Numbering | Per mu yield (kg) | Amplification (%) | Cd concentration of brown rice (kg) | The range of decrease (%) |
| Treatment 1 | 643.6 | - | 0.1600 | - |
| Treatment 2 | 691.8 | 7.5 | 0.1142 | 28.6 |
| Treatment 3 | 676.1 | 5.0 | 0.1087 | 32.1 |
| Treatment 4 | 683.2 | 6.2 | 0.1057 | 33.9 |
| Treatment 5 | 681.9 | 5.9 | 0.1022 | 36.1 |
2.4 conclusions
Field plot test result indicate that, in heavy metal cadmium rice field, every mu can improve soil using 15kg microorganisms passivator
0.31-0.42 unit of pH value, reduces effective cadmium content of soil 22.0%-27.1%, the average every mu of volume increase 39.7kg of late rice, increases
6.2%, cadmium content averagely reduces by 0.052 mg/kg, the range of decrease 32.7%.Microorganism passivator obtained in different embodiments uses effect
Fruit slightly has difference.
Test example 3：Influence of the microorganism passivator to Chinese cabbage and radish Cd uptake
3.1 test sites
Pudong New Area, Shanghai, horticultural vegetable field soil type is yellowish soil, soil pH 6.22, the g/kg of organic matter 16.2, available phosphorus
36.2 mg/kg, available potassium 43.6mg/kg, full cadmium 0.42mg/kg.
3.2 test methods
For studying thing for rich No. 1 of Chinese cabbage (Brassiachinensis) capital, radish（Raphanussativus L）Nan Pan continents.Experiment
5 treatment are set, and each treatment is repeated 3 times, experimental plot area 20m2（Long 5 is wide 4 meters）, it is ensured that often row planting number is consistent,
RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, each treatment is provided with individual irrigation irrigation canals and ditches.Experiment process is as follows：
Treatment 1：Control（Conventional fertilizer application）；
Treatment 2：The kg/hm of conventional fertilizer application+1502Microorganism passivator 1（Embodiment 1 is obtained）
Treatment 3：The kg/hm of conventional fertilizer application+1502Microorganism passivator 2（Embodiment 2 is obtained）
Treatment 4：The kg/hm of conventional fertilizer application+1502Microorganism passivator 3（Embodiment 3 is obtained）
Treatment 5：The kg/hm of conventional fertilizer application+1502Microorganism passivator 4（Embodiment 4 is obtained）
Microorganism passivator is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface in mid-June, 2016, using rotary tillage equipment by itself and topsoil
Fully mix.Sowed on July 20th, 2016 for examination Chinese cabbage and radish, nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer is applied before sowing and makees base manure, Seedling Stage is imposed
Urea and potash fertilizer, field management are carried out by crop field routine operation.At the 50th day of Chinese cabbage and radish growth, random acquisition 5 was whole respectively
Strain is used as to determine.Sample unifies censorship, according to not Cai Yong HJ 491-2009 standard methods and GB/T5009.123-2003 mark
Quasi- method determines soil and sample cadmium content.
3.3 results and analysis
3.3.1 influence of the microorganism passivator to soil pH and available Cd content
Influence of the microorganism passivator to soil pH and available Cd content such as table 7, shows to apply microorganism passivator soil pH
Relatively control increases by 0.39 respectively（No. 1）、0.52（No. 2）、0.42（No. 3）、0.46（No. 4）Individual unit, correspondence available Cd content
Reduce by 17.7%（No. 1）、23.8%（No. 2）、22.1%（No. 3）、20.8%（No. 4）.Show that the prepared passivator of the present invention can certain journey
Degree improves soil acidity environment, reduces effective cadmium content of soil, and wherein pH averagely improves 0.45 unit, and effective cadmium averagely drops
It is low by 21.1%.
Influence of the microorganism passivator of table 7 to soil pH and available Cd content
| Numbering | pH | Amplification | Available Cd content（mg/kg） | The range of decrease |
| Treatment 1 | 6.22 | - | 0.097 | - |
| Treatment 2 | 6.55 | 0.39 | 0.074 | 23.9 |
| Treatment 3 | 6.63 | 0.52 | 0.078 | 19.4 |
| Treatment 4 | 6.55 | 0.42 | 0.073 | 24.6 |
| Treatment 5 | 6.61 | 0.46 | 0.076 | 21.6 |
3.3.2 influence of the microorganism passivator to Chinese cabbage and radish yield
Influence of the microorganism passivator to Chinese cabbage and radish yield such as table 8, show using microorganism passivator can promote Chinese cabbage and
The growth of radish, improves edible part biomass, and the worth microorganism passivator effect of different embodiments slightly has difference.To Chinese cabbage
For, the upperground part biomass relatively compares 232.5 g of average increase, amplification 10.8%；For radish, underground part biomass is relatively compareed
It is average to increase 77.8g, amplification 12.7%.
Influence of the microorganism passivator of table 8 to leaf vegetables yield
| Numbering | Chinese cabbage fresh weight (kg/ plants) | Amplification | (kg/ plants of radish fresh weight） | Amplification |
| Treatment 1 | 2.14 | 0.612 | ||
| Treatment 2 | 2.37 | 10.8 | 0.696 | 13.7 |
| Treatment 3 | 2.33 | 8.8 | 0.688 | 12.4 |
| Treatment 4 | 2.38 | 11.1 | 0.682 | 11.5 |
| Treatment 5 | 2.41 | 12.4 | 0.693 | 13.2 |
3.3.3 influence of the microorganism passivator to Chinese cabbage and radish cadmium content
Influence of the microorganism passivator to leaf vegetables cadmium content such as table 9, shows that using microorganism passivator Chinese cabbage can be significantly reduced
With radish edible part cadmium content, different embodiments be obtained passivator effect slightly have difference.For Chinese cabbage, overground part cadmium content
Relatively control reduces 0.047-0.060mg/kg, range of decrease 20.7%-26.5%, average 23.4%.For radish, underground part cadmium content compared with
Control reduces 0.019-0.022 mg/kg, range of decrease 25.3%-29.1%, average 27.4%.
Influence of the microorganism passivator of table 9 to leaf vegetables cadmium content
| Numbering | Chinese cabbage cadmium content (mg/kg） | The range of decrease (%) | Radish cadmium content（mg/kg） | The range of decrease (%) |
| Treatment 1 | 0.2268 | - | 0.0745 | - |
| Treatment 2 | 0.1668 | 26.5 | 0.0528 | 29.1 |
| Treatment 3 | 0.1799 | 20.7 | 0.0530 | 28.8 |
| Treatment 4 | 0.1728 | 23.8 | 0.0548 | 26.4 |
| Treatment 5 | 0.1759 | 22.4 | 0.0557 | 25.3 |
4. conclusion
Field experiment shows that the prepared microorganism every mu of 15kg of passivator of the present invention can averagely improve 0.45 list of soil pH value
Position, available Cd content reduction by 21.1%.Chinese cabbage and radish edible part biomass increase by 10.8% and 12.7% respectively, and cadmium content is then
23.4% and 27.4% is reduced respectively.
In sum, can be drawn from embodiment 1-4 of the present invention：The present invention is not only from the soil of heavy metal pollution
A kind of microbial strains of heavy metal efficient absorption, and innovation absorption carrier are screened, this carrier contains growth of microorganism
Various nutriments, be conducive to the flourish of microorganism, and solve the early stage treatment technology of this raw material.The present invention
Also pass through repetition test, it is determined that this carrier and the ratio of adsorption of strain, be more beneficial for the flourish of microorganism, it is ensured that its
Viable count high.The cost of material that the present invention is used is cheap and easily-available, can dissolve again, and viable bacteria is discharged rapidly, makes the using effect of product
Fast and obvious, thalline is directly adsorbed with raw material reduces technological process, and production cost relative reduction shortens the production time, together
When make Gourmet Powder Factory waste residue reach disposal of resources and effectively utilization, turn waste into wealth, be made the secondary salt of Environmental-protection agricultural of high-quality
Stain edaphon passivator, reduces the pollution to environment, fundamentally improves the soil of heavy metal pollution, while realizing
Refuse reclamation.The microorganism passivator of the repairing heavy metal in soil pollution that the present invention is provided can effectively reduce a huge sum of money in soil
Category bio-available Zn concentration, and greatly increase the quantity and plant products of microbial population；Using microorganism passivator pair of the invention
The method of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation belongs to in-situ immobilization, simple to operate, with low cost, it is easy to industrialized implementation；And repair
Effect is good, does not destroy soil fertility, can improve resource utilization.
Specific embodiment of the invention is described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can within the scope of the claims make various deformations or amendments, this not shadow
Sound substance of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. the microorganism passivator of a kind of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution, it is characterised in that including phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium and
Bacterium solution, absorption carrier that bacillus subtilis generates after being fermented, the bacterium solution is 0.1- with the mass ratio of absorption carrier
0.3：1-2, viable count be 2-10 hundred million/gram.
2. a kind of preparation method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil as claimed in claim 1 pollution, its feature
It is that the described method comprises the following steps：
（1）Strain fermentation：
a:Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium is fermented, A bacterium solutions are obtained；
b:Bacillus subtilis is fermented, B bacterium solutions are obtained；The bacillus subtilis is deposited in Chinese microorganism strain preservation
Administration committee's common micro-organisms center, deposit number is：CGMCC No.12639；
c:A bacterium solutions after fermentation are mixed with B bacterium solutions, bacterium solution is obtained；
（2）Vehicle treated：
a:Break into the hydrolysis residue of pretreatment into pieces powder or little particle, then mix with powdered lime, crush after reacted to pH
5.5-8.5 is reached, hydrolysis residue is obtained；
b:Pre-treat biological carbon and dust technology are pressed into mass volume ratio 1:10 mixing, stir 8-12 hours in agitator, filtering
Clean filter residue repeatedly with distilled water afterwards neutral to pH, dry for standby；
c:Hydrolysis residue and charcoal 1-3 in mass ratio after processing：5-7 mixes, and crushes, and obtains absorption carrier；
（3）The preparation of passivator：The 0.1-0.3 in mass ratio in the absorption carrier:1-2 adds step（1）Described in bacterium
Liquid, is well mixed, that is, obtain the solid microbe passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution；
（4）By above-mentioned solid microbe passivator, crushed with chain crusher, fineness is reached 60-80 mesh, got product
Microorganism passivator.
3. the production method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil according to claim 2 pollution, its feature exists
In step（2）In, the number of times of the crushing is more than secondary.
4. the production method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil according to claim 2 pollution, its feature exists
In step（2）In, the dust technology mass fraction is 10%.
5. the production method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil according to claim 2 pollution, its feature exists
In step（2）In, the charcoal includes：Stalk, shell class, wooden class；The stalk includes：Maize straw, Wheat Straw
Stalk, rice straw, cotton stalk, reed one or more；The shell class includes：Peanut shell, hazelnut shell, chestnut shell one or more；It is described
Wooden class includes：Wood chip, bamboo charcoal, mushroom slag one or more.
6. the production method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil according to claim 2 pollution, its feature exists
In step（2）In, the hydrolysis residue is 2-3 with the mass ratio of the lime：1, the hydrolysis residue is with the reaction time of lime
10-15 hours.
7. the production method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil according to claim 2 pollution, its feature exists
In step（3）In, it is described adsorbed after passivator moisture control within 35 %.
8. the production method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil according to claim 2 pollution, its feature exists
In step（1）In, living bacteria count sum reaches 35-60 hundred million/ml bacterium solutions in the bacterium solution.
9. the production method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil according to claim 2 pollution, its feature exists
In step（4）In, the number of viable of the microorganism passivator of finished product repairing heavy metal in soil pollution for 2-10 hundred million/gram.
10. the production method of the microorganism passivator of repairing heavy metal in soil according to claim 2 pollution, its feature exists
One or more in, the heavy metal-polluted soil is cadmium, arsenic, lead, mercury, chromium, copper, zinc, nickel heavy metal.
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