CN101113119A - Water-conserving fertilizer and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Water-conserving fertilizer and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101113119A CN101113119A CNA2007101177403A CN200710117740A CN101113119A CN 101113119 A CN101113119 A CN 101113119A CN A2007101177403 A CNA2007101177403 A CN A2007101177403A CN 200710117740 A CN200710117740 A CN 200710117740A CN 101113119 A CN101113119 A CN 101113119A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-conservation fertilizer pertaining to agricultural fertilizer preparation technical field and containing various cations with a plurality of nutrition functions. The preparation method of the water-conservation fertilizer is that: acrylic acid monomers are partially neutralized by potassium hydroxide solution and next the pH value thereof is adjusted between 4 and 9 with ammonia; then acrylamide, cationic compound, cross-linking agent and initiator are added to the solution in sequence; and the mixture is stirred continuously and reacts quickly under the protection of nitrogen; at last super absorbent polymer is obtained; the super absorbent polymer of 90-99wt percent (dry weight) is mixed with sequestering agent of 1 -10wt percent (dry weight) to obtain the fertilizer. The water-conservation fertilizer has the functions of salt resistance, draught resistance, water saving and conserving, providing nutrition, delaying water releasing, promoting rooting and improving soil structure, and is widely applied in shelterbelt forest development, desert prevention and cure, highway slope protection, lawn construction, soil improvement, gardening and agricultural and forestry industries, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural fertilizer technology of preparing scope, particularly contain cationic agricultural water keeping fertilizer of multiple nutritional components and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In China, since beginning the research of water-holding agent the eighties, the investigative technique of single water-holding agent is comparative maturity, and it is extensively applied to bring into play significant role in the daily life.And in the agricultural application facet, many at the water-holding agent applied research, but actual the popularization not enough.Major cause is as follows: the one, and the synthetic macromolecule water-holding agent only limits to one or both traditional monomers (vinylformic acid or acrylate), and is on the high side; The another one major cause is the water-holding agent function singleness, is difficult to satisfy the many-sided demand of plant nutrition.
The domestic market water-holding agent mainly contains starch based and acrylate base polymer.Acrylate base polymer water-absorbent is better, but its salt tolerance is relatively poor.It is more that the sodium salt base polymer is produced, and brings bad consequence to soil after agricultural.Starch based water-holding agent raw material is easy to get, and price is low, but water-absorbent and poor stability are used behind the soil perishable rottenly, and work-ing life is short.Polyacrylic acid and acrylic amide water conservation polymkeric substance are the high molecular polymers with good water-absorbing-retaining performance that developed recently gets up, and are with a wide range of applications, and domestic market research is used less.
Domestic patent and bibliographical information about functional composite water conservation fertilizer and water-preserving nutritive preparation has: the multifunctional and nutritional water conservation preparation of invention such as Yuan Kewen, it be a kind of be that main raw material is made in the water-keeping material synthetic water-preserving nutritive sustained release dosage behind composite adding functional substance, organic raw material and the tethelin with vinylformic acid and acrylamide, effect with water conservation and moisture-holding and multiple nutrients, but multiple filler and nutritive substance need pass through a series of processing and fabricatings such as stirring and dissolving, pulverizing mixing, production process more complicated in making processes; A kind of nourishing water-loss reducer of Yang Yongkang invention, it is formulated with a kind of water-holding agent and diatomite, zeolite and physical mixed such as urea, vitriolate of tartar, the product salt tolerance is poor, mixes its effect of back with fertilizer and can not well be brought into play; The composite multifunction agricultural water-loss reducer of inventions such as Yang Guangjun is to add inorganics such as humolith to make in producing the water-holding agent process; The rooting and water-retaining agent of the common invention of Zhao Zhen, Yang Chungang is to make through reasonable physical mixed with super absorbent resin and materials such as boric acid, naphthylacetic acid, xanthohumic acid, sucrose, can improve plant percent, and the growth of promotion nursery stock production is a kind of water conservation preparation of taking root.Inventions such as Liao Zong Wen of south China agricultural university a kind of has water conservation, and to store the ammonium salt hydrogel of fertile effect be that the ammonium fertilizer solution that plant-growth is required is stored in the gel, though broken through the limitation of water-holding agent function singleness, realized that liquid manure is integrated, but, only introduced a kind of ammonium salt in its water-keeping gel, also had one section gap in one from the multiple nutrients function.The micro-water-holding agent of bibliographical informations such as Li Yali, Wang Lili mention the plant nutrition function in the water-holding agent document of the nitrogenous potassium nutrition of reports such as Wen Guohua, but starch-grafted class is used in the material selection, and certain limitation is arranged.
More domestic institutes such as Lanzhou chemical physics institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences's chemistry institute development etc. are the units that China early begins to develop water-holding agent, but the water-holding agent of development only limits to single water retaining function.
Japan's main development polyacrylate and fibre modification class water-holding agent, it is many that the U.S. develops starch-grafted class water-holding agent; Its development mainly concentrates on production technique and the synthetic method, and relevant water-holding agent and correlation technique are applied for a patent a lot, and less to the research of multifunctional agricultural water-holding agent, patent almost seldom has report.The SSNF (a kind of water-holding slow-release fertilizer) of developments such as Minzhu Liu, Rui Lian adds urea synthesis in synthetic water-holding agent process.The TC water-holding agent that Belgium develops has the multiple nutrients function, can be widely used in grassland greening, agricultural construction, playground maintenance, highway slope protection etc., obtained good effect in some countries use, but it holds at high price, be difficult to make it to apply on a large scale.
Comprehensive domestic research, single water-holding agent research comparative maturity, relevant multi-functional water-holding agent comprehensive study patent documentation report is less.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of water keeping fertilizer and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, described water keeping fertilizer is by cationic super absorbent resin of 90-99wt% and composite the making of 1-10wt% chelating attitude nutritive medium, and wherein wt is dry weight than indication weight.
The preparation method of described water keeping fertilizer be Acrylic Acid Monomer is partly neutralized with potassium hydroxide solution after, regulate the pH value between the 4-9 with ammoniacal liquor, add acrylamide, cation compound, linking agent, initiator then successively, in reactor, constantly stir, under the nitrogen protection, carry out rapid reaction, make cationic super absorbent resin at last; Then the cationic super absorbent resin of 90-99wt% is mixed composite, drying and moulding with 1-10wt% chelating attitude nutritive medium.
Described super absorbent resin is that the cationic poly acrylic acid-acrylamide forms multipolymer, in the described cationic super absorbent resin, form multipolymer by vinylformic acid, acrylamide, cation compound, the shared mass percent of each monomer is respectively vinylformic acid 5-40wt%, acrylamide 5-40wt%, cationic monomer 0.01-5wt%, deionized water are surplus.
Described cation compound is methylacryoyloxyethyl trimethylammonium ammonia chloride (DMC), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, acrylyl oxy-ethyl-trimethyl salmiac or diethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
In the described cationic super absorbent resin, in and conditioning agent potassium hydroxide and Acrylic Acid Monomer mass ratio be 1.5-3 and proper ammonia, degree of neutralization is 75-80%.
In the described cationic super absorbent resin, linking agent is N,N methylene bis acrylamide or two methacryloyl polyoxyethylene, and consumption is 0.005-0.010wt%.
In the described cationic super absorbent resin, initiator is oxidation-reduction type material persulphate-S-WAT, and consumption is 0.025-0.032wt%.
In the described chelating attitude nutritive medium, the shared mass percent of each composition: nitrogen accounts for that 0.2-2wt%, phosphorus account for 0.2-1.5wt%, potassium accounts for 0.2-5wt%; Calcium accounts for that 0.2-2.wt%, magnesium account for 0.2-2.5wt%, sulphur accounts for 0.8-5wt%; Chelating attitude copper accounts for 0.2-1.2wt%, manganese and accounts for 0.3-1wt%, zinc and account for 0.3-3wt%, iron and account for 0.4-3wt%, boron and account for 0.3-2wt% and molybdenum and account for 0.1-0.8wt%, root-growing agent and account for 0.0003-0.038wt%, promoter and account for that 0.6-11wt%, antitranspirant account for 0.00011-0.054wt%, deionized water is a kind of nutritive medium of surplus.
Described root-growing agent is: one or more in indolebutyric acid, indolylacetic acid, α-Nai Yisuan, the forulic acid, content accounts for 0.0003-0.038wt%.
Described promoter is the 0.1-2.5wt% organic acid: one or more compositions in the organic amine of xanthohumic acid or amino acid and 0.1-4.5wt%: EDTA, trolamine, triethylamine, polyethylene polyamine, the quadrol;
Described antitranspirant consists of: one or more in dormin, the anti-kinetin material, content accounts for 0.00011-0.054wt%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
1. in the making of absorbent resin, introduce a kind of new cationic monomer, improved the water-absorbent of water-keeping material.After using soil, the function of sterilization, activating soil is arranged, increase the aggregate structure of soil simultaneously, play the effect of well improving the soil;
2. in the preparation of absorbent resin, coordinate the proportioning of vinylformic acid and acrylamide, under the prerequisite that guarantees higher water-intake rate, improved the salt tolerance of resin, made it have good water retention property, prolonged its work-ing life;
3. prepared a kind of sequestrant that integrates trace element, root-growing agent and promoter, and made multiple functions such as it has drought resisting, water saving, water conservation, nutrition, takes root, slowly-releasing after water-keeping material mixes;
4. used neutralizing agent is potassium hydroxide and ammoniacal liquor, has got rid of the injury of sodium salt ion pair soil, has introduced nutritive elements such as potassium and ammonium simultaneously on water-absorbing resin;
5. simplified production technique, alleviated multifunctionality and the production technique contradiction between simple to a certain extent, made product not only reach multi-functional, and simplify technology, save energy.
Concrete scheme implementation
The invention provides a kind of water keeping fertilizer and preparation method thereof.Described water keeping fertilizer is a kind of salt tolerant, drought resisting, water saving, water conservation, nutrition, slowly-releasing, take root and the water keeping fertilizer of the functions such as structure of improving the soil.It is that modern agriculture resisting drought saving water technology, macromolecular material are learned a kind of high-tech drought resisting product that interosculates with field such as environmental ecology science and invent, can be widely used in shelterbelt construction, desert control, highway slope protection, lawn plant build, aspects such as soil improvement, gardening, agroforestry.
Described cationic High hydrophilous resin is a kind of water-keeping material, and main synthon has vinylformic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM) and small cations compound.Described cationic substance is a kind of in a series of cation compounds, as cationic monomer methylacryoyloxyethyl trimethylammonium ammonia chloride (DMC) etc.The preparation method is as follows: after Acrylic Acid Monomer is partly neutralized with potassium hydroxide solution; regulate the pH value between the 4-9 with ammoniacal liquor; add acrylamide, cation compound, linking agent, initiator then successively; in reactor, constantly stir, under the nitrogen protection, carry out rapid reaction and make High hydrophilous resin at last.Described linking agent is a N,N methylene bis acrylamide; Described initiator is the oxidation-reduction type material: persulphate-S-WAT etc.The super absorbent resin that makes presents complicated tridimensional network, can water-swelling, have certain water storage and water retention property; The introducing of nonionic acrylamide has reduced the salt ionic concentration of polymkeric substance inside, introducing-the CONH2 hydrophilic radical has very strong avidity to water, improved the water-absorbent of polymkeric substance in salt solution, improved the salt tolerance of polymkeric substance; After cationic monomer such as the methylacryoyloxyethyl trimethylammonium ammonia chloride synthetic polymer, amino wherein has cationic, helps the formation of soil aggregate, and the improvement of prone soil is had good effect, can also improve water-absorbent simultaneously; In and material use potassium hydroxide and ammoniacal liquor instead, in polymkeric substance, introduce nutritional substances such as ammonium and potassium, got rid of the injury to soil such as sodium salt, in soil, played the performance of good nutrition and slowly-releasing.A kind of fast synthesis method of synthetic employing of hydroscopic high-molecular resin has been simplified synthesis technique greatly, has saved the time energy.
Described chelating attitude nutritive medium is a kind of synthetic multifunctional and nutritional sequestrant, contains necessary micronutrient element of various plants growth and root-growing agent, plant-growth regulator, antitranspirant; After super absorbent resin mixes with certain proportioning, increased the multiple nutrients function of water-retaining agent.The used trace element of soil is few, but is indispensable, will bring mortal injury to plant-growth in case lack.And the micronutrient element that these are necessary is incorporated in the water-holding agent with the sequestrant form, has not only improved trace element utilizing rate, and have certain slow-release function, and what prevented trace element uses the injury that plant is caused in a large number.The interpolation of root-growing agent can promote the growth of root system of plant in addition, the growth of root system has promoted plant to the soil utilization at interior water source on a large scale again, strengthen the surviving rate of plant in severe environment, promoted the water-holding agent water absorbing and retaining properties conversely, played the function of resisting drought saving water.The moisture that antitranspirant makes water-keeping gel absorb can slowly discharge, and for a long time for plant provides moisture nutrition, the wasting of resources of having avoided a large amount of irrigations of moisture to bring has good water conservation saving water, resisting drought effect.
Multi-functional water-holding agent of the present invention, its water-intake rate can reach 700-1300 doubly, and water-intake rate reaches 70-120 doubly in the 0.9%NaCl salt brine solution, inhale from the beginning that the water yield has 90-200 doubly, and retentiveness is good, can absorb water repeatedly and release water, and validity reaches 4-5 in soil.
Multifunctional agricultural water conservation product of the present invention has improved water absorbent rate to a great extent, can expand rapidly after meeting water, in salt solution, improved water-intake rate, and can keep water effective for a long time after the suction, improved efficiency of water application in the soil, for the long nutritional needs of plant provides guarantee.In the rainy season of northwest arid area, water-holding agent can the rapid absorption rainwater, and makes it to be stored in the soil, the soil erosion of promptly having avoided the eluviation of rainwater to bring, also avoided fertilizer to run off in a large number, improved utilization rate of fertilizer, for plant provides guarantee in the arid season growth.After agricultural, especially, use this product, the effect that can effectivelyly play suction, water conservation, soil moisture conservation, nutrition, slowly-releasing, take root, urge the root and the structure of improving the soil in the Northwest of drought and water shortage.
Product application shelterbelt construction of the present invention can play the effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, and reduces soil erosion, and the structure of improving the soil has reduced the forestry development cost simultaneously; Be used for nursery stock transplanting, promote to take root fast, improve efficiency of water application, improved plant percent simultaneously; Be used for the lawn plant build, golf course, highway slope protection etc. are disposable employed, in conjunction with certain water yield supply, can continue to provide moisture nutrition for a long time, reduce the labor force, have reduced maintenance cost; Be applied to gardening and also can play good effect, the longer duration that waters has in a short time strengthened its sight; Be applied to agricultural and can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce input cost, increase grain yield, improve crop anti-adversity, strengthen crop quality.
Product using method of the present invention is simple, can be used for plant and dips in root, executes, dresses seed, plants suitcase clothing etc. with mixing with soil use, base, all can play good result.Forestry is transplanted the every cave of seedling and is used about 0.5g, approximately only needs 0.3-0.5 unit, and plant percent is reached more than 95%.
To be described in detail the concrete experiment of this product below:
Example 1
The preparation of the first step hydroscopic high-molecular resin
(1) configuration 10% potassium hydroxide solution is used for and Acrylic Acid Monomer solution, and with ammonia soln regulator solution pH value between 5-8;
(2) in vinylformic acid: acrylamide: cationic monomer DMC: the linking agent quality is 7: 3: 0.047: 0.005 ratio adds acrylamide, cationic monomer, linking agent in the acrylic acid solution after neutralization, heated and stirred under the nitrogen protection successively;
When (3) treating that system (2) temperature rises to 40 ℃ of left and right sides, add 15% ammonium persulphate-sodium sulfite solution.Wherein ammonium persulphate-S-WAT quality accounts for 0.3% of reaction monomers total mass, and makes that the monomer total mass concentration is 13% in the whole reaction system.Continue heated and stirred, polymerization temperature is controlled at 70-80 ℃, and reaction times 1-3h makes the transparent gel-form hydroscopic high-molecular resin;
The preparation of the second step water conservation fertilizer
The above-mentioned water-keeping gel that makes is moved in the open container, add an amount of distilled water, and add the chelating nutrient ions preparation of taking root, account for 5% of water-absorbing resin reaction monomers total mass, stirring makes it abundant imbibition, chelating ion subparticipation polymkeric substance is further crosslinked, and nutritive substance enters into the crosslinked polymer system.2h is compound to be moved in the baking oven after evenly, and 80 ℃ of freeze-day with constant temperature 24h, and section pulverize, both finished product.
The fertile solid finished product of water conservation contains: nitrogen accounts for 0.03, phosphorus accounts for 0.03, potassium accounts for 0.03; Calcium accounts for 0.03, magnesium accounts for 0.03, sulphur accounts for 0.09; Chelating attitude copper accounts for 0.03, manganese accounts for 0.05, zinc accounts for 0.05, iron accounts for 0.06, boron accounts for 0.05 and molybdenum accounts for 0.02, root-growing agent accounts for 0.00004, promoter accounts for 0.08, antitranspirant accounts for 0.000015.When providing nutrition, improve survival rate of plant, play combating drought and raising yields and the effect of improving quality of agricultural product for plant.
Example 2
The preparation of the first step hydroscopic high-molecular resin
(1) configuration 15% potassium hydroxide solution dilutes acrylic acid solution with it, and with less ammonia solution regulator solution pH value between 5-7;
(2) in vinylformic acid: acrylamide: cationic monomer DMC: linking agent is 7: 3: 0.035: 0.005 ratio, in the later acrylic acid solution of neutralization, add acrylamide, cationic monomer, linking agent successively, and nitrogen protection is heating and stirring down;
Add 10% ammonium persulfate solution when (3) system (2) temperature rises to 35 ℃ of left and right sides.Wherein the ammonium persulphate quality accounts for 0.24% of monomer total mass, and makes that total monomer is 17% in the whole reaction system.Continue heated and stirred, polymerization temperature is controlled at 70-90 ℃, and reaction times 15min had both got the transparent gel-form hydroscopic high-molecular resin;
The preparation of the second step water conservation fertilizer
The above-mentioned water-keeping gel that makes is moved in the open container, adding distil water, and add the chelating nutrient ions preparation of taking root, its quality is 5% of a water-absorbing resin reaction monomers total mass, reaction is stirred and is made it abundant imbibition, chelating ion subparticipation polymkeric substance is further crosslinked, and nutritive substance enters into polymkeric substance.Be moved into behind the 2h in the baking oven, 80 ℃ of freeze-day with constant temperature 24h, and section pulverize, and have both got finished product.
The fertile finished product of water conservation contains that nitrogen accounts for 0.03, phosphorus accounts for 0.03, potassium accounts for 0.03; Calcium accounts for 0.03, magnesium accounts for 0.03, sulphur accounts for 0.09; Chelating attitude copper accounts for 0.03, manganese accounts for 0.05, zinc accounts for 0.05, iron accounts for 0.06, boron accounts for 0.05 and molybdenum accounts for 0.02, root-growing agent accounts for 0.00004, promoter accounts for 0.08, antitranspirant accounts for 0.000015.
This implementation method beneficial features is: water-absorbing resin prepares fast, work simplification; The content of potassium increases in the water conservation fertilizer, suction fast, the water conservation phase is long, uses soil improvement, the cultivation of fruit tree aspect is respond well, the raising quality of agricultural product.
Example 3
The preparation of the first step hydroscopic high-molecular resin
(1) take by weighing a certain amount of Acrylic Acid Monomer and the dilution, directly use ammonia soln and part acrylic acid generation neutralization reaction, in right be 75%;
(2) in vinylformic acid: acrylamide: cationic monomer DMC: linking agent is 6: 4: 0.03-0.04: 0.005 ratio, in the later acrylic acid solution of neutralization, add acrylamide, cationic monomer, linking agent successively, and nitrogen protection is heating and stirring down;
Add 15% ammonium persulfate solution when (3) system (2) temperature rises to 45 ℃ of left and right sides.Wherein the ammonium persulphate quality accounts for 0.24% of monomer total mass, and makes that total monomer is 17% in the whole reaction system.Continue heated and stirred, polymerization temperature is controlled at 70-90 ℃, and reaction times 15min had both got the transparent gel-form hydroscopic high-molecular resin;
The preparation of the second step water conservation fertilizer
The above-mentioned water-keeping gel that makes is moved in the open container, adding distil water, and add the chelating nutrient ions preparation of taking root, its quality is 10% of a water-absorbing resin reaction monomers total mass, reaction is stirred and is made it abundant imbibition, chelating ion subparticipation polymkeric substance is further crosslinked, and nutritive substance enters into polymkeric substance.Be moved into behind the 2h in the baking oven, 80 ℃ of freeze-day with constant temperature 24h, and section pulverize, and have both got finished product.
The fertile finished product of water conservation contains that nitrogen accounts for 0.06, phosphorus accounts for 0.06, potassium accounts for 0.06; Calcium accounts for 0.06, magnesium accounts for 0.06, sulphur accounts for 0.18; Chelating attitude copper accounts for 0.06, manganese accounts for 0.1, zinc accounts for 0.1, iron accounts for 0.12, boron accounts for 0.1 and molybdenum accounts for 0.04, root-growing agent accounts for 0.00008, promoter accounts for 0.16, antitranspirant accounts for 0.00003.
This implementation method beneficial features is: water-absorbing resin prepares fast, work simplification; The content of nitrogen increases in the water conservation fertilizer, can be plant nitrogen nutrition is provided; Antitranspirant, plant-growth regulator, chelating ion amount increase, plant at prone soil improvement, turf build, respond well aspect the playground maintenance.
Example 4
The preparation of the first step hydroscopic high-molecular resin
(1) configuration 15% potassium hydroxide solution dilutes acrylic acid solution with it, and with ammonia soln regulator solution pH value between 6-7, degree of neutralization 80%;
(2) in vinylformic acid: acrylamide: cationic monomer DMC: linking agent is 5: 5: 0.28: 0.005 ratio, in the later acrylic acid solution of neutralization, add acrylamide, cationic monomer, linking agent successively, and nitrogen protection is heating and stirring down;
Add 15% ammonium persulfate solution when (3) system (2) temperature rises to 45 ℃ of left and right sides.Wherein the ammonium persulphate quality accounts for 0.24% of monomer total mass, and makes that total monomer is 17% in the whole reaction system.Continue heated and stirred, polymeric reaction temperature is controlled at 70-80 ℃, and reaction times 1-2h had both got the transparent gel-form hydroscopic high-molecular resin;
The preparation of the second step water conservation fertilizer
The above-mentioned water-keeping gel that makes is moved in the open container, adding distil water, and add the chelating nutrient ions preparation of taking root, its quality is 7% of a water-absorbing resin reaction monomers total mass, reaction is stirred and is made it abundant imbibition, chelating ion subparticipation polymkeric substance is further crosslinked, and nutritive substance enters into polymkeric substance.Be moved into behind the 2h in the baking oven, 80 ℃ of freeze-day with constant temperature 24h, and section pulverize, and have both got finished product.
The fertile finished product of water conservation contains that nitrogen accounts for 0.042, phosphorus accounts for 0.04, potassium accounts for 0.04; Calcium accounts for 0.04, magnesium accounts for 0.04, sulphur accounts for 0.12; Chelating attitude copper accounts for 0.04, manganese accounts for 0.07, zinc accounts for 0.07, iron accounts for 0.08, boron accounts for 0.07 and molybdenum accounts for 0.03, root-growing agent accounts for 0.00006, promoter accounts for 0.09, antitranspirant accounts for 0.000018.
The beneficial features that this implementation method makes water conservation fertilizer is: the water keeping fertilizer water-absorbent is good, and has improved salt tolerance; Cations is higher in the water conservation fertilizer, and is bigger to the soil adhesive effect, and it is better to be applied to the sandy soil effect, can improve lean soil, reduce soil erosion, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, improves crop yield and improves quality of agricultural product.
Example 5
The preparation of the first step hydroscopic high-molecular resin
(1) configuration 15% potassium hydroxide solution dilutes acrylic acid solution with it, and with ammonia soln regulator solution pH value between 6-7, degree of neutralization 75%;
(2) in vinylformic acid: acrylamide: cationic monomer DMC: linking agent is 4: 6: 0.037: 0.005 ratio, in the later acrylic acid solution of neutralization, add acrylamide, cationic monomer, linking agent successively, and nitrogen protection is heating and stirring down;
Add 15% ammonium persulfate solution when (3) system (2) temperature rises to 45 ℃ of left and right sides.Wherein the ammonium persulphate quality accounts for 0.24% of monomer total mass, and makes that total monomer is 17% in the whole reaction system.Continue heated and stirred, polymerization temperature is controlled at 70-90 ℃, and reaction times 15min had both got the transparent gel-form hydroscopic high-molecular resin;
The preparation of the second step water conservation fertilizer
The above-mentioned water-keeping gel that makes is moved in the open container, adding distil water, and add the chelating nutrient ions preparation of taking root, its quality is 8% of a water-absorbing resin reaction monomers total mass, reaction is stirred and is made it abundant imbibition, further crosslinking reaction takes place in chelating ion subparticipation polymkeric substance, and nutritive substance enters into the polymer network system.Move in the baking oven after stirring 2h, 80 ℃ of freeze-day with constant temperature 24h, and section pulverize, and have both got finished product.
The fertile finished product of water conservation: nitrogen accounts for that 0.05-0.1, phosphorus account for 0.05-0.1, potassium accounts for 0.05-0.1; Calcium accounts for that 0.05-0.1, magnesium account for 0.05-0.1, sulphur accounts for 0.15-0.3; Chelating attitude copper accounts for that 0.05-0.1, manganese account for that 0.08-0.2, zinc account for that 0.08-0.2, iron account for that 0.09-0.2, boron account for that 0.08-0.2 and molybdenum account for that 0.028-0.1, root-growing agent account for 0.00006, promoter accounts for 0.012, antitranspirant accounts for 0.00002.
The beneficial features that this implementation method makes water conservation fertilizer is: improved non-ionic monomer content in the polymkeric substance, rate of water absorption improves, and salt resistant character is good, and water absorbing properties is good repeatedly, and the usage period is long; Preparation technology simplifies, and contains various nutrient elements and plant-growth regulator, uses the saltings, soil desertification improved effect is remarkable.
Claims (11)
1. a water keeping fertilizer is characterized in that, described water keeping fertilizer is by cationic super absorbent resin of 90-99wt% and composite the making of 1-10wt% chelating attitude nutritive medium, and wherein wt is dry weight than indication weight.
2. water keeping fertilizer preparation method, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described water keeping fertilizer be Acrylic Acid Monomer is partly neutralized with potassium hydroxide solution after, regulate the pH value between the 4-9 with ammoniacal liquor, add acrylamide, cation compound, linking agent, initiator then successively, in reactor, constantly stir, under the nitrogen protection, carry out rapid reaction, make cationic super absorbent resin at last; Then the cationic super absorbent resin of 90-99wt% is mixed composite, drying and moulding with 1-10wt% chelating attitude nutritive medium.
3. according to the described water keeping fertilizer preparation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the described cationic super absorbent resin, form multipolymer by vinylformic acid, acrylamide, cation compound, the shared mass percent of each monomer is respectively vinylformic acid 5-40wt%, acrylamide 5-40wt%, cationic monomer 0.01-5wt%, deionized water are surplus.
4. according to the described water keeping fertilizer preparation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the described cationic super absorbent resin, in and conditioning agent potassium hydroxide and Acrylic Acid Monomer mass ratio be that 1.5-3 and ammonia volume are 1-12ml, making degree of neutralization is 75-80%.
5. according to the described water keeping fertilizer preparation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that, linking agent in the described cationic super absorbent resin is N, a kind of in N-methylene-bisacrylamide and two methacryloyl polyoxyethylenes, ethylenebis acrylamide, glycidyl acrylate, the a-glycidyl methacrylate, consumption is 0.005-0.010wt%.
6. according to the described water keeping fertilizer preparation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that in the described cationic High hydrophilous resin, initiator is oxidation-reduction type material persulphate-S-WAT, the initiator of ammonium persulphate or Potassium Persulphate is that its consumption of persulphate-S-WAT of oxidation-reduction type material is 0.025-, 0.032wt%.
7. according to the described water keeping fertilizer preparation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that described cation compound is methylacryoyloxyethyl trimethylammonium ammonia chloride, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, acrylyl oxy-ethyl-trimethyl salmiac or diethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
8. according to the described water keeping fertilizer preparation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that in the described chelating attitude nutritive medium, the shared mass percent of each composition: nitrogen accounts for that 0.2-2wt%, phosphorus account for 0.2-1.5wt%, potassium accounts for 0.2-5wt%; Calcium accounts for that 0.2-2.wt%, magnesium account for 0.2-2.5wt%, sulphur accounts for 0.8-5wt%; Chelating attitude copper accounts for 0.2-1.2wt%, manganese and accounts for 0.3-1wt%, zinc and account for 0.3-3wt%, iron and account for 0.4-3wt%, boron and account for 0.3-2wt% and molybdenum and account for 0.1-0.8wt%, root-growing agent and account for 0.0003-0.038wt%, promoter and account for that 0.6-11wt%, antitranspirant account for 0.00011-0.054wt%, deionized water is a kind of nutritive medium of surplus.
9. according to the described water keeping fertilizer preparation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that described root-growing agent is: one or more in indolebutyric acid, indolylacetic acid, α-Nai Yisuan, the forulic acid; Each component content accounts for the 0.0003-0.038wt% of chelating attitude nutritive medium total amount.
10. according to the described water keeping fertilizer preparation method of claim 2, it is characterized in that described promoter is the 0.1-2.5wt% organic acid that accounts for chelating attitude nutritive medium total amount: xanthohumic acid or amino acid and the organic amine that accounts for the 0.1-4.5wt% of chelating attitude nutritive medium total amount: one or more compositions in EDTA, trolamine, triethylamine, polyethylene polyamine, the quadrol.
11., it is characterized in that described antitranspirant is one or more in dormin, the anti-kinetin material according to the described water keeping fertilizer preparation method of claim 2, content accounts for the 0.00011-0.054wt% of chelating attitude nutritive medium total amount.
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