CN111548230A - Ligusticum wallichii cadmium-reducing special fertilizer and application method thereof - Google Patents
Ligusticum wallichii cadmium-reducing special fertilizer and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111548230A CN111548230A CN202010396421.6A CN202010396421A CN111548230A CN 111548230 A CN111548230 A CN 111548230A CN 202010396421 A CN202010396421 A CN 202010396421A CN 111548230 A CN111548230 A CN 111548230A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to a special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii and an application method thereof, wherein the special fertilizer comprises a soil conditioner and a microbial agent, and the soil conditioner comprises a Womeike soil conditioner; the components of the microbial agent comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus laterosporus, paenibacillus polymyxa and trichoderma harzianum. The application method comprises the following steps: the special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of the ligusticum wallichii is applied as a base fertilizer, and is spread one week before the ligusticum wallichii is planted and covered with soil; the special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of the ligusticum wallichii is used for reducing the absorption of heavy metals by ligusticum wallichii medicinal materials. The method solves the problems that the soil of the existing Ligusticum wallichii genuine producing area is polluted by heavy metal, the cadmium content in the rhizome of Ligusticum wallichii seriously exceeds the standard due to the strong enrichment effect of Ligusticum wallichii on cadmium in the cultivation soil, and the application safety and market demand of Ligusticum wallichii are greatly influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a special fertilizer for reducing cadmium in ligusticum wallichii and an application method thereof.
Background
Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong is dry rhizome of Umbelliferae plant rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, has pungent and warm nature, and enters liver and gallbladder meridian. Promote blood circulation and move qi, dispel wind and alleviate pain. Can be used for treating headache, rheumatalgia, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and traumatic injury with swelling and pain. The rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong contains effective components such as ligustrazine and ferulic acid, 1493 Chinese medicinal preparations are recorded in 2015 of Chinese pharmacopoeia, wherein 239 preparations containing rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong account for 16.01%; 3798 Chinese medicinal preparations are collected from the drug standard Chinese medicinal preparation of ministry of health, wherein 487 preparations containing the ligusticum wallichii account for 12.82%, 8 and 16 days in 2019, and published by the commission of national pharmacopoeia about 0212 public draft of verification rules of medicinal materials and decoction pieces, the limits of heavy metals and harmful elements (lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and copper) are required to be checked for plant medicinal materials, and modern pharmacological studies show that the ligusticum wallichii has better curative effect on relieving angina pectoris of coronary heart disease, and has the effects of resisting thrombus, tumor, radiation and sedation, easing pain, improving immune system and the like. Chuan Xiong has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as Chuan Xiong Jing injection. In addition, the ligusticum wallichii has the health care effects of protecting liver, reducing blood fat and the like, and the health care products such as ligusticum wallichii tea, ligusticum wallichii wine, ligusticum wallichii sugar and the like have good markets. Meanwhile, the ligusticum wallichii has remarkable effects of whitening and preventing alopecia, can be developed into daily chemical products, and assigns the industrial value of the ligusticum wallichii.
The ligusticum wallichii is one of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials in the great district of Sichuan, is mainly produced in the places such as Dujiang weir, Pengzhou, Meishan mountain and the like, has the characteristics of outstanding regional characteristics and concentrated land characteristics, has the annual planting area of more than 8 ten thousand mu, the annual output of 8000-12000 tons, accounts for more than 90 percent of the total output of the whole country, has the annual output value of 2 hundred million yuan, and has the first output and the second output in all the medicinal materials in the district of Sichuan. With the gradual expansion of cultivation and planting area, the ligusticum wallichii is a main economic crop and income source for farmers in production areas. The market demand of the ligusticum wallichii is large, and 20-30 percent of the ligusticum wallichii is used in the traditional Chinese medicine prescription. With the popularization and implementation of the policy of 'healthy China', the health care consciousness of people is enhanced, the demand of the ligusticum wallichii is increased day by day, the ligusticum wallichii is one of the bulk medicinal materials exported in China, and the export amount of the ligusticum wallichii reaches 2747 ten thousand dollars in 2016. However, the export market is seriously atrophied due to the influence of the problems of excessive heavy metals and the like, and with the implementation and popularization of the project, a large amount of high-quality green ligusticum wallichii traditional Chinese medicinal materials produced reach the 'import and export green industry standards of medicinal plants and preparations', the development of the foreign market of the ligusticum wallichii traditional Chinese medicinal materials is promoted, and the export foreign exchange is realized.
The problem of the quality of the produced rhizoma ligustici wallichii is often caused by the pollution of the soil in the production area. In 2017, the export of the ligusticum wallichii is returned for 2 times due to quality problems, and the image of the traditional Chinese medicine in China is seriously influenced. According to the report, the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) content in the rhizomes of the ligusticum wallichii medicinal materials in the 4 main production areas of Sichuan exceeds the standard. At present, researches on the problem of excessive heavy metal cadmium in the ligusticum wallichii mainly focus on the aspects of determination and scheme of cadmium content in the ligusticum wallichii medicinal materials, absorption and enrichment rules of the ligusticum wallichii heavy metal cadmium, influence of the heavy metal cadmium on yield and quality of the ligusticum wallichii and the like, few researches on technologies for reducing the content of the ligusticum wallichii heavy metal cadmium are carried out, only quicklime or potassium dihydrogen phosphate-sodium hydroxide buffer solution is used for improving soil PH, reducing Cd effectiveness and inhibiting the absorption of the ligusticum wallichii to Cd are used, the technical solution way is single, the effect is not obvious, and the method does not conform to green agricultural development. Therefore, the problem of absorption of heavy metal cadmium by the ligusticum wallichii plants is urgently solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems mentioned in the background technology, the invention provides a special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii and an application method thereof, and solves the problems that the existing soil of the genuine local production area of ligusticum wallichii is polluted by heavy metal, the cadmium content in the rhizomes of ligusticum wallichii seriously exceeds the standard due to the strong enrichment effect of the ligusticum wallichii on the cadmium in the cultivation soil, and the application safety and the market demand of the ligusticum wallichii are greatly influenced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii, provided by the invention, comprises a soil conditioner and a microbial agent, wherein the soil conditioner comprises a Womeike soil conditioner; the components of the microbial agent comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus laterosporus, paenibacillus polymyxa and trichoderma harzianum.
Furthermore, the dosage ratio of the soil conditioner to the microbial agent is 500: 4.
Further, the volume fraction of water in the soil conditioner is 23% -27%.
Further, the soil conditioner is prepared by fermenting kitchen residues serving as raw materials.
Furthermore, the organic matter content in the fermentation product is more than or equal to 75.0 percent.
Further, the fermentation method of the soil conditioner specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment and screening: screening the collected untreated kitchen waste to remove inorganic substances;
(2) culturing: carrying out enlarged culture on the microbial agent to obtain a culture;
(3) blending: uniformly mixing the microbial agent culture product with the screened kitchen waste and water, and adjusting the water content to 50-60%;
(4) fermentation: fermenting at 60-80 deg.C for 8-10 hr.
Further, the using amount ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus laterosporus, paenibacillus polymyxa and trichoderma harzianum in the microbial agent is as follows: 1: 2: 1.
The invention also provides an application method of the special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii, wherein the special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii is applied as a base fertilizer, and is spread and covered with soil one week before the ligusticum wallichii is planted.
The invention also provides an application method of the special fertilizer for reducing the cadmium of the ligusticum wallichii, and the special fertilizer for reducing the cadmium of the ligusticum wallichii is used for reducing the absorption of heavy metals by ligusticum wallichii medicinal materials.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows: firstly, screening 5 microbial agents of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megatherium, bacillus laterosporus, paenibacillus polymyxa and trichoderma harzianum, wherein the viable count per gram is required to be not less than 50 hundred million/gram, the screened microbial agents are matched and mixed uniformly according to the proportion that the using amount ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megatherium, the bacillus laterosporus, the paenibacillus polymyxa and the trichoderma harzianum is 1: 2: 1 before application, 4 kilograms of the microbial agents are applied to each mu, 500 kilograms of the womeike soil conditioner is applied, wherein the water content in the soil conditioner is about 25 percent, the womeike soil conditioner can form a cluster by hand kneading and can disperse to the ground, the soil conditioner and the composite microbial agents are uniformly spread on the soil, the soil is spread before planting, the soil is covered after the soil is spread, the thickness of the covered soil is about 3 centimeters, the microbial agents are all covered on the soil conditioner, the rhizoma ligustici wallichii is planted on the covering soil, and other management is the same as that of conventional production.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the soil conditioner has the advantages that the environment is not polluted, the kitchen waste is used as a production raw material of the soil conditioner, the selected microbial inoculum is a microorganism beneficial to crops, the disease can be inhibited, the growth of the crops is facilitated, and the environment is not polluted.
(2) The effect of reducing the heavy metal content is obvious, and after the special fertilizer for reducing the cadmium in the ligusticum wallichii is applied, the cadmium content in the ligusticum wallichii medicinal material can be reduced by about 30 percent.
(3) Can improve the quality of the ligusticum wallichii medicinal material, realize the high-quality and high-price of the medicinal material, increase the income of farmers and the like.
Detailed Description
All features disclosed in this specification may be combined in any combination, except features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Selecting a sample of the Meishan, wherein the cadmium content in the sample is 0.133 +/-0.044 ppm, applying 300kg of the special fertilizer for reducing the cadmium of the ligusticum wallichii in the invention as a base fertilizer per mu, broadcasting and covering soil one week before the ligusticum wallichii is planted, then planting the sample on the planting soil applied with the special fertilizer in the invention, and detecting the cadmium content in the medicinal materials after the medicinal materials are harvested.
Comparative example 1
Selecting a Meishan sample, wherein the cadmium content in the sample is 0.322 +/-0.000 ppm, applying the existing jinwufeng as a base fertilizer, applying 150kg per mu, planting the sample on the cultivation soil with the applied jinwufeng, and detecting the cadmium content in the medicinal materials after the medicinal materials are harvested.
The result of the detection
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION | Effect of reducing cadmium |
Example 1 | 30.32% |
Comparative example 1 | -68.46% |
Example 2
Selecting Pengzhou samples, wherein the cadmium content in the samples is 0.533 +/-0.061 ppm, applying the special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii in the invention as a base fertilizer, applying 300kg per mu, broadcasting and covering soil one week before the ligusticum wallichii is planted, then planting the samples on the cultivation soil applied with the special fertilizer in the invention, and detecting the cadmium content in the medicinal materials after the medicinal materials are harvested.
Example 3
Selecting Pengzhou samples, wherein the cadmium content in the samples is 0.432 +/-0.034 ppm, applying the special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii in the invention as a base fertilizer, applying 500kg per mu, broadcasting and covering soil one week before the ligusticum wallichii is planted, then planting the samples on the cultivation soil applied with the special fertilizer in the invention, and detecting the cadmium content in the medicinal materials after the medicinal materials are harvested.
Comparative example 2
Selecting Pengzhou samples, wherein the cadmium content in the samples is 0.903 +/-0.168 ppm, applying the existing jinwufeng as a base fertilizer, applying 150kg per mu, then planting the samples on the cultivation soil with the applied jinwufeng, and detecting the cadmium content in the medicinal materials after the medicinal materials are harvested.
The result of the detection
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION | Effect of reducing cadmium |
Example 2 | 23.47% |
Example 3 | 37.95% |
Comparative example 2 | -29.50% |
The technical principle of examples 1 to 3 is: firstly, screening 5 microbial agents of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megatherium, bacillus laterosporus, paenibacillus polymyxa and trichoderma harzianum, wherein the viable count per gram is required to be not less than 50 hundred million/gram, the screened microbial agents are matched and mixed uniformly according to the proportion that the using amount ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus megatherium, the bacillus laterosporus, the paenibacillus polymyxa and the trichoderma harzianum is 1: 2: 1 before application, 4 kilograms of the microbial agents are applied to each mu, 500 kilograms of the womeike soil conditioner is applied, wherein the water content in the soil conditioner is about 25 percent, the womeike soil conditioner can form a cluster by hand kneading and can disperse to the ground, the soil conditioner and the composite microbial agents are uniformly spread on the soil, the soil is spread before planting, the soil is covered after the soil is spread, the thickness of the covered soil is about 3 centimeters, the microbial agents are all covered on the soil conditioner, the rhizoma ligustici wallichii is planted on the covering soil, and other management is the same as that of conventional production.
According to the data of the detection results, the cadmium content of the ligusticum wallichii special fertilizer is obvious in cadmium effect, after the ligusticum wallichii special fertilizer is applied, the cadmium content in the ligusticum wallichii medicinal material can be reduced by about 30%, and the problems that the cadmium content in the ligusticum wallichii rhizome seriously exceeds the standard due to the fact that the soil in the conventional local production area of the ligusticum wallichii is polluted by heavy metal, the ligusticum wallichii has a strong enrichment effect on the cadmium in the cultivation soil, and the ligusticum wallichii safety and market requirements are greatly influenced are solved.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii is characterized by comprising a soil conditioner and a microbial agent, wherein the soil conditioner comprises a Womeike soil conditioner; the components of the microbial agent comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus laterosporus, paenibacillus polymyxa and trichoderma harzianum.
2. The special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii according to claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of the soil conditioner to the microbial agent is 500: 4.
3. The fertilizer special for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii according to claim 1, wherein the volume fraction of water in the soil conditioner is 23% -27%.
4. The fertilizer special for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii according to claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner is prepared by fermenting kitchen residues serving as raw materials.
5. The special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii according to claim 4, wherein the organic matter content in the fermentation product is more than or equal to 75.0%.
6. The fertilizer special for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii according to claim 4, wherein the fermentation method of the soil conditioner specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment and screening: screening the collected untreated kitchen waste to remove inorganic substances;
(2) culturing: carrying out enlarged culture on the microbial agent to obtain a culture;
(3) blending: uniformly mixing the microbial agent culture product with the screened kitchen waste and water, and adjusting the water content to 50-60%;
(4) fermentation: fermenting at 60-80 deg.C for 8-10 hr.
7. The special fertilizer for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii according to claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus laterosporus, paenibacillus polymyxa and trichoderma harzianum in the microbial agent is as follows: 1: 2: 1.
8. The method for applying the fertilizer special for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the fertilizer special for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii is applied as a base fertilizer, and is broadcast and covered with soil one week before the ligusticum wallichii is planted.
9. The application method of the fertilizer special for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the fertilizer special for reducing cadmium of ligusticum wallichii is used for reducing the absorption of heavy metals by ligusticum wallichii medicinal materials.
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Cited By (3)
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CN112961003A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-15 | 四川嘉道博文生态科技有限公司 | Base material for reducing cadmium in ligusticum wallichii planting, fertilizer and application thereof |
CN113854057A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-31 | 四川嘉道博文生态科技有限公司 | Method for increasing yield of Curcuma longa L |
CN114793807A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-29 | 四川省中医药科学院 | Planting method for reducing cadmium and improving quality of ligusticum wallichii |
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