CN103598063A - Ex-situ protection method of big trees of Populus euphratica - Google Patents
Ex-situ protection method of big trees of Populus euphratica Download PDFInfo
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- CN103598063A CN103598063A CN201310589621.3A CN201310589621A CN103598063A CN 103598063 A CN103598063 A CN 103598063A CN 201310589621 A CN201310589621 A CN 201310589621A CN 103598063 A CN103598063 A CN 103598063A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ex-situ protection method of big trees of Populus euphratica. The method includes the steps of A, selecting seedling lifting time, namely lifting seedlings in 30 days before sprouting of buds of Populus euphratica; B, performing roots protection before transplanting; C, trimming before transplanting; D, treating roots before transplanting; E, treating and improving soil; F, promoting growth of roots after transplanting; G, performing transpiration prevention after transplanting; H, performing controlled irrigation and mulching. The ex-situ protection method of big trees of Populus euphratica has the advantages that the roots of Populus euphratica can be protected effectively, survival rate of Populus euphratica is ensured, the trees of Populus euphratica can survive fast and recover growth after transplanting, and the worldwide problem that the big trees of Populus euphratica are difficult to transplant in extreme continental arid climate is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in situ conservation method of trees, particularly relate to the in situ conservation method of the large tree of a kind of diversiform-leaved poplar.
Background technology
Diversiform-leaved poplar (formal name used at school: Populus euphratica Oliv.), claim again poon (< < Chinese book > >), hero tree, different leaf diversiform-leaved poplar, cotton tree, water paulownia, three leaf trees, it is a Plants of Salicaceae Populus diversiform-leaved poplar subgenus, there is heat resistanceheat resistant, cold-resistant, anti-blown sand, anti-saline and alkaline, drought resisting and anti-barren characteristic, have " raw and thousand not dead; dead and do not fall for thousand, fall and thousand immortal " good reputation.
Diversiform-leaved poplar is unique primary arbor species that are grown in desert, and very precious, can with have the ginkgo of the title of " plant living fossil " to compare favourably, diversiform-leaved poplar is Tethys composition, the ancient seeds of the 3rd century remnants, just existence on earth before more than 6,000 ten thousand years.
Diversiform-leaved poplar vertical root can reach underground 20m; lateral root can reach nearly hundred meters; foundation portion capillary Gent is not few; natural modes of reproduction be take root germinating seedling as main; lifting cannot be with Tu Tuo, and therefore, diversiform-leaved poplar big tree transplanting is difficulty very; all the time, the in situ conservation of the large tree of diversiform-leaved poplar is all the global problem in the wooden field of name.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of transplanting method that can effectively improve and guarantee the large tree of diversiform-leaved poplar of survival rate.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the in situ conservation method of the large tree of a kind of diversiform-leaved poplar, described in situ conservation method comprises the steps: A, selects the lifting time: the lifting time is in diversiform-leaved poplar bud sprout before the time 30 days; Root protection before B, transplanting: plant pit diameter is 1.2～3 times of reservation root system diameter when lifting, and retains place soil on root system; Then by neat mouthful of sawed-off one-tenth for root system, and smear sealing compound, root system wrap up to the maintenance diversiform-leaved poplar moisture of protecting and spray water simultaneously; C, the shearing procedure before transplanting: before planting, splitting root, long are wiped out; And keeping that diversiform-leaved poplar is tree-like, in tree crown situation, remove water sprout, sick branch, and cut a bar and remain into second branch, smear sealing compound pruning wound; Root before D, transplanting is processed: diversiform-leaved poplar root is sprayed to root-inducing powder, and on diversiform-leaved poplar axial root system, carry out cut, cut length is 5～20cm, and the degree of depth of cut is 0.5～3cm left and right; The processing of E, soil and improvement: probio fertilizer, turfy soil, aeolian sandy soil are mixed as planting soil, when planting in planting hole; After F, transplanting, promote root growth: after planting, combination is watered and uses taking root liquid to carry out root pouring; G, the transpiration of transplanting rear defence: diversiform-leaved poplar tree body is sprayed to transpiration inhibitor; H, Limiting Irrigation and overlay film: water after sufficient normal root water, with mulch film overlay tree cave.
Preferably, in the root treatment step before described transplanting, the planting soil of changing in planting hole while planting comprises that weight ratio is probio fertilizer, turfy soil, the aeolian sandy soil of 0.2～1.5:2～4.5:4～10.
Preferably, after diversiform-leaved poplar is planted 20～50 days, at diversiform-leaved poplar root, use for the first time root power, root power is used at interval for the second time after 20～50 days.
Preferably, within after plastic mulching plant pit 1～2 month, open mulch film, water and use after root power, carry out overlay film for the second time.
Preferably, after diversiform-leaved poplar is planted, diversiform-leaved poplar, adopt air partition to carry out enclosing protection around, the opening Chaoyang that encloses region of air partition.
Based on technique scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
By in situ conservation method of the present invention, can effectively protect the root system of diversiform-leaved poplar, guarantee the survival rate of diversiform-leaved poplar, and make diversiform-leaved poplar after transplanting, can survive rapidly and recover growth.Solved in extreme continent arid climate environment the global problem of diversiform-leaved poplar transplanting big tree.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
1, the selection of lifting time: the lifting time of the present invention is in diversiform-leaved poplar bud sprout before the time 30 days; According to the relevant phenology Research Literature of diversiform-leaved poplar, show, the diversiform-leaved poplar bud of Northern Hemisphere China is sprouted generally in left and right on March 24, blooms in the first tenday period of a month in early April to May, simultaneously in conjunction with growing environment and the local climate condition of diversiform-leaved poplar, in the present embodiment, at the beginning of the lifting time is scheduled to 3 months.
2, the root protection before transplanting: the present invention's plant pit diameter when lifting is 1.2～3 times of reservation root system diameter, and retains place soil on root system; Then by neat mouthful of sawed-off one-tenth for root system, and smear sealing compound, root system wrap up to the maintenance diversiform-leaved poplar moisture of protecting and spray water simultaneously.
Generally speaking, plant absorption moisture and nutrient are mainly by capillary root.For guaranteeing that capillary root exempts from destruction, transplanting the most frequently used method of large tree is that trees band Tu Tuo is transplanted.Because diversiform-leaved poplar soil for growth mostly is sandy soil, foundation portion capillary root is few, during lifting, cannot be with Tu Tuo, and therefore, the protection of axial root system is a vital ring in diversiform-leaved poplar transplanting big tree.
In the present invention, the reservation of diversiform-leaved poplar the diameter range of being completely cured is 1.2～1.5m, and, in this enforcement, when lifting, plant pit diameter is to retain 2 times of root system diameter, and many reservation place soil as far as possible on root system, then by the neat mouth of sawed-off one-tenth for root system, can not split a mouthful appearance, smear in time sealing compound.Root system is wrapped up and protects and spray water simultaneously.In trees transportation, especially haul distance is far away, during fortune duration, must cover and timely and appropriate discovery water spray tree body, to guarantee that diversiform-leaved poplar moisture is not run off comprehensively.
3, the shearing procedure before transplanting: preferably, this step also comprises that root is pruned and tree body is pruned.
Wherein, root is trimmed to: diversiform-leaved poplar inevitably will damage some tree roots in handling and long-distance transportation process, before planting, the splitting root of tree root damaged portion, long is wiped out.
Tree body is trimmed to: for the diversiform-leaved poplar that makes to plant can survive rapidly and recover growth, keep tree body water metabolism balance, must be divided into row to overground part and prune.Follow tree vigo(u)r equilibrium principle, keeping the basic characteristics of elite tree, do not violating its self-sow rule and keep that diversiform-leaved poplar is tree-like, in tree crown situation, remove water sprout, sick branch, cutting a bar and remain into second branch, smearing sealing compound pruning wound.
4, the root before planting is processed: when diversiform-leaved poplar is planted, the root of diversiform-leaved poplar (for example: the ABT taking root liquid of 1:1500 times of liquid concentration) is sprayed to root-inducing powder, and on diversiform-leaved poplar axial root system, doing physical damnification processes, diversiform-leaved poplar axial root system is carried out to cut, in the present embodiment, cut is in 10cm left and right, the degree of depth is in 1cm left and right, to promote new root to sprout.
5, soil treatment and improvement: while planting, in planting hole, change planting soil, described planting soil comprises that weight ratio is probio fertilizer, turfy soil, the aeolian sandy soil of 0.2～1.5:2～4.5:4～10, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned weight ratio is preferably probio fertilizer: turfy soil: aeolian sandy soil=1:4:8, and increase the water and fertilizer condition of soil with this.
6, transplant the rear measure that promotes root growth: after planting, combination is watered, and carries out root pouring according to state's light taking root liquid of 1:200 times of liquid concentration.
Further, in Specific construction, be to promote tree body Rapid Rooting, the induction improving activity of root system of living, improves rhizospheric environment, and after diversiform-leaved poplar is planted 20～50 days, at diversiform-leaved poplar root, use for the first time root power, root power is used at interval for the second time after 20～50 days.
In the present embodiment, after diversiform-leaved poplar is planted one month for the first time root use root power No. 2, root power is used No. 2 for the second time in interval after one month, so that the interior driving source of root growth to be provided, promote root system development and Xin Gen to sprout.
7, bracing frame technology: preferably, according to diversiform-leaved poplar growth district wind strong wind climatic characteristic frequently, need diversiform-leaved poplar tree body to build four jiaos of bracing frames after planting, to keep the stability of diversiform-leaved poplar tree body.
8, anti-Transpiration: diversiform-leaved poplar tree body is sprayed to transpiration inhibitor (transpiration inhibitor and water are according to the dilution proportion of 1:50), can reduce plant leaf blade transpiration rate thus, reduce the water loss of tree body, keep tree body water balance, strengthen the ability of Genes For Plant Tolerance dry-hot wind.Early summer high temperature weather sprays diversiform-leaved poplar tree body, both can reduce tree temperature, avoids high temperature to burn, and can also improve diversiform-leaved poplar periphery microenvironment, supply diversiform-leaved poplar tree body moisture.
These measures of planting are the important means that guarantee diversiform-leaved poplar in situ conservation transplant survival.Also can be aided with tree body is wound around straw rope, sets the routine techniques such as garter liquid greatly, to guarantee the normal growth of diversiform-leaved poplar tree body simultaneously.
9, Limiting Irrigation and film coating technique: diversiform-leaved poplar grows in extreme continent arid climate environment, and the soil matrix of growth is sandy soil.A large amount of pourings can cause diversiform-leaved poplar disease to take place frequently, and even can cause the root system can not be newborn, causes transplanting and can not survive.After watering at least 2 or 3 normal root water of foot, diversiform-leaved poplar with mulch film overlay tree cave, to reach, improves the gentle effect that prevents soil water evaporation in ground.Within after plastic mulching plant pit 1～2 month, open mulch film, water and use after root power, carry out overlay film for the second time.
In the present embodiment, in mid-April, open mulch film, again water and water root power, and carrying out plastic mulching for the second time.According to the growing state of diversiform-leaved poplar, First Year in earlier stage waters and watered once by 15 days, and to guarantee that diversiform-leaved poplar has enough moisture to sprout, be 1 month the interval of watering after August, and soil must water foot before freeze-up and froze water winter, and carried out overlay film.Second Year diversiform-leaved poplar growth is basicly stable, water and thaw after water, interval after one month again pouring once, the interval of watering be afterwards March once, prolongation watering time that can be suitable according to local precipitation event.Total principle is guaranteeing that diversiform-leaved poplar grows under enough moisture condition, does not water.
10, fall wind, heat, moisturizing technology:, wind large for diversiform-leaved poplar growth district wind frequently, extremely dry, cold stern climate feature.After diversiform-leaved poplar is planted and adopt air partition to carry out enclosing protection the May in annual November to the coming year, air partition enclose the little and Chaoyang of region opening, appropriateness is wanted in enclosing space, can not be excessive, can not be too little.Form Partial little climate, can effectively prevent that diversiform-leaved poplar from taking out the tip, freezing the tip, improved relative temperature, the humidity in region, this is to guarantee that diversiform-leaved poplar is planted to survive and the important technique measure of safe overwintering.
Embodiment 2:
Bu Qi desert, storehouse is Chinese the seventh-largest desert, is distributed in Hangjin Banner, Dalate Banner and the Jungar Banner of Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from West to East, and form be take chain of sand dunes and latticed dune as main.Zone leveling annual precipitation is less than 100mm, and year evaporation discharge is more than 2700mm, and evaporation discharge is 20 times more than of rainfall, aridity 4, and annual mean wind speed 3m/s～4m/s, Windy Days >=35d, soil is aeolian sandy soil.Bu Qi desert, storehouse there is no the pertinent literature of diversiform-leaved poplar spontaneous growth and records.
The enforcement region of the present embodiment is its desert area of storehouse cloth.By investigating diversiform-leaved poplar Phenological Characteristics and growing environment in early stage; in conjunction with local climate and environmental condition; before in situ conservation, done detailed careful transplanting prediction scheme; while planting, in strict accordance with technique scheme of the present invention, plant; after planting, diversiform-leaved poplar is carried out to careful maintenance and degeneration-resistant, safeguard procedures; guaranteed that 8 diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 20cm diversiform-leaved poplars all survive in the Bu Qi desert, storehouse of planting, this is domestic large footpath first level diversiform-leaved poplar in situ conservation successful case.
Within 2011, diversiform-leaved poplar is transplanted to well-grown behind Bu Qi desert, storehouse, and within 2012, diversiform-leaved poplar starts to bloom but seldom solid, and within 2013, diversiform-leaved poplar starts to blossom and bear fruit in a large number, has proved success and the effect of the in situ conservation method of the large tree of diversiform-leaved poplar amply.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention; And not departing from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (5)
1. an in situ conservation method for the large tree of diversiform-leaved poplar, is characterized in that: described in situ conservation method comprises the steps:
A, select the lifting time: the lifting time is in diversiform-leaved poplar bud sprout before the time 30 days;
Root protection before B, transplanting: plant pit diameter is 1.2～3 times of reservation root system diameter when lifting, and retains place soil on root system; Then by neat mouthful of sawed-off one-tenth for root system, and smear sealing compound, root system wrap up to the maintenance diversiform-leaved poplar moisture of protecting and spray water simultaneously;
C, the shearing procedure before transplanting: before planting, splitting root, long are wiped out; And keeping that diversiform-leaved poplar is tree-like, in tree crown situation, remove water sprout, sick branch, and cut a bar and remain into second branch, smear sealing compound pruning wound;
Root before D, transplanting is processed: diversiform-leaved poplar root is sprayed to root-inducing powder, and on diversiform-leaved poplar axial root system, carry out cut, cut length is 5～20cm, and the degree of depth of cut is 0.5～3cm left and right;
The processing of E, soil and improvement: probio fertilizer, turfy soil, aeolian sandy soil are mixed as planting soil, when planting in planting hole;
After F, transplanting, promote root growth: after planting, combination is watered and uses taking root liquid to carry out root pouring;
G, the transpiration of transplanting rear defence: diversiform-leaved poplar tree body is sprayed to transpiration inhibitor;
H, Limiting Irrigation and overlay film: water after sufficient normal root water, with mulch film overlay tree cave.
2. the in situ conservation method of the large tree of diversiform-leaved poplar according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: in the root treatment step before described transplanting, the planting soil of changing in planting hole while planting comprises that weight ratio is probio fertilizer, turfy soil, the aeolian sandy soil of 0.2～1.5:2～4.5:4～10.
3. the in situ conservation method of the large tree of diversiform-leaved poplar according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after diversiform-leaved poplar is planted 20～50 days, at diversiform-leaved poplar root, use for the first time root power, and root power is used at interval for the second time after 20～50 days.
4. the in situ conservation method of the large tree of diversiform-leaved poplar according to claim 1, is characterized in that: within after plastic mulching plant pit 1～2 month, open mulch film, water and use after root power, carry out overlay film for the second time.
5. the in situ conservation method of the large tree of diversiform-leaved poplar according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after diversiform-leaved poplar is planted, diversiform-leaved poplar, adopt air partition to carry out enclosing protection around, the opening Chaoyang that encloses region of air partition.
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| CN105210782A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-01-06 | 安徽广艺园林股份有限公司 | A kind of method preventing ornamental trees and shrubs from transplanting blistering |
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| CN107736180A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-02-27 | 石家庄市神州花卉研究所有限公司 | A kind of wild rhododendron micranthum moves ground implanting and cultivating method |
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| CN113439603A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-09-28 | 黑龙江省林业科学院伊春分院 | Acanthopanax senticosus seedling ex-situ protection method |
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| CN105210782A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-01-06 | 安徽广艺园林股份有限公司 | A kind of method preventing ornamental trees and shrubs from transplanting blistering |
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| CN107736180A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-02-27 | 石家庄市神州花卉研究所有限公司 | A kind of wild rhododendron micranthum moves ground implanting and cultivating method |
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| CN113439603A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-09-28 | 黑龙江省林业科学院伊春分院 | Acanthopanax senticosus seedling ex-situ protection method |
| CN113439603B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2024-04-12 | 黑龙江省林业科学院伊春分院 | Method for protecting acanthopanax seedlings from being in-situ |
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