CN108640743A - The passivation adjusting control agent and its preparation and application in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land - Google Patents

The passivation adjusting control agent and its preparation and application in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108640743A
CN108640743A CN201810493773.6A CN201810493773A CN108640743A CN 108640743 A CN108640743 A CN 108640743A CN 201810493773 A CN201810493773 A CN 201810493773A CN 108640743 A CN108640743 A CN 108640743A
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China
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heavy metal
passivation
soil
adjusting control
control agent
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CN201810493773.6A
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陈卫平
李贵杰
张静
李智鸣
徐华丽
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Guangzhou Caomufan Ecological Research Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Caomufan Ecological Research Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the passivation adjusting control agents and its preparation and application in a kind of repairing heavy metal pollution arable land, its raw material includes by weight 40 50 parts of organic fertilizers, 30 50 parts of lime stones and 35 parts of microbial bacterial agents, and the microbial bacterial agent includes bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus polymyxa.The present invention ploughs for mild or moderate heavy metal pollution, on the basis of current passivating technique, utilize the adsorption precipitation performance of organic fertilizer and lime stone, using the antibacterial of microbial bacterial agent, phosphorus decomposing and heavy metal-passivated ability, a kind of composite conditioner and its preparation and application for having both and improving soil physico-chemical property, preventing soil-borne disease and heavy metal-passivated cadmium lead is provided.

Description

The passivation adjusting control agent and its preparation and application in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land
Technical field
The present invention relates to environment remediation field of engineering technology, and in particular to a kind of passivation tune in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land Control agent and its preparation and application.
Background technology
The heavy metal that soil environment generates pollution is caused mainly to have mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and metalloid arsenic (As) Etc. the significant element of bio-toxicities, and because accumulate it is excessive due to generate copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and the manganese of bio-toxicity (Mn) common elements such as.With the rapid development of economy, heavy metal pollution of soil event in China's takes place frequently in recent years, not only to arable land It is seriously threatened with agricultural product quality, also directly compromises common people's health, influence social stability.The whole nation is by heavy metal-polluted at present The farm land of dye is about 2.0 × 105hm2, there is 1.3 × 104hm2Soil is forced no longer cultivated, annual life because content of beary metal is exceeded The exceeded agricultural product of content of beary metal are produced up to 14.6 × 105t.Heavy metal is entered by approach such as air and soil in plant, is led Cause has in many local crops the content of beary metal such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium exceeded or close to critical value.
Contaminated in farmland, it is to prevent a huge sum of money to carry out regulation and control to the transfer enrichment behavior of Removed In Soil-crop System Belong to the key of pollution effect human health.Soil remediation method common at present mainly has peripheral doses technology, chemical remediation skill Art and bioremediation technology.Wherein peripheral doses technology is often referred to soil moved in improve the original soil replacement method, although its technological process is simple, effect is aobvious Write, but because quantities it is big, costly, and there are problems that secondary pollution be only applicable to small area, soil pollution situation it is tight The soil of weight.Bioremediation technology generally includes to plant high enriching plant, industrial crops etc., but because repairing efficiency is long, for The reparation of deep layer pollution has difficulties.Chemical remediation technology generally includes the agent of addition soil pH, solidification stabilizer or soil improvement Agent (such as lime substance, phosphorated material, metal oxide, charcoal, attapulgite), because of at low cost, easy implementation, and And at home and abroad extensive use small to soil disturbance.
Currently used chemical remediation technology is mainly by changing soil pH value or adding curing agent and the weight in soil Complex reaction occurs for metal to reduce exchange state content of beary metal in soil, due to soil and the otherness of crops, is somebody's turn to do Specific aim is insufficient in practical applications for method, it is often necessary to can be only achieved specific effect using a large amount of passivator, exist into This height influences crop yield, the problems such as secondary pollution risk is high, and be easy to cause the loss of Nutrient Elements in Soil.China Most of soils heavy metal is mild or moderate pollution level, and soil fertility is more barren, is based on problem above, and research and development are suitable for China The conditioner that mild or moderate heavy metal pollution arable land is repaired is of great significance.
Invention content
In view of this, it is necessary to be directed to problems of the prior art, a kind of repairing heavy metal pollution arable land is provided It is passivated adjusting control agent and its preparation and application.
A kind of passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land of the present invention, raw material include 40-50 by weight Part organic fertilizer, 30-50 parts of lime stones and 3-5 parts of microbial bacterial agents, the microbial bacterial agent include bacillus subtilis, lichens bud Spore bacillus and Paenibacillus polymyxa.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the invention also includes amylum adhesive and urea, the amylum adhesive and The weight part ratio of urea is 2:1, the addition of amylum adhesive and urea admixture is organic fertilizer, lime stone and microbial bacterial agent The 2-4% of mixed system gross mass.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the microbial bacterial agent is bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and more Viscous series bacillus in parts by weight 2:2:The microbial bacterial agent that 1 ratio mixes.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the lime stone is calcium carbonate, lime stone calcium content≤30%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus polymyxa Living bacteria count difference >=2.0 × 109cfu·g-1
As a further improvement on the present invention, effective viable bacteria in the passivation adjusting control agent in the repairing heavy metal pollution arable land Number >=2.0 × 108cfu·g-1
As a further improvement on the present invention, the organic fertilizer is poultry manure, night soil or green manure.Organic fertilizer is decomposed Fertilizer respectively by air-dry and crush, be sieved afterwards to obtain the final product.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land, including following step Suddenly:
S1:Microbial bacterial agent is taken according to corresponding proportioning, and is uniformly mixed, the thalline of microbial bacterial agent is heavy by centrifuging It forms sediment, galactolipin protective agent is put into after separation, then compound microorganism bacterium powder, wherein microbial bacteria is made after carrying out vacuum freeze drying The sediment of body is 1 with the protectant mass ratio of galactolipin:1;
S2:After organic fertilizer, lime stone and microbial bacterial agent are mixed according to proportioning, then amylum adhesive and urea are added, The weight part ratio of amylum adhesive and urea is 2:1, carry out roller granulation, the diameter 1-2mm of obtained particle, amylum adhesive Addition with urea admixture is the 2-4% of organic fertilizer, lime stone and microbial bacterial agent mixed system gross mass.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the organic fertilizer is chicken manure fertilizer, and the chicken manure fertilizer is that decomposed chicken manure is distinguished By air-drying and crushing, it is sieved afterwards up to organic fertilizer.The sieve is the sieve of at least 100 mesh.
The present invention also provides a kind of application methods of the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land, including following step Suddenly:
A. it treats rehabilitating soil and carries out heavy metal analysis, judge heavy metal pollution of soil degree, wherein:Intermediate pollution soil The amount of application of the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land is 150-200kg per acre, and slight pollution soil repairs weight per acre The amount of application of the passivation adjusting control agent in metallic pollution arable land is 80-120kg;
B. it first carries out depth to pollution field to be repaired soil to turn over, the depth that depth is turned over is 30-40cm;By big of soil Grain crushes, rakes and beats ridge, and uniform broadcasting composite conditioner, mechanical rotary tillage topsoil are carried out according to heavy metal pollution of soil degree Earth, mechanical rotary tillage depth are 20cm or so, and conditioner is made to be mixed well with topsoil, are then sprayed in upper soll layer suitable Water makes soil moisture content reach 50% of maxmun field capacity or so, and above-mentioned water-holding capacity need to keep at least one week time;
C. sowing of vegetable and water and fertilizer management are carried out according to normal agro-farming method.
Compared with prior art, the present invention haing the following advantages.
The present invention ploughs for mild or moderate heavy metal pollution, on the basis of current passivating technique, utilizes organic fertilizer, lime The adsorption precipitation performance of stone provides one kind and having both improvement using the antibacterial of microbial bacterial agent, phosphorus decomposing, heavy metal-passivated ability Soil physico-chemical property, the composite conditioner and its preparation and application for preventing soil-borne disease and heavy metal-passivated cadmium lead.
The organic fertilizer of the present invention can increase Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils, improve soil physico-chemical property, while also adsorbable With it complex reaction occurs for heavy metal ion, reduces heavy metal-polluted soil bio-available Zn concentration.The lime stone of the present invention can be reduced The heavy metal of the higher form of crop validity in soil, and it is made to be converted into the lower form of validity.The present invention uses micro- Bacteria agent is three kinds of bacillus with phosphorus decomposing function, can convert insoluble phosphate in soil to soluble phosphoric acid Salt, improves available phosphorus content in soil, and enhancing plant absorption utilizes;These soluble phosphates can also be with soil and work simultaneously Exchangeable cadmium lead in object, which is formed, to be precipitated, heavy metal in the bioavailability and crop body to reduce heavy metal-polluted soil Transport Rate.Meanwhile bacillus can also promote plant growth, reduce pest and disease damage by secreting antibacterial substance and protease Occur.
Organic fertilizer and lime stone in composite conditioner of the present invention can improve micro- life by fixed complex micro organism fungicide Object growing environment improves the concentration class and survival rate of bacillus in the environment, while the bacillus that the present invention chooses may be used also To promote the activation of ground phosphate rock, the dissolution rate of soil phophorus is improved, and then promotes the absorption of plant phosphorus and sinking for heavy metal heavy metal It forms sediment, to reduce absorption of the crop to heavy metal.Therefore, answering for a variety of bacillus is fixed as carrier using organic fertilizer and lime stone Conditioner is closed by synergistic effect, strengthens respective effect, can not only reduce the validity of heavy metal-polluted soil, moreover it is possible to change simultaneously Kind soil physico-chemical property, prevents soil-borne disease, promotes the growth of plant.
The present invention is based on environmental geochemistries and antagonism principle to the new of different pollution levels arable land Heavy Metal Pollution Control Scheme, on the one hand pass through and improve adsorption by soil and precipitation, change Cadmium in Soil occurrence patterns, reduce Cadmium in Soil bioavailable Property, on the other hand by applying composite bacteria agent, promote the precipitation of the absorption and heavy metal lead cadmium of plant phosphorus, to reduce crop pair The absorption of heavy metal, works along both lines, and ensures repairing effect and efficiency.The present invention have it is with strong points, repairing effect is good, cleaning Pollution-free, raw material easily obtain and cheap advantage, while can improve soil to a certain degree, have effect of increasing production.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment the present invention will be further explained explanation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land, raw material include by weight 40-50 parts of organic fertilizers, 30-50 parts of lime stones and 3-5 parts of microbial bacterial agents, microbial bacterial agent include bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and glue more Series bacillus.
Embodiment 2
Remaining is consistent with embodiment 1, further includes amylum adhesive and urea, the parts by weight of the amylum adhesive and urea Than being 2:1, the addition of amylum adhesive and urea admixture is organic fertilizer, lime stone and the total matter of microbial bacterial agent mixed system The 2-4% of amount.
Embodiment 3
Remaining is consistent with embodiment 1 or 2, and microbial bacterial agent is bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and mostly viscous class bud Spore bacillus in parts by weight 2:2:The microbial bacterial agent that 1 ratio mixes.
Embodiment 4
Any one of remaining and embodiment 1-3 are consistent, and lime stone is calcium carbonate, lime stone calcium content≤30%.
Embodiment 5
Any one of remaining and embodiment 1-4 are consistent, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus polymyxa Living bacteria count difference >=2.0 × 109cfu·g-1,
Embodiment 6
Any one of remaining and embodiment 1-5 are consistent, effective viable bacteria in the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land Number >=2.0 × 108cfu·g-1
Embodiment 7
Any one of remaining and embodiment 1-6 are consistent, and organic fertilizer is poultry manure, night soil or green manure.Organic fertilizer is decomposed Fertilizer respectively by air-dry and crush, be sieved afterwards to obtain the final product.
Embodiment 8
Any one of remaining and embodiment 1-7 are consistent, a kind of preparation side of the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land Method includes the following steps:
S1:Microbial bacterial agent is taken according to corresponding proportioning, and is uniformly mixed, the thalline of microbial bacterial agent is heavy by centrifuging It forms sediment, galactolipin protective agent is put into after separation, then compound microorganism bacterium powder, wherein microbial bacteria is made after carrying out vacuum freeze drying The sediment of body is 1 with the protectant mass ratio of galactolipin:1;
S2:After organic fertilizer, lime stone and microbial bacterial agent are mixed according to proportioning, then amylum adhesive and urea are added, The weight part ratio of amylum adhesive and urea is 2:1, carry out roller granulation, the diameter 1-2mm of obtained particle, amylum adhesive Addition with urea admixture is the 2-4% of organic fertilizer, lime stone and microbial bacterial agent mixed system gross mass.
Embodiment 9
Remaining is consistent with embodiment 8, and organic fertilizer is chicken manure fertilizer, and chicken manure fertilizer is decomposed chicken manure respectively by air-dried and powder It is broken, it is sieved afterwards up to organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 10
Any one of remaining and embodiment 1-7 are consistent, a kind of user of the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land Method includes the following steps:
A. it treats rehabilitating soil and carries out heavy metal analysis, judge heavy metal pollution of soil degree, wherein:Intermediate pollution soil The amount of application of the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land is 150-200kg per acre, and slight pollution soil repairs weight per acre The amount of application of the passivation adjusting control agent in metallic pollution arable land is 80-120kg;
B. it first carries out depth to pollution field to be repaired soil to turn over, the depth that depth is turned over is 30-40cm;By big of soil Grain crushes, rakes and beats ridge, and uniform broadcasting composite conditioner, mechanical rotary tillage topsoil are carried out according to heavy metal pollution of soil degree Earth, mechanical rotary tillage depth are 20cm, and conditioner is made to be mixed well with topsoil, then spray suitable water in upper soll layer, Soil moisture content is set to reach the 50% of maxmun field capacity, and above-mentioned water-holding capacity need to keep at least one week time;
C. sowing of vegetable and water and fertilizer management are carried out according to normal agro-farming method.
Embodiment 11
Plot experiment is carried out in southern china heavy metal pollution farmland.It is respectively set control group and processing group, every group three A parallel cell.Control group is other identical as processing group in addition to not applying conditioner.
Pakchoi for trying vegetables is leaf vegetables, and sowing and water and fertilizer management are carried out according to normal agro-farming method.
Cell soil physico-chemical property is:PH value is 7.87, and full cadmium is 1.72mgkg-1, full lead is 178.76mgkg-1, Available Cd (DPTA extractions) is 1.33mgkg-1, Available Lead (DPTA extractions) is 89.48mgkg-1
Test result is referring to following table:
As a result show that the effective cadmium of the lower soil of composite conditioner processing, effective lead content averagely reduce by 48.9% compared with control group With 48.3%;Processing group vegetables cadmium, lead content averagely reduce by 31.2%, 34.3% compared with control group, substantially reduce vegetables heavy metal Content.
Embodiment 12
Plot experiment is carried out in southern china heavy metal pollution farmland.It is respectively set control group and processing group, every group three A parallel cell.Control group is other identical as processing group in addition to not applying conditioner.
Pakchoi for trying vegetables is leaf vegetables, and sowing and water and fertilizer management are carried out according to normal agro-farming method.
Cell soil physico-chemical property is:PH value is 7.83, and full cadmium is 0.99mgkg-1, full lead is 109.76mgkg-1, Available Cd (DPTA extractions) is 0.62mgkg-1, Available Lead (DPTA extractions) is 61.48mgkg-1
Test result is referring to following table:
As a result show that the effective cadmium of the lower soil of composite conditioner processing, effective lead content averagely reduce by 51.6% compared with control group With 45.9%;Processing group vegetables cadmium, lead content averagely reduce by 50.4%, 39.9% compared with control group, substantially reduce vegetables heavy metal Content.
It can be seen from the above result that the Novel conditioning agent can effectively reduce different pollution level soil heavy metal cadmiums and lead Available state, and reduce the content of Heavy Metals In Vegetables.
Several embodiments of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously Cannot the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention Protect range.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land, it is characterised in that:Its raw material includes 40-50 by weight Part organic fertilizer, 30-50 parts of lime stones and 3-5 parts of microbial bacterial agents, the microbial bacterial agent include bacillus subtilis, lichens bud Spore bacillus and Paenibacillus polymyxa.
2. the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Further include starch The weight part ratio of adhesive and urea, the amylum adhesive and urea is 2:1, the addition of amylum adhesive and urea admixture Amount is the 2-4% of organic fertilizer, lime stone and microbial bacterial agent mixed system gross mass.
3. the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The microorganism Microbial inoculum is bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus polymyxa in parts by weight 2:2:What 1 ratio mixed Microbial bacterial agent.
4. the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The lime stone For calcium carbonate, lime stone calcium content≤30%.
5. the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The withered grass bud The living bacteria count difference >=2.0 × 10 of spore bacillus, bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus polymyxa9cfu·g-1
6. the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The reparation weight Living bacteria count >=2.0 × 10 in the passivation adjusting control agent in metallic pollution arable land8cfu·g-1
7. the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The organic fertilizer For poultry manure, night soil or green manure.
8. a kind of preparation method for the passivation adjusting control agent ploughed such as claim 1-7 any one of them repairing heavy metal pollutions, It is characterized in that:Include the following steps:
S1:Microbial bacterial agent is taken according to corresponding proportioning, and is uniformly mixed, the thalline of microbial bacterial agent by centrifugation, It is put into galactolipin protective agent after separation, then compound microorganism bacterium powder, wherein microbial cells is made after carrying out vacuum freeze drying Sediment and the protectant mass ratio of galactolipin be 1:1;
S2:After organic fertilizer, lime stone and microbial bacterial agent are mixed according to proportioning, then add amylum adhesive and urea is rolled Cylinder is granulated, and the weight part ratio of amylum adhesive and urea is 2:1, the diameter 1-2mm of obtained particle, amylum adhesive and urea The addition of mixture is the 2-4% of organic fertilizer, lime stone and microbial bacterial agent mixed system gross mass.
9. the preparation method of the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: The organic fertilizer is chicken manure fertilizer, and the chicken manure fertilizer is decomposed chicken manure respectively by air-drying and crushing, and is sieved afterwards up to organic fertilizer.
10. a kind of application method for the passivation adjusting control agent ploughed such as claim 1-7 any one of them repairing heavy metal pollutions, It is characterized in that:Include the following steps:
A. it treats rehabilitating soil and carries out heavy metal analysis, judge heavy metal pollution of soil degree, wherein:Intermediate pollution soil is per acre The amount of application of the passivation adjusting control agent in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land is 150-200kg, slight pollution soil remediating heavy metal per acre The amount of application of the passivation adjusting control agent in pollution arable land is 80-120kg;
B. it first carries out depth to pollution field to be repaired soil to turn over, the depth that depth is turned over is 30-40cm;By soil bulky grain powder It is broken, rake and beat ridge, carry out uniform broadcasting composite conditioner according to heavy metal pollution of soil degree, mechanical rotary tillage topsoil, Mechanical rotary tillage depth is 20cm or so, and conditioner is made to be mixed well with topsoil, then sprays suitable water in upper soll layer, Soil moisture content is set to reach 50% of maxmun field capacity or so, and above-mentioned water-holding capacity need to keep at least one week time;
C. sowing of vegetable and water and fertilizer management are carried out according to normal agro-farming method.
CN201810493773.6A 2018-05-22 2018-05-22 The passivation adjusting control agent and its preparation and application in repairing heavy metal pollution arable land Pending CN108640743A (en)

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Application publication date: 20181012