CN113439603A - Acanthopanax senticosus seedling ex-situ protection method - Google Patents
Acanthopanax senticosus seedling ex-situ protection method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a migration technology of acanthopanax, and particularly provides a method for protecting acanthopanax seedlings in a migration place, which comprises the following steps: lifting seedlings within 15 days before the acanthopanax buds stop growing or sprout; processing the acanthopanax seedlings after seedling emergence; planting the treated seedlings in the soil improved in the ex-situ protected land, ensuring the root systems of the seedlings to be spread in the planting process, returning the soil and treading down, watering enough root fixing water, and covering the planting holes with straws; the improved soil is formed by mixing forest soil, pine needles, moss, a bio-organic fertilizer and rooting powder; and managing the planted acanthopanax. The method effectively protects the diversity of the genetic genes and the species of the acanthopanax senticosus, improves the reserves and the heterogeneity of the acanthopanax senticosus, has great significance for the conservation and the recovery of the resource of the endangered species of the acanthopanax senticosus, better plays the ecological role of the acanthopanax senticosus, effectively protects the ecological safety and maintains the biological diversity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acanthopanax senticosus migration, in particular to a method for protecting acanthopanax senticosus seedlings in a migration place.
Background
Acanthopanax senticosus (Acanthopanax senticosus) is Araliaceae perennial deciduous shrub. Because the wild resource reserves of acanthopanax are low and sharply decrease year by year, the species diversity and genetic diversity are seriously reduced, and great threat is caused to the survival of acanthopanax species. Acanthopanax senticosus is a second-level endangered species in China, important medicinal plants, roots, rhizomes and stems can be used as medicines, have the effects of tonifying qi, invigorating spleen, tonifying kidney and soothing nerves, and are used for treating spleen-lung qi deficiency, body weakness and hypodynamia, inappetence, lung-kidney deficiency, chronic cough and asthma, kidney deficiency, waist and knee soreness, heart-spleen deficiency, insomnia and dreaminess and the like. Modern pharmacological experiments prove that acanthopanax has multiple effects of protecting neurons and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vessels, resisting aging, oxidation and tumors, reducing blood sugar, regulating immunity and the like, and products made of acanthopanax, acanthopanax tablets, acanthopanax drinks and the like taking acanthopanax as a raw material are sold at home and abroad, and the products are in short supply.
The acanthopanax senticosus has very important medicinal value and economic value and is also a part of important forest resources, but due to low self-fertility and species competition in forests, the population quantity of the acanthopanax senticosus is gradually reduced, and natural resources are endangered and exhausted. Survey data of wild Chinese medicinal material reserves in the three provinces of northeast China in the last 80 th century show that the reserves of wild acanthopanax are about 1 million tons, and by the mining and digging of nearly half a century, particularly after 2004, various human activities such as ore mining, road repairing, house building, forest destruction, wasteland exploitation and the like are carried out on a large scale in various places in the three provinces of northeast China, a large number of acanthopanax forest lands are destroyed, part of production areas are completely eliminated, the yield of the wild acanthopanax in the three provinces of northeast China is sharply reduced, according to the estimation of people in the industry, the yield of the wild acanthopanax in the three provinces of northeast China is not more than 500 tons at present, and the situation of continuous reduction of resources is presented. The natural updating period of wild acanthopanax senticosus resources is about more than 10 years, the growth period is long, a large amount of medicinal raw materials cannot be continuously provided, the existing resource protection and recovery work needs to be vigorously carried out, the state has already issued policies for carrying out mandatory protection and alternate collection on wild acanthopanax senticosus resources, and the manual protective cultivation is vigorously advocated. There are many reports related to Acanthopanax senticosus, but there are no reports related to Acanthopanax senticosus in the research of ex situ protection technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an ex-situ protection method for acanthopanax seedlings, which can effectively protect the genetic genes and the diversity of species of acanthopanax, improve the reserve and the heterogeneity of acanthopanax, ensure that high-quality provenance can be continuously provided for production, greatly reduce the waste of wild resources, reduce the production cost, improve the production efficiency, have great significance for the preservation and the recovery of resources of endangered species of acanthopanax, better play the ecological role of acanthopanax, effectively protect the ecological safety and maintain the biological diversity.
The scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for protecting acanthopanax senticosus seedling ex situ comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting seedling raising time:
lifting seedlings within 15 days before the acanthopanax buds stop growing or sprout;
s2, seedling protection before transplanting:
no soil remains on the root system of the sapling when the seedling is lifted; cutting the tail end of each root into a 45-degree inclined plane, smearing quicklime on the cut and sealing;
cutting root systems into 45-degree inclined planes, dipping in 30-40min of rooting powder, smearing and sealing with quicklime, and wrapping the root systems with wet moss;
s3, trimming before transplanting:
before planting, the splitting heel and the overlong root are cut off; then pruning the overground part of the seedling, subtracting the insect-disease branches and overlength branches of the seedling, keeping the length of the overground part of the young tree to be 1.8-2.2cm, leveling the cut, smearing quicklime at the cut, and preserving water for sterilization;
s4, soil improvement and planting:
forest soil, pine needles, moss, bio-organic fertilizer and rooting powder are used as planting soil for being used in planting holes during planting; planting acanthopanax seedlings in the planting soil, ensuring the root systems of the seedlings to be spread in the planting process, returning the soil and treading down;
s5, promoting the growth of root systems: carrying out pouring management on the planted acanthopanax senticosus by rooting powder, pine needle extract and bio-organic fertilizer solution, wherein the total application amount of each hole is 230 plus 270 g; the weight ratio of the rooting powder solution, the pine needle extract and the bio-organic fertilizer solution (a commercial product, adding 250 times of water into the bio-organic fertilizer of fermented chicken manure fruits and vegetables) is 0.5-0.8: 1:100-105.
S6, transpiration prevention after planting:
spraying a transpiration inhibitor on the acanthopanax senticosus seedlings; continuously watering enough root fixing water, and covering the planting holes with the straws;
s7, management:
pouring acanthopanax senticosus in the growing period of acanthopanax senticosus according to the dryness and humidity of soil in the acanthopanax senticosus planting holes, and removing weeds in the planting field regularly.
Preferably, in step S1, during seedling selection, young plants with different ecotypes are selected to grow robustly at the edge of the natural distribution area of the acanthopanax senticosus population, and have complete plants and root systems and no plant diseases and insect pests.
Preferably, in step S2, the seedling is protected: if the seedling has main roots, keeping the root length to be 7-9 cm; then, the tail end of the root is scribed with a shallow mark with the length of 4.5-5.5cm and the depth of 0.18-0.22 cm; if only rootstocks exist in the seedlings, 3 rootstocks and all levels of lateral roots are reserved, the length of the rootstocks is 14-16cm, and scratching operation is not carried out.
Preferably, the mass ratio of each component in the soil after improvement in step S4 is: forest soil: pine needle: moss: b, biological organic fertilizer: the mass ratio of the rooting powder is 5.8-6.2:1.9-2.1:1:0.51-0.52: 0.51-0.52.
Preferably, in S1, the acanthopanax senticosus population to be selected is determined according to different latitudes, altitudes, site types and forest stand types, at least 5 typical populations are selected, and each population collects at least 15 different gene phenotype single acanthopanax senticosus seedlings.
Preferably, the straight line distance between the five spiny trees planted in different populations is more than or equal to 500 m.
Preferably, in step S1, when the acanthopanax senticosus is lifted, the acanthopanax senticosus is selected as follows: the plant height is less than or equal to 60cm, the ground diameter is less than or equal to 1.0cm, and the number of branches is less than or equal to 3.
Preferably, the planting environment of the acanthopanax senticosus is the middle-lower part of the forest stand such as a cold-warm area needle broad mixed forest, a warm-area fallen leaf broad-leaf mixed forest and the like, and the environment of the forest land is as follows: the canopy density is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.4, the slope of the forest land is less than 25 ℃, and the lowest temperature is more than or equal to-38 ℃.
Preferably, the suitable habitat for ex situ protection of acanthopanax is as follows: loose and fertile soil, deep soil layer, micro-acid soil near water source, soil containing humus, and vertical land of sandy soil.
Preferably, in step S3, the thickness of the covering soil is 3.8-4.2cm higher than the ground diameter of the seedlings during planting.
The pine needle extract is a pine needle extract prepared by the inventor. The extraction method of the pine needle extract comprises an ultrasonic auxiliary extraction method. Pulverizing dried folium Pini, adding petroleum ether, ultrasonic treating at 40-45 deg.C for 15min with power of 100W and liquid-material ratio of 10/1(mL/g), extracting for 3-4 times, and mixing extractive solutions. Solid-liquid separation, deslagging, and liquid-phase negative pressure rotary evaporation to remove the solvent to obtain the pine needle extract.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the invention protects the acanthopanax ex-situ protection technology and breaks the situation of zero research on acanthopanax protection and recovery technology. The invention mainly solves the problems of acanthopanax root ex-situ nursery stock selection, protected land selection, a protection mode and protection base establishment. The ex-situ protection technology disclosed by the invention can effectively protect the genetic genes and the variety of the acanthopanax, improve the reserve and the heterogeneity of the acanthopanax, ensure that high-quality provenance can be continuously provided for production, greatly reduce the waste of wild resources, reduce the production cost, improve the production efficiency, have great significance for the resource preservation and recovery of endangered species of the acanthopanax, better play the ecological role of the acanthopanax, and effectively protect the ecological safety and maintain the biological diversity.
The method of the invention can successfully complete the ex-situ protection technical operation of the acanthopanax, ensure the survival and preservation of nursery stocks, provide high-quality nursery stocks for production, simultaneously improve the biological diversity, ensure the safety of an ecosystem and better play the important medicinal and ecological functions of the acanthopanax.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical effects of the present invention, specific examples are given below.
The invention discloses a method for protecting the ex-situ protected land, which is characterized in that the ex-situ protected land is specially set in places similar to the conditions of the primordial climate, soil and organisms (including mycorrhizal fungi, pollinating insects and the like) by selecting natural protection areas, vegetable gardens, tree gardens or other cultivation lands which have complete facilities and good management, and is not interfered and damaged by people, so that the survival and the normal growth of ex-situ protected species are ensured. The acanthopanax root in-place protection suitable habitat is the middle and lower parts of forest stands such as cold-temperate zone coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest, temperate zone deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest and the like, and the environment of the forest land is as follows: the canopy density is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.4, the slope of the forest land is less than 25 degrees, the lowest temperature is more than or equal to-38 ℃, the soil layer is deep, is close to a water source, and the soil is a slightly acidic soil containing humus, namely, the soil and sandy soil.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for protecting acanthopanax senticosus seedlings in a land migration, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting seedling raising time:
the young seedling single plants with robust growth, complete plants and root systems, no plant diseases and insect pests and different ecotypes are selected at the edge of the natural distribution area of the acanthopanax senticosus population. Determining acanthopanax senticosus populations to be selected according to different latitudes, altitudes, site types and forest stand types, selecting 5 typical populations, and collecting 15 different gene phenotype single acanthopanax senticosus seedlings for each population. When the acanthopanax buds stop growing, seedlings are lifted, the seedlings are planted along with the seedlings, the seedlings are transported in a short distance, plastic cloth is used for winding the seedlings, woven bags are used for subpackaging the seedlings in a long distance, and watering and cooling are carried out in time. The acanthopanax is selected as follows: the plant height is less than or equal to 60cm, the ground diameter is less than or equal to 1.0cm, and the number of branches is less than or equal to 3.
S2, seedling protection before transplanting:
when the seedlings are lifted, the root system of the sapling does not retain the original soil, the tail end of each root is cut into an inclined plane of 45 degrees, and the tail end is coated and sealed by quicklime. The root system is cut into 45 degree inclined plane by pruning shears, dipped with rooting powder for 30min, then smeared and sealed with quicklime, and wrapped with wet moss to achieve the purpose of water retention. Pruning the overground part of the saplings, keeping 2cm, leveling the pruning openings, smearing quicklime, and sterilizing in a water-retaining manner. When the root system of the seedling is trimmed, if the seedling has a main root, keeping the root length of 8cm, and marking a shallow mark with the root end length of 5cm and the depth of 0.2 cm; if only rootstocks exist in the seedlings, 3 rootstocks and all levels of lateral roots are reserved, the length of the rootstocks is 15cm, and scratching operation is not carried out.
S3, trimming before transplanting:
before planting, cutting split roots and overlong roots; then pruning the overground part of the seedling, subtracting the insect-pest branches and overlength branches of the seedling, keeping the length of the overground part of the young tree to be 1.8-2.2cm, leveling the cut, smearing quicklime at the cut, preserving water and sterilizing.
S4, soil improvement and planting:
the land to be protected is carefully treated to reduce the death rate of species, the land is prepared in a belt shape, root stubbles, sundries, tree roots, weeds, stones and the like are removed, and the soil is loosened. Forest soil, pine needles, moss, bio-organic fertilizer and rooting powder are used as planting soil for being used in planting holes during planting; planting acanthopanax seedlings in the planting soil, ensuring that the root systems of the seedlings are spread in the planting process, covering soil with thickness higher than 4cm at the ground diameter of the seedlings, returning the soil and treading the soil. The mass ratio of each component in the soil is as follows: forest soil: pine needle: moss: b, biological organic fertilizer: the mass ratio of the rooting powder is 6:2:1:0.5: 0.5. The row spacing of the planted acanthopanax seedlings is 1-1.5mx1.5-3 m.
S5, promoting the growth of root systems: and (3) carrying out pouring management on the planted acanthopanax senticosus by using rooting powder, pine needle extract and bio-organic fertilizer solution, wherein the total application amount of each hole is 250 g. The weight ratio of the rooting powder solution, the pine needle extract and the bio-organic fertilizer solution (a commercial product, 250 times of water is added in the bio-organic fertilizer of the fermented chicken manure fruits and vegetables) is 0.6: 1:100.
S6, transpiration prevention after planting:
spraying a transpiration inhibitor on the acanthopanax senticosus seedlings; continuously watering enough root fixing water, and covering the planting holes with the straws.
S7, management:
pouring acanthopanax senticosus in the growing period of acanthopanax senticosus according to the dryness and humidity of soil in the acanthopanax senticosus planting holes, and removing weeds in the planting field regularly.
In the embodiment, the rooting powder solution is prepared by adding 100 kg of water into 1 g of ATB3 # rooting powder alcohol solution.
Example 2
This example provides a method for protecting Acanthopanax senticosus seedling migration, which is based on example 1, and only changes step S1. In step S1, the seedlings were lifted within 15 days before the sprouting of Acanthopanax senticosus harms, and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
This example provides a method for protecting Acanthopanax senticosus seedling migration, which is based on example 1, and only changes step S4. In step S4, the mass ratio of each component in the soil is: forest soil: pine needle: moss: b, biological organic fertilizer: the mass ratio of the rooting powder is 6.1:2.1:1:0.5: 0.5. In step S5, the planted acanthopanax is subjected to irrigation management of rooting powder, pine needle extract and bio-organic fertilizer solution, and the total amount applied in each hole is 270 g. The other steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 4
This example provides a method for protecting Acanthopanax senticosus seedling migration, which is based on example 1, and only changes step S5. In step S5, the planted acanthopanax is subjected to irrigation management of rooting powder, pine needle extract and bio-organic fertilizer solution, and the total amount applied in each hole is 250 g. The weight ratio of the rooting powder solution, the pine needle extract and the bio-organic fertilizer solution (a commercial product, 250 times of water is added in the bio-organic fertilizer of the fermented chicken manure fruits and vegetables) is 0.6: 0.8:100. The other steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method for protecting acanthopanax senticosus seedlings from migration, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting the seedling lifting time of the seedling in the relocation zone
The young seedling single plants with robust growth, complete plants and root systems, no plant diseases and insect pests and different ecotypes are selected at the edge of the natural distribution area of the acanthopanax senticosus population. Determining acanthopanax senticosus populations to be selected according to different latitudes, altitudes, site types and forest stand types, selecting 5 typical populations, and collecting 15 different gene phenotype single acanthopanax senticosus seedlings for each population. The seedlings are lifted within 15 days before the acanthopanax buds stop growing or sprout. The acanthopanax is selected as follows: the plant height is less than or equal to 60cm, the ground diameter is less than or equal to 1.0cm, and the number of branches is less than or equal to 3.
S2, processing seedlings and transplanting
Planting the seedlings after seedling raising in the improved soil of the ex-situ protected land, ensuring that the root systems of the seedlings are spread in the planting process, returning the soil and treading the soil tightly, covering soil with the thickness higher than the ground diameter of the seedlings by 4cm, watering enough root fixing water, and covering the planting holes with straws; the improved soil is prepared by mixing forest soil, pine needles, moss, a bio-organic fertilizer and rooting powder. The mass ratio of each component in the soil is as follows: forest soil: pine needle: moss: b, biological organic fertilizer: the mass ratio of the rooting powder is 6:2:1:0.5: 0.5.
S3, promoting the growth of root systems:
and (3) carrying out pouring management on the planted acanthopanax senticosus by using rooting powder, pine needle extract and bio-organic fertilizer solution, wherein the total application amount of each hole is 250 g. The row spacing of the planted acanthopanax seedlings is 1-1.5mx1.5-3 m.
S4, transpiration prevention after planting:
spraying a transpiration inhibitor on the acanthopanax senticosus seedlings; continuously watering enough root fixing water, and covering the planting holes with the straws.
S5, management:
pouring acanthopanax senticosus in the growing period of acanthopanax senticosus according to the dryness and humidity of soil in the acanthopanax senticosus planting holes, and removing weeds in the planting field regularly.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example was prepared by changing step S5 on the basis of example 1: and (3) carrying out pouring management on the planted acanthopanax senticosus only by using a biological organic fertilizer solution. The remaining steps, conditions and requirements were all accomplished with reference to example 1.
In the invention, at least 5 ex-situ protection lands are arranged in a natural acanthopanax senticosus distribution area according to the uniform distribution principle to prevent ex-situ protection failure. The ex-situ protection of acanthopanax is preferably realized by adopting an integral plant preservation mode, so that all genetic characteristics and species diversity of acanthopanax populations can be completely protected.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example was prepared by changing step S5 on the basis of example 1: when the growth of the root system is promoted, pine needle extract is not used, only a rooting powder solution and a bio-organic fertilizer solution (a commercially available product, 250 times of water is added in the bio-organic fertilizer of fermented chicken manure fruits and vegetables) are adopted, the weight ratio is 1:100, and the total amount applied in each hole is 250 g.
The survival rate of the acanthopanax planted in the ex-situ transplanting of each example was counted within 6 months after transplanting, and the results are shown in the following table.
The plant height of acanthopanax senticosus was measured half a year later, and it was found that acanthopanax senticosus having a plant height of more than 90cm in example 1 accounted for about 93.7%, acanthopanax senticosus having a plant height of more than 90cm in example 2 accounted for about 89.6%, and acanthopanax senticosus having a plant height of more than 90cm in example 3 accounted for about 92.0%. Example 4 was less effective than example 1. The acanthopanax senticosus having a plant height of more than 90cm in comparative example 1 accounts for about 63.0%, and the acanthopanax senticosus having a plant height of more than 90cm in comparative example 2 accounts for about 57.8%. In comparative example 3, acanthopanax senticosus having a plant height of more than 90cm accounts for about 67.9%.
The acanthopanax planted in this example is good in growth vigor, especially in example 1.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for protecting acanthopanax senticosus seedlings in a place, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting seedling raising time:
lifting seedlings within 15 days before the acanthopanax buds stop growing or sprout;
s2, seedling protection before transplanting:
no soil remains on the root system of the sapling when the seedling is lifted; cutting the tail end of each root into a 45-degree inclined plane, smearing quicklime on the cut and sealing;
cutting root systems into 45-degree inclined planes, dipping rooting powder for 30-40min, smearing quicklime on the inclined planes, sealing, and wrapping the root systems with wet moss;
s3, trimming before transplanting:
before planting, cutting split roots and overlong roots; then pruning the overground part of the seedling, subtracting the insect-disease branches and overlength branches of the seedling, keeping the length of the overground part of the young tree to be 1.8-2.2cm, leveling the cut, smearing quicklime at the cut, and preserving water for sterilization;
s4, soil improvement and planting:
forest soil, pine needles, moss, bio-organic fertilizer and rooting powder are used as planting soil for being used in planting holes during planting; planting acanthopanax seedlings in the planting soil, ensuring the root systems of the seedlings to be spread in the planting process, returning the soil and treading down;
s5, promoting the growth of root systems: carrying out pouring management on the planted acanthopanax senticosus by rooting powder, pine needle extract and bio-organic fertilizer solution, wherein the total application amount of each hole is 230 plus 270 g; the weight ratio of the rooting powder solution to the pine needle extract to the bio-organic fertilizer solution is 0.5-0.8: 1: 100-105;
s6, transpiration prevention after planting:
spraying a transpiration inhibitor on the acanthopanax senticosus seedlings; continuously watering enough root fixing water, and covering the planting holes with the straws;
s7, management:
pouring acanthopanax senticosus in the growing period of acanthopanax senticosus according to the dryness and humidity of soil in the acanthopanax senticosus planting holes, and removing weeds in the planting field regularly.
2. The method for ex situ protection of Acanthopanax senticosus seedling of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the seedlings are selected to grow robustly at the edge of the natural distribution area of Acanthopanax senticosus population, and have complete plant and root system, no plant diseases and insect pests, and different ecotypes of young seedling.
3. The method for protecting acanthopanax senticosus seedling migration place according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the seedling is protected: if the seedling has main roots, keeping the root length to be 7-9 cm; then, the tail end of the root is scribed with a shallow mark with the length of 4.5-5.5cm and the depth of 0.18-0.22 cm; if only rootstocks exist in the seedlings, 3 rootstocks and all levels of lateral roots are reserved, the length of the rootstocks is 14-16cm, and scratching operation is not carried out.
4. The method for protecting acanthopanax senticosus seedling ex-situ, according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of each component in the soil after improvement in step S4 is as follows: forest soil: pine needle: moss: b, biological organic fertilizer: the mass ratio of the rooting powder is 5.8-6.2:1.9-2.1:1:0.51-0.52: 0.51-0.52.
5. The method for protecting Acanthopanax senticosus seedling migration according to claim 2, wherein in S1, Acanthopanax senticosus population to be selected is determined according to different latitudes, altitudes, types of the field and types of forest stand, at least 5 typical populations are selected, and each population is collected with at least 15 individual Acanthopanax senticosus seedlings with different gene phenotypes.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the linear distance between planted Acanthopanax senticosus seedlings is not less than 500 m.
7. The method for protecting acanthopanax senticosus seedling migration place according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, acanthopanax senticosus is selected as follows: the plant height is less than or equal to 60cm, the ground diameter is less than or equal to 1.0cm, and the number of branches is less than or equal to 3.
8. The method for protecting acanthopanax senticosus seedling migration according to claim 1, wherein the acanthopanax senticosus planting environment is the middle and lower part of a forest stand such as a cold-warm zone needle broad mixed forest and a warm-zone fallen leaf broad-leaf mixed forest, and the environment of the forest stand is as follows: the canopy density is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.4, the slope of the forest land is less than 25 ℃, and the lowest temperature is more than or equal to-38 ℃.
9. The acanthopanax senticosus seedling ex-situ protection method according to claim 1, wherein the acanthopanax senticosus seedling ex-situ protection suitable habitat is as follows: loose and fertile soil, deep soil layer, micro-acid soil near water source, soil containing humus, and vertical land of sandy soil.
10. The method for protecting ex-situ migration of Acanthopanax senticosus seedling as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the thickness of the covering soil is 3.8-4.2cm higher than the ground diameter of the seedling during planting.
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