CN105210769A - Nursery stock kind fast breeding method - Google Patents
Nursery stock kind fast breeding method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105210769A CN105210769A CN201510649851.3A CN201510649851A CN105210769A CN 105210769 A CN105210769 A CN 105210769A CN 201510649851 A CN201510649851 A CN 201510649851A CN 105210769 A CN105210769 A CN 105210769A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grafting
- branch
- bud
- blade
- tree
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of nursery stock kind fast breeding method, comprising: choose the stock tree that 5 ~ 10 years upgrowth situations are good; Kind grafting will be bred on stock tree; In grafting part, its branch cuts off or saws and removes by the position of 2 ~ 3cm; When the newborn branch of the kind bud on elite stand reaches 10 ~ 15 blades, retain 1 ~ 2 blade, its top kind branch is wiped out, and by the blade removal of kind branch; Stock tree is selected not have lignified branch to carry out grafting as female parent then; Kind bud to be grafted survives, and in grafting part, the position of 1 ~ 3cm is wiped out, or grafting part retains a blade, or in grafting part, the position of 3 ~ 5cm adopts girdling method, forces kind bud germination stripping.The present invention program solves that current nursery stock variety breeding coefficient is low, the time is long, is difficult to the problem of extensive nursery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plantation raising technology field of nursery stock, be specifically related to a kind of nursery stock kind fast breeding method.
Background technology
Outside the primary influences factor of breeding fruit tree except natural weather and environment, the oeverall quality of the current seedling of China is on the low side, base for kind of rate and breeding utilization rate low; Barrier between different departments, nursery stock production scale is small and scattered.Small-sized nursery or family's seedling raising manners become to take as the leading factor, and industrialization nursery still needs to greatly develop.At present, breed the basic skills of sapling have grow directly from seeds, grafting, cuttage, press strip and plant division etc.Namely Seedling propagation broadcasts seed seedling-raising, although method is simple, reproduction coefficient is a lot, and seedling is very fast, and the life-span is also very long.But the variation of kind property is large, the merit of kind is difficult to protection, and result is slow.Propagation by layering can divide again high pressure and low pressure two kinds of methods, although it keeps the merit of maternal plant, seedling is fast, and also early, reproduction coefficient is very low, is difficult to extensive nursery, can not as the propagation method of commodity nursery stock production for result.The time of breeding of existing fruit nursery stock is long, efficiency is low, comparatively large for northern natural weather environmental change especially, is more unfavorable for breeding of nursery stock kind.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nursery stock kind fast breeding method.Solve that current nursery stock variety breeding coefficient is low, the time is long, is difficult to the problem of extensive nursery.
A kind of nursery stock kind fast breeding method provided by the invention, comprises the steps: that (1) chooses the good tree of 5 ~ 10 years upgrowth situations, as stock tree; (2) adopt bud grafting, bark graft or stem grafting method grafting on the branch or trunk of stock tree breeding kind; (3) prune branch or the trunk of stock tree, in grafting part, its branch cuts off or saws and removes by the position of 2 ~ 3cm; (4) treat that the branch of stock tree or the kind bud of trunk grafting germinate, branch out; (5) when the newborn branch of the kind bud on elite stand reaches 10 ~ 15 blades, retain 1 ~ 2 blade, its top kind branch is wiped out, and by the blade removal of kind branch, in this, as kind scion; (6) select stock tree there is no lignified branch then as female parent, adopt bud grafting, bark graft or stem grafting method to carry out grafting; (7) kind bud to be grafted survives, and in grafting part, the position of 1 ~ 3cm is wiped out; Or grafting part retains a blade, and the plumule under this blade is cut off, on this blade, the position of 1cm is wiped out, and forces kind bud germination stripping; The position of 3 ~ 5cm adopts girdling method again or in grafting part, forces kind bud germination stripping; (8) through 17 ~ 21 days, kind bud is branched out and is grown into 10 ~ 15 blades, survives, cycling step (5) ~ (7).
Preferably, described step (2) in the fall or carry out spring, with bud grafting mode will the grafting of breeding kind on stock tree branch raw then.
Preferably, described step (2) in the fall or carry out spring, with scion grafting mode will the grafting of breeding kind on the trunk of stock tree.
Preferably, the tree crown place of setting up a separatist regime by force of arms in the winter time or carry out spring, wraps up after pruning by described step (3).
Preferably, kind bud described in described step (4) is the kind bud of stock tree back branch.
Preferably, described step (5) is when the newborn branch of the kind bud on elite stand reaches 10 ~ 15 blades, retain 1 ~ 2 blade, its top kind branch is wiped out, base of leaf 0.2 ~ the 0.4cm of leaf bud is retained when wiping out non-lignification kind branch, remainder base of leaf and blade are all wiped out, as kind scion.
Preferably, completing steps (6) 2 ~ 4 days afterwards, observes Grafted Variety color, to identify the situation of surviving; As identical with kind branch color, expression survives, and darkens or blackening, represents that kind does not survive, needs grafting again.
Nursery stock kind fast breeding method provided by the invention, the tree selecting 5 ~ 10 years upgrowth situations good is cooked stock tree, and its nutrition is abundant, and growth is fast; Meanwhile, use and continue for lignified; Carry out breeding of nursery stock kind, realize several times a year grafting, improve kind bud quantity, the repoductive time of usual 3 to five years, shorten to one-year age and complete, extend the shoot growth time, accelerate the speed of breeding.
Embodiment
Below technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
A kind of nursery stock kind of the present invention fast breeding method, comprises the steps:
(1) tree that 5 ~ 10 years upgrowth situations are good is chosen, as stock tree;
(2) grafting, will breed kind and adopt bud grafting, the branch of the method graftings such as bark graft or minor matters (i.e. grafting) on stock tree or trunk;
(3) prune branch or the trunk of stock tree, in grafting part, its branch cuts off or saws and removes by the position of 2 ~ 3cm;
(4) treat that the branch of stock tree or the kind bud of trunk grafting germinate, branch out;
(5) when the newborn branch of the kind bud on elite stand reaches 10 ~ 15 blades, retain 1 ~ 2 blade, its top kind branch is wiped out, and by the blade removal of kind branch, in this, as the scion (not lignified scion) of kind bud;
(6) select stock tree not have lignified branch then as female parent, adopt bud grafting, bark graft, the grafting methods such as scion grafting carry out grafting.
(7) kind bud to be grafted survives, and in grafting part, the position of 1 ~ 3cm is wiped out; Or grafting part retains a blade, and the plumule under this blade is cut off, on this blade, the position of 1cm is wiped out.Force kind bud germination stripping; The position of 3 ~ 5cm adopts girdling method again or in grafting part, forces kind bud germination stripping;
(8) through 17 ~ 21 days, kind bud is branched out and is grown into 10 ~ 15 blades, survives, cycling step (5) ~ (7).Solve that current nursery stock variety breeding coefficient is low, the time is long, is difficult to the problem of extensive nursery.
Wherein, described step (2) is carried out, in the fall with bud grafting, bark graft, the grafting method of scion grafting (i.e. grafting), will need to breed the grafting of kind bud on the vigorous stock tree branch of nutrition raw then, or on the back branch of the vigorous maternal trunk of nutrition; Or will kind grafting be bred on the trunk of stock tree with inserting mode.Described step (2) also can be carried out in spring.
Wherein, the tree crown place of setting up a separatist regime by force of arms in the winter time or carry out spring, wraps up after pruning by described step (3).Note avoiding injury kind bud, it is good by wound dressing after setting up a separatist regime by force of arms, in order to avoid water loss, branch is thirst to kind bud position.In addition, how many according to the needs of kind bud, reserved part elite stand, prunes or cuts off tree crown (branch or main tree crown), for varieties breeding is prepared.
Wherein, kind bud described in described step (4) is the tender shoots of stock tree back.Need meticulously to cultivate.This step mainly utilizes back Buds formation bar, has very strong growth polarity.All the other are according to the age of tree and upgrowth situation, and management and control elite stand germinates, and stays lobate condition, meet nursery stock and grow just passable normally.
Wherein, in described step (5), the newborn branch of kind bud retains 1 ~ 2 blade, its top kind branch is wiped out, wipe out base of leaf 0.2 ~ 0.4cm that kind branch (non-lignification) retains leaf bud, base of leaf and the blade of remainder are all wiped out, in this, as kind scion.This step action need is rapid, in case blade transpiring moisture, must complete this work in 2 ~ 3 minutes; And wrap up kind scion with wet cloth.
Wherein, by its not lignified scion in step (6), rapidly, minor matters (i.e. grafting) the method grafting adopting the dew bud grafting of bud, bark graft or do not reveal branch on elite stand epicormic branch, raising graft survival rate.In addition should be noted that the kind scion that the same day gathers must complete, otherwise affects the survival rate of grafting in grafting.
Completing steps (6) 2 ~ 4 days afterwards, observes Grafted Variety color, to identify the situation of surviving.As identical with kind scion (kind branch) color, expression survives, and darkens or blackening, represents that kind does not survive, needs grafting again.For the kind bud survived, wipe out on the blade top, one, kind bud top of branch, and excise the bud of root of blade, wait for that kind bud germinates and branch out.
New kind survives, and when about needing 17 ~ 21 days, bud is branched out when growing into 10 ~ 15 blades.Cycling in the same way.
When there is no grafting plan, also to manage stock tree back branch, taking to prune, making it sprout new buds, make it not reach lignification, to continue in correspondence with Grafted Variety.Thus ensure the survival rate of grafting, improve and survive speed, make it germinate as early as possible, branch out.
If early July or the middle ten days Grafted Variety bud, in order to reach finished product bud, when kind blastogenesis grows to 13 blades, take pinching, the branch making its kind blastogenesis long forms full bud fast, simultaneously lignification.Complete this work.For the general trees in the north, general branch is branched out in 6 months, the first tenday period of a month, stops branching out (namely stop growing sprouting), expands (growth) blade, main production and transport nutrition.Use the method, the kind bud going out grafting at the beginning of 7 months is branched out, and can reach finished product bud completely.
Illustrate, use conventional method, a kind bud, can breed 10 ~ 30 kind commodity buds a year, use mating system of the present invention to complete to be no less than the commodity bud of 10,000 kinds, as grafting May 1, secondary grafting May 23, three grafting June 15, four grafting July 7, grew into the kind bud fringe of finished product on August 10, calculate with 10 buds, 10 × 10 × 10 × 12=12000 at every turn.
Simple breeds kind, can also increase a grafting again, although the bud now grown out is full not in late July, do not reach commodity bud, but can grafting, to solve the problem of kind bud shortage, improve kind bud quantity, for next year breeding provides positive preparation.The utilization of mating system of the present invention, makes the repoductive time of conventional 3 years, shortens to one-year age and complete, extend the shoot growth time, improve the speed of breeding.
Set forth a lot of detail in the above description so that fully understand the present invention.But above description is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention can be much different from alternate manner described here to implement, and therefore the present invention is not by the disclosed concrete restriction implemented above.Any those skilled in the art are not departing under technical solution of the present invention ambit simultaneously, the Method and Technology content of above-mentioned announcement all can be utilized to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.Every content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (7)
1. a nursery stock kind fast breeding method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) tree that 5 ~ 10 years upgrowth situations are good is chosen, as stock tree;
(2) adopt bud grafting, bark graft or stem grafting method grafting on the branch or trunk of stock tree breeding kind;
(3) prune branch or the trunk of stock tree, in grafting part, its branch cuts off or saws and removes by the position of 2 ~ 3cm;
(4) treat that the branch of stock tree or the kind bud of trunk grafting germinate, branch out;
(5) when the newborn branch of the kind bud on elite stand reaches 10 ~ 15 blades, retain 1 ~ 2 blade, its top kind branch is wiped out, and by the blade removal of kind branch, in this, as kind scion;
(6) select stock tree there is no lignified branch then as female parent, adopt bud grafting, bark graft or stem grafting method to carry out grafting;
(7) kind bud to be grafted survives, and in grafting part, the position of 1 ~ 3cm is wiped out; Or grafting part retains a blade, and the plumule under this blade is cut off, on this blade, the position of 1cm is wiped out, and forces kind bud germination stripping; Or in grafting part, the position of 3 ~ 5cm adopts girdling method, forces kind bud germination stripping;
(8) through 17 ~ 21 days, kind bud is branched out and is grown into 10 ~ 15 blades, survives, cycling step (5) ~ (7).
2. fast breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (2) in the fall or carry out spring, with bud grafting mode will the grafting of breeding kind on stock tree branch raw then.
3. fast breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (2) in the fall or carry out spring, with scion grafting mode will the grafting of breeding kind on the trunk of stock tree.
4. fast breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the tree crown place of setting up a separatist regime by force of arms in the winter time or carry out spring, wraps up after pruning by described step (3).
5. fast breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, kind bud described in described step (4) is the kind bud of stock tree back branch.
6. fast breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (5) is when the newborn branch of the kind bud on elite stand reaches 10 ~ 15 blades, retain 1 ~ 2 blade, its top kind branch is wiped out, retain the base of leaf 0.2 ~ 0.4cm of leaf bud when wiping out non-lignification kind branch, remainder base of leaf and blade are all wiped out, as kind scion.
7. fast breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, completing steps (6) 2 ~ 4 days afterwards, observes Grafted Variety color, to identify the situation of surviving; As identical with kind branch color, expression survives, and darkens or blackening, represents that kind does not survive, needs grafting again.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510649851.3A CN105210769B (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2015-10-09 | Nursery stock kind fast breeding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510649851.3A CN105210769B (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2015-10-09 | Nursery stock kind fast breeding method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105210769A true CN105210769A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
| CN105210769B CN105210769B (en) | 2018-04-06 |
Family
ID=54980394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510649851.3A Active CN105210769B (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2015-10-09 | Nursery stock kind fast breeding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105210769B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111657037A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-15 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Litchi branch seedling circle method for changing original variety of litchi |
| CN114271114A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-05 | 翁源县恒之源农林科技有限公司 | Method for grafting, seedling raising, germination differentiation and girdling and cerclaging of evodia rutaecarpa |
| CN114793658A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-07-29 | 北京市陶然亭公园管理处 | Method for breeding Chinese flowering crabapple by high-altitude pressure bar grafting after bare-rooted branch shaping |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85108127A (en) * | 1985-11-04 | 1986-10-08 | 赵凤源 | With the multi-generation grafting of plant is the breeding method and the selection-breeding method of core |
| CN102067790A (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2011-05-25 | 山西九龙湾农林科技开发有限公司 | Multi-generation grafting and quick propagation method for arbors, shrubs and lianas |
| CN103535196A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-29 | 刁久新 | Seedling grafting breeding method |
| CN103858679A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 唐兆青 | Method for planting a plurality of ornamental trees with fruits by using old apple tree stem branches |
-
2015
- 2015-10-09 CN CN201510649851.3A patent/CN105210769B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85108127A (en) * | 1985-11-04 | 1986-10-08 | 赵凤源 | With the multi-generation grafting of plant is the breeding method and the selection-breeding method of core |
| CN102067790A (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2011-05-25 | 山西九龙湾农林科技开发有限公司 | Multi-generation grafting and quick propagation method for arbors, shrubs and lianas |
| CN103535196A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-29 | 刁久新 | Seedling grafting breeding method |
| CN103858679A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 唐兆青 | Method for planting a plurality of ornamental trees with fruits by using old apple tree stem branches |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 姜淑苓: "矮砧梨育苗技术", 《果树实用技术与信息》 * |
| 魏洪培: "果树嫁接技术应用", 《青海农林科技》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111657037A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-15 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Litchi branch seedling circle method for changing original variety of litchi |
| CN114271114A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-05 | 翁源县恒之源农林科技有限公司 | Method for grafting, seedling raising, germination differentiation and girdling and cerclaging of evodia rutaecarpa |
| CN114793658A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-07-29 | 北京市陶然亭公园管理处 | Method for breeding Chinese flowering crabapple by high-altitude pressure bar grafting after bare-rooted branch shaping |
| CN114793658B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2024-02-06 | 北京市陶然亭公园管理处 | Method for breeding crabapple by high-altitude layering grafting after shaping of bare branches |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105210769B (en) | 2018-04-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102210236B (en) | Method for establishing oil-tea camellia cutting orchard by virtue of low-position stem pruning, sprouting and cut grafting | |
| CN102282995B (en) | Cold-resistant excellent lance-leaved red anise seedling cutting propagation technology | |
| CN102090262A (en) | Method for grafting and propagating rhododendron hybrids | |
| CN104126423A (en) | Cherry grafting method | |
| CN104996171A (en) | High position grafting method for magnolia wufengensis | |
| CN105613062A (en) | Rubber superior tree tender shoot grafting, rejuvenizing and seedling growing method | |
| CN104996169A (en) | Method for grafting China rose and rose on multiflora rose | |
| CN104871837A (en) | Twig grafting method for engrafting in crown of camellia oleifera tree | |
| CN105210769A (en) | Nursery stock kind fast breeding method | |
| CN101379925B (en) | Zygocactus trurncatus cuttage method | |
| CN106613659B (en) | Grafting cultivation method of euonymus plant golden beetle | |
| CN101836577B (en) | Cutting and breeding method for tree stocks of Populus tremula P.tremuloides | |
| CN105265193B (en) | Cauliflower grafting is reserved seed for planting method | |
| US20240196807A1 (en) | Method for cultivating tung tree seedling by hypocotyle grafting | |
| CN103704030B (en) | Method for bud grafting of coffee tree | |
| CN105594460A (en) | Cultivation method for kiwi trees | |
| CN102715020A (en) | Technical method for changing apple vigorous stock young tree into permanent short stock | |
| CN102067790A (en) | Multi-generation grafting and quick propagation method for arbors, shrubs and lianas | |
| CN105409549A (en) | Method for culturing large-scale Lithocarpus oleaefolius A. Camus seedings | |
| CN1234266C (en) | Water moss implantation method | |
| CN110959397B (en) | Grafting method of taxus chinensis var mairei and construction method of hybrid seed garden of taxus chinensis var mairei | |
| CN110192490A (en) | A kind of mating mating system of Wulian poplar | |
| CN114557203B (en) | Cultivation method of double-stock high-resistance kiwi fruit grafted seedlings | |
| CN108419553A (en) | A kind of method of the numerous seedling of tara vine green branch press strip simple bud | |
| LU102263B1 (en) | A Method for Shortening the Juvenile Span by Grafting Pear Hybrid Seedling to the Rootstock of the Same Species |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |