CN102659483B - Slow-released fertilizer for fruit trees - Google Patents
Slow-released fertilizer for fruit trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN102659483B CN102659483B CN201210188059.9A CN201210188059A CN102659483B CN 102659483 B CN102659483 B CN 102659483B CN 201210188059 A CN201210188059 A CN 201210188059A CN 102659483 B CN102659483 B CN 102659483B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004968 peroxymonosulfuric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000193738 Bacillus anthracis Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000918585 Pythium aphanidermatum Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000022362 bacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001665 lethal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001863 plant nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slow-released fertilizer for fruit trees, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of crylic acid, 30-50 parts of dried natural sheep manure, 60-90 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5-1.2 parts of calcium, 0.2-1.5 parts of magnesium, 0.4-0.8 part of ferrum, 0.1-0.3 part of boron, 0.05-0.25 part of zinc, 0.25-0.4 part of molybdenum, 10-15 parts of plant ash, 0.1-0.2 part of amino acid and 0.7-0.9 part of alkyl sodium sulfonate. The slow-released trace element fertilizer provided by the invention is environment-friendly, favorable in water conservation performance and good in biological and chemical stabilities, has complete functions and good effects of regulating the growth and development of the plants, and has the effect of insect disease prevention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to super absorbent resin field, be specifically related to a kind of slow release fertilizer that can be used for fruit tree.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural is the basis of national economy, is the Primary Industry that cannot replace.Modern agriculture is taking low input, high production, high-level efficiency and Sustainable development as feature.And closely-related chemical fertilizer industry and water resources are utilized the important substance basis of modern agricultural production and development especially therewith.Chemical fertilizer occupies an important position in agriculture production.Estimate according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO), in the volume increase of developing country's grain, wherein 55% effect from chemical fertilizer.But due to factors such as volatilization, loss, infiltrations, in this season utilization ratio of China's chemical fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer is about 30-35% at present, and phosphate fertilizer is about 10-25%, and potash fertilizer is 35-50%, well below developed country's level.Low utilization rate of fertilizer not only causes huge financial loss, but also can cause serious environmental pollution, the eutrophication of for example water body, and farmland nitrogen is overflowed on the particularly impact etc. of ozonosphere of atmospheric layer, and then the health of human body has been formed to very large threat.Therefore, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, alleviate its pollution to environment, develop sustainable high-efficiency agriculture and become the common problem of paying close attention in various countries.
Dry early lack of water is restriction China's agricultural development and the important factor of accelerating desertification of land.The statistical information relevant according to country show, China's Desertification Soil area 262.2 ten thousand km', account for 27.4% of territory total area, and the direct economic loss causing because of desertification every year reaches 54,000,000,000 yuan.The big area situation that No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity often occurs in a lot of areas.China's agricultural water accounts for 80% left and right of water resources consumption, but global water resources crisis makes Irrigation farming also must walk the evolutionary path of water conservation water saving.Therefore, improving Farmland Water utilization ratio is the central task of China's agricultural.
In recent years, in soil with water-absorbing polymer especially High hydrophilous resin improve the nutrition of plant and water regime oneself through causing people's extensive concern.Research is found, in agricultural, use water-absorbing polymer for improvement soil physical properties, promote seed germination and emerge, improve seedling surviving rate, to reduce plant all very potential to the needs of irrigating, many-side such as raising plant recovery of nutrient etc., and be widely applied, the actual popularization of High hydrophilous resin also lacks very much.Major cause is as follows: the one, and synthesizing super absorbent resin is on the high side; Another one major cause is function singleness, is difficult to meet many-sided demand of plant nutrition.
High hydrophilous resin is the macromole that a class contains hydrophilic radical and crosslinking structure, is made the earliest by the starch-grafted polyacrylonitrile of the employings such as Fanta through saponification again.Press raw material and divide, have starch-series (grafts, carboxymethylation etc.), cellulose-based (carboxymethylation, grafts etc.), several large classes of synthesized polymer system (polyacrylic, polyethenol series, polyoxyethylene system etc.).Wherein polyacrylic High hydrophilous resin, compared with starch-series and cellulose-based comparing, has the series of advantages such as production cost is low, technique is simple, production efficiency is high, water-retaining capacity is strong, shelf life of products is long, becomes the study hotspot in current this field.During world's High hydrophilous resin is produced at present, polyacrylic accounts for 80%.
High hydrophilous resin is generally the polymer electrolyte that contains hydrophilic radical and crosslinking structure.Before water suction, macromolecular chain is drawn close tangle up mutually, is cross-linked to each other and reticulates structure, thereby reach on the whole fastening.While contact with water, water molecules is penetrated in resin by wicking action and diffusion, and the ionizing group on chain ionizes in water.Because the electrostatic repulsion between homo-ion on chain makes macromolecular chain stretching, extension swelling.Due to electric neutrality requirement, gegenion can not move to resin outside, the poor formation reverse osmotic pressure of ionic concn between the solution of resin inside and outside.Water further enters in resin under the effect of reverse osmotic pressure, forms hydrogel.Meanwhile, the cross-linked structure of resin itself and hydrogen bond action, limited again the unlimited expansion of gel.In the time containing a small amount of salt in water, reverse osmotic pressure reduces, and simultaneously due to the shielding effect of gegenion, macromolecular chain is shunk, and causes the water-retaining capacity of resin greatly to decline.Conventionally only 1/10 left and right in deionized water of the water-retaining capacity of High hydrophilous resin in 0.9% NaCl solution.Water suction and water conservation are two aspects of a problem, and Lin Runxiong etc. have carried out Thermodynamic Discussion to this.Under certain temperature and pressure, High hydrophilous resin can spontaneously absorb water, and water enters in resin, the free enthalpy of whole system is reduced, until balance.If water is overflowed from resin, free enthalpy is raise, be unfavorable for the stable of system.Differential thermal analysis shows, the water that High hydrophilous resin absorbs more than C still has 50% to be enclosed in gel network at 150 °.Therefore, even exert pressure under normal temperature, water also can not overflowed from High hydrophilous resin, and this is to be determined by the thermodynamic property of High hydrophilous resin.
Although the exploitation of High hydrophilous resin only have the history of more than 30 year, its development is very noticeable.No matter be that research or the application of synthesizing aspect studied very active, existing starch based, as starch grafted acrylate etc., synthetic class, as polyacrylate, cellulose family etc., polymerized form has aqueous solution polymerization, inverse suspension polymerization etc., and the form of product has Powdered, pearl, membranaceous and fibrous etc.
Application agriculturally, because High hydrophilous resin cost is high, seriously hinder the application of High hydrophilous resin, numerous domestic scientific worker is doing a large amount of work aspect reduction High hydrophilous resin cost, but mainly concentrating in polymerization system, most work adds as wilkinite, the cheap materials such as the inorganic soil such as kaolin and Attapulgite mineral, reach the object reducing costs, can improve the hydrogel intensity after water-keeping material water suction although add some inorganic mineral, but the High hydrophilous resin soil addition that performance is good is lower, can not fundamentally reduce raw materials cost.Product function only has the water suction the same with common water-absorbing resin, releases water function in addition, lacks trophic function.
At present, China's applying fruit trees with fertilizer amount is approximately 2 times of developed country, and utilization rate of fertilizer is 15%-30%, and split application and slow-release fertilizer are world development trends, but the drawbacks limit that split application recruitment is many and slow-release fertilizer price is high its technology popularization.
Publication number is that the application for a patent for invention of CN101113119A discloses a kind of water keeping fertilizer and preparation method thereof, it is mixing super absorbent resin composite making with sequestrant, provide some nutritive ingredients by sequestrant, and this method has no idea to reduce the tooling cost of super absorbent resin, add various composition finished products further to improve the cost of manufacturing simultaneously, and the imbalance of microelement match in this fertilizer is unbalanced, is difficult to play good effect of fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of slow release fertilizer that can be used for fruit tree;
The present invention has adopted following technical scheme: be suitable for preventing the micro-fertilizer of slowly-releasing of disease and pest, it is characterized in that, comprise following composition:
50-80 parts by weight of acrylic acid, the dry natural sheep excrement of 30-50 weight part, urea 60-90 weight part, Secondary ammonium phosphate 10-15 weight part, the zinc of the iron of the calcium of 0.5-1.2 weight part, the magnesium of 0.2-1.5 weight part, 0.4-0.8 weight part, the boron of 0.1-0.3 weight part, 0.05-0.25 weight part, the molybdenum of 0.25-0.4 weight part, the plant ash of 10-15 weight part, the amino acid of 0.1-0.2 weight part, the alkyl sodium sulfonate of 0.7-0.9 weight part, and make according to following steps:
1) 50-80 parts by weight of acrylic acid is placed in to container, adds 350 parts by weight of deionized water to stir, by potassium hydroxide adjusting pH value, make system pH in 7.0 left and right;
2) take the dry natural sheep excrement of 30-50 weight part, be ground into 100 object powder;
3) by step 2) the sheep excrement powder that makes adds in the solution that step 1) makes, then adds urea 60-90 weight part, logical nitrogen high-speed stirring 30 minutes after Secondary ammonium phosphate 10-15 weight part stirring and dissolving;
4) by the solution of step 3) under the pressure of 0.03-0.05 MPa, be heated to 65 ° of C gelatinizations 20 minutes;
5) add oxygenant persulfuric acid sylvite 1.0 weight parts, add reductive agent S-WAT 1.0 weight parts, after stirring, add linking agent N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.5 weight part, polymerization in the time that temperature is 50-60 DEG C, polymerization time is 1 hour, obtains crosslinking polymerization product;
6) crosslinking polymerization product step 5) being obtained is moved in open container, add appropriate solution, described solution, containing the calcium of 0.5-1.2 weight part, the magnesium of 0.2-1.5 weight part, the iron of 0.4-0.8 weight part, the boron of 0.1-0.3 weight part, the zinc of 0.05-0.25 weight part, the molybdenum of 0.25-0.4 weight part, the amino acid of 0.1-0.2 weight part, the alkyl sodium sulfonate of 0.7-0.9 weight part, fully stirs after 10 minutes and leaves standstill 2 hours;
7) product that will step 6) be moved in baking oven after taking out, and with anhydrous methanol dehydration 2 times, then be placed in baking oven with absolute ethanol washing, in 70 DEG C of oven dry, pulverize, and obtain meal A;
8) the meal A that adds step 7) to obtain the plant ash of 10-15 weight part, stirs after mixing, obtains the finished product.
The nutrient content of sheep excrement and character: moisturely in sheep excrement be divided into 65.5%, organic 31.4%, nitrogen is 0.65%, and phosphorus is 0.47%, and potassium is 0.23%.Sheep excrement is of close texture and is dried, and nutriment in a fertilizer is dense, and nutrient content is high, and sheep excrement itself is also a kind of good water-retaining agent.The present invention is taking vinylformic acid, sheep excrement powder as base material, and the persulfuric acid sylvite of employing is as oxygenant, and S-WAT is as reductive agent, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, adopts redox initiation system, polymerization under logical condition of nitrogen gas, and after manufacturing procedure, obtain crosslinking polymerization product; In this fertilizer, contain various trace elements and suitable proportioning, wherein alkyl sodium sulfonate has good tackiness to the Foliage Absorption of food crop simultaneously, promotes the stomatal opening of blade cell, has improved the effect that absorbs nutrition; The meta-bolites that agricultural streptomycin produces for actinomycetes, fungicidal spectrum is wide, particularly better to various bacterial disease effect, and fungi is also had to preventive and therapeutic effect, has systemic action, can be penetrated in plant materials, and be transmitted to other positions.To people, animal low toxicity, also very little to fish and hydrobiont toxicity.Be mainly used in spraying, also can fill with root and seed soaking sterilization etc., and agricultural streptomycin sterilization effect be slower than the lethal process of chemical pesticide, is suitable for early prevention and treatment, therefore can spray at disease and pest early period of origination, and have an effect for a long time together with slow release fertilizer.Plant ash itself is exactly a kind of open-textured hot quick-acting fertilizer, except containing available potassium (5% one 10%), also contains the available nutrients such as phosphorus, calcium, iron, magnesium, sulphur, can widespread use on fruit tree.Plant ash has very strong kill pathogenic bacteria and viral effect, can kill subterranean pest-insect and germ, prevent the generation of damping-off, anthrax, Powdery Mildew, fruit russeting disease, simultaneously appropriate plant ash can improve rate of emergence, improves seedling rate, promote root system development, impel branches and leaves viridescent, strengthen photosynthesis, reduce flowers and fruits and come off, prevent early ageing, improve fruit quality.
Slow release type trace element fertilizer prepared by the present invention has improved water absorbent rate to a great extent, after meeting water, can expand rapidly, in salt solution, improve water-intake rate, in the rainy season of northwest arid area, compound water retaining agent in fertilizer can drink up the rain, and can long time retaining water content validity after water suction, makes it to be stored in soil, improve soil moisture utilization ratio, for plant provides guarantee.The soil erosion of having avoided the eluviation of rainwater to bring, has also avoided fertilizer to run off in a large number, has improved utilization rate of fertilizer, for plant provides guarantee in the long growing nutrient demand of arid season.After agricultural, especially, in the Northwest of drought and water shortage, use this product, the effect that can effectivelyly play water suction, water conservation, soil moisture conservation, nutrition, slowly-releasing, take root, urge root and improvement Soil structure.
The water retention property of the slow release type trace element fertilizer of preparing by the present invention is good, biological and chemical good stability, the function that regulating crop growth is grown is more complete, effect is better, taking natural sheep excrement as base-material, retain effective nutritive ingredient of sheep excrement simultaneously, expanded effective utilization of resource, and can significantly reduce costs, add appropriate wide material sources and lower-cost plant ash simultaneously, when further reducing costs, made fertilizer possess the effect of prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the preparation of slow release type trace element fertilizer of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
1) 50 parts by weight of acrylic acid are placed in to container, add 350 parts by weight of deionized water to stir, by potassium hydroxide adjusting pH value, make system pH in 7.0 left and right;
2) take the dry natural sheep excrement of 30 weight parts, be ground into 100 object powder;
3) by step 2) the sheep excrement powder that makes adds in the solution that step 1) makes, then adds urea 60 weight parts, logical nitrogen high-speed stirring 30 minutes after Secondary ammonium phosphate 10-15 weight part stirring and dissolving;
4) by the solution of step 3) under the pressure of 0.03 MPa, be heated to 65 ° of C gelatinizations 20 minutes;
5) add 1.0 weight part persulfuric acid sylvite, add 1.0 weight part S-WATs, after stirring, add linking agent N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.5 weight part, polymerization in the time that temperature is 50 DEG C, polymerization time is 1 hour, obtains crosslinking polymerization product;
6) crosslinking polymerization product step 5) being obtained is moved in open container, add appropriate solution, described solution, containing the calcium of 0.5 weight part, the magnesium of 0.2 weight part, the iron of 0.4 weight part, the boron of 0.1 weight part, the zinc of 0.05 weight part, the molybdenum of 0.25 weight part, the indolylacetic acid of 0.0008 weight part, the choline chloride 60 of 0.6 weight part, the amino acid of 0.1 weight part, the alkyl sodium sulfonate of 0.7 weight part, fully stirs after 10 minutes and leaves standstill 2 hours;
7) product that will step 6) be moved in baking oven after taking out, and with anhydrous methanol dehydration 2 times, then be placed in baking oven with absolute ethanol washing, in 70 DEG C of oven dry, pulverize, and obtain meal A;
8) the meal A that adds step 7) to obtain the plant ash of 10 weight parts, stirs after mixing, obtains the finished product.
Embodiment 2
1) 80 parts by weight of acrylic acid are placed in to container, add 350 parts by weight of deionized water to stir, by potassium hydroxide adjusting pH value, make system pH in 7.0 left and right;
2) take the dry natural sheep excrement of 50 weight parts, be ground into 100 object powder;
3) by step 2) the sheep excrement powder that makes adds in the solution that step 1) makes, then adds urea 90 weight parts, logical nitrogen high-speed stirring 30 minutes after Secondary ammonium phosphate 15 weight part stirring and dissolving;
4) by the solution of step 3) under the pressure of 0.05 MPa, be heated to 65 ° of C gelatinizations 20 minutes;
5) add oxygenant persulfuric acid sylvite 1.0 weight parts, add reductive agent S-WAT 1.0 weight parts, after stirring, add linking agent N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.5 weight part, polymerization in the time that temperature is 60 DEG C, polymerization time is 1 hour, obtains crosslinking polymerization product;
6) crosslinking polymerization product step 5) being obtained is moved in open container, add appropriate solution, described solution, containing the calcium of 1.2 weight parts, the magnesium of 1.5 weight parts, the iron of 0.8 weight part, the boron of 0.3 weight part, the zinc of 0.25 weight part, the molybdenum of 0.4 weight part, the indolylacetic acid of 0.0025 weight part, the choline chloride 60 of 0.8 weight part, the amino acid of 0.2 weight part, the alkyl sodium sulfonate of 0.9 weight part, fully stirs after 10 minutes and leaves standstill 2 hours;
7) product that will step 6) be moved in baking oven after taking out, and with anhydrous methanol dehydration 2 times, then be placed in baking oven with absolute ethanol washing, in 70 DEG C of oven dry, pulverize, and obtain meal A;
8) the meal A that adds step 7) to obtain the plant ash of 15 weight parts, stirs after mixing, obtains the finished product.
The water retention property of the slow release type trace element fertilizer by gained of the present invention is good, biological and chemical good stability, simultaneously taking natural sheep excrement as base-material, retain effective nutritive ingredient of sheep excrement, expand effective utilization of resource, and can significantly reduce costs, added the agricultural streptomycin that can bring into play with slowly-releasing composition germicidal action simultaneously, make fertilizer possess the effect of prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Claims (1)
1. a slow release fertilizer that can be used for fruit tree, is characterized in that, comprises following composition:
50-80 parts by weight of acrylic acid, the dry natural sheep excrement of 30-50 weight part, urea 60-90 weight part, Secondary ammonium phosphate 10-15 weight part, the zinc of the iron of the calcium of 0.5-1.2 weight part, the magnesium of 0.2-1.5 weight part, 0.4-0.8 weight part, the boron of 0.1-0.3 weight part, 0.05-0.25 weight part, the molybdenum of 0.25-0.4 weight part, the plant ash of 10-15 weight part, the amino acid of 0.1-0.2 weight part, the alkyl sodium sulfonate of 0.7-0.9 weight part, and make according to following steps:
1) 50-80 parts by weight of acrylic acid is placed in to container, adds 350 parts by weight of deionized water to stir, by potassium hydroxide adjusting pH value, make system pH in 7.0 left and right;
2) take the dry natural sheep excrement of 30-50 weight part, be ground into 100 object powder;
3) by step 2) the sheep excrement powder that makes adds in the solution that step 1) makes, then adds urea 60-90 weight part, logical nitrogen high-speed stirring 30 minutes after Secondary ammonium phosphate 10-15 weight part stirring and dissolving;
4) by the solution of step 3) under the pressure of 0.03-0.05 MPa, be heated to 65 ° of C gelatinizations 20 minutes;
5) add oxygenant persulfuric acid sylvite 1.0 weight parts, add reductive agent S-WAT 1.0 weight parts, after stirring, add linking agent N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.5 weight part, polymerization in the time that temperature is 50-60 DEG C, polymerization time is 1 hour, obtains crosslinking polymerization product;
6) crosslinking polymerization product step 5) being obtained is moved in open container, add appropriate solution, described solution, containing the calcium of 0.5-1.2 weight part, the magnesium of 0.2-1.5 weight part, the iron of 0.4-0.8 weight part, the boron of 0.1-0.3 weight part, the zinc of 0.05-0.25 weight part, the molybdenum of 0.25-0.4 weight part, the amino acid of 0.1-0.2 weight part, the alkyl sodium sulfonate of 0.7-0.9 weight part, fully stirs after 10 minutes and leaves standstill 2 hours;
7) product that will step 6) be moved in baking oven after taking out, and with anhydrous methanol dehydration 2 times, then be placed in baking oven with absolute ethanol washing, in 70 DEG C of oven dry, pulverize, and obtain meal A;
8) the meal A that adds step 7) to obtain the plant ash of 10-15 weight part, stirs after mixing, obtains the finished product.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104291943A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-21 | 王文庭 | Apple tree planting controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102701854A (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2012-10-03 | 徐亚红 | Preparation method for slow release fertilizer for fruit trees |
| CN103755443A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-30 | 当涂县科辉商贸有限公司 | Formula fertilizer special for fruit tree and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1371892A (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2002-10-02 | 吉林大学 | Preparation for organic high water absorption and permeation resistant fertilizer |
| CN101113119A (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-01-30 | 中国农业大学 | Water-conserving fertilizer and method for preparing same |
| US20090312183A1 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2009-12-17 | Hirotama Fujimaru | Particulate water absorbing agent and production method thereof |
| CN101838171A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-22 | 山东大学 | Straw-based amphoteric liquid manure controlled-release agent and application thereof |
| CN102010274A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-04-13 | 周志勇 | Balanced slow-release fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1371892A (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2002-10-02 | 吉林大学 | Preparation for organic high water absorption and permeation resistant fertilizer |
| US20090312183A1 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2009-12-17 | Hirotama Fujimaru | Particulate water absorbing agent and production method thereof |
| CN101113119A (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-01-30 | 中国农业大学 | Water-conserving fertilizer and method for preparing same |
| CN101838171A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-22 | 山东大学 | Straw-based amphoteric liquid manure controlled-release agent and application thereof |
| CN102010274A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-04-13 | 周志勇 | Balanced slow-release fertilizer |
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| CN104291943A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-21 | 王文庭 | Apple tree planting controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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