CN103549347A - 糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103549347A CN103549347A CN201310550081.8A CN201310550081A CN103549347A CN 103549347 A CN103549347 A CN 103549347A CN 201310550081 A CN201310550081 A CN 201310550081A CN 103549347 A CN103549347 A CN 103549347A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品及其制备方法,具体涉及腌制食品加工领域。该方法是利用蔬菜的嫩叶或嫩茎叶经风味腌制液浸渍后能最大限度地保持叶菜固有的独特口感和营养成分的同时,又使得制成品鲜香味美,使人们享用有益的叶菜不受季节、地域的限制,使不同季节和不同地域的人们,在市场的流通环节达到满足食用叶菜食品的需求,为腌制小菜增添了新的产品。本发明糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品是经过原料选择—原料处理—杀青、护色—晾晒—风味腌制液调配—浸渍—包装、杀菌等步骤制成,方法简单、经济,产品适宜大众化消费,具有很好的市场前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于腌制食品加工领域,具体涉及一种糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品及其制备方法。
背景技术
叶类蔬菜含有多种营养成分,除含有丰富的蛋白质、纤维素、氨基酸、维生素、常量和微量矿物质元素,叶菜中还含有色素物质,很多叶菜还含有糖(碳水化合物)以及香味物质,有些叶菜所含的特殊功能的营养物质如黄酮、多糖类是根黄类蔬菜中所未有的。例如辣椒叶的蛋白质含量比辣椒中的蛋白质含量高出许多倍。叶菜大都属于季节性强、保鲜难的食物,目前,针对叶菜的加工方法大都采用干制方法,这样的保存方式仅是得到了失去叶菜形态、风味、色泽和组织形态,而不能直接食用的干制品,且营养成分和其口感均会大打折扣,还有利用盐腌的咸菜和泡菜、酱制方法制得佐餐小菜,这些产品虽能有较好的直接食用性,但存在风味欠佳、口感单调、色泽不好和形态不理想等诸多缺陷,清一色的腌咸菜品味也会导致人们的畏食心理和感觉,因此,对现有的叶菜类蔬菜的腌制技术加以改进,以满足人们对生活高质量的追求,丰富腌制小菜产品的种类和市场需求,增加农副产品的价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种既保持叶菜固有的独特口感和营养成分,又添加入特殊风味物质制得的一种糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品,同时提供一种糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品的制备方法。
为实现本发明的目的,为此公开了以下技术方案:
本发明一种糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品,是由红萝卜樱或白萝卜樱或胡萝卜樱或包菜或白菜或青菜或菜心或菜花或雪里蕻或乌塌菜或莴苣叶或香菜或香椿或甘薯叶或大头菜叶或青蒜苗或油菜苗或辣椒叶或豌豆苗或马齿苋或枸杞叶或刺槐叶或茶叶或蕺菜或灰菜或蔊菜或冬葵或刺五加或遏蓝菜或车前草或清明菜或苣荬菜或萹蓄或牛膝或野苋菜或芹菜叶或苔杆叶或荠菜或蒲公英或小蓟或紫苏叶或鸭趾草或酢浆草或薄荷或野菊或艾或益母草或夏枯草或桔梗或茵陈或龙葵或荆芥或藿香或牛蒡或野芝麻或地肤或苦荞或罗勒或香茶菜或绞股蓝或紫苜蓿或茼蒿的嫩叶或嫩茎叶,经清洗干净,切成丝或段,经护色处理、晾晒、风味腌制液浸渍、包装、杀菌而成;其制备工艺步骤是:(1)选择无霉变、无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的红萝卜樱或白萝卜樱或胡萝卜樱或包菜或白菜或青菜或菜心或菜花或雪里蕻或乌塌菜或莴苣叶或香菜或香椿或甘薯叶或大头菜叶或青蒜苗或油菜苗或辣椒叶或豌豆苗或马齿苋或枸杞叶或刺槐叶或茶叶或蕺菜或灰菜或蔊菜或冬葵或刺五加或遏蓝菜或车前草或清明菜或苣荬菜或萹蓄或牛膝或野苋菜或芹菜叶或苔杆叶或荠菜或蒲公英或小蓟或紫苏叶或鸭趾草或酢浆草或薄荷或野菊或艾或益母草或夏枯草或桔梗或茵陈或龙葵或荆芥或藿香或牛蒡或野芝麻或地肤或苦荞或罗勒或香茶菜或绞股蓝或紫苜蓿或茼蒿的嫩叶或嫩茎叶,(2)挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成丝或段;(3)将切好的叶菜丝或段迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%的焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸并经加热85-100℃的热水溶液中,漂烫1-3min,进行杀青护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗1-2min后,捞出控干水分,(4)将漂洗并控干水分的叶菜丝或段摊放于竹帘上置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊开晾晒,反复进行,晒至含水量在15-20%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时得菜坯;(5)取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加水10倍,常温浸泡2h后,加热40-50℃保温5-6h取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅰ,再取风味调味剂200g加水20倍,常温浸泡4-6h后,加热煮沸1.5-2h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,得风味腌制液;(6)将(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯按重量比4:1的比例加入(5)制得的风味腌制液混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于12-15℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干得腌制菜坯;(7)将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙稀包装袋,经真空密封包装后,置于95℃水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却,即得产品。
上述所述的风味调味剂为咸味剂(包括但不限于食盐、酱油)、甜味剂(包括但不限于白砂糖、红砂糖、饴糖、甜菊糖苷、山梨醇、L-阿拉伯糖、果糖、葡萄糖、菊苣糖、乳糖醇、三氯蔗糖、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、蜂蜜)、酸味剂(包括但不限于柠檬酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乳酸、磷酸、富马酸、食醋)、鲜味剂(包括但不限于谷氨酸钠、肌苷酸钠、核糖核苷酸钠、鸟苷酸钠、琥珀酸二钠、鸡精)、天然调味剂(包括但不限于花椒、胡椒、八角、姜、葱、大蒜、辣椒、孜然、桂皮、肉桂、草果、肉蔻、丁香、小茴香、陈皮、当归、芥末、砂仁、良姜、白芷、菊花、葛花、沙枣花、桅子花、茉莉花、桂花、刺玫花、玫瑰花、丁香花、桃花、三七花、银杏花、茶花和辛香料物质如五香粉、咖喱粉、十三香中的一种或两种以及以上任意组合)。
上述所述天然调味剂中的菊花、葛花、沙枣花、桅子花、茉莉花、桂花、刺玫花、玫瑰花、丁香花、桃花、三七花、银杏花、茶花是其干花。
上述所述的咸味剂、甜味剂、酸味剂、鲜味剂、天然调味剂及辛香料物质的一种或两种以及以上任意的组合,除液体物质以外的固体物质,均应粉碎过150-300目筛应用。
上述所述的咸味剂、甜味剂、酸味剂、鲜味剂、天然调味剂及辛香料物质的一种或两种以及以上任意的组合,除液体物质以外的固体物质,均应粉碎过80-100目筛应用。
本发明一种糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品的制备方法,其特征在于它包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)原料选择:选择无霉变,无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的红萝卜樱或白萝卜樱或胡萝卜樱或包菜或白菜或青菜或菜心或菜花或雪里蕻或乌塌菜或莴苣叶或香菜或香椿或甘薯叶或大头菜叶或青蒜苗或油菜苗或辣椒叶或豌豆苗或马齿苋或枸杞叶或刺槐叶或茶叶或蕺菜或灰菜或蔊菜或冬葵或刺五加或遏蓝菜或车前草或清明菜或苣荬菜或萹蓄或牛膝或野苋菜或芹菜叶或苔杆叶或荠菜或蒲公英或小蓟或紫苏叶或鸭趾草或酢浆草或薄荷或野菊或艾或益母草或夏枯草或桔梗或茵陈或龙葵或荆芥或藿香或牛蒡或野芝麻或地肤或苦荞或罗勒或香茶菜或绞股蓝或紫苜蓿或茼蒿的嫩叶或嫩茎叶,为原料;
(2)原料处理:将叶菜原料挑拣干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成丝或段,备用;
(3)杀青、护色
将切好的叶菜丝或段迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%抗坏血酸并加热85-100℃的热水溶液中,漂烫1-3min,进行杀青、护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗1-2min后,捞出沥干水分;
(4)晾晒:
将漂洗并控干水分的叶菜丝或段摊放于竹帘上,置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊开晾晒如此反复进行,晒至含水量在15-20%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时得菜坯;
(5)风味腌制液调配
取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加水10倍,常温浸泡2h后,加热40-50℃保温5-6h取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液I,再取风味调味剂200g加水20倍,常温浸泡4-6h,加热煮沸1.5-2h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,制得风味腌制液;
(6)浸渍
将步骤(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯按重量比4:1的比例加入步骤(5)制得的风味腌制液混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于12-15℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干,得腌制菜坯;
(7)包装、杀菌
将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙烯包装袋,经抽真空密封包装后,置于95℃水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却,即得产品。
本发明的有益效果
本发明是利用蔬菜的嫩叶或嫩茎叶经风味腌制液浸渍后能最大限度地保持叶菜固有的独特口感和营养成分的同时,又使得制成品鲜香、味美,使人们享用有益的叶菜不受季节、地域的限制,使不同季节和不同地域的人们,在市场的流通环节达到满足食用叶菜食品的需求,为腌制小菜增添了新的产品,为推动叶菜广泛地利用增添了新的加工方法。
本发明方法是将风味调味剂经加热提取、浓缩制得风味腌制液,能够使腌制叶菜渗透均衡,入味均匀,叶质表面光洁、美观,味藏其中,适口性好。本发明方法制得的风味叶菜蔬菜食品,质地柔嫩,口味鲜香,制备成不同风味的产品更适宜众多不同口味和生活习惯的人们的选择,产品既可作为酒楼宴席的小碟佳肴,更适宜民家餐桌的时尚佐餐小菜,本发明制备方法简单、经济,产品适宜大众化消费,具有很好的市场前景。
具体实施方式
以下实施例仅是对本发明作出进一步的说,而非是本发明的全部,更不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
(1)选择无霉变,无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的雪里蕻为原料;(2)将雪里蕻挑拣干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和根茎、老梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用刀切成2厘米的段,备用;(3)将切好的雪里蕻段迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%的焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸并加热至100℃的热水溶液中,漂烫3min,进行杀青、护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗2min后,捞出沥干水分;(4)将漂洗并控干水分的雪里蕻段摊放于竹帘上,置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊放晾晒,如此反复进行,晒至含水量在20%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时,得菜坯;(5)取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加纯净水1kg,常温浸泡2h后,加热40℃保温6h,取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅰ,再取风味调味剂300目粉(如食盐100g、花椒50g、八角20g、胡椒20g、丁香5g、谷氨酸钠5g)200g加纯净水4000g,常温浸泡4h后,加热煮沸2h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,制得风味腌制液备用;(6)将步骤(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯4kg加入步骤(5)制得的风味腌制液,混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于12℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干,得腌制菜坯;(7)将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙烯包装袋,经抽真空密封包装后,置于95℃热水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却后,制得产品。
实施例2
(1)选择无霉变,无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的莴苣叶为原料;(2)将莴苣叶挑拣干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成丝,备用;(3)将切好的莴苣叶丝迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%的焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸并加热至100℃的热水溶液中,漂烫3min,进行杀青、护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗2min后,捞出沥干水分;(4)将漂洗并控干水分的莴苣叶丝摊放于竹帘上,置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊放晾晒,如此反复进行,晒至含水量在15%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时,得菜坯;(5)取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加纯净水1kg,常温浸泡2h后,加热50℃保温5h,取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅰ,再取风味调味剂150目粉(如食盐150g、花椒50g、辣椒50g)200g加纯净水4000g,常温浸泡6h后,加热煮沸2h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,制得风味腌制液备用;(6)将步骤(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯4kg加入步骤(5)制得的风味腌制液,混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于15℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干,得腌制菜坯;(7)将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙烯包装袋,经抽真空密封包装后,置于95℃热水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却后,制得产品。
实施例3
(1)选择无霉变,无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的辣椒叶为原料;(2)将辣椒叶挑拣干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成丝,备用;(3)将切好的辣椒叶丝迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%的焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸并加热至85℃的热水溶液中,漂烫2min,进行杀青、护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗1min后,捞出沥干水分;(4)将漂洗并控干水分的辣椒叶丝摊放于竹帘上,置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊放晾晒,如此反复进行,晒至含水量在18%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时,得菜坯;(5)取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加纯净水1kg,常温浸泡2h后,加热45℃保温5h,取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅰ,再取风味调味剂100目粉(如十三香50g、食盐30g)80g和酱油120g加纯净水4000g,常温浸泡4h后,加热煮沸1.5h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,制得风味腌制液备用;(6)将步骤(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯4kg加入步骤(5)制得的风味腌制液,混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于13℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干,得腌制菜坯;(7)将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙烯包装袋,经真空密封包装后,置于95℃热水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却后,制得产品。
实施例4
(1)选择无霉变,无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的茶叶嫩叶为原料;(2)将茶叶挑拣干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成丝,备用;(3)将切好的茶叶丝迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%的焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸并加热至90℃的热水溶液中,漂烫2min,进行杀青、护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗2min后,捞出沥干水分;(4)将漂洗并控干水分的茶叶丝摊放于竹帘上,置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊放晾晒,如此反复进行,晒至含水量在16%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时,得菜坯;(5)取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加纯净水1kg,常温浸泡2h后,加热40℃保温5.5h,取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅰ,再取风味调味剂80目粉(如白砂糖150g、茶花30g、柠檬酸20g)200g加纯净水4000g,常温浸泡4h后,加热煮沸1.5h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,制得风味腌制液备用;(6)将步骤(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯4kg加入步骤(5)制得的风味腌制液,混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于12℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干,得腌制菜坯;(7)将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙烯包装袋,经抽真空密封包装后,置于95℃热水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却后,制得产品。
实施例5
(1)选择无霉变,无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的苔干叶为原料;(2)将苔干叶挑拣干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成长3厘米的段,备用;(3)将切好的雪里蕻段迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%的焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸并加热至100℃的热水溶液中,漂烫3min,进行杀青、护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗2min后,捞出沥干水分;(4)将漂洗并控干水分的苔干叶丝摊放于竹帘上,置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊放晾晒,如此反复进行,晒至含水量在18%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时,得菜坯;(5)取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加纯净水1000g,常温浸泡2h后,加热40℃保温6h,取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅰ,再取风味调味剂100目粉(如食盐150g、五香粉10g、花椒20g、辣椒20g)200g加纯净水4000g,常温浸泡6h后,加热煮沸2h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,制得风味腌制液备用;(6)将步骤(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯4kg加入步骤(5)制得的风味腌制液,混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于15℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干,得腌制菜坯;(7)将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙烯包装袋,经真空密封包装后,置于95℃热水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却后,制得产品。
实施例6
(1)选择无霉变,无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的野菊叶为原料;(2)将野菊叶挑拣干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成丝,备用;(3)将切好的野菊叶迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%的焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸并加热至90℃的热水溶液中,漂烫1min,进行杀青、护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗2min后,捞出沥干水分;(4)将漂洗并控干水分的野菊叶丝摊放于竹帘上,置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊放晾晒,如此反复进行,晒至含水量在15%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时,得菜坯;(5)取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加纯净水1000g,常温浸泡2h后,加热40℃保温6h,取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅰ,再取风味调味剂100目粉(如食盐50g、白砂糖120g、菊花30g)200g加纯净水4000g,常温浸泡4h后,加热煮沸1.5h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,制得风味腌制液备用;(6)将步骤(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯4kg加入步骤(5)制得的风味腌制液,混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于12℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干,得腌制菜坯;(7)将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙烯包装袋抽真空密封包装后,置于95℃热水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却后,制得产品。
实施例7
(1)选择无霉变,无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的益母草叶为原料;(2)将益母草叶挑拣干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成丝,备用;(3)将切好的益母草叶丝迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%的焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸并加热至85℃的热水溶液中,漂烫2min,进行杀青、护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗1min后,捞出沥干水分;(4)将漂洗并控干水分的益母草叶丝摊放于竹帘上,置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊放晾晒,如此反复进行,晒至含水量在18%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时,得菜坯;(5)取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加纯净水1000g,常温浸泡2h后,加热45℃保温5h,取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅰ,再取风味调味剂150目粉(如红砂糖150g、红茶30g、沙枣红20g)200g加纯净水4000g,常温浸泡4h后,加热煮沸1.5h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,制得风味腌制液备用;(6)将步骤(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯4kg加入步骤(5)制得的风味腌制液,混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于12℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干,得腌制菜坯;(7)将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙烯包装袋抽真空密封包装后,置于95℃热水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却后,制得产品。
Claims (7)
1.一种糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品,其特征在于,是由红萝卜樱或白萝卜樱或胡萝卜樱或包菜或白菜或青菜或菜心或菜花或雪里蕻或乌塌菜或莴苣叶或香菜或香椿或甘薯叶或大头菜叶或青蒜苗或油菜苗或辣椒叶或豌豆苗或马齿苋或枸杞叶或刺槐叶或茶叶或蕺菜或灰菜或蔊菜或冬葵或刺五加或遏蓝菜或车前草或清明菜或苣荬菜或萹蓄或牛膝或野苋菜或芹菜叶或苔杆叶或荠菜或蒲公英或小蓟或紫苏叶或鸭趾草或酢浆草或薄荷或野菊或艾或益母草或夏枯草或桔梗或茵陈或龙葵或荆芥或藿香或牛蒡或野芝麻或地肤或苦荞或罗勒或香茶菜或绞股蓝或紫苜蓿或茼蒿的嫩叶或嫩茎叶,经清洗干净,切成丝或段,经护色处理、晾晒、风味腌制液浸渍、包装、杀菌而成;其制备工艺步骤是:(1)选择无霉变、无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的红萝卜樱或白萝卜樱或胡萝卜樱或包菜或白菜或青菜或菜心或菜花或雪里蕻或乌塌菜或莴苣叶或香菜或香椿或甘薯叶或大头菜叶或青蒜苗或油菜苗或辣椒叶或豌豆苗或马齿苋或枸杞叶或刺槐叶或茶叶或蕺菜或灰菜或蔊菜或冬葵或刺五加或遏蓝菜或车前草或清明菜或苣荬菜或萹蓄或牛膝或野苋菜或芹菜叶或苔杆叶或荠菜或蒲公英或小蓟或紫苏叶或鸭趾草或酢浆草或薄荷或野菊或艾或益母草或夏枯草或桔梗或茵陈或龙葵或荆芥或藿香或牛蒡或野芝麻或地肤或苦荞或罗勒或香茶菜或绞股蓝或紫苜蓿或茼蒿的嫩叶或嫩茎叶,(2)挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成丝或段;(3)将切好的叶菜丝或段迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%的焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸并经加热85-100℃的热水溶液中,漂烫1-3min,进行杀青护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗1-2min后,捞出控干水分,(4)将漂洗并控干水分的叶菜丝或段摊放于竹帘上置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊开晾晒,反复进行,晒至含水量在15-20%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时得菜坯;(5)取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加水10倍,常温浸泡2h后,加热40-50℃保温5-6h取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅰ,再取风味调味剂200g加水20倍,常温浸泡4-6h后,加热煮沸1.5-2h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,得风味腌制液;(6)将(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯按重量比4:1的比例加入(5)制得的风味腌制液混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于12-15℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干得腌制菜坯;(7)将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙稀包装袋,经真空密封包装后,置于95℃水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却,即得产品。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品,其特征在于,所述的风味调味剂为咸味剂、甜味剂、酸味剂、鲜味剂、天然调味剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品,其特征在于,所述的咸味剂是食盐、酱油,甜味剂是白砂糖、红砂糖、饴糖、甜菊糖苷、山梨醇、L-阿拉伯糖、果糖、葡萄糖、菊苣糖、乳糖醇、三氯蔗糖、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、蜂蜜,酸味剂是柠檬酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乳酸、磷酸、富马酸、食醋,鲜味剂是谷氨酸钠、肌苷酸钠、核糖核苷酸钠、鸟苷酸钠、琥珀酸二钠、鸡精,天然调味剂是花椒、胡椒、八角、姜、葱、大蒜、辣椒、孜然、桂皮、肉桂、草果、肉蔻、丁香、小茴香、陈皮、当归、芥末、砂仁、良姜、白芷、菊花、葛花、沙枣花、桅子花、茉莉花、桂花、刺玫花、玫瑰花、丁香花、桃花、三七花、银杏花、茶花、五香粉、咖喱粉、十三香中的一种或两种以及以上任意组合。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品,其特征在于,所述天然调味剂中的菊花、葛花、沙枣花、桅子花、茉莉花、桂花、刺玫花、玫瑰花、丁香花、桃花、三七花、银杏花、茶花是其干花。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品,其特征在于,所述的咸味剂、甜味剂、酸味剂、鲜味剂、天然调味剂的一种或两种以及以上任意的组合,除液体物质以外的固体物质,均应粉碎过150-300目筛应用。
6.根据权利要求2或3所述的糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品,其特征在于,所述的咸味剂、甜味剂、酸味剂、鲜味剂、天然调味剂的一种或两种以及以上任意的组合,除液体物质以外的固体物质,均应粉碎过80-100目筛应用。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的糟制风味叶菜蔬菜食品的制备方法,其特征在于,它包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)原料选择:选择无霉变,无霉烂及病虫害,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的红萝卜樱或白萝卜樱或胡萝卜樱或包菜或白菜或青菜或菜心或菜花或雪里蕻或乌塌菜或莴苣叶或香菜或香椿或甘薯叶或大头菜叶或青蒜苗或油菜苗或辣椒叶或豌豆苗或马齿苋或枸杞叶或刺槐叶或茶叶或蕺菜或灰菜或蔊菜或冬葵或刺五加或遏蓝菜或车前草或清明菜或苣荬菜或萹蓄或牛膝或野苋菜或芹菜叶或苔杆叶或荠菜或蒲公英或小蓟或紫苏叶或鸭趾草或酢浆草或薄荷或野菊或艾或益母草或夏枯草或桔梗或茵陈或龙葵或荆芥或藿香或牛蒡或野芝麻或地肤或苦荞或罗勒或香茶菜或绞股蓝或紫苜蓿或茼蒿的嫩叶或嫩茎叶,为原料;
(2)原料处理:将叶菜原料挑拣干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用流动清水冲洗干净,并控干水分,用切刀切成丝或段,备用;
(3)杀青、护色:将切好的叶菜丝或段迅即投入含有重量百分比为1.5%的食盐、0.1%焦亚硫酸钠、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.1%抗坏血酸并加热85-100℃的热水溶液中,漂烫1-3min,进行杀青、护色处理,然后捞出,置入纯净水中漂洗1-2min后,捞出沥干水分;
(4)晾晒:将漂洗并控干水分的叶菜丝或段摊放于竹帘上,置通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒4小时后,每隔2小时收拢进行轻轻揉搓1次,然后再摊开晾晒如此反复进行,晒至含水量在15-20%时,收起,再堆放回潮10小时得菜坯;
(5)风味腌制液调配:取酿造红酒的酒糟100g加水10倍,常温浸泡2h后,加热40-50℃保温5-6h取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液I,再取风味调味剂200g加水20倍,常温浸泡4-6h,加热煮沸1.5-2h后取汁液,用450目工业滤布过滤,得滤液Ⅱ,再将滤液Ⅰ和Ⅱ合并入锅,文火加热浓缩定容至1000g,制得风味腌制液;
(6)浸渍:将步骤(4)经晾晒回潮后的菜坯按重量比4:1的比例加入步骤(5)制得的风味腌制液混合拌匀,装入腌缸中,于12-15℃环境下,浸渍20天以上,捞出菜坯,沥干,得腌制菜坯;
(7)包装、杀菌:将沥干的腌制菜坯,采用高压聚乙烯包装袋,经抽真空密封包装后,置于95℃水中杀菌20min,取出,自然冷却,即得产品。
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