CN108636356A - A kind of cornstalk biological charcoal and restorative procedure that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source - Google Patents
A kind of cornstalk biological charcoal and restorative procedure that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source Download PDFInfo
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- CN108636356A CN108636356A CN201810569396.XA CN201810569396A CN108636356A CN 108636356 A CN108636356 A CN 108636356A CN 201810569396 A CN201810569396 A CN 201810569396A CN 108636356 A CN108636356 A CN 108636356A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
Abstract
The invention belongs to pollution of area source recovery technique fields, and in particular to a kind of cornstalk biological charcoal and restorative procedure that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, the cornstalk biological charcoal are made of the raw material components of following parts by weight：50~200 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.1~0.5 part of microbial bacterial agent；The restorative procedure includes preparing cornstalk biological charcoal, using cornstalk biological charcoal, long-term cropping.The present invention is using calcium chloride solution to being pre-processed to maize straw, increase its absorption property, the nitrogen and P elements being adsorbed on stalk are focused under the action of microbial bacterial agent and Soil Microorganism and are decomposed, to achieve the purpose that efficiently to repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source.The restorative procedure of the present invention is retained agricultural land soil piecemeal around excrement accumulation area and excrement accumulation area using cornstalk biological charcoal, reduces the migration velocity of nitrogen and P elements in the soil, pollution problem is solved from soil source.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pollution of area source recovery technique fields, and in particular to a kind of corn stalk that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source
Stalk charcoal and restorative procedure.
Background technology
Nitrogen phosphorus is important biological element, is the irreplaceable ingredient of life-support system, and promotes Sustainable Agricultural hair
The basic element of exhibition.But it also has a dual character, brutish excrement in excessive nitrogenous-phosphatic manure input or farm in soil
It accumulates for a long time, not only causes the loss and waste of nitrogen P elements, but also soil and groundwater can be caused to pollute, or even cause river
With the eutrophication of lake water quality, the normal growing conditions of aquatile are destroyed, cause fish dead, while will also be seriously endangered
Human health.
After points of contamination generates, since generating point, as water flow path can migrate to different regions, forming face source is dirty
Dye.For the transition process of pollution of area source, the control measures mainly taken both at home and abroad have：(1) source controls, i.e., rationally control is fertile
Expect amount of application, avoids excessively applying fertilizer；(2) pollutant retains, i.e., by the way that ecological canal is arranged, prepares the measures such as buffer strip, controls
And contaminant transportation approach is blocked, reduce contaminated area；(3) endogenous improvement, once pollution is migrated to water bodys such as river, lakes
In, even if using the measures such as bed mud are removed, reduce the risk that body eutrophication generates.Such as Chinese patent CN101555071A
A kind of method controlling agricultural non-point source pollution of tidal river network area of plain using buffer strip is disclosed, which proposes selection farmland
Riverbank between river is buffer strip, plants different plants according to runoff flow direction, formation prepares buffer strip, using plant to runoff
The retention of middle nutriment, absorption function obtain preferable clean-up effect.For another example Chinese patent CN102839632B discloses one
The method that the ecological revetment of pollution of area source kind is removed based on biological reinforced retention, the patent is by river Traditional Ecological reparation and face source
Contamination control is combined, and with biological reinforcing technology, realizes the removal to hardly degraded organic substance in pollution of area source.
However, these prior arts are all based on farmland and river, the joint in lake is handled, it is directed to fowl at present
Nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source still lacks effective control method caused by animal wastes in beast farm.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cornstalk biological charcoal and restorative procedure that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, from
Soil itself, which sets out, effectively controls the diffusion of pollution sources, and the animal wastes nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source source solved in brutish farm is asked
Topic.
The present invention provides a kind of cornstalk biological charcoals that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, by the raw material of following parts by weight
Component is made：50~200 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.1~0.5 part of microbial bacterial agent；The microbial bacterial agent be yeast bacteria powder,
The mixture of phosphorus decomposing function bacteria powder or the two；
The maize straw charcoal is manufactured in accordance with the following methods：Corn stalk powder is broken into broken section of stalk, quality is added
36~48h is impregnated in the calcium chloride solution of score 5%, and broken section of stalk is dried after filtering, is then carbonized, obtains maize straw
Charcoal；
The phosphorus decomposing function bacterium is the bacillus with degradation phosphorus function.
Preferably, the above-mentioned cornstalk biological charcoal that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, the charing are carried out using tube furnace
Charing, when charing, are passed through nitrogen and carry out atmosphere protection, and the rate of heat addition is 25 DEG C/min, maintains 1h after reaching 650 DEG C, is cooled to room
Temperature.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source using above-mentioned cornstalk biological charcoal, including with
Lower step：
S1 weighs each raw material component by following parts by weight：50~200 parts of maize straw charcoal, microbial bacterial agent 0.1~0.5
Part；The each component weighed is mixed, cornstalk biological charcoal is obtained；
S2, using cornstalk biological charcoal
S21 selects a panel region as excrement accumulation area, the agriculture around excrement accumulation area and farm in farm
Tanaka's ditching canal, irrigation canals and ditches are interior to fill cornstalk biological charcoal；
S22 is uniformly sprinkled into maize straw in farmland around excrement accumulation area and farm in the region of non-ditching canal
Charcoal is turned over, ploughed depth >=20cm；In S22, the dosage of cornstalk biological charcoal changes in the following way：4 years are one
A cycle；The 1st annual consumption in each cycle 20~40kg per acre per annual consumption was the 1/2 of a upper annual consumption in the 2nd~4 year；
S3 accumulates excrement, and the long-term cropping in farmland around farm in excrement accumulation area, and it is dirty to carry out nitrogen phosphorus face source
The reparation of dye.
Preferably, the width of the method for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source using above-mentioned cornstalk biological charcoal, the irrigation canals and ditches is 5
~10cm, depth are 100~200cm.
Preferably, the irrigation canals and ditches extend along the direction vertical with groundwater flow direction, and all irrigation canals and ditches are along underground water diameter
Stream direction is alternatively arranged setting, and spacing distance is 5~50m.
Compared with prior art, it a kind of cornstalk biological charcoal that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source provided by the invention and repaiies
Compound method, has the advantages that：
The problem of for nitrogen and phosphorus pollution caused by brutish excrement and farm's periphery farmland pollution, the present invention provides energy
The cornstalk biological charcoal for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, uses new maize straw charcoal preparation method and charcoal formula, profit
With calcium chloride solution to being pre-processed to maize straw, increase its absorption property, the nitrogen and phosphorus being adsorbed on stalk
Element is focused under the action of microbial bacterial agent and Soil Microorganism and is decomposed, and nitrogen phosphorus face is efficiently repaired to reach
The purpose of source pollution.
Based on same inventive concept, the present invention additionally uses new restorative procedure, excrement accumulation area is selected first, by excrement
Just accumulation is concentrated, spread risk is reduced；Then use cornstalk biological charcoal prepared by the present invention by excrement accumulation area and excrement
Just agricultural land soil piecemeal retains around accumulation area, reduces the migration velocity of nitrogen and P elements in the soil, reduces pollution sources
Diffusion velocity, solve pollution problem from soil source.Specific experimental study proves, using the restorative procedure of the present invention,
Nitrogen and phosphorus element content near experiment farmland in pond water can be made to be effectively controlled in a certain range.Adsorption experiment number
According to display, to the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus up to 97% or more in 6h, significant effect.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is not restricted by specific implementation.The test method of actual conditions is not specified in the following example, usually according to normal condition
Operation, the experiment material source being not specified is commercially available, due to not being related to inventive point, therefore its step is not described in detail.
In following Examples 1 to 3 and experiment, the yeast bacteria powder is institute of gold beneficial bacteria bio tech ltd of Jining City
There is yeast bacterium powder；The phosphorus decomposing function bacterium is the bacillus megaterium powder with phosphorus decomposing function, is purchased from the green Gansu Province biotechnology in Shandong
Co., Ltd.
The present invention provides a kind of cornstalk biological charcoals that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, by the raw material of following parts by weight
Component is made：50~200 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.1~0.5 part of microbial bacterial agent；The microbial bacterial agent be yeast bacteria powder,
The mixture of phosphorus decomposing function bacteria powder or the two；
The maize straw charcoal is manufactured in accordance with the following methods：Corn stalk powder is broken into broken section of stalk, quality is added
36~48h is impregnated in the calcium chloride solution of score 5%, and broken section of stalk is dried after filtering, is then carbonized, obtains maize straw
Charcoal；
The phosphorus decomposing function bacterium is the bacillus with degradation phosphorus function.
Based on same inventive concept, nitrogen phosphorus face is repaired using the cornstalk biological charcoal the present invention also provides a kind of
The method of source pollution, includes the following steps：
S1 weighs each raw material component by following parts by weight：50~200 parts of maize straw charcoal, microbial bacterial agent 0.1~0.5
Part；The each component weighed is mixed, cornstalk biological charcoal is obtained；
S2, using cornstalk biological charcoal
S21 selects a panel region as excrement accumulation area, the agriculture around excrement accumulation area and farm in farm
Tanaka's ditching canal, irrigation canals and ditches are interior to fill cornstalk biological charcoal；
S22 is uniformly sprinkled into maize straw in farmland around excrement accumulation area and farm in the region of non-ditching canal
Charcoal is turned over, ploughed depth >=20cm；In S22, the dosage of cornstalk biological charcoal changes in the following way：4 years are one
A cycle；The 1st annual consumption in each cycle 20~40kg per acre per annual consumption was the 1/2 of a upper annual consumption in the 2nd~4 year；
S3 accumulates excrement, and the long-term cropping in farmland around farm in excrement accumulation area, and it is dirty to carry out nitrogen phosphorus face source
The reparation of dye.
Specifically include following embodiment.The chosen position that polluted agricultural land is tested in following embodiments be brutish farm and its
Periphery farmland.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cornstalk biological charcoal that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, is made of the raw material components of following parts by weight：It is beautiful
50 parts of straw charcoal of rice, 0.1 part of microbial bacterial agent；The microbial bacterial agent is yeast bacteria powder；The maize straw charcoal be according to
Made of following methods：Corn stalk powder is broken into broken section of the stalk of 1~2cm, is added in the calcium chloride solution of mass fraction 5%
36h is impregnated, 105 DEG C of broken section of (moisture≤10%) stalks of drying, are then carbonized, obtain maize straw charcoal after filtering.
The charing is carbonized using tube furnace, and when charing is passed through nitrogen and carries out atmosphere protection, and the rate of heat addition is 25 DEG C/min, is reached
1h is maintained after 650 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature.
The method for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source using cornstalk biological charcoal described in embodiment 1, includes the following steps：
S1 weighs each raw material component by following parts by weight：50 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.1 part of microbial bacterial agent；By what is weighed
Each component mixes, and obtains cornstalk biological charcoal；
S2, using cornstalk biological charcoal
S21 selects a piece of 40 square metres of region as excrement accumulation area in farm, in excrement accumulation area and supports
Grow around field ditching canal in farmland, the width of the irrigation canals and ditches is 5cm, depth 100cm, and cornstalk biological is filled in irrigation canals and ditches
Charcoal, filling are extremely flushed with agricultural land soil；
S22 is uniformly sprinkled into maize straw in farmland around excrement accumulation area and farm in the region of non-ditching canal
Charcoal is turned over, ploughed depth 20cm；In S22, the dosage of cornstalk biological charcoal changes in the following way：4 years are one
Cycle；The 1st annual consumption in each cycle 20kg per acre, in the 2nd year per annual consumption 10kg per acre, it is every per annual consumption in the 3rd year
Mu 5kg, per annual consumption 2.5kg per acre in the 4th year；
S3 accumulates excrement, and the long-term cropping wheat in farmland around farm in excrement accumulation area, is built into ecology
Field is repaired, the reparation of nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source is carried out.
After the method for embodiment 1 is sprinkled into cornstalk biological charcoal 1 year, in 100cm depth layer soil N content by
350.01mg/kg is reduced to 125.56mg/kg, P content to be reduced to 103.74mg/kg by 223.50mg/kg.100 meters of farm
N, P content do not increase in outer farmland.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cornstalk biological charcoal that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, is made of the raw material components of following parts by weight：It is beautiful
200 parts of straw charcoal of rice, 0.5 part of microbial bacterial agent；The microbial bacterial agent is the bacillus megaterium powder with phosphorus decomposing function；Institute
It is manufactured in accordance with the following methods to state maize straw charcoal：Corn stalk powder is broken into broken section of the stalk of 1~2cm, quality point is added
36h is impregnated in the calcium chloride solution of number 5%, 105 DEG C of broken section of (moisture≤10%) stalks of drying, then carry out charcoal after filtering
Change, obtains maize straw charcoal.The charing is carbonized using tube furnace, and when charing is passed through nitrogen and carries out atmosphere protection, heating
Rate is 25 DEG C/min, maintains 1h after reaching 650 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature.
The method for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source using cornstalk biological charcoal described in embodiment 2, includes the following steps：
S1 weighs each raw material component by following parts by weight：200 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.5 part of microbial bacterial agent；It will weigh
Each component mixing, obtain cornstalk biological charcoal；
S2, using cornstalk biological charcoal
S21 selects a piece of 30 square metres of region as excrement accumulation area in farm, in excrement accumulation area and supports
Grow around field ditching canal in farmland, the width of the irrigation canals and ditches is 10cm, depth 200cm, and cornstalk biological is filled in irrigation canals and ditches
Charcoal, filling are extremely flushed with agricultural land soil；
S22 is uniformly sprinkled into maize straw in farmland around excrement accumulation area and farm in the region of non-ditching canal
Charcoal is turned over, ploughed depth 25cm；In S22, the dosage of cornstalk biological charcoal changes in the following way：4 years are one
Cycle；The 1st annual consumption in each cycle 40kg per acre, in the 2nd year per annual consumption 20kg per acre, it is every per annual consumption in the 3rd year
Mu 10kg, per annual consumption 5kg per acre in the 4th year；
S3 accumulates excrement, and the long-term cropping wheat in farmland around farm in excrement accumulation area, is built into ecology
Field is repaired, the reparation of nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source is carried out.
After the method for embodiment 2 is sprinkled into cornstalk biological charcoal 1 year, in 100cm depth layer soil N content by
425.69mg/kg is reduced to 220.12mg/kg, P content to be reduced to 140.75mg/kg by 255.30mg/kg.100 meters of farm
N, P content do not increase in outer farmland.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cornstalk biological charcoal that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, is made of the raw material components of following parts by weight：It is beautiful
100 parts of straw charcoal of rice, 0.2 part of microbial bacterial agent；The microbial bacterial agent is yeast bacterium powder and the huge bud with phosphorus decomposing function
Spore bacillus powder is according to 1:The 1 mixed mixture of mass ratio；The maize straw charcoal is manufactured in accordance with the following methods：It will
Corn stalk powder is broken into broken section of the stalk of 1~2cm, is added in the calcium chloride solution of mass fraction 5% and impregnates 48h, 105 after filtering
DEG C drying broken section of (moisture≤10%) stalk, then carbonized, obtain maize straw charcoal.The charing uses tube furnace
It is carbonized, when charing is passed through nitrogen and carries out atmosphere protection, and the rate of heat addition is 25 DEG C/min, and 1h is maintained after reaching 650 DEG C, cooling
To room temperature.
The method for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source using cornstalk biological charcoal described in embodiment 2, includes the following steps：
S1 weighs each raw material component by following parts by weight：100 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.2 part of microbial bacterial agent；It will weigh
Each component mixing, cornstalk biological charcoal；
S2, using cornstalk biological charcoal
S21 selects a piece of 20 square metres of region as excrement accumulation area in farm, in excrement accumulation area and supports
Grow around field ditching canal in farmland, the width of the irrigation canals and ditches is 10cm, depth 150cm, and cornstalk biological is filled in irrigation canals and ditches
Charcoal, filling are extremely flushed with agricultural land soil；
S22 is uniformly sprinkled into maize straw in farmland around excrement accumulation area and farm in the region of non-ditching canal
Charcoal is turned over, ploughed depth 25cm；In S22, the dosage of cornstalk biological charcoal changes in the following way：4 years are one
Cycle；The 1st annual consumption in each cycle 30kg per acre, in the 2nd year per annual consumption 15kg per acre, it is every per annual consumption in the 3rd year
Mu 7.5kg, per annual consumption 3.75kg per acre in the 4th year；
S3 accumulates excrement, and the long-term cropping wheat in farmland around farm in excrement accumulation area, is built into ecology
Field is repaired, the reparation of nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source is carried out.
After the method for embodiment 3 is sprinkled into cornstalk biological charcoal 1 year, in 100cm depth layer soil N content by
389.32mg/kg is reduced to 120.78mg/kg, P content to be reduced to 110.65mg/kg by 251.40mg/kg.100 meters of farm
N, P content do not increase in outer farmland.
Comparative example 1
S21 steps are dispensed when using cornstalk biological charcoal, remaining operation is the same as embodiment 1.
After the method for embodiment 1 is sprinkled into cornstalk biological charcoal 1 year, in 100cm depth layer soil N content by
354.86mg/kg is reduced to 218.35mg/kg, P content to be reduced to 146.21mg/kg by 224.50mg/kg.100 meters of farm
Content increases 2.1% and 2.3% respectively by N, P in outer farmland.
In order to prove that cornstalk biological charcoal of the present invention goes to denitrogenate the effect of phosphorus, We conducted following experiments.
One, the setting of different experiments group：
Experimental group 1：A kind of cornstalk biological charcoal that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, by the raw material components of following parts by weight
It is made：50 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.1 part of microbial bacterial agent；The microbial bacterial agent is yeast bacteria powder；Ratio claims by weight
Each component is taken, mixes, cornstalk biological charcoal is made.The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for maize straw charcoal.
Experimental group 2：A kind of cornstalk biological charcoal that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, by the raw material components of following parts by weight
It is made：50 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.1 part of microbial bacterial agent；The microbial bacterial agent is the huge gemma bar with phosphorus decomposing function
Bacterium powder；Ratio weighs each component by weight, and cornstalk biological charcoal is made in mixing.The preparation method of maize straw charcoal is the same as real
Apply example 1.
Experimental group 3：A kind of cornstalk biological charcoal that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, by the raw material components of following parts by weight
It is made：50 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.1 part of microbial bacterial agent；The microbial bacterial agent is for yeast bacterium powder and with phosphorus decomposing function
Bacillus megaterium powder is according to 1:The 1 mixed mixture of mass ratio；Ratio weighs each component by weight, mixes, system
At cornstalk biological charcoal.The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for maize straw charcoal.
Experimental group 4：The preparation method of maize straw charcoal is as follows：Corn stalk powder is broken into broken section of stalk, 105 DEG C of drying straw
Broken section of stalk, is then carbonized, and maize straw charcoal is obtained；The charing is carbonized using tube furnace, and when charing is passed through nitrogen
Atmosphere protection is carried out, the rate of heat addition is 25 DEG C/min, maintains 1h after reaching 650 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature；Without using microbial bacteria
Agent；Remaining operation is the same as experimental group 1.
Experimental group 5：The soaking time of calcium chloride solution is changed to 60h, remaining operation is the same as experimental group 1.
Experimental group 6：Without using microbial bacterial agent, remaining operation is the same as experimental group 1.
Two, adsorption experiment
(1) phosphorus adsorption experiment operates：This experiment carries out at ambient temperature, and the charcoal of 4g is added to the phosphorus of 12mg/L
In acid dihydride potassium solution, 48h is adsorbed, P content is remained in solution when measuring 30min, 6h, 12h respectively, calculates P removal rates=(original
Beginning P content-residual P content) × 100%/original P content.
(2) N2 adsorption experimental implementation：This experiment carries out at ambient temperature, and the charcoal of 4g is added to the chlorine of 12mg/L
Change in ammonium salt solution, adsorb 48h, remains N content in solution when measuring 30min, 6h, 12h respectively, calculate N removal rates=(original N
Content-residual N content) × 100%/original N content.
(3) compound ion adsorption experiment operates：This experiment carries out at ambient temperature, and the charcoal of 4g is added to 1L's
In compound ion solution, the ammonium chloride of 6mg, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 6mg are added in 1L compound ion solution；48h is adsorbed, is surveyed respectively
Determine to remain N, P amount when 30min, 6h, 12h in solution, calculates separately N, P removal rate.
Above-mentioned experimental group respectively do three it is parallel, take its average value, experimental result is as shown in table 1, by the data of table 1 it is found that
Either single phosphorus or N2 adsorption experiment or compound ion adsorption experiment, experimental group 1~3 P removal rates and N removals in 12h
Rate is preferable, illustrates that the corn charcoal of Examples 1 to 3 all has good adsorption of nitrogen, phosphorus effect, removal rate is reachable after 12h
95% or more, it can be used for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source.Experimental group 4 is inhaled because using the stalk without chlorination Calcium treatment
Attached effect is poor, and removal rate is less than 5%.Experimental group 5 extends the soaking time of calcium chloride solution, but removal effect compares experimental group
1~3 is poor, illustrates that not the longer the better for soaking time.The removal effect of experimental group 6 is also poorer than experimental group 1~3, microbial bacterial agent
Have effects that the degradation of nitrogen and phosphorus certain.
It is found through adsorbance experimental study, maize straw charcoal prepared by Examples 1 to 3 (i.e. experimental group 1~3) is to PO3-'s
Maximal absorptive capacity is up to 48.1mg/g；To NH4+Maximal absorptive capacity up to 45.2mg/g.
N, P removal rate data of 1 different experiments group of table
It should be noted that in order to improve the efficiency for repairing pollution, the irrigation canals and ditches are along vertical with groundwater flow direction
Direction extends, and all irrigation canals and ditches are arranged along groundwater flow direction interval, and spacing distance is 5~50m.Because of maize straw at this time
Charcoal is vertical with groundwater flow direction, and the lateral transfer of nitrogen and P elements can be effectively stopped in certain depth.When
After filling cornstalk biological charcoal reaches adsorption equilibrium in irrigation canals and ditches, is dug out and refill new cornstalk biological charcoal；And
The cornstalk biological charcoal dug out, in the area that soil nitrogen phosphorus lacks, is applied as organic fertilizer application as slow release fertilizer；Also may be used
The cornstalk biological charcoal dug out is fully cleaned with water, is dried, so that straw biological charcoal is reactivated, be then reused for repairing
Nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source.
It should be noted that heretofore described phosphorus decomposing function bacterium is the bacillus with degradation phosphorus function；Described
As long as the bacterial strain of saccharomycete and phosphorus decomposing function bacterium no pathogenicity, such as saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria strain, or there is phosphorus decomposing work(
The bacillus amyloliquefaciens of energy, it is identical due to the use of method, therefore only illustrated by taking above-described embodiment as an example.
It should be noted that involved in the present invention when numberical range, it is thus understood that two endpoints of each numberical range with
And any one numerical value can be selected between two endpoints, since the step method of use is identical as embodiment, go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married in order to prevent
It states, the present invention describes preferred embodiment., but technology people in the art although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described
Member is once know basic creative concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So appended right
It is required that being intended to be construed to include preferred embodiment and fall into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
God and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of cornstalk biological charcoal that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, which is characterized in that by the raw material group of following parts by weight
Divide and is made：50~200 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.1~0.5 part of microbial bacterial agent；The microbial bacterial agent is yeast bacteria powder, solution
The mixture of phosphorus function bacteria powder or the two；
The maize straw charcoal is manufactured in accordance with the following methods：Corn stalk powder is broken into broken section of stalk, mass fraction is added
36~48h is impregnated in 5% calcium chloride solution, and broken section of stalk is dried after filtering, is then carbonized, obtains maize straw charcoal；
The phosphorus decomposing function bacterium is the bacillus with degradation phosphorus function.
2. the cornstalk biological charcoal according to claim 1 that nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source can be repaired, which is characterized in that the charcoal
Change is carbonized using tube furnace, and when charing is passed through nitrogen and carries out atmosphere protection, and the rate of heat addition is 25 DEG C/min, reaches 650 DEG C
After maintain 1h, be cooled to room temperature.
3. a kind of method for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source using cornstalk biological charcoal described in claim 1, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps：
S1 weighs each raw material component by following parts by weight：50~200 parts of maize straw charcoal, 0.1~0.5 part of microbial bacterial agent；It will
The each component mixing weighed, obtains cornstalk biological charcoal；
S2, using cornstalk biological charcoal
S21 selects a panel region as excrement accumulation area, in farmland around excrement accumulation area and farm in farm
Ditching canal, irrigation canals and ditches are interior to fill cornstalk biological charcoal；
S22 is uniformly sprinkled into cornstalk biological in farmland around excrement accumulation area and farm in the region of non-ditching canal
Charcoal is turned over, ploughed depth >=20cm；In S22, the dosage of cornstalk biological charcoal changes in the following way：It is followed for one within 4 years
Ring；The 1st annual consumption in each cycle 20~40kg per acre per annual consumption was the 1/2 of a upper annual consumption in the 2nd~4 year；
S3 accumulates excrement, and the long-term cropping in farmland around farm in excrement accumulation area, carries out nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source
It repairs.
4. the method according to claim 3 for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, which is characterized in that the width of the irrigation canals and ditches is 5
~10cm, depth are 100~200cm.
5. the method according to claim 3 for repairing nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, which is characterized in that the irrigation canals and ditches edge and underground water
The vertical direction in runoff direction extends, and all irrigation canals and ditches are alternatively arranged setting along groundwater flow direction, spacing distance for 5~
50m。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810569396.XA CN108636356A (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2018-06-05 | A kind of cornstalk biological charcoal and restorative procedure that can repair nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source |
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| CN109315103A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-12 | 曲靖促创科技有限公司 | A kind of preventing control method of farmland nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source |
| CN111206027A (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-05-29 | 湖南创清环境技术有限公司 | Magnetic biochar suitable for loading bacillus and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181012 |