CN113025341A - Preparation method and preparation device of soil conditioner - Google Patents
Preparation method and preparation device of soil conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN113025341A CN113025341A CN202110270496.4A CN202110270496A CN113025341A CN 113025341 A CN113025341 A CN 113025341A CN 202110270496 A CN202110270496 A CN 202110270496A CN 113025341 A CN113025341 A CN 113025341A
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and a preparation device of a soil conditioner, belonging to the technical field of soil improvement, and the method comprises the steps of screening, culturing, separating, drying and crushing strains in sludge on the surface layer of a septic tank to obtain sludge bacterial powder of the septic tank; finally, mixing and granulating according to the weight parts of 20-30 parts of septic tank sludge bacteria powder, 10-20 parts of oyster shell powder, 5-12 parts of dolomite powder, 5-10 parts of biochar, 25-30 parts of vegetable leaf powder, 5-10 parts of limestone particles and 5-10 parts of wormcast powder; the device comprises a culture solution expanding incubator, a centrifugal separator and a stirring granulator, wherein the stirring granulator is provided with a stirring chamber, a discharge hole and a disc cutter, and the disc cutter is sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring chamber. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pH value of the soil conditioner reaches 11, the pH value of the soil can be increased, various problems caused by soil acidification are solved, and the crop yield is increased. And the pH value is increased, so that heavy metals such as chromium, nickel and the like in the soil can be passivated, the activity is reduced, and the absorption of crops to the heavy metals is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a preparation method and a preparation device of a soil conditioner.
Background
The acid soil is a general term for soil with a pH value less than 7, is mostly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions in China, and is often caused by environmental pollution (rainwater and air), self-toxicity, unreasonable farming modes and the like. Acid soil is the most typical and most extensive obstacle soil in China, and has the serious influence on the growth of plants, so that a series of problems occur, such as damaged soil structure, soil hardening, low utilization rate of soil nutrients, increase of harmful substances in soil and the like, particularly, the activity of heavy metal elements in soil can be excited by soil acidification, the growth of crops is influenced, and the health of human bodies or animal bodies is harmed through a food chain.
In the prior art, various treatment methods are provided for soil pollution, for example, an invention patent application with publication number CN107512975A discloses a heavy metal polluted soil conditioner, which is prepared by chelating humic acid, 1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4, 6-trisulfide, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, wherein the heavy metal polluted soil conditioner at least comprises humate, 1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4, 6-trisulfide, nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide.
The invention patent with publication number CN107325820B discloses a soil repairing agent suitable for landscape ecosystems, which comprises 15-20 parts of organic modified attapulgite-montmorillonite, 3-5 parts of diatomite, 10-20 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of biochar, 20-30 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-3 parts of calcium acetate, 20-30 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 3-5 parts of furfural mud, 10-12 parts of papermaking black pulp, 1-3 parts of hydroxybutyl cellulose and 2-3 parts of alginic acid. Weighing organic modified attapulgite-montmorillonite, biochar and bamboo fiber powder according to the formula ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder 1; then weighing furfural mud and papermaking black pulp according to the formula ratio, calcining at 350-400 ℃ for 1-1.5h, crushing, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, adding into the mixed powder 1, and stirring and mixing to obtain mixed powder 2; adding the diatomite, the humic acid, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, the monopotassium phosphate, the calcium acetate, the hydroxybutyl cellulose and the alginic acid into the mixed powder 2 according to the formula ratio, finally placing the mixture into a mixer for mixing for 15-20min, then granulating and drying at the low temperature of 40 ℃.
The special patent mostly adopts inorganic substances to treat heavy metal pollution and acid soil in the soil, but the treatment effect is not easy to maintain, the effect is easy to lose after taking effect in a short time, and the basic treatment on the soil cannot be well carried out, so that the virtuous cycle of soil treatment is established.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that in the prior art, a soil conditioner mostly adopts inorganic substances for treating heavy metal pollution and acid soil in soil, the treatment effect is poor, the soil conditioner is not easy to maintain, the soil conditioner is easy to lose efficacy after taking effect in a short time, the soil conditioner cannot completely treat the soil, virtuous circle of soil treatment is established, and the like, the specific technical scheme is as follows.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
the pH value of the formula reaches 11, the pH value of the soil can be improved by using the formula, and the soil is acidified due to the influence of long-term excessive use of chemical fertilizers and acid rain. Acidification of soil causes a series of problems of soil, such as damaged soil structure, soil hardening, low utilization rate of soil nutrients, increase of harmful substances in soil and the like. The use of the formula can improve the pH value of soil and improve the yield of crops. And the increase of the pH value can passivate heavy metals such as chromium, nickel and the like in the soil, reduce the activity, and absorb the free heavy metals by strains, thereby reducing the absorption of crops on the heavy metals and improving the quality of the crops.
And the strains in the sludge of the septic tank are screened to prepare the powder of the sludge of the septic tank, so that the powder has a good effect of adjusting the soil, can absorb heavy metals which flow away from the soil, and can solve the problems of soil hardening and soil acidification.
By adopting the septic tank sludge bacteria powder, the vegetable leaf powder and the wormcast powder, relatively sufficient nutrition is provided for the strains of the septic tank sludge bacteria powder in the initial stage of entering the soil, and the propagation and the diffusion of the strains are accelerated.
The addition of the biochar can increase the base exchange amount, increase CEC of soil, promote nutrient absorption of plants and promote plant growth, and the biochar has rich microporous structures and strong adsorption capacity, can absorb a lot of nutrients and mineral substances as a carrier for attaching and breeding strains, improves the utilization rate of soil nutrients and achieves the effect of improving soil fertility.
Experiments show that when the strain just enters the soil, the survival rate of the strain in the propagation process is very low due to the low temperature in the soil, the expected soil regulation effect can be achieved only by adding a large proportion of the strain powder, and the matching effect of the strain powder, the vegetable leaf powder and the earthworm cast powder can be influenced due to the relatively high production price of the large proportion of the strain powder. Through research, a small amount of limestone particles are added into a formula system, so that the bacterial powder is attached to the limestone particles, when bacteria enter soil, the limestone particles can absorb a small amount of moisture and gradually dissipate heat, and the limestone particles are matched with the biochar, so that the bacteria are kept at a relatively high temperature in the propagation and diffusion processes in the early stage, and the soil regulation effect of the formula is improved.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
screening, purifying and enlarging culturing strains in surface layer sludge in a septic tank to obtain a septic tank sludge strain culture solution;
step two, performing centrifugal separation on the culture solution of the sludge strain in the septic tank, drying and crushing the culture solution, and sieving the culture solution with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain sludge strain powder in the septic tank;
and step three, putting the septic tank sludge bacteria powder, the oyster shell powder, the dolomite powder, the biochar, the vegetable leaf powder, the limestone particles and the wormcast powder into a granulator according to the weight ratio, mixing and granulating to obtain the required soil conditioner.
Preferably, the method for screening strains in surface sludge in the septic tank comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, adding surface sludge and powdery heavy metal contaminated soil samples in a septic tank into an NB culture medium for culture, performing shake culture at 25 ℃ for 12-24h, scribing lines on a solid flat plate by using a culture solution, and picking suspected single colonies from the solid flat plate by using different growth characteristics after 5-10h, wherein the suspected single colonies are divided into a plurality of groups;
step 1.2, respectively adding 1 weight part of each group of suspected single bacterial colonies, 3-5 weight parts of vegetable leaf powder, 50-100 weight parts of powdery heavy metal contaminated soil sample and 50-100 weight parts of water into a stirring container, uniformly mixing and stirring, controlling the temperature at 25-28 ℃, and standing for 12-24 hours;
and step 1.3, adding 1000 parts by weight of water into a stirring container, continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 100-150r/min, testing the heavy metal content of each group of suspected single colonies in the stirring container after stirring for 15min, and screening three groups of colonies with the minimum heavy metal content.
Preferably, the three groups of bacterial colonies screened in the step 1.3 are respectively added into a stirring container according to 10 parts by weight of bacterial colonies, 20 parts by weight of vegetable leaf powder, 5 parts by weight of oyster shell powder, 3 parts by weight of dolomite powder, 2 parts by weight of biochar, 50-100 parts by weight of powdery heavy metal contaminated soil sample and 50-100 parts by weight of water to be uniformly mixed and stirred, the temperature is controlled at 25-28 ℃, and the mixture is kept stand for 24-36 hours;
adding 1000 parts by weight of water into a stirring container, continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 100-150r/min, testing the heavy metal content of each group of bacterial colonies in the stirring container after stirring for 15min, and screening out a group of bacterial colonies with the minimum heavy metal content as a target bacterial colony.
The method is characterized in that a heavy metal contaminated soil action sample is adopted to screen a target bacterial colony, the breeding and diffusion process of a strain in the soil is simulated, and the obtained target bacterial colony has good characteristics of adsorbing free heavy metals by a primary screening mode and a secondary screening mode.
Preferably, the target colonies are purified by the following method: and (3) putting the target bacterial colony at 28 ℃ and under the condition of 150r/min for shake flask culture for 5-10h, then streaking the culture solution on a solid plate, picking again after 3-4h to obtain a single bacterial colony with higher purity, and repeating the steps until a purified bacterial strain is screened out.
The invention also relates to a preparation device of the soil conditioner, which sequentially comprises a culture solution expanding incubator, a centrifugal separator and a stirring granulator, wherein the stirring granulator comprises a stirring chamber, a discharge port arranged on the side wall of the stirring chamber and a disc cutter used for cutting granules at the discharge position of the discharge port, and the disc cutter is sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring chamber.
And granulating by adopting a stirring granulator, stirring the mixture after the mixture enters a stirring chamber, extruding the mixture from a discharge port, and then cutting the mixture into granules by a disc cutter.
Preferably, the stirring granulator further comprises a stirring device for stirring the mixture in the stirring chamber, the stirring device comprises a stirring motor, a stirring shaft and a stirring roller mounted on the stirring shaft, and the stirring roller is mounted in the stirring chamber.
Preferably, the upper surface of the stirring chamber is further provided with a feeding pipeline for feeding, and an outlet at the bottom end of the feeding pipeline is positioned on the upper surface of the stirring roller.
Preferably, a pipeline installation ring groove used for installing the bottom end of the feeding pipeline is formed on the upper surface of the stirring roller at the position corresponding to the bottom end of the feeding pipeline.
Preferably, the center of the pipe installation ring groove is coaxial with the stirring shaft.
Preferably, a material distribution channel is formed in the center of the bottom of the pipeline installation ring groove and extends towards the outer side wall of the stirring roller.
Preferably, a section of annular transition groove is arranged downwards in the center of the bottom of the pipeline installation ring groove, and more than two material distribution channels are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the bottom of the annular transition groove along the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the outlet position of the material distributing channel is higher than the height of the discharge hole of the side wall of the stirring chamber.
Preferably, stirring protrusions for stirring the mixture between the side wall of the stirring roller and the stirring chamber are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the stirring roller.
Preferably, the stirring bulges are distributed on the side wall of the stirring roller in a screw thread shape.
And stirring the mixture by adopting a stirring roller, compacting the mixture by utilizing the pressure on the side surface of the stirring roller and discharging the compacted mixture from a discharge port. The arrangement of the thread-shaped protrusions can increase the contact area between the side surface of the stirring roller and the mixed materials, and prolong the average mixing time of the mixed materials in the cavity.
Preferably, the stirring granulator further comprises a cutter driving assembly for controlling the disc cutter to rotate along the center thereof.
Preferably, the cutter driving assembly comprises a driving motor and a driving shaft, the driving shaft is fixedly arranged at the center of the upper surface of the disc cutter, and the driving motor and the driving shaft are driven by a driving wheel and a driving belt.
Preferably, the disc cutter comprises a disc body and a blade mounted at the edge of the disc body and extending downwards at the edge of the disc body.
Preferably, the blades are evenly distributed along the edge of the disc body.
Preferably, a material passing opening for the mixture of the material outlet to pass through is formed between two adjacent blades.
Has the advantages that:
the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the soil is treated by adopting the strains in the formula, so that the effect is maintained for a longer time while the effect is ensured, the ecological balance of the soil is favorably established, and the virtuous circle is promoted. The pH value of the formula reaches 11, the pH value of the soil can be improved by using the formula, and the soil is acidified due to the influence of long-term excessive use of chemical fertilizers and acid rain. Acidification of soil causes a series of problems of soil, such as damaged soil structure, soil hardening, low utilization rate of soil nutrients, increase of harmful substances in soil and the like. The use of the formula can improve the pH value of soil and improve the yield of crops. And the increase of the pH value can passivate heavy metals such as chromium, nickel and the like in the soil, reduce the activity, and absorb the free heavy metals by strains, thereby reducing the absorption of crops on the heavy metals and improving the quality of the crops.
And the strains in the sludge of the septic tank are screened to prepare the powder of the sludge of the septic tank, so that the powder has a good effect of adjusting the soil, can absorb heavy metals which flow away from the soil, and can solve the problems of soil hardening and soil acidification.
By adopting the septic tank sludge bacteria powder, the vegetable leaf powder and the wormcast powder, relatively sufficient nutrition is provided for the strains of the septic tank sludge bacteria powder in the initial stage of entering the soil, and the propagation and the diffusion of the strains are accelerated.
The addition of the biochar can increase the base exchange amount, increase CEC of soil, promote nutrient absorption of plants and promote plant growth, and the biochar has rich microporous structures and strong adsorption capacity, can absorb a lot of nutrients and mineral substances as a carrier for attaching and breeding strains, improves the utilization rate of soil nutrients and achieves the effect of improving soil fertility.
Experiments show that when the strain just enters the soil, the survival rate of the strain in the propagation process is very low due to the low temperature in the soil, the expected soil regulation effect can be achieved only by adding a large proportion of the strain powder, and the matching effect of the strain powder, the vegetable leaf powder and the earthworm cast powder can be influenced due to the relatively high production price of the large proportion of the strain powder. Through research, a small amount of limestone particles are added into a formula system, so that the bacterial powder is attached to the limestone particles, when bacteria enter soil, the limestone particles can absorb a small amount of moisture and gradually dissipate heat, and the limestone particles are matched with the biochar, so that the bacteria are kept at a relatively high temperature in the propagation and diffusion processes in the early stage, and the soil regulation effect of the formula is improved.
(2) The method is characterized in that a heavy metal contaminated soil action sample is adopted to screen a target bacterial colony, the breeding and diffusion process of a strain in the soil is simulated, and the obtained target bacterial colony has good characteristics of adsorbing free heavy metals by a primary screening mode and a secondary screening mode.
(3) Granulating by adopting a stirring granulator, stirring the mixture after the mixture enters a stirring chamber, extruding the mixture from a discharge port, and then cutting the mixture into granules by a disc cutter; and the stirring granulator is used for stirring the mixture by adopting a stirring roller, and the mixture is compacted by utilizing the pressure on the side surface of the stirring roller and is discharged from a discharge port. The arrangement of the thread-shaped protrusions can increase the contact area between the side surface of the stirring roller and the mixed materials, and prolong the average mixing time of the mixed materials in the cavity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred stirring granulator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second preferred stirring granulator according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a preferred stirring protrusion structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a stirring motor; 2. a stirring shaft; 3. a stirring chamber; 4. a stirring roller; 5. a feed conduit; 6. a material distributing channel; 7. an annular transition groove; 8. a ring groove is installed on the pipeline; 9. a disc cutter; 10. a discharge port; 11. a drive motor; 12. a drive shaft; 13. a driving wheel; 14. a drive belt; 15. stirring the bulges; 16. a material passing port; 91. a disc body; 92. a blade.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
the pH value of the formula reaches 11, the pH value of the soil can be improved by using the formula, and the soil is acidified due to the influence of long-term excessive use of chemical fertilizers and acid rain. Acidification of soil causes a series of problems of soil, such as damaged soil structure, soil hardening, low utilization rate of soil nutrients, increase of harmful substances in soil and the like. The use of the formula can improve the pH value of soil and improve the yield of crops. And the increase of the pH value can passivate heavy metals such as chromium, nickel and the like in the soil, reduce the activity, and absorb the free heavy metals by strains, thereby reducing the absorption of crops on the heavy metals and improving the quality of the crops.
And the strains in the sludge of the septic tank are screened to prepare the powder of the sludge of the septic tank, so that the powder has a good effect of adjusting the soil, can absorb heavy metals which flow away from the soil, and can solve the problems of soil hardening and soil acidification.
By adopting the septic tank sludge bacteria powder, the vegetable leaf powder and the wormcast powder, relatively sufficient nutrition is provided for the strains of the septic tank sludge bacteria powder in the initial stage of entering the soil, and the propagation and the diffusion of the strains are accelerated.
The addition of the biochar can increase the base exchange amount, increase CEC of soil, promote nutrient absorption of plants and promote plant growth, and the biochar has rich microporous structures and strong adsorption capacity, can absorb a lot of nutrients and mineral substances as a carrier for attaching and breeding strains, improves the utilization rate of soil nutrients and achieves the effect of improving soil fertility.
Experiments show that when the strain just enters the soil, the survival rate of the strain in the propagation process is very low due to the low temperature in the soil, the expected soil regulation effect can be achieved only by adding a large proportion of the strain powder, and the matching effect of the strain powder, the vegetable leaf powder and the earthworm cast powder can be influenced due to the relatively high production price of the large proportion of the strain powder. Through research, a small amount of limestone particles are added into a formula system, so that the bacterial powder is attached to the limestone particles, when bacteria enter soil, the limestone particles can absorb a small amount of moisture and gradually dissipate heat, and the limestone particles are matched with the biochar, so that the bacteria are kept at a relatively high temperature in the propagation and diffusion processes in the early stage, and the soil regulation effect of the formula is improved.
As a preferred embodiment, the feed comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
as a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:
screening, purifying and enlarging culturing strains in surface layer sludge in a septic tank to obtain a septic tank sludge strain culture solution;
step two, performing centrifugal separation on the culture solution of the sludge strain in the septic tank, drying and crushing the culture solution, and sieving the culture solution with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain sludge strain powder in the septic tank;
and step three, putting the septic tank sludge bacteria powder, the oyster shell powder, the dolomite powder, the biochar, the vegetable leaf powder, the limestone particles and the wormcast powder into a granulator according to the weight ratio, mixing and granulating to obtain the required soil conditioner.
As a preferred embodiment, the method for screening strains in surface sludge in the septic tank comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, adding surface sludge and powdery heavy metal contaminated soil samples in a septic tank into an NB culture medium for culture, performing shake culture at 25 ℃ for 12-24h, scribing lines on a solid flat plate by using a culture solution, and picking suspected single colonies from the solid flat plate by using different growth characteristics after 5-10h, wherein the suspected single colonies are divided into a plurality of groups;
step 1.2, respectively adding 1 weight part of each group of suspected single bacterial colonies, 3-5 weight parts of vegetable leaf powder, 50-100 weight parts of powdery heavy metal contaminated soil sample and 50-100 weight parts of water into a stirring container, uniformly mixing and stirring, controlling the temperature at 25-28 ℃, and standing for 12-24 hours;
and step 1.3, adding 1000 parts by weight of water into a stirring container, continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 100-150r/min, testing the heavy metal content of each group of suspected single colonies in the stirring container after stirring for 15min, and screening three groups of colonies with the minimum heavy metal content.
As a preferred embodiment, the three groups of colonies screened in step 1.3 are respectively added into a stirring container according to 10 parts by weight of the colonies, 20 parts by weight of vegetable leaf powder, 5 parts by weight of oyster shell powder, 3 parts by weight of dolomite powder, 2 parts by weight of biochar, 50-100 parts by weight of a powdery heavy metal contaminated soil sample and 50-100 parts by weight of water, mixed and stirred uniformly, the temperature is controlled to be 25-28 ℃, and the mixture is kept stand for 24-36 hours;
adding 1000 parts by weight of water into a stirring container, continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 100-150r/min, testing the heavy metal content of each group of bacterial colonies in the stirring container after stirring for 15min, and screening out a group of bacterial colonies with the minimum heavy metal content as a target bacterial colony.
The method is characterized in that a heavy metal contaminated soil action sample is adopted to screen a target bacterial colony, the breeding and diffusion process of a strain in the soil is simulated, and the obtained target bacterial colony has good characteristics of adsorbing free heavy metals by a primary screening mode and a secondary screening mode.
As a preferred embodiment, the target colony is purified by the following method: and (3) putting the target bacterial colony at 28 ℃ and under the condition of 150r/min for shake flask culture for 5-10h, then streaking the culture solution on a solid plate, picking again after 3-4h to obtain a single bacterial colony with higher purity, and repeating the steps until a purified bacterial strain is screened out.
As shown in figure 1, the invention also relates to a preparation device of the soil conditioner, which sequentially comprises a culture solution expanding incubator (not shown), a centrifugal separator (not shown) and a stirring granulator, wherein the stirring granulator comprises a stirring chamber 3, a discharge port 10 arranged on the side wall of the stirring chamber 3 and a disc cutter 9 used for cutting granules at the discharge port 10, and the disc cutter 9 is sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring chamber 3.
And granulating by adopting a stirring granulator, stirring the mixture after the mixture enters a stirring chamber, extruding the mixture from a discharge port, and then cutting the mixture into granules by a disc cutter.
As a preferred embodiment, the stirring granulator further comprises a stirring device for stirring the mixture in the stirring chamber 3, the stirring device comprises a stirring motor 1, a stirring shaft 2 and a stirring roller 4 mounted on the stirring shaft 2, and the stirring roller 4 is mounted in the stirring chamber 3.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the stirring chamber 3 is further provided with a feeding pipe 5 for feeding, and the outlet at the bottom end of the feeding pipe 5 is positioned on the upper surface of the stirring roller 4.
As shown in fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment, a pipe-fitting ring groove 8 for fitting the bottom end of the feed pipe 5 thereto is formed in the upper surface of the stirring roller 4 at a position corresponding to the bottom end of the feed pipe 5.
In a preferred embodiment, the pipe installation ring groove 8 is concentric with the stirring shaft 2.
In a preferred embodiment, the center of the bottom of the pipe installation ring groove 8 extends to the outer side wall of the stirring roller 4 to form a material distribution channel 6.
Specifically, the material distributing channel in this embodiment is more than one horizontally arranged strip-shaped material distributing channel distributed along the circumference of the central shaft of the stirring roller. The design of the material distribution channel can ensure that the material body is uniformly dispersed in the stirring cavity to be uniformly stirred, so that the stirring is more sufficient.
As a preferred embodiment, a section of annular transition groove 7 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the pipeline installation ring groove 8 downwards, and more than two material distribution channels 6 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the bottom of the annular transition groove 7 along the circumferential direction.
In a preferred embodiment, the outlet of the material distributing channel 6 is positioned higher than the height of the discharge hole 10 on the side wall of the stirring chamber 3.
As shown in fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment, the stirring protrusions 15 for stirring the mixture between the side wall of the stirring roller 4 and the stirring chamber 3 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the stirring roller 4.
In a preferred embodiment, the stirring projections 15 are arranged on the side wall of the stirring roller 4 in a screw-like manner.
And stirring the mixture by adopting a stirring roller, compacting the mixture by utilizing the pressure on the side surface of the stirring roller and discharging the compacted mixture from a discharge port. The arrangement of the thread-shaped protrusions can increase the contact area between the side surface of the stirring roller and the mixed materials, and prolong the average mixing time of the mixed materials in the cavity.
As a preferred embodiment, the stirred granulator further comprises a cutter drive assembly which controls the rotation of the disc cutter 9 about its centre.
As shown in fig. 1, as a preferred embodiment, the cutter driving assembly includes a driving motor 11 and a driving shaft 12, the driving shaft 12 is fixedly installed at the central position of the upper surface of the disc cutter 9, and the driving motor 11 and the driving shaft 12 are driven by a driving wheel 13 and a driving belt 14.
As shown in fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment, the disc cutter 9 includes a disc body 91 and a blade 92 mounted on the edge of the disc body 91 and extending downward from the edge of the disc body 91.
As a preferred embodiment, the blades 92 are evenly distributed along the edge of the disc body 91.
In a preferred embodiment, a material passing opening 16 for passing the mixture of the material discharging opening 10 is formed between two adjacent blades 92.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:
2. the preparation method of the soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:
3. the method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
screening, purifying and enlarging culturing strains in surface layer sludge in a septic tank to obtain a septic tank sludge strain culture solution;
step two, performing centrifugal separation on the culture solution of the sludge strain in the septic tank, drying and crushing the culture solution, and sieving the culture solution with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain sludge strain powder in the septic tank;
and step three, putting the septic tank sludge bacteria powder, the oyster shell powder, the dolomite powder, the biochar, the vegetable leaf powder, the limestone particles and the wormcast powder into a granulator according to the weight ratio, mixing and granulating to obtain the required soil conditioner.
4. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to claim 3, wherein the method for screening strains in surface sludge in the septic tank comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, adding surface sludge and powdery heavy metal contaminated soil samples in a septic tank into an NB culture medium for culture, performing shake culture at 25 ℃ for 12-24h, scribing lines on a solid flat plate by using a culture solution, and picking suspected single colonies from the solid flat plate by using different growth characteristics after 5-10h, wherein the suspected single colonies are divided into a plurality of groups;
step 1.2, respectively adding 1 weight part of each group of suspected single bacterial colonies, 3-5 weight parts of vegetable leaf powder, 50-100 weight parts of powdery heavy metal contaminated soil sample and 50-100 weight parts of water into a stirring container, uniformly mixing and stirring, controlling the temperature at 25-28 ℃, and standing for 12-24 hours;
and step 1.3, adding 1000 parts by weight of water into a stirring container, continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 100-150r/min, testing the heavy metal content of each group of suspected single colonies in the stirring container after stirring for 15min, and screening three groups of colonies with the minimum heavy metal content.
5. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the three groups of colonies screened in step 1.3 are respectively added into a stirring container according to 10 parts by weight of colonies, 20 parts by weight of vegetable leaf powder, 5 parts by weight of oyster shell powder, 3 parts by weight of dolomite powder, 2 parts by weight of biochar, 50-100 parts by weight of powdered heavy metal contaminated soil sample and 50-100 parts by weight of water, and are uniformly mixed and stirred, the temperature is controlled at 25-28 ℃, and the mixture is kept stand for 24-36 hours;
adding 1000 parts by weight of water into a stirring container, continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 100-150r/min, testing the heavy metal content of each group of bacterial colonies in the stirring container after stirring for 15min, and screening out a group of bacterial colonies with the minimum heavy metal content as a target bacterial colony.
6. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 3, wherein the target colony is purified by the following method: and (3) putting the target bacterial colony at 28 ℃ and under the condition of 150r/min for shake flask culture for 5-10h, then streaking the culture solution on a solid plate, picking again after 3-4h to obtain a single bacterial colony with higher purity, and repeating the steps until a purified bacterial strain is screened out.
7. The preparation device of the soil conditioner is characterized by comprising a culture solution expanding incubator, a centrifugal separator and a stirring granulator in sequence, wherein the stirring granulator comprises a stirring chamber, a discharge port arranged on the side wall of the stirring chamber and a disc cutter used for cutting granules at the discharge port, and the disc cutter is sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring chamber.
8. The preparation device of a soil conditioner as claimed in claim 7, wherein the stirring granulator further comprises a stirring device for stirring the mixture in the stirring chamber, the stirring device comprises a stirring motor, a stirring shaft and a stirring roller mounted on the stirring shaft, and the stirring roller is mounted in the stirring chamber.
9. The apparatus for preparing soil conditioner as claimed in claim 8, wherein the upper surface of the stirring chamber is further provided with a feeding pipe for feeding, and the outlet at the bottom end of the feeding pipe is positioned on the upper surface of the stirring roller.
10. The apparatus for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 9, wherein a pipe installation groove for installing the bottom end of the feed pipe is formed on the upper surface of the stirring roller at a position corresponding to the bottom end of the feed pipe.
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