CN110249814A - A kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding - Google Patents
A kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN110249814A CN110249814A CN201910389459.8A CN201910389459A CN110249814A CN 110249814 A CN110249814 A CN 110249814A CN 201910389459 A CN201910389459 A CN 201910389459A CN 110249814 A CN110249814 A CN 110249814A
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- tea
- fringe bar
- cuttage
- grafting
- scion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
Abstract
The invention belongs to the numerous protection technique of the expansion of plant resources, the method for specially a kind of rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding.A kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding, comprising the following steps: 1) fringe bar acquisition and it is fresh-keeping；2) it grafts and manages；3) managing after grafting；4) fringe bar maintenance and fringe bar acquisition are fresh-keeping；5) cuttage；6) it is managed after cuttage.By the newborn branch in grafting directly as cuttage fringe bar, the characteristics of using grafting fast growing, Lai Kuofan cuttage fringe bar guarantees cuttage and seedling culture seedling quantity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the numerous protection technique of the expansion of plant resources, specially a kind of rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding
Method.
Background technique
Tea industry continues, developing in a healthy way needs special germplasm support, and the industrialization of characteristic tea product is substantially with special
Germ plasm resource lead, the Zhe Bei eighties in last century find " Anji white tea ", become the new bright spot of China's green tea, lighted green tea
The upsurge that " white tea " strain is developed in class.However, it was found that these tea tree Special Resources are often single plant resource, resource quantity pole
It is few, it is difficult to which that quick asexual propagation expands population, the demands such as hinders the criticism of Resources of Tea Plant, excavation, utilizes.Because of the invention one
The method of the kind rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding is particularly important.
Graft Technique of Tea Plant is carried out using the function with callus after plant injury.When grafting, two are made to hurt face
Forming layer it is close and tighten together, due to hyperplasia act on, be healing each other to vascular tissue links together one
A entirety.The characteristics of tea tree grafting utilizes the absorbability and nutrition library of the original heavy root system of tea tree stock, it is significant to cause into garden
Shorten, while keeping the quality of scion original seed, therefore has that expand that numerous period is short, resistance, quality is good, survival rate is high etc. excellent
Point.Tea cutting technology mainly undergoes the forming process of the generation of callus, development and adventitious root, is able to maintain improved tea variety
Merit, have the advantages that mass propagation coefficient, be that tea tree asexual multiplication seedling is most common, top quality method it
One.
The method of tea tree fast breeding has single node cutting, container cutting plant culture and grafting etc. at present, but is not suitable for dilute
There is special tea germplasm.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding, is primarily adapted for use in ancient tea tree, old tea place, group
The rare special tea germplasm such as body kind tea place, i.e. Resources of Tea Plant are only capable of providing few tea tree fringe bar, are also applied for endangered
Or the numerous protection of expansion of ancient tea tree
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding, comprising the following steps:
1) fringe bar acquisition and fresh-keeping: ancient tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place find the fringe bar of rare special tea germplasm；
2) it grafts and manages: fringe bar is cut into the scion with the 1-2 healthy and strong long 2-5cm of axillary bud, it is stand-by to cut flat point；Choosing
Take diameter in 1.5-4.5cm, the age of tree is 6-12, the tea tree of high ground 2-8cm scabble it is smooth be used as graft stock, using cleft grafting
Method grafting is placed in the middle or cross cuts out stock with grafting knife, and scion is inserted into stock by depth 1.5-3.5cm, make stock bast and
Scion bast is completely coincident, and is coated entire interface with wide 1.5-4.0cm grafting membrane, is reserved the growing space of bud slightly；
3) managing after grafting: being covered and sealed with overlay arch, and it is 90%-98%, periphery that humidity is kept in film
It is covered and is fixed with the sunshade net of shading rate 50%-80%, sufficiently healed to scion with stock, and scion sprouting reaches 10-
When 15cm, removes terminal bud and open film, then every non-grafting twig on 10-20 days cleaning stocks；
4) fringe bar maintenance and fringe bar acquisition are fresh-keeping: when grafting tea tree reaches 50~90cm after 4-8 months, ditch spread compound fertilizer
Guarantee growth of tea plant, tea tree topping in 15-20 days before cuttage guarantees that fringe bar is healthy and strong mature, protected after clip with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth
It is wet, it is placed on the fringe bar taken back in the bubble chamber that humidity is 85%-98% as cuttage；
5) cuttage: fringe bar is cut into there are the cuttings of the long 3-5cm of one leaf of an axillary bud, with after medicining liquid dipping 1-2h of taking root
Adequate disinfection and drenched seedbed cuttage；
6) it is managed after cuttage: before cuttage current year is overwintering, being sterilized every 10-20 days, keep seedbed shading rate 50%-80%,
Humidity 70%-90%.Additional fertilizer, guarantee tea shoot growing nutrient supply every 20-40 days after April.
Preferably, step 1 middle ancient times tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place fringe bar, clip current year it is newborn and
Lignifying diameter is the branch of 0.2-0.6cm, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing, is placed on the foam that humidity is 85%-98%
It is taken back in case as grafting fringe bar；
Preferably, step 5 seedbed specification is 1-1.5m wide, 25-35cm high, and pH 5.0-6.0 tea tree is dedicated
Seedling medium.
Preferably, the cuttage standard of the step 5 is line-spacing 10-25cm, spacing in the rows 4-8cm cuttage.
Preferably, the seedling medium is turf, perlite, vermiculite and bamboo charcoal, wherein turf: perlite: leech
Stone: the proportion of bamboo charcoal is 3:1:1:0.5.
The advantages and benefits of the present invention are: the newborn branch in grafting is utilized grafting directly as cuttage fringe bar
The characteristics of fast growing, Lai Kuofan cuttage fringe bar guarantee cuttage and seedling culture seedling quantity.By way of grafting and cuttage is combined,
Can be even more to 50 branches by breeding within grafting half a year from 1 plant of resource by the rare special tea germplasm of excavation, then
Even more to 300 plants of tea shoots by breeding within cuttage 1 year by 50 root graft branches, breeding efficiency improves 3 times or more, in short-term
It is interior substantially to expand resource quantity, it is satisfied with the research to rare special tea germplasm, exploitation.
Specific embodiment
Below to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding, comprising the following steps:
1) fringe bar acquisition and fresh-keeping: ancient tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place find the fringe bar of rare Resources of Tea Plant, described
Step 1 middle ancient times tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place fringe bar, the branch that clip current year is newborn and lignifying diameter is 0.2-0.6cm
Item is placed in the bubble chamber that humidity is 85% and is taken back as grafting fringe bar with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing；
2) it grafts and manages: fringe bar is cut into the scion with 1 long 2-5cm of healthy and strong axillary bud, it is stand-by to cut flat point；It chooses
For diameter in 2.0-3.5cm, the age of tree is 6 years, and the tea tree of high ground 4cm is scabbled smooth as graft stock, is grafted using cleft graft
Placed in the middle or cross cuts out stock with grafting knife, scion is inserted into stock by depth 2.8cm, makes stock bast and scion bast
It is completely coincident, coats entire interface with wide 2.0cm grafting membrane, reserve the growing space of bud slightly；
3) managing after grafting: being covered and sealed with overlay arch, and it is 78% that humidity is kept in film, periphery shading
The sunshade net of rate 50% is covered and is fixed, and is sufficiently healed to scion with stock, and when scion sprouting reaches 13cm, removes terminal bud
And film is opened, every non-grafting twig on 12 days cleaning stocks；
4) fringe bar maintenance and fringe bar acquisition are fresh-keeping: when grafting tea tree reaches 52cm after 4 months, ditch spread compound fertilizer guarantees tea
Tree growth, tea tree topping in 17 days before cuttage guarantee that fringe bar is healthy and strong mature, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing after clip, are placed on
The fringe bar as cuttage is taken back in the bubble chamber that humidity is 85%；
5) cuttage: fringe bar is cut into there are the cuttings of the long 3cm of one leaf of an axillary bud, with after medicining liquid dipping 1h of taking root abundant
Disinfection and drenched seedbed cuttage, step 5 seedbed specification are 1m wide, the dedicated seedling medium of 5.0 tea tree of 26cm high, pH, institute
Stating seedling medium is turf, perlite, vermiculite and bamboo charcoal, and wherein turf: perlite: vermiculite: the proportion of bamboo charcoal is 3:1:1:
0.5, the cuttage standard of the step 5 is line-spacing 12cm, spacing in the rows 4cm cuttage.
6) it is managed after cuttage: before cuttage current year is overwintering, being sterilized every 13 days, keep seedbed shading rate 50%, humidity 76%.
Additional fertilizer, guarantee tea shoot growing nutrient supply every 24 days after April.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding, comprising the following steps:
1) fringe bar acquisition and fresh-keeping: ancient tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place find the fringe bar of rare Resources of Tea Plant, described
Step 1 middle ancient times tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place fringe bar, the branch that clip current year is newborn and lignifying diameter is 0.2-0.6cm
Item is placed in the bubble chamber that humidity is 90% and is taken back as grafting fringe bar with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing；
2) it grafts and manages: fringe bar is cut into the scion with 1 long 2-5cm of healthy and strong axillary bud, it is stand-by to cut flat point；It chooses
For diameter in 3.5-4.5cm, the age of tree is 10 years, and the tea tree of high ground 5cm is scabbled smooth as graft stock, is grafted using cleft graft
Stock is cut out with grafting knife cross, scion is inserted into stock by depth 3.2cm, keeps stock bast and scion bast completely heavy
It closes, coats entire interface with wide 3cm grafting membrane, reserve the growing space of bud slightly；
3) managing after grafting: being covered and sealed with overlay arch, and it is 95% that humidity is kept in film, periphery shading
The sunshade net of rate 60% is covered and is fixed, and is sufficiently healed to scion with stock, and when scion sprouting reaches 15cm, removes terminal bud
And film is opened, every non-grafting twig on 15 days cleaning stocks；
4) fringe bar maintenance and fringe bar acquisition are fresh-keeping: when grafting tea tree reaches 70cm after 6 months, ditch spread compound fertilizer guarantees tea
Tree growth, tea tree topping in 16 days before cuttage guarantee that fringe bar is healthy and strong mature, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing after clip, are placed on
The fringe bar as cuttage is taken back in the bubble chamber that humidity is 95%；
5) cuttage: fringe bar is cut into there are the cuttings of the long 3-5cm of one leaf of an axillary bud, with after medicining liquid dipping 1.5h of taking root
Adequate disinfection and drenched seedbed cuttage, step 5 seedbed specification are 1.2m wide, the dedicated nursery of 5.0 tea tree of 30cm high, pH
Matrix, the seedling medium are turf, perlite, vermiculite and bamboo charcoal, and wherein turf: perlite: vermiculite: the proportion of bamboo charcoal is 3:
1:1:0.5, the cuttage standard of the step 5 are line-spacing 17cm, spacing in the rows 6cm cuttage.
6) it is managed after cuttage: before cuttage current year is overwintering, being sterilized every 15 days, keep seedbed shading rate 60%, humidity 85%.
Additional fertilizer, guarantee tea shoot growing nutrient supply every 30 days after April.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding, comprising the following steps:
1) fringe bar acquisition and fresh-keeping: ancient tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place find the fringe bar of rare Resources of Tea Plant, described
Step 1 middle ancient times tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place fringe bar, the branch that clip current year is newborn and lignifying diameter is 0.2-0.6cm
Item is placed in the bubble chamber that humidity is 95% and is taken back as grafting fringe bar with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing；
2) it grafts and manages: fringe bar is cut into the scion with 2 long 2-5cm of healthy and strong axillary bud, it is stand-by to cut flat point；It chooses
For diameter in 3.0-4.5cm, the age of tree is 12 years, and the tea tree of high ground 7cm is scabbled smooth as graft stock, is grafted using cleft graft
Stock is cut out with grafting knife cross, scion is inserted into stock by depth 3.5cm, keeps stock bast and scion bast completely heavy
It closes, coats entire interface with wide 3.5cm grafting membrane, reserve the growing space of bud slightly；
3) managing after grafting: being covered and sealed with overlay arch, and it is 95% that humidity is kept in film, periphery shading
The sunshade net of rate 75% is covered and is fixed, and is sufficiently healed to scion with stock, and when scion sprouting reaches 15cm, removes terminal bud
And film is opened, every non-grafting twig on 18 days cleaning stocks；
4) fringe bar maintenance and fringe bar acquisition are fresh-keeping: when grafting tea tree reaches 87cm after 8 months, ditch spread compound fertilizer guarantees tea
Tree growth, tea tree topping in 20 days before cuttage guarantee that fringe bar is healthy and strong mature, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing after clip, are placed on
The fringe bar as cuttage is taken back in the bubble chamber that humidity is 92%；
5) cuttage: fringe bar is cut into there are the cuttings of the long 5cm of one leaf of an axillary bud, with after medicining liquid dipping 2h of taking root abundant
Disinfection and drenched seedbed cuttage, step 5 seedbed specification are 1.5m wide, the dedicated seedling medium of 6.0 tea tree of 32cm high, pH,
The seedling medium is turf, perlite, vermiculite and bamboo charcoal, and wherein turf: perlite: vermiculite: the proportion of bamboo charcoal is 3:1:1:
0.5, the cuttage standard of the step 5 is line-spacing 22cm, spacing in the rows 8cm cuttage.
6) it is managed after cuttage: before cuttage current year is overwintering, being sterilized every 18 days, keep seedbed shading rate 75%, humidity 90%.
Additional fertilizer, guarantee tea shoot growing nutrient supply every 30 days after April.
Grafting plus cuttage seedling raising method using effect
Effect 1
In May, 2016, using " purple cuckoo " tea tree breed as scion, wuniu early tea tree kind is stock.First in " purple cuckoo " nothing
The consistent fringe bar of clip growing way 20 is placed in bubble chamber with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing in property system tea place, is randomly selected
Fringe bar is cut into 60, scion of 2-5cm by 10 fringe bars, and it is stand-by to cut flat point for the axillary bud with 1-2 stalwartness in each scion；
" black ox the is early " clonal cultivar for choosing 6 years age of trees, retains from the ground highly in 2-8cm as graft stock, stock is scabbled
It is smooth, it is grafted using cleft graft, coats entire interface with grafting membrane.25 stocks are grafted, place one by each graft stock
Cup clear water, is covered and is sealed with overlay arch, and periphery is covered and fixed with sunshade net.It is sufficiently cured to scion with stock
It closes, and when scion sprouting reaches 10-15cm, removal terminal bud simultaneously opens film, and branch newborn on stock was cleared up every 10-20 days
Item.2016 Nian9Yue ditch spread compound fertilizers, fringe bar in October, 2016 topping.In Septembers, 2016 and survival rate and fringe bar are counted respectively November
Length.(as shown in table 1)
The survival rate and cuttings length of the grafting fringe bar of table 1
Guaranteeing that fringe bar is healthy and strong mature, the fringe bar of clip semi-lignified 49, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth in November, 2016
Moisturizing is placed on the fringe bar taken back in bubble chamber as grafting.By fringe bar be cut into 3-5cm there are the cuttings 340 of one leaf of a bud
A, with taking root, medicining liquid dipping 1-2h is to be inserted.Seedbed specification is 1.5m wide, 30cm high, and the seedbed dedicated seedling medium of tea tree fills
Divide disinfection and presses line-spacing 10cm, spacing in the rows 4cm cuttage after drenching.Before cuttage current year is overwintering, guarantee shading rate 80%；Every 10-20
Its disinfection 1 time, keeping seedling bed soil moisture content is 80% or so.It was applied every 20 days in April, 2017 Water soluble fertilizer 1 time, reinforces disease
Cordyceps sinensis management.In May, 2017, in November, 2017 counts cuttage shoot survival percent, average height of seedling (as shown in table 2)
The survival rate and average height of seedling of 2 cuttage tea shoot of table
Cuttage seedling raising method
In May, 2016, fringe bar 20 of the same length of clip in " purple cuckoo " clone tea place, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth
Moisturizing is placed in bubble chamber, with season choose 10 fringe bars, by fringe bar be cut into 3-5cm there are the cuttings 70 of one leaf of a bud
A, with taking root, medicining liquid dipping 1-2h is to be inserted.Seedbed specification is 1.5m wide, 30cm high, and the seedbed dedicated seedling medium of tea tree fills
Divide disinfection and presses line-spacing 10cm, spacing in the rows 4cm cuttage after drenching.Before cuttage current year is overwintering, guarantee shade rate 70~90%；Early period is every
It was sterilized 1 time every 10-20 days, keeping seedling bed soil moisture content is 80% or so.In September, 2016~November, in April, 2017~6
The moon was applied Water soluble fertilizer 1 time every 20 days, reinforced Pest organism management.In in November, 2016, in May, 2017, in November, 2017 counts skewer
Seedlings plugging survival rate, average height of seedling.(as shown in table 3)
The survival rate and average height of seedling of 3 cuttage tea shoot of table
As a result with analysis with the invention patent grafting plus the data comparison of cuttage seedling raising method and independent seedling method.(such as table 4
It is shown)
4 two kinds of table different method for culturing seedlings comparisons
280 tea shoots can be brought out in 1.5 years with this patent grafting plus cuttage seedling raising method, and independent cuttage seedling raising method
63 seedlings are brought out in 1 year, improve 300% than independent cuttage seedling raising method breeding efficiency using grafting plus cuttage seedling raising method.
Effect 2
The special single plant resource of tea tree " Yunling is No. 1 purple " (money is found on Wenzhou You ila county Nanxijiang river Yunling mountain in May, 2016
Source acquisition number), it clip fringe bar 6, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing, is placed in bubble chamber, fringe bar is cut into connecing for 2-5cm
Fringe 32, with 1-2 healthy and strong axillary bud in each scion, cut flat point for use；Choose " Fuding great Bai " clone of 7 years age of trees
Tea tree, retain from the ground height in 2-8cm as graft stock, stock is scabbled smooth, is grafted using cleft graft, use grafting membrane
Coat entire interface.Graft 12 stocks, by each graft stock place one glass of clear water, with overlay arch covering and
Sealing, periphery are covered and are fixed with sunshade net.It sufficiently heals to scion with stock, and when scion sprouting reaches 10-15cm, goes
Except terminal bud and film is opened, every branch newborn on 10-20 days cleaning stocks.2016 Nian9Yue ditch spread compound fertilizers.2016 10
The topping of month fringe bar, in Septembers, 2016 and counts survival rate and cuttings length November respectively.(as shown in table 5)
The survival rate and cuttings length of the grafting fringe bar of table 5
Guaranteeing that fringe bar is healthy and strong mature, the fringe bar of clip semi-lignified 28, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth in November, 2016
Moisturizing is placed on the fringe bar taken back in bubble chamber as grafting.By fringe bar be cut into 3-5cm there are the cuttings 170 of one leaf of a bud
A, with taking root, medicining liquid dipping 1-2h is to be inserted.Seedbed specification is 1.5m wide, 30cm high, and the seedbed dedicated seedling medium of tea tree fills
Divide disinfection and presses line-spacing 10cm, spacing in the rows 4cm cuttage after drenching.Before cuttage current year is overwintering, guarantee shade rate 80%；Every 10-20
Its disinfection 1 time, keeping seedling bed soil moisture content is 80% or so.It was applied every 20 days in April, 2017 Water soluble fertilizer 1 time, reinforces disease
Cordyceps sinensis management.In May, 2017, in November, 2017 counts cuttage shoot survival percent, average height of seedling.(as shown in table 6)
The survival rate and cuttings length of the grafting fringe bar of table 6
As a result with analysis
151 tea shoots were brought out within 1.5 years time with this patent grafting plus cuttage seedling raising method.
Effect 3
The special single plant resource of tea tree " Taishan 1 " (collection of resources is found in Lishui City White Cloud Mountain Taishan in June, 2017
Number), it clip fringe bar 8, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing, is placed in bubble chamber, fringe bar is cut into the scion 45 of 2-5cm
It is a, with 1-2 healthy and strong axillary bud in each scion, it is stand-by to cut flat point；" Dragon Well tea 43 " clonal cultivar of 10 years age of trees is chosen,
Retain from the ground height in 2-8cm as graft stock, stock is scabbled smooth, is grafted using cleft graft, coated with grafting membrane
Entire interface.15 stocks are grafted, one glass of clear water is placed by each graft stock, are covered with overlay arch and close
Envelope, periphery are covered and are fixed with sunshade net.It sufficiently heals to scion with stock, and when scion sprouting reaches 10-15cm, removal
Terminal bud simultaneously opens film, every branch newborn on 10-20 days cleaning stocks.2017 Nian9Yue ditch spread compound fertilizers, in October, 2017
Fringe bar topping.In Septembers, 2017 and count survival rate and cuttings length November respectively, as shown in table 7,
Table 7 grafts the survival rate and cuttings length of fringe bar
The survival rate and cuttings length of the grafting fringe bar of table 7
Guaranteeing that fringe bar is healthy and strong mature, the fringe bar of clip semi-lignified 37, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth in November, 2017
Moisturizing is placed on the fringe bar taken back in bubble chamber as cuttage.By fringe bar be cut into 3-5cm there are the cuttings 210 of one leaf of a bud
A, with taking root, medicining liquid dipping 1-2h is to be inserted.Seedbed specification is 1.5m wide, 30cm high, and the seedbed dedicated seedling medium of tea tree fills
Divide disinfection and presses line-spacing 10cm, spacing in the rows 4cm cuttage after drenching.Before cuttage current year is overwintering, guarantee shade rate 80%；Every 10-20
Its disinfection 1 time, keeping seedling bed soil moisture content is 80% or so.It was applied every 20 days in April, 2018 Water soluble fertilizer 1 time, reinforces disease
Cordyceps sinensis management.In May, 2018, it is as shown in table 8 to count cuttage shoot survival percent, average height of seedling in November, 2018,
Table 8, the survival rate and cuttings length of cuttage fringe bar
As a result with analysis
185 tea shoots are brought out within the time in 1.42 with this patent grafting plus cuttage seedling raising method.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) fringe bar acquisition and fresh-keeping: ancient tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place find the fringe bar of rare special tea germplasm, clip
Current year is newborn and lignifying diameter is the branch of 0.2-0.6cm, and with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing, being placed on humidity is 85%-
It is taken back in 98% bubble chamber as grafting fringe bar；
2) it grafts and manages: fringe bar is cut into the scion with the 1-2 healthy and strong long 2-5cm of axillary bud, it is stand-by to cut flat point；It chooses straight
For diameter in 1.5-4.5cm, the age of tree is 6-12, the tea tree of high ground 2-8cm scabble it is smooth be used as graft stock, transferred using cleft graft
Connect placed in the middle or cross cuts out stock with grafting knife, scion is inserted into stock by depth 1.5-3.5cm, makes stock bast and scion
Bast is completely coincident, and is coated entire interface with wide 1.5-4.0cm grafting membrane, is reserved the growing space of bud slightly；
3) managing after grafting: being covered and sealed with overlay arch, and it is 90%-98%, periphery shading that humidity is kept in film
The sunshade net of rate 50%-80% is covered and is fixed, and is sufficiently healed to scion with stock, and when scion sprouting reaches 10-15cm, is gone
Except terminal bud and film is opened, then every non-grafting twig on 10-20 days cleaning stocks；
4) fringe bar maintenance and fringe bar acquisition are fresh-keeping: when grafting tea tree reaches 50 ~ 90cm after 4-8 months, ditch spread compound fertilizer guarantees
Growth of tea plant, tea tree topping in 15-20 days before cuttage guarantee that fringe bar is healthy and strong mature, with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing after clip, put
Set the fringe bar taken back in the bubble chamber that humidity is 85%-98% as cuttage；
5) cuttage: fringe bar is cut into there are the cuttings of the long 3-5cm of one leaf of an axillary bud, with after medicining liquid dipping 1-2h of taking root abundant
Disinfection and drenched seedbed cuttage；
6) it is managed after cuttage: before cuttage current year is overwintering, being sterilized every 10-20 days, keep seedbed shading rate 50%-80%, humidity
70%-90%, additional fertilizer, guarantee tea shoot growing nutrient supply every 20-40 days after April.
2. a kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding according to patent requirements 1, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid 1 middle ancient times tea tree, old tea place, group's kind tea place fringe bar, the branch that clip current year is newborn and lignifying diameter is 0.2-0.6cm
Item is placed in the bubble chamber that humidity is 85%-98% and is taken back as grafting fringe bar with wet newspaper or thin wet cloth moisturizing.
3. a kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid 5 seedbed specification is 1-1.5m wide, 25-35cm high, the dedicated seedling medium of pH 5.0-6.0 tea tree.
4. a kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid 5 cuttage standard is line-spacing 10-25cm, spacing in the rows 4-8cm cuttage.
5. a kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described to educate
Seedling matrix is turf, perlite, vermiculite and bamboo charcoal, and wherein turf: perlite: vermiculite: the proportion of bamboo charcoal is 3:1:1:0.5.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910389459.8A CN110249814A (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2019-05-10 | A kind of method of the rare special tea germplasm of fast breeding |
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| CN110622717A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2019-12-31 | 丽水市农业科学研究院 | Landscape tea tree cultivation method |
| CN110679312A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-14 | 晴隆县沙子镇果苗园艺基地 | Rapid propagation method for navel orange seedlings |
| CN110839423A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-28 | 青川县绿玉七佛贡茶有限责任公司 | Method for breeding and grafting Qifo tribute tea purple bud tea |
| CN111149529A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-15 | 保山市农业技术推广中心 | Breeding method of ancient tea tree resource living materials |
| CN112640720A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-04-13 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Rapid breeding method for germplasm resources of rare and thick-axis tea |
| CN113197007A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-03 | 广西岑溪天晟茶业股份有限公司 | Domestication utilization method of wild tea tree resources |
| CN113678652A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-23 | 广东绿湖园艺股份有限公司 | Cutting seedling method of ancient tea trees |
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| CN110679312A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-14 | 晴隆县沙子镇果苗园艺基地 | Rapid propagation method for navel orange seedlings |
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| CN113197007A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-03 | 广西岑溪天晟茶业股份有限公司 | Domestication utilization method of wild tea tree resources |
| CN113678652A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-23 | 广东绿湖园艺股份有限公司 | Cutting seedling method of ancient tea trees |
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