CN103385107A - Propagation method for stable genetic expression of Ohatsuki phenomena - Google Patents
Propagation method for stable genetic expression of Ohatsuki phenomena Download PDFInfo
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- CN103385107A CN103385107A CN2013103352205A CN201310335220A CN103385107A CN 103385107 A CN103385107 A CN 103385107A CN 2013103352205 A CN2013103352205 A CN 2013103352205A CN 201310335220 A CN201310335220 A CN 201310335220A CN 103385107 A CN103385107 A CN 103385107A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a propagation method for stable genetic expression of Ohatsuki phenomena. The method adopts 5-10-year-old seedling gingko which has a prosperous root system, grows strongly, and is free from plant diseases and insect pests and a 3-5-year-old branch of 800-year-old Ohatsuki phenomena as testing materials, and adopts a bark graft method to realize the stable genetic expression of the Ohatsuki phenomena, seed setting is advanced, the requirements of academic research are met, and the enjoying purpose is also realized. The method utilized the principle that a plant is capable of curing after being injured, the forming layers of the injured faces of the scion and the stock are attached and bound to each other, and consequently, by virtue of hyperplasia, the forming layers are cured and form a whole with fibrobascular tissues connected together. The method has the advantages that the effects of the stable inheritance of the Ohatsuki phenomena and the advancing of the seed setting are significant, and the operation is simple and practical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field that arboreal growth is grown and bred, particularly a kind of propagation method technical matters of expressing about leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability.
Background technology
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) is historical legacy and living fossil (Darwin).1891, Sharai found that in Japan ginkgo has abnormal Seed Development.1896, Japan the Fujii reported first lopsided ovule phenomenon is arranged on the ginkgo leaf, nineteen twenty-seven Makino is decided to be a mutation to leaf seed ginkgo first: Ginkgobiloba var.epiphylla Mak.But Li Huilin(1961) think until all do not find the report of leaf seed ginkgo in Europe and America the beginning of the sixties in last century.Be called Japanese leaf seed ginkgo that ' this title is quoted by (1983) such as U.S. breeding scholar Santamour for Ohatsuki phenomena ', i.e. ' Ohatsuki '.The importance of leaf seed ginkgo is: (1) is because it has obvious epiphyllous ovule, so be regarded as splendid fancy breed; (2), due to its modal primitiveness, be regarded as studying ginkgo origin and phylogenetic best examination material; (3) generation of the form of epiphyllous ovule and comparison morphological research have important Phylogenetic Implications to ginkgo female reproductive organ's essence research; (4) because the aspects such as leaf seed ginkgo is split at epiphyllous ovule, leaf look, leaf, normal ovule have multiple variation, select good staminiferous plant, carry out the ginkgo crossbreeding of leaf seed and progeny test, this to ginkgo core with, leaf with, view and admire, material is significant with breed breeding.The subject matter that at present research of leaf seed ginkgo is existed is: (1) only from morphology to simple observation and the description of elite stand; (2) be showed no the offspring or can be occurred epiphyllous ovule and the leaf non-hibernating eggs reality of similar elite stand by the clone that its grafting, cuttage, group training form of growing directly from seeds of leaf seed ginkgo both at home and abroad; (3) expression of the genetic stability of leaf seed ginkgo and offspring's epiphyllous ovule proterties has objection.Yet there are no the report that leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability is expressed by grafting, the present invention proposes under such technical background.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, rare for leaf seed gingko resource, scientific research is worth high, ornamental value is large, but the situation that the offspring of growing directly from seeds can not genetic stability expresses, proposed the technical matters of the propagation method that a cover complete leaf seed ginkgo inheritance stability expresses, and makes leaf seed ginkgo do sth. in advance result, stably express on middle earsh, with the purpose that reaches scientific research and view and admire.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
(1) scion is chosen: in February December to next year or 7 – choose August 3a – 5a on 800a leave seed ginkgo give birth to robust growth, without the branch of damage by disease and insect, cut the scion of making length 10cm, each scion keeps 3 buds of 2 –, preserves in the rear 4 ℃ of refrigerators of sealing with wax.Stock is chosen: the seedling of selecting 5a – 10a to give birth to robust growth is stock, more than the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground requires 3.0cm.
(2) grafting time: mid-March to early April or July are to August.
(3) insert the skin grafting:
1. cut scion, get scion cutter under the 0.5cm place, place, the back side of bud, be whittled into the long inclined-plane of 3cm – 4cm.Enter the cutter place and want steep, deeply reach 1/4 – 1/3 of scion, then at the place, tip at the back side, inclined-plane, be whittled into the short inclined-plane of 0.3cm – 0.5cm, each gently cuts a cutter in both sides, short inclined-plane, makes and is wedge shape.Then each cuts a cutter gently in long bevel both sides, and the formation layer is exposed.
2. cut stock, at stock, in the 1.0m – 1.5m scope of ground, select the position of suitable grafting that stock is blocked, scabble otch at the smooth one side horizontal cutter of cutting gently, more vertical partial application, deeply reach xylem, then stock cutter seam both sides cortex is pried open gently.
3. the fringe of pegging graft,, facing to the stock xylem, slowly insert scion with the wide bevel of scion, treats the scion inclined-plane till semicircular in shape on clip, the top 0.3cm that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.For the stock that 10a gives birth to, can be in different azimuth grafting 2 – 4 each scion.Connect rear first two-layer soft paper being drawn to 2/5 place with cutter in a side, pack tightly in grafting part, insulation, moisturizing, protection against the tide and anti-sun direct projection, and then with the plastic strip bondage, get final product.In order to improve survival rate, plastic strip can be kept away during bondage on bud around,, with clip sealing in scion, return finally lower knotting.
(4) managing after grafting: survived in general about 1 month after grafting, will remove the plastic strip of bondage after surviving, and at the offside fixed length 15cm of scion, the bamboo pole of thick 1cm left and right, in case windbreak.Strengthen rich water quality management, diseases and pests controlling, and the sprout tillers of in time erasing.Nursery stock after grafting is adopted the trunk band girdle, draws branch and carves the processing mode such as bud, guarantee that leaf seed ginkgo can accurately express after grafting.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
(1) adopt to insert the method for skin grafting, in conjunction with the trunk band girdle, draw branch and carve the managing after grafting mode such as bud, overcome the difficult problem that leaf seed ginkgo can not inheritance stability be expressed, this breeding for leaf seed ginkgo and to grow research significant.
(2) be scion with 3a – 5a leave seed ginkgo branch, the living ginkgo seedling tree of 5a – 10a is stock, meeting rear 3a just has leaf non-hibernating eggs to occur, make leaf seed ginkgo solid ahead of time, express the strain rate and reach 9.68%, the real incidence of average leaf non-hibernating eggs be 0.074%(with elite stand on epiphyllous ovule and seed expression have identical rule),, for scientific research provides enough examination materials, improved the sight of ginkgo.
(3) making the major influence factors of leaf seed ginkgo inheritance stability table by grafting method is early bearing key measure after the selection of grafting method and grafting, through repetition test, proves, inserting the skin grafting is the best grafting method that leaf seed ginkgo inheritance stability is expressed.After inserting the skin grafting, affecting leaf seed ginkgo expression principal element sooner or later is the age of scion age and stock, with 3a – 5a leave seed ginkgo branch, is scion, and 5a – 10a is living, and the ginkgo seedling tree is stock, connects posterior lobe non-hibernating eggs and occurs the earliest.
Utilize said method that leaf seed ginkgo is expressed at children's Seedlings of Ginkgo biloba genetic stability in age, with low cost, method is easy, and is easy to operate, and for the modes of reproduction of enriching ginkgo, particularly the phylogenetic systematics research for ginkgo and leaf seed ginkgo has great importance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for cutting the scion schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is for cutting the stock schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is grafting fringe schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is the bondage schematic diagram
Fig. 5 is grafting posterior lobe seed ginkgo expression figure (showing that the leaf non-hibernating eggs is real and normal kind is real)
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The application present technique is tested on ginkgo Yiyuan County, Shandong Province children age, wound healing after 1 month after grafting, and scion survives, and leaf non-hibernating eggs that finds that there is after 3a on similar maternal plant produces.The implementation step of the propagation method that leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability is expressed is as follows:
1. the preparation of the propagation method (inserting the skin grafting) expressed of leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability
Instrument: grafting knife, bondage plastic strip, the toilet paper of high-temperature sterilization, the fixedly bamboo pole of the thick approximately 1cm of use.
2. the selection of stock and scion
In February December to next year choose 3a – 5a on 800a leave seed ginkgo give birth to robust growth, without the branch of damage by disease and insect, cut the scion of making length 10cm, each scion keeps 3 buds of 2 –, preserves in the rear 4 ℃ of refrigerators of sealing with wax.The seedling of selecting 5a – 10a to give birth to robust growth is stock, more than the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground requires 3.0cm.Before grafting, strengthen rich water quality management, to strengthen its resistance and callus ability.
3. grafting time
Mid-March to early April or July are to August.Select fine day, avoid the rainy day.
4. the technology of the propagation method expressed of leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability
Adopt the technology of inserting the skin grafting, have advantages of that wound healing is fast, survival rate is high, leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability is expressed early.Technical process is as follows:
(1) cut scion, get scion cutter under the 0.5cm place, place, the back side of bud, be whittled into the long inclined-plane of 3cm – 4cm.Enter the cutter place and want steep, deeply reach 1/4 – 1/3 of scion, then at the place, tip at the back side, inclined-plane, be whittled into the short inclined-plane of 0.3cm – 0.5cm, each gently cuts a cutter in both sides, short inclined-plane, makes and is wedge shape.Then each cuts a cutter gently in long bevel both sides, and the formation layer is exposed.
(2) cut stock, at stock, in the 1.0m – 1.5m scope of ground, select the position of suitable grafting that stock is blocked, scabble otch at the smooth one side horizontal cutter of cutting gently, more vertical partial application, deeply reach xylem, then stock cutter seam both sides cortex is pried open gently.
(3) grafting fringe,, facing to the stock xylem, slowly insert scion with the wide bevel of scion, treats the scion inclined-plane till semicircular in shape on clip, the top 0.3cm that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.For the stock that 10a gives birth to, can be in different azimuth grafting 2 – 4 each scion.Connect rear first two-layer soft paper being drawn to 2/5 place with cutter in a side, pack tightly in grafting part, insulation, moisturizing, protection against the tide and anti-sun direct projection, and then with the plastic strip bondage, get final product.In order to improve survival rate, plastic strip can be kept away during bondage on bud around,, with clip sealing in scion, return finally lower knotting.
5. managing after grafting
Survived in general about 1 month after grafting, will remove the plastic strip of bondage after surviving, and at the offside fixed length 15cm of scion, the bamboo pole of thick 1cm left and right, in case windbreak.Strengthen rich water quality management, diseases and pests controlling, and the sprout tillers of in time erasing.Nursery stock after grafting is adopted the trunk band girdle, draws branch and carves the processing mode such as bud, guarantee that leaf seed ginkgo can accurately express after grafting.
The present invention is not limited to above embodiment,, so long as adopt key technologies such as inserting the scion of skin grafting grafting leaf seed ginkgo on ginkgo, no matter whether coordinates otch treatment technology and Tree management technology with routine, within all will falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the propagation method expressed of a leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) preparation of the propagation method of leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability expression (inserting the skin grafting)
Instrument: grafting knife, bondage plastic strip, the toilet paper of high-temperature sterilization, the fixedly bamboo pole of the thick approximately 1cm of use;
(2) selection of stock and scion
In February December to next year or choose the 7-8 month 3a-5a on 800a leave seed ginkgo give birth to robust growth, without the branch of damage by disease and insect, cut the scion of making length 10cm, each scion keeps 2-3 bud, preservation in the rear 4 ℃ of refrigerators of sealing with wax.The seedling of selecting 5a-10a to give birth to robust growth is stock, more than the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground requires 3.0cm.Before grafting, strengthen rich water quality management, to strengthen its resistance and callus ability;
(3) grafting time is selected
Mid-March to early April or July are to August.Select fine day, avoid the rainy day;
(4) technology of the propagation method of leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability expression
Adopt the technology of inserting the skin grafting, have advantages of that wound healing is fast, survival rate is high, leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability is expressed early.Technical process is as follows:
1. cut scion: get scion cutter under the 0.5cm place, place, the back side of bud, be whittled into the long inclined-plane of 3cm-4cm.Enter the cutter place and want steep, deeply reach the 1/4-1/3 of scion, then at the place, tip at the back side, inclined-plane, be whittled into the short inclined-plane of 0.3cm-0.5cm, each gently cuts a cutter in both sides, short inclined-plane, makes and is wedge shape.Then each cuts a cutter gently in long bevel both sides, and the formation layer is exposed;
2. cut stock: in the 1.0m-1.5m scope of ground, select the position of suitable grafting that stock is blocked at stock, scabble otch at the smooth one side horizontal cutter of cutting gently, more vertical partial application, deeply reach xylem, then stock cutter seam both sides cortex is pried open gently;
3. the fringe of pegging graft: the wide bevel of scion, facing to the stock xylem, is slowly inserted scion, treat the scion inclined-plane till semicircular in shape on clip, the top 0.3cm that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.For the stock that 10a gives birth to, can be in each scion of different azimuth grafting 2-4;
4. bondage: connect rear first two-layer soft paper being drawn to 2/5 place with cutter in a side, pack tightly in grafting part, insulation, moisturizing, protection against the tide and anti-sun direct projection, and then with the plastic strip bondage, get final product.In order to improve survival rate, plastic strip can be kept away during bondage on bud around,, with clip sealing in scion, return finally lower knotting;
(5) managing after grafting
Survived in general about 1 month after grafting, will remove the plastic strip of bondage after surviving, and at the offside fixed length 15cm of scion, the bamboo pole of thick 1cm left and right, in case windbreak.Strengthen rich water quality management, diseases and pests controlling, and the sprout tillers of in time erasing.Nursery stock after grafting is adopted the trunk band girdle, draws branch and carves the processing mode such as bud, guarantee that leaf seed ginkgo can accurately express after grafting.
2. the propagation method of a kind of leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability expression according to claim 1, is characterized in that the selection of step (4) graft technology, selects to insert the skin graft technology, can improve graft survival rate.
3. the propagation method expressed of a kind of leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the selection of step (2) stock and scion, for making the expression of leaf seed ginkgo genetic stability, selecting the living healthy and strong branch of 3a-5a on 800a leaf seed ginkgo is scion, the seedling that 5a-10a gives birth to, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 3cm is above is stock, after making grafting, treelet does sth. in advance result, and meeting rear 3a just has the seed bearing generation of leaf.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104126419A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-05 | 山东农业大学 | Method for building old gingko tree excellent clonal seed orchard |
| CN106386052A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 柳州放心源农业有限公司 | Biological high-yield cultivation method for gingko |
| CN107493855A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-22 | 许明东 | The simple and easy method of northern fruit tree improvement high position grafting branch safe overwintering |
| CN108112365A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-06-05 | 黄颖 | Actinidia tree engrafting method |
| CN108651031A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-10-16 | 文成县彩叶树绿化苗木专业合作社 | A method of gold leaf ginkgo being grafted on ginkgo growing directly from seeds |
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| PL176435B1 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1999-05-31 | Akad Rolnicza | Method of preparing a plant material needed to set up plantations of ginkgo biloba l. |
| UA26216U (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2007-09-10 | Do Botan Gardens Of Nat Academ | Method of vegetative propagation of maidenhair tree (ginkgo biloba l.) |
| CN103004480A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 山东农业大学 | Ancient tree rejuvenation technology based on inverted bark-whip grafting for ginkgobiloba |
| CN103181286A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-07-03 | 山东农业大学 | Method for overcoming topophysis in vegetative propagation of gingkoes |
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2013
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| PL176435B1 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1999-05-31 | Akad Rolnicza | Method of preparing a plant material needed to set up plantations of ginkgo biloba l. |
| UA26216U (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2007-09-10 | Do Botan Gardens Of Nat Academ | Method of vegetative propagation of maidenhair tree (ginkgo biloba l.) |
| CN103004480A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 山东农业大学 | Ancient tree rejuvenation technology based on inverted bark-whip grafting for ginkgobiloba |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104126419A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-05 | 山东农业大学 | Method for building old gingko tree excellent clonal seed orchard |
| CN104126419B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-05-18 | 山东农业大学 | Ginkgo ancient tree choiceness breeding garden method for building up |
| CN107493855A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-22 | 许明东 | The simple and easy method of northern fruit tree improvement high position grafting branch safe overwintering |
| CN106386052A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 柳州放心源农业有限公司 | Biological high-yield cultivation method for gingko |
| CN108112365A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-06-05 | 黄颖 | Actinidia tree engrafting method |
| CN108651031A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-10-16 | 文成县彩叶树绿化苗木专业合作社 | A method of gold leaf ginkgo being grafted on ginkgo growing directly from seeds |
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Application publication date: 20131113 |