CN112592866A - Carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112592866A CN112592866A CN202011642241.8A CN202011642241A CN112592866A CN 112592866 A CN112592866 A CN 112592866A CN 202011642241 A CN202011642241 A CN 202011642241A CN 112592866 A CN112592866 A CN 112592866A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002730 succinyl group Chemical group C(CCC(=O)*)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930188428 trichomycin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of soil remediation microbial agents, wherein the carbon-based microbial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of composite microbial bacteria, 200-300 parts of microbial agent culture medium, 500 parts of wood peat/plant ash, 40-60 parts of biomass ash, 150 parts of sodium humate and 30-40 parts of amino acid nutrient solution; wherein the compound microorganism bacteria comprise photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, ferment bacteria and lactic acid bacteria. The invention has the advantages that the pesticide, hormone and inorganic nutrients remained in the soil can be degraded, the accumulation of pollutants such as pesticide and toxic heavy metal in the soil in the air and water source can be prevented, and the absorption of heavy metal substances by the plant root system can be prevented; meanwhile, the soil conditioner has obvious effects on the problems of soil acidification, hardening, salinization, heavy metal pollution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation biological agents, in particular to a microbial carbon-based composite agent for soil remediation, a preparation method of the carbon-based microbial composite agent for soil remediation and application of the carbon-based microbial composite agent for soil remediation in soil remediation.
Background
Soil is an important component of the earth's ecosystem. The content of biochemical substances in soil affects the growth of surface organisms, and particularly, the exceeding of the content of various chemical substances not only affects the normal growth of plants, but also enters human bodies and other animal bodies for enrichment through food chains and other ways, thereby affecting the health of the human bodies. Since entering the industrial society, the industrial development and the urbanization progress are all aggravatedHeavy metal in soil is accumulated to cause soil heavy metal pollution, and the pollution area is enlarged year by year according to investigation carried out by Ministry of agriculture, the farmland soil in China is 140 ten thousand hm2In a sewage irrigation area, the land area polluted by heavy metal accounts for 64.8 percent of the area of the sewage irrigation area; the yield of the grain is reduced by 1000 million due to heavy metal pollution every year, the grain polluted by the heavy metal reaches 1200 million tons every year, and the total loss is at least 200 hundred million yuan. The heavy metal enrichment in the farmland reaches a certain degree, so that the yield and the quality of crops are reduced, and the safety of an ecological system and human beings is seriously threatened. The artificial source is the main soil heavy metal pollution source and mainly comprises fertilization, application of animal wastes and biosolids, sewage irrigation, atmospheric sedimentation and the like.
The overproof rate of heavy metal pollution points of farmland soil in China is relatively high, but light pollution is mainly used; the contaminated soil mainly contains 5 health risk heavy metal elements of Cd, As, Hg, Pb and Cr, particularly the highest risk of Cd, and the 3 environmental risks of Ni, Cu and Zn mainly containing ecological risks are relatively low.
At present, the soil remediation mainly comprises the following four methods, and the concrete advantages and disadvantages are as follows:
(1) the physical treatment method comprises the following steps: including membrane separation, physical adsorption, soil replacement, soil-moving, soil-turning, electrodynamic remediation, solidification, stabilization, etc. The methods of the physical measures have the advantages of stability and quick response, but have the defects of large engineering quantity, high investment cost, hidden danger of secondary pollution and the like, and are not suitable for treating large-area pollution.
(2) The chemical treatment method comprises the following steps: the method comprises a chemical precipitation method, an ion exchange method, a leaching method, a chemical modifier application method, a soil organic matter increasing method and the like, although the methods can reduce the toxicity of heavy metals in the environment and improve the biological effectiveness in a short time, the method is easy to cause secondary pollution because chemical agents are artificially applied to the environment, and the method is an in-situ remediation method, the heavy metals still remain in the environment and are easy to reactivate, and the potential threat is not eliminated. In addition, intensive studies are lacking in terms of long-term effectiveness of the restoration effect and long-term stability of the ecosystem.
(3) The agricultural treatment method comprises the following steps: changing some farming management systems according to local conditions to reduce the harm of heavy metals, planting plants which do not enter a food chain in the polluted environment, and purifying the polluted environment by utilizing the absorption and enrichment effects of the plants on the heavy metals. The phytoremediation benefit mainly depends on the growth rate of plants, but the super-accumulative plants which are usually used for treating heavy metal pollution are short, low in biomass and long in growth period, so that the phytoremediation efficiency is low.
(4) The microorganism method comprises the following steps: the restoration technology for reducing the activity of harmful pollutants in soil or degrading harmful substances into harmless substances by utilizing indigenous microorganisms or artificially domesticated microorganisms with specific functions under the appropriate environmental conditions through the metabolism of the indigenous microorganisms or the artificially domesticated microorganisms has the advantages of low application cost of the restoration technology, small negative influence on the fertility and the metabolic activity of the soil, capability of avoiding the influence on human health and environment caused by pollutant transfer, and poor genetic stability and easy variation of the microorganisms. Chinese patent CN110355196A discloses a microbial soil restoration agent and a soil restoration method thereof, which adopts bacillus subtilis, thiobacillus, cyanobacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria and the like to restore soil, but the patent has no physical adsorption function and low effective cadmium degradation efficiency which is only about 12 percent. Chinese patent CN110643369A discloses a heavy metal ecological stripping agent and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of xylo-butyl, 10-20 parts of glucan, 5-15 parts of xylitol, 5-15 parts of mucopolysaccharide, 10-20 parts of compound amino acid, 5-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-10 parts of lactic acid bacteria fermentation product, 5-10 parts of carboxylic acid bacteria fermentation product and 885-950 parts of purified water; however, the patent has large usage amount, low cost and complicated use. Chinese patent CN111363559A discloses a soil environmental-friendly restoration agent and a preparation method thereof, which comprises 20-30 parts of nano-silica sol, 10-20 parts of activated carbon, 15-20 parts of brown algae, 12-18 parts of bromelain, 8-16 parts of sphagnum, 8-14 parts of trichomycin, 8-16 parts of ethyl garlicin, 10-15 parts of amino polyhydroxy acid, 100 parts of plant ash, 200 parts of wheat straw crushed material, 40-60 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-15 parts of coating agent, 10-15 parts of microbial zymocyte liquid and water. However, this patent does not describe the kind of microbial agent, and since the added compound mainly acts, the action is not sustained, and the actual efficiency of degrading heavy metals is not exhibited, and there is no preventive effect on heavy metals deposited in the atmosphere. Chinese patent CN109867577A discloses a liquid organic fertilizer for reducing heavy metal pollution of soil and a production method thereof, and the liquid organic fertilizer comprises 40-50 parts of animal viscera, 20-30 parts of chicken manure, 30-40 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of grape skin, 20-30 parts of coconut shell powder, 20-30 parts of shrimp and crab shell powder, 5-10 parts of microbial agent, 5-10 parts of amino acid, 25-35 parts of charcoal, 4-8 parts of soybean lecithin, 5-10 parts of succinyl seaweed glycolipid, 5-10 parts of disaccharide monoester rhamnolipid and 2000-3500 parts of water, so as to restore the soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation and a preparation method and application thereof.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of composite microbial bacteria, 200-300 parts of microbial agent culture medium, 500 parts of wood peat/plant ash, 40-60 parts of biomass ash, 150 parts of sodium humate and 30-40 parts of amino acid nutrient solution; wherein, the compound microorganism bacterium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-20 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 1-20 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 1-25 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 1-15 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 1-18 parts of bacillus megaterium, 1-12 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1-10 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 1-13 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-20 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1-15 parts of candida tropicalis, 1-25 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-18 parts of geotrichum candidum, 1-15 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 1-10 parts of actinomyces azotobacter, 1-15 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 1-20 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 1-18 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 1-25 parts of lactobacillus casei.
Preferably, the compound microorganism bacterium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-15 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 6-15 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 6-20 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 6-10 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 6-13 parts of bacillus megaterium, 4-9 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 4-7 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 5-9 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 6-15 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 5-11 parts of candida tropicalis, 8-18 parts of saccharomycetes, 6-13 parts of geotrichum candidum, 5-11 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 4-7 parts of actinomyces azotobacter, 6-10 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 8-13 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 6-13 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 8-18 parts of lactobacillus casei.
Preferably, the compound microorganism bacterium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 10 parts of rhodospirillum calomel, 13 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 8 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 9 parts of bacillus megaterium, 6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 5 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 7 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 11 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 8 parts of candida tropicalis, 13 parts of saccharomycetes, 10 parts of geotrichum candidum, 8 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 5 parts of azotobacter actinomyces, 8 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 10 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 9 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 13 parts of lactobacillus casei.
Preferably, the special-purpose feed also comprises 40-60 parts of rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution, wherein the rare earth element is europium, and the mass ratio of the europium to the amino acid is 1: 9000-11000.
Preferably, the preparation method of the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution comprises the following steps: placing ferment bacteria and kitchen waste containing eggs, meat, feather and bones in a sealed reaction tank, adding underground water, controlling the temperature in the reaction tank to be 28-32 ℃, hermetically fermenting for 10-14 hours, and adding lactobacillus to continue fermenting; after 10-14 hours, adding rare earth elements for continuous fermentation; after 4-8 hours, taking out the mixture and filtering to obtain the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution; wherein the mass ratio of the ferment bacteria, the kitchen garbage, the underground water and the lactic acid bacteria is 1-3:40-60:1-3: 2-4.
Preferably, the feed also comprises 40-60 parts of oyster shell powder.
Preferably, the microbial agent culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of honey, 150-200 parts of brown sugar, 45-80 parts of peptone, 60-80 parts of yeast extract, 30-40 parts of vitamin nutrient solution, 30-40 parts of amino acid nutrient solution and 40-60 parts of inorganic element nutrient solution, wherein the vitamin nutrient solution comprises Vb 1-12; the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine; the inorganic element nutrient solution comprises phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, ferrum, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, manganese, nickel and tungsten.
The invention provides a preparation method of a carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation, which comprises the following steps:
s1, expanding bacteria: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum into a compound microbial inoculum culture medium, and performing amplification culture at the temperature of 25-35 ℃;
s2, screening: selecting the composite microbial bacteria with the fastest quantity increase by using a spectrophotometer, sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the temperature of 28-35 ℃, 22-28 ℃ and 15-22 ℃ for secondary cultivation, then sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the pH value of 6.4-6.6, 5.9-6.1 and 5.4-5.6 for secondary cultivation, and finally placing the composite microbial bacteria in a unified environment for secondary cultivation to obtain the screened composite microbial bacteria agent; adding cadmium element into the culture medium, wherein the addition amount of the cadmium element is one thousandth to three thousandth of the mass of the culture medium; placing the compound microorganism bacteria in the culture medium for continuous culture, and screening out the compound microorganism bacteria with the highest effective cadmium degradation speed for expanded culture;
s3, fermentation: adding RO water into the stirring barrel, adding honey and brown sugar, connecting the stirring barrel, a water pump and a fermentation tank, and circulating; then adding the screened compound microbial inoculum, compound vitamin nutrient solution, peptone and yeast extract, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain fermentation liquor; transferring the fermentation liquid into a fermentation tank, adding water until the distance from the tank opening is 10-20cm, sealing, and starting fermentation; opening an exhaust valve once every 14 hours and 22 hours after the fermentation broth enters the fermentation tank, exhausting once every 2-4 days, and obtaining a mixed solution of the compound microbial agent and the culture medium after the fermentation is finished;
s4, stirring and uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent and culture medium mixed solution, the woody peat/plant ash, the biomass ash, the amino acid nutrient solution, the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution, the sodium humate and the oyster shell powder to obtain the carbon-based microbial agent.
The third aspect of the present invention provides an application of the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation in soil remediation, wherein the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation can be directly broadcast in soil, or the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation and inorganic nutrients, namely nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, can be prepared into fertilizers to be broadcast in soil to remediate soil.
The invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, multiple microbial bacteria are selected for compounding, and the composite microbial bacteria are subjected to mixed cultivation, screening, expanding cultivation, fermentation and other technical means, so that the composite microbial bacteria can keep excellent activity and reproductive capacity for a long time, and then the fermented composite microbial bacteria are compounded with the woody peat/plant ash, the biomass ash, the sodium humate, the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution and the like to form a microbial agent, wherein the formed microbial agent can play a role in soil remediation, can carry out biotransformation such as redox, complexation and enrichment on heavy metal elements in the soil, and can carry out physical absorption on the heavy metal elements and reduce the content of the heavy metal in the soil; the invention can also wrap heavy metal atoms free in the air and in the soil through the symbiotic action with the plant root system to play a role in blocking, and specifically, the microorganism bacteria in the invention can gradually gather around the plant root system and wrap the plant root system to form a stable symbiotic relation, so that the invention plays a certain role in filtering the nutrient absorption of the plant root system, thereby adsorbing free metal ions to block the plant end, so that the invention can degrade the pesticide, hormone and inorganic nutrient remained in the soil, block the accumulation of pollutants such as pesticide and toxic heavy metal in the air and water source in the soil, and block the absorption of the heavy metal substances by the plant root system; meanwhile, the invention has obvious effects on the problems of soil acidification, hardening, salinization, heavy metal pollution and the like.
2. The sodium humate adopted by the invention is an extremely high-quality organic substance, is easy to be absorbed and utilized by plants, and can be combined with free rare earth elements in the production process of products, so that the sodium humate is fully absorbed by the plants and is not wasted; the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution adopted by the invention is prepared by adopting microbial enzymolysis of kitchen waste to obtain amino acid, thereby being capable of effectively benefiting the kitchen waste, and being environment-friendly and economical; the valve composite microbial flora has high strain content, and beneficial bacteria in soil can be cultured by the flora in the using process.
3. The carbon-based microbial agent is simple to use, can be uniformly stirred after being spread, can also be mixed with a fertilizer for fertilization, does not need to shade sun or adjust temperature, and saves labor and cost
4. The carbon-based microbial agent can be used in three months before fruit harvest in cultivated lands or orchards with soil problems such as heavy metal pollution, can reduce the absorption of fruits on heavy metals in the soil, and can ensure that the obtained fruits pass the national standard of qualification or even reach the green standard in the process of harvesting under the condition of slight pollution.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of compound microorganism bacteria, 200 parts of microorganism bacterium agent culture medium, 400 parts of woody peat, 40 parts of biomass ash, 100 parts of sodium humate and 30 parts of amino acid nutrient solution.
Wherein, the compound microorganism bacterium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 1 part of rhodospirillum calomel, 1 part of rhodospirillum rubrum, 1 part of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 1 part of bacillus megaterium, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1 part of candida tropicalis, 1 part of saccharomycete, 1 part of geotrichum candidum, 1 part of streptomyces jingyangensis, 1 part of azotobacter actinomyces, 1 part of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 1 part of streptococcus thermophilus, 1 part of lactobacillus paracasei and 1 part of lactobacillus casei.
Wherein the microbial agent culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of honey, 150 parts of brown sugar, 45 parts of peptone, 60 parts of yeast extract, 30 parts of vitamin nutrient solution, 30 parts of amino acid nutrient solution and 40 parts of inorganic element nutrient solution, wherein the vitamin nutrient solution contains Vb 1-12; the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine; the inorganic element nutrient solution comprises phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, ferrum, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, manganese, nickel and tungsten.
Wherein the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine.
A method for preparing carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises
S1, expanding bacteria: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum into a compound microbial inoculum culture medium, and performing amplification culture at the temperature of 25 ℃;
s2, screening: selecting the composite microbial bacteria with the fastest quantity increase by using a spectrophotometer, sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the temperature of 28 ℃, 22 ℃ and 15 ℃ for secondary cultivation, then sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the pH values of 6.4, 5.9 and 5.4 for secondary cultivation, and finally placing the composite microbial bacteria in a unified environment for secondary cultivation to obtain the screened composite microbial bacteria agent; adding cadmium element into the culture medium, wherein the addition amount of the cadmium element is one thousandth of the mass of the culture medium; placing the compound microorganism bacteria in the culture medium for continuous culture, and screening out the compound microorganism bacteria with the highest effective cadmium degradation speed for expanded culture;
s3, fermentation: adding RO water into the stirring barrel, adding honey and brown sugar, connecting the stirring barrel, a water pump and a fermentation tank, and circulating; then adding the screened compound microbial inoculum, compound vitamin nutrient solution, peptone and yeast extract, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain fermentation liquor; transferring the fermentation liquid into a fermentation tank, adding water until the distance from the tank opening is 10cm, sealing, and starting fermentation; opening an exhaust valve once every 14 hours and 22 hours after the fermentation broth enters the fermentation tank, exhausting once every 2-4 days, and obtaining a mixed solution of the compound microbial agent and the culture medium after the fermentation is finished;
s4, stirring and uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent and culture medium mixed solution, the woody peat, the biomass ash, the amino acid nutrient solution, the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution, the sodium humate and the oyster shell powder to obtain the carbon-based microbial agent.
Example 2
A carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of compound microorganism bacteria, 220 parts of microorganism bacterium agent culture medium, 420 parts of plant ash, 45 parts of biomass ash, 110 parts of sodium humate, 32 parts of amino acid nutrient solution and 45 parts of rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution.
Wherein, the compound microorganism bacterium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 6 parts of rhodospirillum calomel, 6 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 6 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 6 parts of bacillus megaterium, 4 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 4 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 6 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 5 parts of candida tropicalis, 8 parts of saccharomycetes, 6 parts of geotrichum candidum, 5 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 4 parts of azotobacter actinomyces, 6 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 8 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 6 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 8 parts of lactobacillus casei.
Wherein the microbial agent culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of honey, 160 parts of brown sugar, 55 parts of peptone, 65 parts of yeast extract, 32 parts of vitamin nutrient solution, 32 parts of amino acid nutrient solution and 45 parts of inorganic element nutrient solution, wherein the vitamin nutrient solution contains Vb 1-12; the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine; the inorganic element nutrient solution comprises phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, ferrum, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, manganese, nickel and tungsten.
Wherein the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine.
Wherein the rare earth element is europium, and the mass ratio of the europium to the amino acid is 1: 9000. The preparation method of the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution comprises the following steps: placing ferment bacteria and kitchen waste containing eggs, meat, feather and bones in a sealed reaction tank, adding underground water, controlling the temperature in the reaction tank to be 28 ℃, hermetically fermenting for 10 hours, and adding lactobacillus to continue fermenting; after 10 hours, adding rare earth elements for continuous fermentation; after 4 hours, taking out the mixture and filtering to obtain the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution; wherein the mass ratio of the ferment bacteria, the kitchen garbage, the underground water and the lactic acid bacteria is 1:40:1: 2.
A method for preparing carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises
S1, expanding bacteria: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum into a compound microbial inoculum culture medium, and performing amplification culture at the temperature of 28 ℃;
s2, screening: selecting the composite microbial bacteria with the fastest quantity increase by using a spectrophotometer, sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the temperature of 30 ℃, 24 ℃ and 17 ℃ for secondary cultivation, then sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the pH values of 6.5, 6.0 and 5.5 for secondary cultivation, and finally placing the composite microbial bacteria in a unified environment for secondary cultivation to obtain the screened composite microbial bacteria agent; adding cadmium element into the culture medium, wherein the addition amount of the cadmium element is two thousandth of the mass of the culture medium; placing the compound microorganism bacteria in the culture medium for continuous culture, and screening out the compound microorganism bacteria with the highest effective cadmium degradation speed for expanded culture;
s3, fermentation: adding RO water into the stirring barrel, adding honey and brown sugar, connecting the stirring barrel, a water pump and a fermentation tank, and circulating; then adding the screened compound microbial inoculum, compound vitamin nutrient solution, peptone and yeast extract, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain fermentation liquor; transferring the fermentation liquid into a fermentation tank, adding water until the fermentation liquid is 12m away from the tank opening, sealing, and starting fermentation; opening an exhaust valve once every 14 hours and 22 hours after the fermentation broth enters the fermentation tank, exhausting once every 2-4 days, and obtaining a mixed solution of the compound microbial agent and the culture medium after the fermentation is finished;
s4, stirring and uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent and culture medium mixed solution, plant ash, biomass ash, amino acid nutrient solution, rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution, sodium humate and oyster shell powder to obtain the carbon-based microbial agent.
Example 3
A carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 125 parts of compound microorganism bacteria, 250 parts of microorganism bacterium agent culture medium, 450 parts of woody peat, 50 parts of biomass ash, 125 parts of sodium humate, 35 parts of amino acid nutrient solution and 50 parts of rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution.
Wherein, the compound microorganism bacterium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 10 parts of rhodospirillum calomel, 13 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 8 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 9 parts of bacillus megaterium, 6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 5 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 7 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 11 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 8 parts of candida tropicalis, 13 parts of saccharomycetes, 10 parts of geotrichum candidum, 8 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 5 parts of azotobacter actinomyces, 8 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 10 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 9 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 13 parts of lactobacillus casei.
Wherein the microbial agent culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 125 parts of honey, 175 parts of brown sugar, 60 parts of peptone, 70 parts of yeast extract, 35 parts of vitamin nutrient solution, 35 parts of amino acid nutrient solution and 50 parts of inorganic element nutrient solution, wherein the vitamin nutrient solution contains Vb 1-12; the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine; the inorganic element nutrient solution comprises phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, ferrum, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, manganese, nickel and tungsten.
Wherein the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine.
Wherein the rare earth element is europium, and the mass ratio of the europium to the amino acid is 1: 9500. The preparation method of the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution comprises the following steps: placing ferment bacteria and kitchen waste containing eggs, meat, feather and bones in a sealed reaction tank, adding underground water, controlling the temperature in the reaction tank to be 30 ℃, hermetically fermenting for 12 hours, adding lactobacillus, and continuing to ferment; after 12 hours, adding rare earth elements for continuous fermentation; after 6 hours, taking out the mixture and filtering to obtain the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution; wherein the mass ratio of the ferment bacteria, the kitchen garbage, the underground water and the lactic acid bacteria is 22:50:2: 3.
A method for preparing carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises
S1, expanding bacteria: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum into a compound microbial inoculum culture medium, and performing amplification culture at the temperature of 30 ℃;
s2, screening: selecting the composite microbial bacteria with the fastest quantity increase by using a spectrophotometer, sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the temperature of 31 ℃, 25 ℃ and 18 ℃ for secondary cultivation, then sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the pH values of 6.6, 6.1 and 5.6 for secondary cultivation, and finally placing the composite microbial bacteria in a unified environment for secondary cultivation to obtain the screened composite microbial bacteria agent; adding cadmium element into the culture medium, wherein the addition amount of the cadmium element is two thousandth of the mass of the culture medium; placing the compound microorganism bacteria in the culture medium for continuous culture, and screening out the compound microorganism bacteria with the highest effective cadmium degradation speed for expanded culture;
s3, fermentation: adding RO water into the stirring barrel, adding honey and brown sugar, connecting the stirring barrel, a water pump and a fermentation tank, and circulating; then adding the screened compound microbial inoculum, compound vitamin nutrient solution, peptone and yeast extract, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain fermentation liquor; transferring the fermentation liquid into a fermentation tank, adding water until the distance from the tank opening is 15cm, sealing, and starting fermentation; opening an exhaust valve once every 14 hours and 22 hours after the fermentation broth enters the fermentation tank, exhausting once every 2-4 days, and obtaining a mixed solution of the compound microbial agent and the culture medium after the fermentation is finished;
s4, stirring and uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent and culture medium mixed solution, the woody peat, the biomass ash, the amino acid nutrient solution, the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution, the sodium humate and the oyster shell powder to obtain the carbon-based microbial agent.
Example 4
A carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 140 parts of compound microorganism bacteria, 280 parts of a microorganism bacterium agent culture medium, 480 parts of woody peat, 55 parts of biomass ash, 140 parts of sodium humate, 38 parts of amino acid nutrient solution, 55 parts of rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution and 50 parts of oyster shell powder.
Wherein, the compound microorganism bacterium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 15 parts of rhodospirillum calophyllum, 20 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 10 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 13 parts of bacillus megaterium, 9 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 7 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 9 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 15 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 11 parts of candida tropicalis, 18 parts of saccharomycetes, 13 parts of geotrichum candidum, 11 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 7 parts of azotobacter, 10 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 13 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 13 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 18 parts of lactobacillus casei.
Wherein the microbial agent culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 140 parts of honey, 190 parts of brown sugar, 70 parts of peptone, 75 parts of yeast extract, 38 parts of vitamin nutrient solution, 38 parts of amino acid nutrient solution and 55 parts of inorganic element nutrient solution, wherein the vitamin nutrient solution contains Vb 1-12; the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine; the inorganic element nutrient solution comprises phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, ferrum, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, manganese, nickel and tungsten.
Wherein the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine.
Wherein the rare earth element is europium, and the mass ratio of the europium to the amino acid is 1: 10000. The preparation method of the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution comprises the following steps: placing ferment bacteria and kitchen waste containing eggs, meat, feather and bones in a sealed reaction tank, adding underground water, controlling the temperature in the reaction tank to be 31 ℃, hermetically fermenting for 13 hours, and adding lactobacillus to continue fermenting; after 13 hours, adding rare earth elements for continuous fermentation; after 7 hours, taking out the mixture and filtering to obtain the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution; wherein the mass ratio of the ferment bacteria, the kitchen garbage, the underground water and the lactic acid bacteria is 3:50:2: 3.
A method for preparing carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises
S1, expanding bacteria: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum into a compound microbial inoculum culture medium, and performing amplification culture at the temperature of 32 ℃;
s2, screening: selecting the composite microbial bacteria with the fastest quantity increase by using a spectrophotometer, sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the temperature of 35 ℃, 22 ℃ and 15 ℃ for secondary cultivation, then sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the pH values of 6.4, 6.1 and 5.6 for secondary cultivation, and finally placing the composite microbial bacteria in a unified environment for secondary cultivation to obtain the screened composite microbial bacteria agent; adding cadmium element into the culture medium, wherein the addition amount of the cadmium element is two thousandth of the mass of the culture medium; placing the compound microorganism bacteria in the culture medium for continuous culture, and screening out the compound microorganism bacteria with the highest effective cadmium degradation speed for expanded culture;
s3, fermentation: adding RO water into the stirring barrel, adding honey and brown sugar, connecting the stirring barrel, a water pump and a fermentation tank, and circulating; then adding the screened compound microbial inoculum, compound vitamin nutrient solution, peptone and yeast extract, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain fermentation liquor; transferring the fermentation liquid into a fermentation tank, adding water until the distance from the tank opening is 18cm, sealing, and starting fermentation; opening an exhaust valve once every 14 hours and 22 hours after the fermentation broth enters the fermentation tank, exhausting once every 2-4 days, and obtaining a mixed solution of the compound microbial agent and the culture medium after the fermentation is finished;
s4, stirring and uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent and culture medium mixed solution, the woody peat, the biomass ash, the amino acid nutrient solution, the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution, the sodium humate and the oyster shell powder to obtain the carbon-based microbial agent.
Example 5
A carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts of compound microorganism bacteria, 300 parts of microorganism bacterium agent culture medium, 500 parts of woody peat, 60 parts of biomass ash, 150 parts of sodium humate, 40 parts of amino acid nutrient solution, 60 parts of rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution and 60 parts of oyster shell powder.
Wherein, the compound microorganism bacterium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 20 parts of rhodospirillum calophyllum, 25 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 15 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 18 parts of bacillus megaterium, 12 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 10 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 13 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 20 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 15 parts of candida tropicalis, 25 parts of saccharomycetes, 18 parts of geotrichum candidum, 15 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 10 parts of azotobacter, 15 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 20 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 18 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 25 parts of lactobacillus casei.
Wherein the microbial agent culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts of honey, 200 parts of brown sugar, 80 parts of peptone, 80 parts of yeast extract, 40 parts of vitamin nutrient solution, 40 parts of amino acid nutrient solution and 60 parts of inorganic element nutrient solution, wherein the vitamin nutrient solution contains Vb 1-12; the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine; the inorganic element nutrient solution comprises phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, ferrum, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, manganese, nickel and tungsten.
Wherein the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine.
Wherein the rare earth element is europium, and the mass ratio of the europium to the amino acid is 1: 11000. The preparation method of the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution comprises the following steps: placing ferment bacteria and kitchen waste containing eggs, meat, feather and bones in a sealed reaction tank, adding underground water, controlling the temperature in the reaction tank to be 32 ℃, hermetically fermenting for 14 hours, and adding lactobacillus to continue fermenting; after 14 hours, adding rare earth elements for continuous fermentation; after 8 hours, taking out the mixture and filtering to obtain the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution; wherein the mass ratio of the ferment bacteria, the kitchen garbage, the underground water and the lactic acid bacteria is 3:60:3: 4.
A method for preparing carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation comprises
S1, expanding bacteria: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum into a compound microbial inoculum culture medium, and performing amplification culture at the temperature of 35 ℃;
s2, screening: selecting the composite microbial bacteria with the fastest quantity increase by using a spectrophotometer, sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the temperature of 35 ℃, 28 ℃ and 15 ℃ for secondary cultivation, then sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the pH values of 6.6, 5.9 and 5.5 for secondary cultivation, and finally placing the composite microbial bacteria in a unified environment for secondary cultivation to obtain the screened composite microbial bacteria agent; adding cadmium element into the culture medium, wherein the addition amount of the cadmium element is two thousandth of the mass of the culture medium; placing the compound microorganism bacteria in the culture medium for continuous culture, and screening out the compound microorganism bacteria with the highest effective cadmium degradation speed for expanded culture;
s3, fermentation: adding RO water into the stirring barrel, adding honey and brown sugar, connecting the stirring barrel, a water pump and a fermentation tank, and circulating; then adding the screened compound microbial inoculum, compound vitamin nutrient solution, peptone and yeast extract, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain fermentation liquor; transferring the fermentation liquid into a fermentation tank, adding water until the distance from the tank opening is 20cm, sealing, and starting fermentation; opening an exhaust valve once every 14 hours and 22 hours after the fermentation broth enters the fermentation tank, exhausting once every 2-4 days, and obtaining a mixed solution of the compound microbial agent and the culture medium after the fermentation is finished;
s4, stirring and uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent and culture medium mixed solution, the woody peat, the biomass ash, the amino acid nutrient solution, the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution, the sodium humate and the oyster shell powder to obtain the carbon-based microbial agent.
Comparative example
The plant ash and the biomass ash are not added; the compound microorganism bacteria do not comprise rhodopseudomonas palustris, rhodospirillum calomel, paenibacillus polymyxa, candida tropicalis, geotrichum candidum, streptomyces jingyangensis and lactobacillus paracasei; the rest is the same as example 2.
Effect test:
firstly, peanut test:
(1) time and place of experiment: the method is carried out in 2019 in 3-8 months in Ganlong root family peanut land in Hengxi province, Chongren county, Shizhuangzhou town, Qili village.
(2) Test soil: the red loam, hilly dry land are moderate in fertility, the content of soil nutrients is tested by a conventional method before the test, and the result is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 soil nutrient content before test
(3) The test method comprises the following steps:
dividing peanut field into 16 cells, randomly arranging, wherein each cell has length of 55.58m, width of 1.2m, and area of 66.7m2Protection rows are arranged around the test field; the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation prepared in examples 2 to 4 were used as three test groups, the comparative examples were used as control groups, and the test groups and the control groups were repeated 4 times each.
And 3, 20 days in 2019, 4kg of the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation prepared in the examples 2-4 and 4kg of the comparative examples are respectively and uniformly spread on different cells, the soil is turned over in 25 days in 3 months, then 8kg of organic fertilizer and 4kg of peanut formula fertilizer are spread, base fertilizer is spread, the soil is leveled, and direct seeding is carried out.
Sampling soil and peanuts in a cell by adopting a five-point sampling method in 8 and 16 months in 2019, detecting the pH and the effective cadmium content in the soil and the effective cadmium content in peanut kernels, and obtaining results shown in tables 2-4:
TABLE 2 Effect of different treatments on soil pH
TABLE 3 Effect of different treatments on the effective cadmium content in the soil
TABLE 4 Effect of different treatments on the effective cadmium content in peanut kernels
As can be seen from Table 2, the average pH values of the soil treated with the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in examples 2 to 4 were increased by 0.59, 0.43, and 0.22, respectively, compared with the average pH values of the soil treated with the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in the comparative examples, which indicates that the pH values of the soil can be adjusted and the growth of crops can be promoted by the treatment with the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in examples 2 to 4.
As can be seen from Table 3, the effective cadmium content in the soil treated by the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in examples 2 to 4 is significantly lower than that in the comparative examples, and the effective cadmium content in the soil treated by the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in examples 2 to 4 is respectively reduced by 0.055mg/kg, 0.052mg/kg and 0.031mg/kg, which indicates that the effective cadmium content in the soil can be significantly reduced by the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in examples 2 to 4.
As can be seen from table 4, the effective cadmium content in the peanut kernels treated by the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in the embodiments 2 to 4 meets the national standard GB2762-2017, is significantly lower than that in the comparative examples, and is respectively reduced by 0.020mg/kg, 0.017mg/kg and 0.011mg/kg in the comparative examples, which indicates that the effective cadmium content in the peanut kernels can be significantly reduced by the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in the embodiments 2 to 4.
II, early rice test:
(1) the test rice variety: early indica rice, Zhongzao 39.
(2) Test soil: the soil nutrient content is tested by a conventional method before a test in a contracted field of a river side and a house side and a winter in a Yongan Zhenhua mountain village, a eternal Changshui city, and the result is shown in table 5:
TABLE 5 soil nutrient content before test
(3) The test method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of adopting a field plot experiment method, dividing the test group and a control group into the test group and the control group, repeatedly treating the test group and the control group for 3 times, randomly arranging plots, and applying 100 kg/mu of the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation prepared in the test group application example 5 and conventional fertilizer application (40% of compound fertilizer 35 kg/mu and 8 kg/mu of urea topdressing) to the control group, and applying 100 kg/mu of the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation prepared in the conventional fertilizer application comparative example and conventional fertilizer application (40% of compound fertilizer 35 kg/mu and 8 kg/mu of urea topdressing) to the control group.
(4) Cultivation management measures are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of sowing test rice in 2019 in 19 days in 3 months, finishing the field in 14 days in 4 months, ridging and enveloping in 16-17 days in 4 months, applying base fertilizer and conditioning fertilizer in 18 days in 4 months, transplanting in 20 days in 4 months, applying tiller fertilizer in 20cm after 20 days in 4 months, carrying out soil sampling and rice sampling in the sub-regions in 17 days in 7 months, and detecting the content of effective cadmium in refined rice, the content of effective cadmium in plants and the content of effective cadmium in soil, wherein the results are shown in tables 6-8:
TABLE 6 effective cadmium content of polished rice under different treatments
TABLE 7 effective cadmium content in plants under different treatments
TABLE 8 effective cadmium content in soil under different treatments
As can be seen from Table 6, the effective cadmium content of the polished rice treated by the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation in example 5 is 0.186mg/kg on average, the effective cadmium content of the polished rice of the comparative example is 0.29mg/kg on average, and the reduction ratio is 36%, thereby demonstrating that the effective cadmium content of the polished rice can be significantly reduced by the treatment of the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation in example 5.
As can be seen from Table 7, the effective cadmium content in the plants in the full tillering stage and the mature stage is consistent with the change trend of the cadmium reduction rate, the effective cadmium content of the plants treated by the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation in the full tillering stage is averagely 0.731mg/kg, the comparison ratio is reduced by 0.269mg/kg, and the reduction ratio is 26.9%; in the mature period, the effective cadmium content of the plants treated by the carbon-based microbial inoculum for soil remediation in the embodiment 5 is averagely 0.532mg/kg, the effective cadmium content is reduced by 0.371mg/kg compared with the comparative ratio, the reduction ratio is 41.1 percent, and the effective cadmium content of the plants is obviously reduced; with the progress of the growth and development of rice, the effective cadmium content in the plant shows a gradual reduction trend, the content of the cadmium in the mature period is averagely lower than that in the tillering stage by 0.199mg/kg, and the cadmium reduction rate in the mature period is greater than that in the tillering stage. Therefore, the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation in example 5 has a good cadmium reduction effect, the cadmium reduction effect in the mature period is superior to that in the tillering stage, the cadmium reduction effect of the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation can be maintained to the mature period, cadmium absorption of plants is continuously prevented, and the cadmium content of rice is reduced.
As can be seen from Table 8, the effective cadmium content in the soil in the full tillering stage and the mature stage is consistent with the change trend of the cadmium reduction rate, the effective cadmium content of the soil treated by the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation in the full tillering stage is 0.283mg/kg on average, the comparison ratio is reduced by 0.024mg/kg, and the reduction ratio is 7.8%; the effective cadmium content of the plant treated by the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation in the mature period in the embodiment 5 is 0.344mg/kg on average, the comparative ratio is reduced by 0.039mg/kg, the reduction ratio is 10.2%, the effective cadmium content of the plant is obviously reduced, the cadmium reduction effect in the mature period is more obvious and stable than that in the tillering stage, and the effective cadmium content in the soil in the mature period is higher than that in the tillering stage along with the growth and development of rice. The cadmium reduction effect of the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation can be maintained to the mature stage, and the absorption of plants to cadmium is continuously prevented, so that the cadmium content in rice is reduced. Therefore, the carbon-based microbial inoculum for soil remediation in example 5 has a certain effect on reducing the effective cadmium content in the soil, and can passivate the effective cadmium content in the soil.
And thirdly, testing the Nanfeng mandarin orange:
(1) time and place of experiment: in 2018, 11 months to 2019, 10 months, in the orchard of Mandarin orange, Henan Feng county, Jiangxi province, where white houses, Liyu, and Nanfeng orange are stored.
(2) Test soil: red sand soil, convenient irrigation and drainage and middle-high fertility. The soil nutrient content was assayed by conventional methods before the test, and the results are shown in table 9:
TABLE 9 soil nutrient content before test
(3) And (3) trial article species: nanfeng orange
(4) The test method comprises the following steps:
the orchard is divided into 16 districts which are arranged randomly, 5 fruit trees in each district have an area of 90 square meters, protection rows are arranged on the periphery of the test field, the planting density is 4m by 4.5m, and 37 fruit trees per mu.
The method comprises the following steps of dividing the soil remediation into three test groups and a control group, respectively repeating the treatment for 4 times for the test groups and the control group, and respectively applying 1kg of the carbon-based microbial inoculum prepared in the embodiment 2-4 for soil remediation and 1.5kg of 45% sulfur-based compound fertilizer and 5kg of bio-organic fertilizer to each test group; the control group applies 1kg of the carbon-based microbial inoculum prepared by the comparative example for soil remediation, 1.5kg of 45 percent sulfur-based compound fertilizer and 5kg of bio-organic fertilizer.
(5) Cultivation management measures are as follows:
in 11 months and 1 day in 2018, 1kg of the carbon-based microbial inoculum for soil remediation prepared in the examples 2-4 and the comparative examples is respectively and uniformly spread under crowns of various districts, in 11 months and 16 days, a ditch in the south-north side direction is opened at a position 15cm outside a water dripping line of the crowns, the ditch is 2.4m long and 0.35m deep, in 11 months and 24 days, 0.75kg of 45% sulfur-based compound fertilizer and 5kg of bio-organic fertilizer are spread on each tree inside and outside the ditch, and the soil is buried for 1 time; in 12 months in 2019, a ditch in the east-west direction is opened at the position 15cm outside a water dropping line of a crown, the length of the ditch is 2.4m, the depth of the ditch is 0.3m, and in 15 months in 3 days, 0.75kg of 45 percent sulfur-based compound fertilizer is applied to each tree inside and outside the ditch, and soil is reclaimed.
0.25kg of 48% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per plant is used for 5-month and 10-month days in 2019, 0.3kg of 48% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per plant is used for 15-month and 6-month days, and 0.2kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per plant is used for 20-month and 7-month days. The other management of the test group and the control group is consistent.
And (4) singly collecting and counting the yield of each cell in 28 days of 10 months, collecting soil samples for analysis, detecting the pH value and the effective cadmium content of the soil, and simultaneously collecting fruit samples for detecting the cadmium content. The results are shown in tables 10 to 12:
TABLE 10 Effect of different treatments on soil pH
TABLE 11 Effect of different treatments on the effective cadmium content in the soil
TABLE 12 Effect of different treatments on the effective cadmium content in Nanfeng orange pulp
As can be seen from table 10, the average pH of the soil treated with the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in examples 2 to 4 was increased by 0.57, 0.44, and 0.23, respectively, compared with the average pH of the soil in comparative examples, which indicates that the pH of the soil can be adjusted and the growth of crops can be promoted by the treatment with the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in examples 2 to 4.
As can be seen from table 11, the effective cadmium content in the soil treated by the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in examples 2 to 4 is significantly lower than that in the comparative examples, and the effective cadmium content in the soil treated by the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in examples 2 to 4 is respectively reduced by 0.067mg/kg, 0.056mg/kg and 0.034mg/kg in the comparative examples.
As can be seen from table 12, the content of effective cadmium in the peanut kernels treated by the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in the embodiments 2 to 4 meets the national standard GB2762-2017, is significantly lower than that in the comparative examples, and is respectively reduced by 0.010mg/kg, 0.008mg/kg, and 0.005mg/kg in the comparative examples, which indicates that the content of effective cadmium in the pulp of nanfeng mandarin orange can be significantly reduced by the treatment of the carbon-based microbial agents for soil remediation in the embodiments 2 to 4.
The above are merely characteristic embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. All technical solutions formed by equivalent exchanges or equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of composite microbial bacteria, 200-300 parts of microbial agent culture medium, 500 parts of wood peat/plant ash, 40-60 parts of biomass ash, 150 parts of sodium humate and 30-40 parts of amino acid nutrient solution; wherein, the compound microorganism bacterium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-20 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 1-20 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 1-25 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 1-15 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 1-18 parts of bacillus megaterium, 1-12 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1-10 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 1-13 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-20 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1-15 parts of candida tropicalis, 1-25 parts of saccharomycetes, 1-18 parts of geotrichum candidum, 1-15 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 1-10 parts of actinomyces azotobacter, 1-15 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 1-20 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 1-18 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 1-25 parts of lactobacillus casei.
2. The carbon-based microbial inoculant for soil remediation according to claim 1, wherein the composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-15 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 6-15 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 6-20 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 6-10 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 6-13 parts of bacillus megaterium, 4-9 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 4-7 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 5-9 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 6-15 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 5-11 parts of candida tropicalis, 8-18 parts of saccharomycetes, 6-13 parts of geotrichum candidum, 5-11 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 4-7 parts of actinomyces azotobacter, 6-10 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 8-13 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 6-13 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 8-18 parts of lactobacillus casei.
3. The carbon-based microbial inoculant for soil remediation according to claim 2, wherein the composite microbial inoculant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of rhodopseudomonas palustris, 10 parts of rhodospirillum calomel, 13 parts of rhodospirillum rubrum, 8 parts of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, 9 parts of bacillus megaterium, 6 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 5 parts of paenibacillus polymyxa, 7 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 11 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 8 parts of candida tropicalis, 13 parts of saccharomycetes, 10 parts of geotrichum candidum, 8 parts of streptomyces jingyangensis, 5 parts of azotobacter actinomyces, 8 parts of lactobacillus bulgaricus, 10 parts of streptococcus thermophilus, 9 parts of lactobacillus paracasei and 13 parts of lactobacillus casei.
4. The carbon-based microbial inoculant for soil remediation as claimed in claim 1, further comprising 40-60 parts of a rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution, wherein the rare earth element is europium, and the mass ratio of europium to amino acid is 1: 9000-11000.
5. The carbon-based microbial inoculant for soil remediation according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the rare earth element-amino acid chelate nutrient solution comprises the following steps: placing ferment bacteria and kitchen waste containing eggs, meat, feather and bones in a sealed reaction tank, adding underground water, controlling the temperature in the reaction tank to be 28-32 ℃, hermetically fermenting for 10-14 hours, and adding lactobacillus to continue fermenting; after 10-14 hours, adding rare earth elements for continuous fermentation; after 4-8 hours, taking out the mixture and filtering to obtain the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution; wherein the mass ratio of the ferment bacteria, the kitchen garbage, the underground water and the lactic acid bacteria is 1-3:40-60:1-3: 2-4.
6. The carbon-based microbial inoculant for soil remediation of claim 1, further comprising 40-60 parts of oyster shell powder.
7. The carbon-based microbial inoculant for soil remediation according to claim 1, wherein the microbial inoculant culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of honey, 150-200 parts of brown sugar, 45-80 parts of peptone, 60-80 parts of yeast extract, 30-40 parts of vitamin nutrient solution, 30-40 parts of amino acid nutrient solution and 40-60 parts of inorganic element nutrient solution, wherein the vitamin nutrient solution comprises Vb 1-12; the amino acid nutrient solution comprises serine, lysine, leucine, aspartic acid, threonine, phenylalanine, histidine, valine, isoleucine and arginine; the inorganic element nutrient solution comprises phosphorus, sulfur, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, ferrum, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, manganese, nickel and tungsten.
8. A preparation method of a carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, expanding bacteria: inoculating the compound microbial inoculum into a compound microbial inoculum culture medium, and performing amplification culture at the temperature of 25-35 ℃;
s2, screening: selecting the composite microbial bacteria with the fastest quantity increase by using a spectrophotometer, sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the temperature of 28-35 ℃, 22-28 ℃ and 15-22 ℃ for secondary cultivation, then sequentially placing the composite microbial bacteria in the environment with the pH value of 6.4-6.6, 5.9-6.1 and 5.4-5.6 for secondary cultivation, and finally placing the composite microbial bacteria in a unified environment for secondary cultivation to obtain the screened composite microbial bacteria agent; adding cadmium element into the culture medium, wherein the addition amount of the cadmium element is one thousandth to three thousandth of the mass of the culture medium; placing the compound microorganism bacteria in the culture medium for continuous culture, and screening out the compound microorganism bacteria with the highest effective cadmium degradation speed for expanded culture;
s3, fermentation: adding RO water into the stirring barrel, adding honey and brown sugar, connecting the stirring barrel, a water pump and a fermentation tank, and circulating; then adding the screened compound microbial inoculum, compound vitamin nutrient solution, peptone and yeast extract, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain fermentation liquor; transferring the fermentation liquid into a fermentation tank, adding water until the distance from the tank opening is 10-20cm, sealing, and starting fermentation; opening an exhaust valve once every 14 hours and 22 hours after the fermentation broth enters the fermentation tank, exhausting once every 2-4 days, and obtaining a mixed solution of the compound microbial agent and the culture medium after the fermentation is finished;
s4, stirring and uniformly mixing the compound microbial agent and culture medium mixed solution, the woody peat/plant ash, the biomass ash, the amino acid nutrient solution, the rare earth element amino acid chelate nutrient solution, the sodium humate and the oyster shell powder to obtain the carbon-based microbial agent.
9. Use of the carbon-based microbial agent for soil remediation according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in soil remediation.
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