CN103875498A - Method for planting malus halliana - Google Patents
Method for planting malus halliana Download PDFInfo
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- CN103875498A CN103875498A CN201410083848.5A CN201410083848A CN103875498A CN 103875498 A CN103875498 A CN 103875498A CN 201410083848 A CN201410083848 A CN 201410083848A CN 103875498 A CN103875498 A CN 103875498A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting malus halliana. The method comprises the steps of seedbed preparation, cutting selection, a cuttage method, seedling management, field transplanting, field management, pruning, shaping and harvesting. The method for planting the malus halliana is low in planting cost and low in investment risk, the survival rate is high after transplanting, growing vigour of plants is strong, the cultivation period is short, high technological practicality is achieved, and the method is suitable for large-area popularization and planting. Meanwhile, compared with a traditional planting method, the flowering time is eight to ten days earlier, the flowering phase is prolonged by 15 days to 20 days, the flowering number is increased, the enjoying effect of the malus halliana is effectively improved, good foundations are provided for improving the manual large-scale planting of the malus halliana and enhancing product competitiveness, and good economic benefits and social benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to growing and cultivation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method of hall crabapple flower.
Background technology
Hall crabapple flower is rose family Malus deciduous tree, is important ornamental tree species, and all there is cultivation various places, are mainly distributed in the ground such as Shaanxi, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Yunnan.It is lightly seasoned, bitter, property is put down, its flower is used as medicine, there is effect of regulating menstruation and activating blood, being used for treatment spits blood, hematuria, have blood in stool, traumatic injury, the diseases such as fracture, dying Malus spectabilis also has certain edible function, its fruit is sour-sweet edible, can be made into preserved fruit, at food, in health products, consumption is very big, especially in recent years, people's life improved greatly, the demand of hall crabapple flower is also in continuous increase, under normal circumstances, the method of breeding hall crabapple flower mainly contains plant division, grafting, press strip, the methods such as cuttage, plant division is between March in spring, to sprout from maternal plant rhizosphere side the seedling to separate and transplant gently, adopt the method for plant division and grafting to breed, survival rate is higher, but if implant mass, the maternal plant and the stock quantity that need are more, and after transplanting or grafting, the individual difference of hall crabapple flower is larger, affect its appreciation effect, simultaneously, the time of cultivating is longer, the manpower dropping into, material resources, financial resources are larger.Therefore, develop that a kind of cultivation period is short, cost of investment is low, survival rate is high, investment risk is little, the cultivation method of the hall crabapple flower of high efficiency, the establishing in large scale that can standardize is desirability.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem existing in background technology, the object of this invention is to provide that a kind of cultivation period is short, cost of investment is low, survival rate is high, investment risk is little, the cultivation method of the hall crabapple flower of high efficiency, the establishing in large scale that can standardize.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and a kind of cultivation method of hall crabapple flower, comprises the following steps:
1. seedbed arranges: select sunny in canopy, loose fertile sand, and reason moisture in the soil growth 8m, the seedbed of wide 1.2m, at the Nutrition Soil of top layer, seedbed paving thick layer 30cm, fertilizer, river sand, leaf mould and garden mould preparation that Nutrition Soil is 1:1:4:4 by ratio;
2. the selection of cutting: select 1～2 year healthy and strong branch of life, start to be cut into from first joint of branch base portion the cutting that length is 5～6cm, 2～4 joints, the wettable carbendazim solution that is 1.5～2% by concentration by the cutting shearing soaks sterilization in 25～30 seconds, the rooting powder solution that is 5～10% by concentration again soaks cuttage seeding 4～6 hours, and soaking depth is 3～5cm;
3. cottage method: the seeding row spacing by 8 × 10cm on seedbed is opened traverse furrow, ditch depth 8～10cm, then cuttage seeding is slightly tilted to lean against on furrow bank, lower end is seated, after cuttage, dig Xin Gou by ditch apart from 10cm, fill and lead up the ditch of the good branch of cuttage with the soil of newly getting, after cuttage, watered the same day, and epiphragma moisturizing, insulation;
4. seedling management: after cuttage in 10 days, should ensure that canopy temperature is at 18～27 DEG C, 20～25 DEG C of ground temperature, be beneficial to vernalization leafing, after sprouting and coming into leaves, take off film and ventilate, temperature of shed is controlled at 30～35 DEG C, take the thing that shelters from heat or light and shelter from heat or light, when cuttage seeding is taken root while growing to 20～25cm, natural hardening 8～10 days;
5. field-transplanting: select fertile soil, loose, sunny, the gradient is the sand of 8～10 °, plays cave transplanting in annual spring or autumn by the seeding row spacing of 1 × 1m, executes microbial organic fertilizer as base manure, transplants fine earth on bonnet and passes the winter;
6. field management: intertill every year the weeding of digging after transplanting, weeding 1～2 time, should monthly impose once thin cake fertilizer water in the annual season of growth, imposes once quick-acting phosphate fertilizer in the time of existing bud, during flower bud differentiation, imposes continuously quick-acting phosphate fertilizer 2～3 times;
7. Pruning and rectifying: every year after hall crabapple flower is being spent and resting stage, cut short long branch and growth-promoting side shoot with secateurs;
8. gather: after blossom fall, should pluck in time young fruit, saving nutrient favourable coming year increases the number of blooming.
With cultivation method plantation hall crabapple flower of the present invention; planting cost is low; investment risk is little; after transplanting, survival rate is high; the growing way of plant is strong; the cycle of cultivating is short, and technical application is strong, is suitable for spread plantation; simultaneously compared with traditional implantation methods; flowering time has shifted to an earlier date 8～10 days, longer blooming period 15～20 days, the quantity of blooming increases; effectively raise the appreciation effect of hall crabapple flower; for improve hall crabapple flower manual scale planting, strengthen product competitiveness, have laid a good foundation, there is good economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but never in any form the present invention is limited, any conversion or the replacement done based on training centre of the present invention, and all embodiment belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The hall crabapple flower that the present invention cultivates adopts the breeding method of cuttage.
embodiment 1:
A cultivation method for hall crabapple flower, comprises the following steps:
1. seedbed arranges: select sunny in canopy, loose fertile sand, and reason moisture in the soil growth 8m, the seedbed of wide 1.2m, at the Nutrition Soil of top layer, seedbed paving thick layer 30cm, fertilizer, river sand, leaf mould, garden mould preparation that Nutrition Soil is 1:1:4:4 by ratio;
2. the selection of cutting: select life in 1～2 year to grow the healthy and strong branch without bud without damage by disease and insect, axillalry bud, start to be cut into from first joint of branch base portion the cutting that length is 5cm, 2 joints, the cutting shearing is soaked to sterilization in 25 seconds with 750 times of 50% wettable carbendazim solution, the rooting powder solution that is 5～10% by concentration again soaks cuttage seeding 4 hours, and soaking depth is 3～5cm;
3. cottage method: on the seedbed of putting in order, open traverse furrow by the seeding row spacing of 8 × 10cm, ditch depth 8～10cm, then cuttage seeding is slightly tilted to lean against on furrow bank, 75～85 ° of gradients, lower end is seated, after cuttage, dig Xin Gou by ditch apart from 10cm again, fill and lead up the ditch of the good branch of cuttage with the soil of newly getting, after cuttage, watered the same day, and epiphragma moisturizing, insulation;
4. seedling management: after cuttage, 10 days planted agents ensure that temperature of shed is at 18 DEG C, after sprouting and coming into leaves, takes off film and ventilates, and temperature of shed is controlled at 30 DEG C, when cuttage seeding is taken root while growing to 20～25cm, and natural conditions lower refining seedling 8 days;
5. field-transplanting: select fertile soil, loose, sunny, the gradient is the sand of 8～10 °, plays cave transplanting in annual spring or autumn by the seeding row spacing of 1 × 1m, executes microbial organic fertilizer as base manure, transplants fine earth on bonnet and passes the winter;
6. field management: carry out every year intertill and clean tillage after transplanting, weeding 1～2 time, should monthly impose once thin cake fertilizer water in the annual season of growth, in the time of existing bud, impose once quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, during flower bud differentiation, impose continuously quick-acting phosphate fertilizer 2 ~ 3 times, as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate adds 0.1% urea mixed solution, in order to promote completing of flower bud differentiation; Before sprouting to spring after fall foliage, should stop topdressing;
7. Pruning and rectifying: every year after hall crabapple flower is being spent and resting stage, it is poor and with damage by disease and insect, withered branch to cut short long branch and cut off growing way with secateurs;
8. gather: after blossom fall, should pluck in time young fruit, saving nutrient favourable coming year increases the number of blooming.
Adopt the hall crabapple flower of above-described embodiment 1 cultivation method plantation, cultivation period is short, transplanting survival rate reaches 90%, compare with conventional implantation methods, flowering time has shifted to an earlier date 8 days, longer blooming period 15 days, the quantity of blooming of each spray increases 1, and robust plant, plant type is more beautiful, has higher ornamental value.
embodiment 2:
A cultivation method for hall crabapple flower, comprises the following steps:
1. seedbed arranges: select sunny in canopy, loose fertile sand, and reason moisture in the soil growth 8m, the seedbed of wide 1.2m, at the Nutrition Soil of top layer, seedbed paving thick layer 30cm, fertilizer, river sand, leaf mould, garden mould preparation that Nutrition Soil is 1:1:4:4 by ratio;
2. the selection of cutting: select life in 1～2 year to grow the healthy and strong branch without bud without damage by disease and insect, axillalry bud, start to be cut into from first joint of branch base portion the cutting that length is 5cm, 3 joints, the cutting shearing is soaked to sterilization in 28 seconds with 750 times of 50% wettable carbendazim solution, the rooting powder solution that is 5～10% by concentration again soaks cuttage seeding 5 hours, and soaking depth is 3～5cm;
3. cottage method: on the seedbed of putting in order, open traverse furrow by the seeding row spacing of 8 × 10cm, ditch depth 8～10cm, then cuttage seeding is slightly tilted to lean against on furrow bank, 75～85 ° of gradients, lower end is seated, after cuttage, dig Xin Gou by ditch apart from 10cm again, fill and lead up the ditch of the good branch of cuttage with the soil of newly getting, after cuttage, watered the same day, and epiphragma moisturizing, insulation;
4. seedling management: after cuttage, 10 days planted agents ensure that temperature of shed is at 23 DEG C, after sprouting and coming into leaves, takes off film and ventilates, and temperature of shed is controlled at 33 DEG C, when cuttage seeding is taken root while growing to 20～25cm, and natural conditions lower refining seedling 9 days;
5. field-transplanting: select fertile soil, loose, sunny, the gradient is the sand of 8～10 °, plays cave transplanting in annual spring or autumn by the seeding row spacing of 1 × 1m, executes microbial organic fertilizer as base manure, transplants fine earth on bonnet and passes the winter;
6. field management: carry out every year intertill and clean tillage after transplanting, weeding 1～2 time, should monthly impose once thin cake fertilizer water in the annual season of growth, in the time of existing bud, impose once quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, during flower bud differentiation, impose continuously quick-acting phosphate fertilizer 2 ~ 3 times, as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate adds 0.1% urea mixed solution, in order to promote completing of flower bud differentiation; Before sprouting to spring after fall foliage, should stop topdressing;
7. Pruning and rectifying: every year after hall crabapple flower is being spent and resting stage, it is poor and with damage by disease and insect, withered branch to cut short long branch and cut off growing way with secateurs;
8. gather: after blossom fall, should pluck in time young fruit, saving nutrient favourable coming year increases the number of blooming.
Adopt the hall crabapple flower of above-described embodiment 2 cultivation method plantations, cultivation period is short, transplanting survival rate reaches 93%, compare with conventional implantation methods, flowering time has shifted to an earlier date 9 days, longer blooming period 18 days, the quantity of blooming of each spray increases 2, and robust plant, plant type is more beautiful, has higher ornamental value.
embodiment 3:
A cultivation method for hall crabapple flower, comprises the following steps:
1. seedbed arranges: select sunny in canopy, loose fertile sand, and reason moisture in the soil growth 8m, the seedbed of wide 1.2m, at the Nutrition Soil of top layer, seedbed paving thick layer 30cm, fertilizer, river sand, leaf mould, garden mould preparation that Nutrition Soil is 1:1:4:4 by ratio;
2. the selection of cutting: select life in 1～2 year to grow the healthy and strong branch without bud without damage by disease and insect, axillalry bud, start to be cut into from first joint of branch base portion the cutting that length is 6cm, 4 joints, the cutting shearing is soaked to sterilization in 30 seconds with 750 times of 50% wettable carbendazim solution, the rooting powder solution that is 5～10% by concentration again soaks cuttage seeding 6 hours, and soaking depth is 3～5cm;
3. cottage method: on the seedbed of putting in order, open traverse furrow by the seeding row spacing of 8 × 10cm, ditch depth 8～10cm, then cuttage seeding is slightly tilted to lean against on furrow bank, 75～85 ° of gradients, lower end is seated, after cuttage, dig Xin Gou by ditch apart from 10cm again, fill and lead up the ditch of the good branch of cuttage with the soil of newly getting, after cuttage, watered the same day, and epiphragma moisturizing, insulation;
4. seedling management: after cuttage, 10 days planted agents ensure that temperature of shed is at 27 DEG C, after sprouting and coming into leaves, takes off film and ventilates, and temperature of shed is controlled at 35 DEG C, when cuttage seeding is taken root while growing to 20～25cm, and natural conditions lower refining seedling 10 days;
5. field-transplanting: select fertile soil, loose, sunny, the gradient is the sand of 8～10 °, plays cave transplanting in annual spring or autumn by the seeding row spacing of 1 × 1m, executes microbial organic fertilizer as base manure, transplants fine earth on bonnet and passes the winter;
6. field management: carry out every year intertill and clean tillage after transplanting, weeding 1～2 time, should monthly impose once thin cake fertilizer water in the annual season of growth, in the time of existing bud, impose once quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, during flower bud differentiation, impose continuously quick-acting phosphate fertilizer 2 ~ 3 times, as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate adds 0.1% urea mixed solution, in order to promote completing of flower bud differentiation; Before sprouting to spring after fall foliage, should stop topdressing;
7. Pruning and rectifying: every year after hall crabapple flower is being spent and resting stage, it is poor and with damage by disease and insect, withered branch to cut short long branch and cut off growing way with secateurs;
8. gather: after blossom fall, should pluck in time young fruit, saving nutrient favourable coming year increases the number of blooming.
Adopt the hall crabapple flower of above-described embodiment 3 cultivation method plantations, cultivation period is short, transplanting survival rate reaches 95%, compare with conventional implantation methods, flowering time has shifted to an earlier date 10 days, longer blooming period 20 days, the quantity of blooming of each spray increases 2, and robust plant, plant type is more beautiful, has higher ornamental value.
Claims (1)
1. a cultivation method for hall crabapple flower, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1. seedbed arranges: select sunny in canopy, loose fertile sand, the seedbed of reason moisture in the soil growth 8m, wide 1.2m, at the Nutrition Soil of top layer, seedbed paving thick layer 30cm, fertilizer, river sand, leaf mould and garden mould preparation that Nutrition Soil is 1:1:4:4 by ratio;
2. the selection of cutting: select 1～2 year healthy and strong branch of life, start to be cut into from first joint of branch base portion the cutting that length is 5～6cm, 2～4 joints, the wettable carbendazim solution that is 1.5～2% by concentration by the cutting shearing soaks sterilization in 25～30 seconds, the rooting powder solution that is 5～10% by concentration again soaks cuttage seeding 4～6 hours, and soaking depth is 3～5cm;
3. cottage method: the seeding row spacing by 8 × 10cm on seedbed is opened traverse furrow, ditch depth 8～10cm, then cuttage seeding is slightly tilted to lean against on furrow bank, lower end is seated, after cuttage, dig Xin Gou by ditch apart from 10cm, fill and lead up the ditch of the good branch of cuttage with the soil of newly getting, after cuttage, watered the same day, and epiphragma moisturizing, insulation;
4. seedling management: after cuttage, 10 days planted agents ensure that temperature of shed is at 18～27 DEG C, after sprouting and coming into leaves, takes off film and ventilates, and temperature of shed is controlled at 30～35 DEG C, when cuttage seeding is taken root while growing to 20～25cm, and natural conditions lower refining seedling 8～10 days;
5. field-transplanting: select fertile soil, loose, sunny, the gradient is the sand of 8～10 °, plays cave transplanting in annual spring or autumn by the seeding row spacing of 1 × 1m, executes microbial organic fertilizer as base manure, transplants fine earth on bonnet and passes the winter;
6. field management: intertill every year the weeding of digging after transplanting, weeding 1～2 time, should monthly impose once thin cake fertilizer water in the annual season of growth, imposes once quick-acting phosphate fertilizer in the time of existing bud, during flower bud differentiation, imposes continuously quick-acting phosphate fertilizer 2～3 times;
7. Pruning and rectifying: every year after hall crabapple flower is being spent and resting stage, cut short long branch and growth-promoting side shoot with secateurs;
8. gather: after blossom fall, should pluck in time young fruit, saving nutrient favourable coming year increases the number of blooming.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285630A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2015-01-21 | 张山乡林果协会 | Chinese cherry apple transplanting technology |
| CN104663352A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-03 | 苏州高新区华峰苗木园 | Method for pruning Malus halliana |
| CN104686331A (en) * | 2015-02-21 | 2015-06-10 | 杨业云 | Tissue culture and rapid propagation method for malus halliana |
| CN105075783A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽荣鸿农业开发股份有限公司 | Forcing culture method of filamental flowering crab |
| CN105794571A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-07-27 | 苏州星火园艺科技开发中心 | Efficient cultivation method for crabapple |
| CN106258348A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | A kind of method improving sub-U.S. Liriodendron chinense cuttage survival rate |
| CN106508561A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-22 | 界首市众建家庭农场 | Method for prolonging flowering phase of North American begonia |
| CN107155758A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of method for improving hall crabapple flower survival rate and growth potential |
| CN107182675A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving North American begonia survival rate |
| CN107197735A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-26 | 宁国市仙之居家庭农场 | The root segment cuttage planting method of Rubus chingii |
| CN107771674A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-09 | 佴辉 | Hall crabapple flower breeding method and its florescence control method |
| CN108668656A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-19 | 金春兰 | A kind of hall crabapple flower cuttage breeding method |
| CN108738775A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 威信农耕文化产业开发有限公司 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of North American begonia |
| CN108812037A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-16 | 南京林业大学 | Malus spectabilis grafting field planting method |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285630A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2015-01-21 | 张山乡林果协会 | Chinese cherry apple transplanting technology |
| CN104285630B (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-05-11 | 张山乡林果协会 | A kind of Malus spectabilis transplantation technique |
| CN104686331A (en) * | 2015-02-21 | 2015-06-10 | 杨业云 | Tissue culture and rapid propagation method for malus halliana |
| CN104663352A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-03 | 苏州高新区华峰苗木园 | Method for pruning Malus halliana |
| CN105075783A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽荣鸿农业开发股份有限公司 | Forcing culture method of filamental flowering crab |
| CN105794571A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-07-27 | 苏州星火园艺科技开发中心 | Efficient cultivation method for crabapple |
| CN106258348A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2017-01-04 | 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 | A kind of method improving sub-U.S. Liriodendron chinense cuttage survival rate |
| CN106508561A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-22 | 界首市众建家庭农场 | Method for prolonging flowering phase of North American begonia |
| CN107155758A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of method for improving hall crabapple flower survival rate and growth potential |
| CN107182675A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving North American begonia survival rate |
| CN107197735A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-26 | 宁国市仙之居家庭农场 | The root segment cuttage planting method of Rubus chingii |
| CN107771674A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-09 | 佴辉 | Hall crabapple flower breeding method and its florescence control method |
| CN108668656A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-19 | 金春兰 | A kind of hall crabapple flower cuttage breeding method |
| CN108738775A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 威信农耕文化产业开发有限公司 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of North American begonia |
| CN108812037A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-16 | 南京林业大学 | Malus spectabilis grafting field planting method |
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