CN113024310A - Novel bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113024310A CN113024310A CN202110380680.4A CN202110380680A CN113024310A CN 113024310 A CN113024310 A CN 113024310A CN 202110380680 A CN202110380680 A CN 202110380680A CN 113024310 A CN113024310 A CN 113024310A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and discloses a novel bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the novel bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of treating seaweed, preparing a seaweed extract from the treated seaweed, culturing a microbial inoculum, preparing a modifier, modifying magnetic biochar by using the modifier to obtain modified biochar, preparing a trace element complexing agent and an activating agent respectively, and preparing a novel bio-organic fertilizer. The biological organic fertilizer provided by the invention uses seaweed resources, and achieves remarkable fertilizer effect, stress resistance and disease and insect resistance by utilizing multiple nutritional ingredients and high activity of seaweed; the magnetic biochar is added into the organic fertilizer, the permeability of soil is improved and heavy metal pollution is improved through the coordination effect of the biochar macropores and the micropores, and the biomass-source biological organic fertilizer is long in fertilizer efficiency time, good in slow release effect, reasonable and scientific in formula, green, environment-friendly and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a novel biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present: the fertilizer at the present stage brings about a plurality of problems of soil fertility reduction, nutrition structure disorder, soil hardening, water and soil loss, trace element reduction and the like. The direct application of farmyard manure or other animal manure induces harmful microorganisms such as eggs, pathogenic bacteria of plants, weed seeds and the like carried by manure seeds to seriously threaten crops and influence the yield, and meanwhile, because the original organic matter in the manure has a complex structure, the organic matter is not easily absorbed by the crops and cannot bring the fertilizer efficiency into play.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing chemical fertilizer causes the problems of soil fertility reduction, nutrient structure disorder, soil hardening, water and soil loss, trace element reduction and the like; the farmyard manure can bring serious threat to crops and influence the yield, and meanwhile, the original organic matter in the manure has a complex structure, is not easy to be absorbed by the crops and can not bring the fertilizer efficiency into play.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
The invention is realized in such a way that a preparation method of a novel bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step one, processing seaweed and preparing a seaweed extract by using the processed seaweed: picking and fishing the seaweed in summer and autumn, and removing roots and impurities of the collected seaweed; soaking the seaweed in clear water to remove surface impurities to obtain treated seaweed; placing the treated seaweed in a grinder to be ground to obtain seaweed scraps, placing the seaweed scraps in water to be leached and then centrifuged, and separating to obtain seaweed extract and seaweed residues; concentrating the seaweed extract at low temperature under reduced pressure to obtain seaweed concentrate, and mixing the seaweed residues with the seaweed concentrate to obtain seaweed extract;
step two, culturing the microbial inoculum: preparing a microbial inoculum culture medium, namely mixing bacillus subtilis, geobacillus stearothermophilus and bacillus amyloliquefaciens to obtain a mixed microbial inoculum; placing the mixed bacteria liquid in a bacteria agent culture medium, setting culture temperature and culture time, and culturing the mixed bacteria agent to obtain a cultured bacteria agent;
step three, preparing a modifier and modifying the magnetic biochar by using the modifier to obtain modified biochar: mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and a carbon disulfide solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modifier; placing the magnetic biochar in a drying oven for drying; grinding and sieving the dried magnetic charcoal to obtain magnetic charcoal powder; adding the magnetic charcoal powder into a modifier, completely covering the magnetic charcoal powder with the modifier, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion liquid; heating and stirring the dispersion liquid, and performing suction filtration after heating to obtain a solid substance; drying the solid substance in a drying oven, and grinding to obtain modified charcoal powder;
step four, respectively preparing the trace element complexing agent and the activating agent: weighing 3-5 parts of pH regulator, 2-3 parts of metal trace elements, 5-7 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2-3 parts of ammonium tripolyphosphate, 2-3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-4 parts of peat, 1-2 parts of pepper oil and 4-7 parts of humus according to the mass parts, and preparing the trace element complexing agent by crushing, mixing, stirring and low-temperature drying; weighing 3-5 parts of wood fiber, 1-3 parts of rooting powder, 1-2 parts of trichoderma, 1-2 parts of azotobacter and 1-3 parts of bacterial fermentation product according to parts by mass to prepare an activating agent;
step five, preparing a novel bio-organic fertilizer: respectively placing the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the straws in a crusher to be crushed to obtain crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues and straw scraps; mixing the crushed Chinese medicine residues, straw scraps, an activating agent and water, and fermenting to prepare fermentation liquor; standing the fermentation liquor to remove bottom sediment, heating the fermentation liquor to 75-80 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-50 min for concentration to obtain a concentrate; and (3) drying the concentrate in a drying oven, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, mixing with the seaweed extract, the modified charcoal powder and the trace element complexing agent to obtain fertilizer slurry, and granulating the fertilizer slurry in a granulator to obtain the novel bio-organic fertilizer.
Further, in the first step, the particle size of the seaweed chips is 1-2 cm.
Further, in the first step, the rotating speed of the centrifugation is 700-1200 r/min, and the time of the centrifugation is 10-25 min.
Further, in the first step, the temperature of the low-temperature reduced pressure concentration is 10-25 ℃, and the time of the low-temperature reduced pressure concentration is 40-60 min.
Further, in the second step, the preparation method of the microbial inoculum culture medium comprises the following steps:
weighing 3-5 parts of agar, 2-3 parts of malt wort, 3-4 parts of peptone, 1-2 parts of sodium chloride and 5-10 parts of water according to parts by mass;
mixing agar with water, and heating in water bath until the agar melts;
adding the wort, peptone and sodium chloride into melted agar, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed substance;
and cooling the mixed substance to obtain the microbial inoculum culture medium.
Further, in the third step, the preparation method of the magnetic biochar comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 100 nm-300 nm Fe3O4Adding the particles and sodium dodecyl sulfate into water according to the mass ratio of 5:2, keeping the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1.5:3.5, adding NaOH to adjust the pH value to 9, heating to 85 ℃, and stirring for 1.5-2 hours;
(2) adding concentrated nitric acid to adjust pH to 7.5, washing with clear water, and separating out Fe coated with sodium dodecyl sulfate3O4Granulating, and mixing Fe3O4Adding the particles and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into water according to the mass ratio of 5:1, keeping the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1.5:3.5, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 1.5-3 h to prepare a magnetic agent coated with two layers of surfactants;
(3) drying the biochar, grinding the biochar into powder, sieving the powder, modifying and activating the sieved powder and 0.1mol/L manganese chloride solution for 3 hours at the pH value of 6 according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 2:1, and washing the powder with clear water to obtain modified biochar with the pH value of 7;
(4) adding the modified biochar and a magnetic agent into water according to the mass ratio of 2:1, heating to 70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 1-1.5 h, then cleaning with clear water, and drying at 100-105 ℃ for 2h to obtain the magnetically modified biochar.
Further, in the third step, the step of placing the magnetic biochar in a drying oven for drying comprises the following steps: drying the magnetic biochar until the water content is less than 5%.
Further, in the fourth step, the preparation of the microelement complex agent by crushing, mixing, stirring and low-temperature drying comprises the following steps:
smashing humus and peat, and calcining the smashed humus and peat at 700-800 ℃ for 3-5 h;
cooling the calcining furnace to obtain a calcined product, and crushing the calcined product to obtain humus and peat mixed powder;
stirring and uniformly mixing the mixed powder with a pH regulator, metal trace elements, a phosphate fertilizer, ammonium tripolyphosphate and potassium sulfate to obtain a mixture;
and spraying the zanthoxylum oil into the mixture, fully and uniformly mixing, and drying the mixture at low temperature to obtain the trace element complexing agent.
Further, in step four, the preparing the activator comprises:
mixing the rooting powder and plant ash, adding ethanol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first mixture;
mixing trichoderma and azotobacter to obtain a second mixture; mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and wood fibers to obtain a third mixture;
and adding the bacterial fermentation product into the third mixture for fermentation, and drying the fermentation product at low temperature to obtain the soil activator.
The invention also aims to provide a novel bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the novel bio-organic fertilizer, wherein the novel bio-organic fertilizer comprises 30-35 parts of seaweed, 10-15 parts of straw, 10-12 parts of modified biochar, 8-10 parts of trace element complexing agent, 4-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 3-6 parts of activating agent and 3-5 parts of microbial agent according to mass fraction.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the invention, the seaweed extract is added into the biological organic fertilizer, the seaweed can be utilized, the seaweed is prevented from being excessive and competing for fresh water resources with crops, and the increase of the content of nutrient components in the organic fertilizer can be realized; the magnetic biochar is added into the organic fertilizer, heavy metal pollution in soil is improved through coordination of biochar macropores and micropores, meanwhile, the problem of environmental pollution caused by burning of organic waste at present can be solved through utilization of the straws, waste is turned into wealth, and the biochar organic fertilizer is long in fertilizer efficiency time, good in slow release effect, scientific, reasonable, green and environment-friendly.
Meanwhile, the organic fertilizer is added with the soil activating agent, so that more air can be stored, the soil is loosened, and the growth rate of plants is promoted; provides more nutrient substances for plants and can also promote the growth of microorganisms, particularly bacteria and fungi in soil.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a novel bio-organic fertilizer provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a microbial inoculum medium provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a preparation method of magnetic biochar provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the preparation of the trace element complexing agent by crushing, mixing, stirring and low temperature drying according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart for carrying out the preparation of the activator provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the novel bio-organic fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, picking and fishing the seaweed in summer and autumn, and removing roots and impurities of the collected seaweed; soaking the seaweed in clear water to remove surface impurities to obtain treated seaweed; placing the treated seaweed in a grinder to be ground to obtain seaweed scraps, placing the seaweed scraps in water to be leached and then centrifuged, and separating to obtain seaweed extract and seaweed residues; concentrating the seaweed extract at low temperature under reduced pressure to obtain seaweed concentrate, and mixing the seaweed residues with the seaweed concentrate to obtain seaweed extract;
s102, preparing a microbial inoculum culture medium, and mixing bacillus subtilis, geobacillus stearothermophilus and bacillus amyloliquefaciens to obtain a mixed microbial inoculum; placing the mixed bacteria liquid in a bacteria agent culture medium, setting culture temperature and culture time, and culturing the mixed bacteria agent to obtain a cultured bacteria agent;
s103, mixing the sodium hydroxide solution with the carbon disulfide solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modifier; placing the magnetic biochar in a drying oven for drying; grinding and sieving the dried magnetic charcoal to obtain magnetic charcoal powder; adding the magnetic charcoal powder into a modifier, completely covering the magnetic charcoal powder with the modifier, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion liquid; heating and stirring the dispersion liquid, and performing suction filtration after heating to obtain a solid substance; drying the solid substance in a drying oven, and grinding to obtain modified charcoal powder;
s104, weighing 3-5 parts of pH regulator, 2-3 parts of metal trace elements, 5-7 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2-3 parts of ammonium tripolyphosphate, 2-3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-4 parts of peat, 1-2 parts of zanthoxylum oil and 4-7 parts of humus according to parts by mass, and preparing the trace element complexing agent by crushing, mixing, stirring and low-temperature drying; weighing 3-5 parts of wood fiber, 1-3 parts of rooting powder, 1-2 parts of trichoderma, 1-2 parts of azotobacter and 1-3 parts of bacterial fermentation product according to parts by mass to prepare an activating agent;
s105, respectively placing the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the straws in a crusher to be crushed to obtain crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues and straw scraps; mixing the crushed Chinese medicine residues, straw scraps, an activating agent and water, and fermenting to prepare fermentation liquor; standing the fermentation liquor to remove bottom sediment, heating the fermentation liquor to 75-80 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-50 min for concentration to obtain a concentrate; and (3) drying the concentrate in a drying oven, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, mixing with the seaweed extract, the modified charcoal powder and the trace element complexing agent to obtain fertilizer slurry, and granulating the fertilizer slurry in a granulator to obtain the novel bio-organic fertilizer.
In step S101, the particle size of the seaweed chips provided by the embodiment of the invention is 1-2 cm.
In step S101, the rotation speed of the centrifugation provided by the embodiment of the invention is 700-1200 r/min, and the time of the centrifugation is 10-25 min.
In step S101, the temperature of the low-temperature vacuum concentration provided by the embodiment of the present invention is 10 to 25 ℃, and the time of the low-temperature vacuum concentration is 40 to 60 min.
As shown in fig. 2, in step S102, the preparation method of the microbial inoculum medium provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
s201, weighing 3-5 parts of agar, 2-3 parts of wort, 3-4 parts of peptone, 1-2 parts of sodium chloride and 5-10 parts of water according to parts by mass;
s202, mixing agar with water and heating in a water-proof way until the agar is melted;
s203, adding the wort, peptone and sodium chloride into melted agar, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed substance;
and S204, cooling the mixed substance to obtain a microbial inoculum culture medium.
As shown in fig. 3, in step S103, the preparation method of the magnetic biochar provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
s301, mixing 100 nm-300 nm Fe3O4Adding the particles and sodium dodecyl sulfate into water according to the mass ratio of 5:2, keeping the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1.5:3.5, adding NaOH to adjust the pH value to 9, heating to 85 ℃, and stirring for 1.5-2 hours;
s302, adding concentrated nitric acid to adjust the pH to 7.5, washing with clear water and separating Fe coated with sodium dodecyl sulfate3O4Granulating, and mixing Fe3O4Adding the particles and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into water according to the mass ratio of 5:1, keeping the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1.5:3.5, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 1.5-3 h to prepare a magnetic agent coated with two layers of surfactants;
s303, drying the biochar, grinding the biochar into powder, sieving the powder, modifying and activating the sieved powder and 0.1mol/L manganese chloride solution for 3 hours at the pH value of 6 according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 2:1, and washing the powder with clear water to obtain modified biochar with the pH value of 7;
s304, adding the modified biochar and a magnetic agent into water according to the mass ratio of 2:1, heating to 70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 1-1.5 hours, then washing with clear water, and drying for 2 hours at 100-105 ℃ to obtain the magnetically modified biochar.
In step S103, the drying the magnetic biochar in the drying oven provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: drying the magnetic biochar until the water content is less than 5%.
As shown in fig. 4, in step S104, the preparation of the trace element complexing agent through pulverization, mixing, stirring and low-temperature drying according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s401, smashing humus and peat, and calcining the smashed humus and peat at 700-800 ℃ for 3-5 hours;
s402, cooling the calcining furnace to obtain a calcined product, and crushing the calcined product to obtain humus and peat mixed powder;
s403, stirring and uniformly mixing the mixed powder with a pH regulator, metal trace elements, a phosphate fertilizer, ammonium tripolyphosphate and potassium sulfate to obtain a mixture;
and S404, spraying the zanthoxylum oil into the mixture, fully and uniformly mixing, and drying the mixture at low temperature to obtain the trace element complexing agent.
As shown in fig. 5, in step S104, the preparation of the activator according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s501, mixing rooting powder with plant ash, adding ethanol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first mixture;
s502, mixing trichoderma and azotobacter to obtain a second mixture; mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and wood fibers to obtain a third mixture;
and S503, adding the bacterial fermentation product into the third mixture for fermentation, and drying the fermentation product at low temperature to obtain the soil activator.
The novel bio-organic fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by mass, 30-35 parts of seaweed, 10-15 parts of straw, 10-12 parts of modified biochar, 8-10 parts of a trace element complexing agent, 4-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 3-6 parts of an activating agent and 3-5 parts of a microbial agent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein, which is within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a novel bio-organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, processing seaweed and preparing a seaweed extract by using the processed seaweed: picking and fishing the seaweed in summer and autumn, and removing roots and impurities of the collected seaweed; soaking the seaweed in clear water to remove surface impurities to obtain treated seaweed; placing the treated seaweed in a grinder to be ground to obtain seaweed scraps, placing the seaweed scraps in water to be leached and then centrifuged, and separating to obtain seaweed extract and seaweed residues; concentrating the seaweed extract at low temperature under reduced pressure to obtain seaweed concentrate, and mixing the seaweed residues with the seaweed concentrate to obtain seaweed extract;
step two, culturing the microbial inoculum: preparing a microbial inoculum culture medium, namely mixing bacillus subtilis, geobacillus stearothermophilus and bacillus amyloliquefaciens to obtain a mixed microbial inoculum; placing the mixed bacteria liquid in a bacteria agent culture medium, setting culture temperature and culture time, and culturing the mixed bacteria agent to obtain a cultured bacteria agent;
step three, preparing a modifier and modifying the magnetic biochar by using the modifier to obtain modified biochar: mixing a sodium hydroxide solution and a carbon disulfide solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modifier; placing the magnetic biochar in a drying oven for drying; grinding and sieving the dried magnetic charcoal to obtain magnetic charcoal powder; adding the magnetic charcoal powder into a modifier, completely covering the magnetic charcoal powder with the modifier, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion liquid; heating and stirring the dispersion liquid, and performing suction filtration after heating to obtain a solid substance; drying the solid substance in a drying oven, and grinding to obtain modified charcoal powder;
step four, respectively preparing the trace element complexing agent and the activating agent: weighing 3-5 parts of pH regulator, 2-3 parts of metal trace elements, 5-7 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2-3 parts of ammonium tripolyphosphate, 2-3 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-4 parts of peat, 1-2 parts of pepper oil and 4-7 parts of humus according to the mass parts, and preparing the trace element complexing agent by crushing, mixing, stirring and low-temperature drying; weighing 3-5 parts of wood fiber, 1-3 parts of rooting powder, 1-2 parts of trichoderma, 1-2 parts of azotobacter and 1-3 parts of bacterial fermentation product according to parts by mass to prepare an activating agent;
step five, preparing a novel bio-organic fertilizer: respectively placing the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the straws in a crusher to be crushed to obtain crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues and straw scraps; mixing the crushed Chinese medicine residues, straw scraps, an activating agent and water, and fermenting to prepare fermentation liquor; standing the fermentation liquor to remove bottom sediment, heating the fermentation liquor to 75-80 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-50 min for concentration to obtain a concentrate; and (3) drying the concentrate in a drying oven, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, mixing with the seaweed extract, the modified charcoal powder and the trace element complexing agent to obtain fertilizer slurry, and granulating the fertilizer slurry in a granulator to obtain the novel bio-organic fertilizer.
2. The method for preparing the novel bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the step one, the particle size of the seaweed crumbs is 1-2 cm.
3. The preparation method of the novel bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step one, the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 700-1200 r/min, and the time of the centrifugation is 10-25 min.
4. The preparation method of the novel bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step one, the temperature of the low-temperature reduced pressure concentration is 10-25 ℃, and the time of the low-temperature reduced pressure concentration is 40-60 min.
5. The preparation method of the novel bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the preparation method of the microbial inoculum culture medium comprises the following steps:
weighing 3-5 parts of agar, 2-3 parts of malt wort, 3-4 parts of peptone, 1-2 parts of sodium chloride and 5-10 parts of water according to parts by mass;
mixing agar with water, and heating in water bath until the agar melts;
adding the wort, peptone and sodium chloride into melted agar, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed substance;
and cooling the mixed substance to obtain the microbial inoculum culture medium.
6. The preparation method of the novel bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the preparation method of the magnetic biochar comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 100 nm-300 nm Fe3O4Adding the particles and sodium dodecyl sulfate into water according to the mass ratio of 5:2, keeping the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1.5:3.5, adding NaOH to adjust the pH value to 9, heating to 85 ℃, and stirring for 1.5-2 hours;
(2) adding concentrated nitric acid to adjust pH to 7.5, washing with clear water, and separating out Fe coated with sodium dodecyl sulfate3O4Granulating, and mixing Fe3O4Adding the particles and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into water according to the mass ratio of 5:1, keeping the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1.5:3.5, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 1.5-3 h to prepare a magnetic agent coated with two layers of surfactants;
(3) drying the biochar, grinding the biochar into powder, sieving the powder, modifying and activating the sieved powder and 0.1mol/L manganese chloride solution for 3 hours at the pH value of 6 according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 2:1, and washing the powder with clear water to obtain modified biochar with the pH value of 7;
(4) adding the modified biochar and a magnetic agent into water according to the mass ratio of 2:1, heating to 70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 1-1.5 h, then cleaning with clear water, and drying at 100-105 ℃ for 2h to obtain the magnetically modified biochar.
7. The preparation method of the novel bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the step of placing the magnetic biochar in a drying oven for drying comprises the following steps: drying the magnetic biochar until the water content is less than 5%.
8. The method for preparing a novel bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the preparation of the microelement complex agent by crushing, mixing, stirring and low-temperature drying comprises the following steps:
smashing humus and peat, and calcining the smashed humus and peat at 700-800 ℃ for 3-5 h;
cooling the calcining furnace to obtain a calcined product, and crushing the calcined product to obtain humus and peat mixed powder;
stirring and uniformly mixing the mixed powder with a pH regulator, metal trace elements, a phosphate fertilizer, ammonium tripolyphosphate and potassium sulfate to obtain a mixture;
and spraying the zanthoxylum oil into the mixture, fully and uniformly mixing, and drying the mixture at low temperature to obtain the trace element complexing agent.
9. The method for preparing a novel bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the preparation of the activating agent comprises:
mixing the rooting powder and plant ash, adding ethanol, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first mixture;
mixing trichoderma and azotobacter to obtain a second mixture; mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and wood fibers to obtain a third mixture;
and adding the bacterial fermentation product into the third mixture for fermentation, and drying the fermentation product at low temperature to obtain the soil activator.
10. The novel bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the novel bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claims 1-9 is characterized by comprising, by mass, 30-35 parts of seaweed, 10-15 parts of straw, 10-12 parts of modified biochar, 8-10 parts of trace element complexing agent, 4-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 3-6 parts of activating agent and 3-5 parts of microbial agent.
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| CN117963888A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Preparation method and application of humic acid modified biochar with kitchen waste as raw material |
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| CN117963888A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-03 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Preparation method and application of humic acid modified biochar with kitchen waste as raw material |
| CN117963888B (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-31 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Preparation method and application of humic acid modified biochar with kitchen waste as raw material |
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