CN103202168A - High-yield shape pruning method of green prickleyash - Google Patents
High-yield shape pruning method of green prickleyash Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield shape pruning method of green prickleyash. The high-yield shape pruning method comprises the following steps of: for earsh, pinching and remaining the trunk, leaving robust buds on the trunk; and pinching again, remaining main branches and culturing side branches on the main branches, pinching so that side branches can grow up and robust bearing branches are evenly distributed on each secondary main branch; for fruiting tree, after harvest of green prickleyash, thinning out redundant boughs, and carefully pruning branches in the crown so that the branch groups are evenly distributed; short cutting the bearing branches to the range of 3-6 cm and cutting off excessively fruiting and aging bearing branches; remaining robust buds on each branch and removing redundant buds; and removing the side branches at the base part of the trunk; and for old tree, removing old branches and breeding new branches, and prolonging the life of the tree body and the fruiting life of the tree. The high-yield shape pruning method is characterized in that shape pruning is performed at earsh, fruiting and old stages of green prickleyash, respectively, so that the tree groups are appropriate in density, the branches are even in distribution, and the crown is good in ventilation and light transmittance effects; besides, there are few plant diseases and insect pests; the yield is high; the economic service life of the green prickleyash tree is long; and fruiting can be brought forward; therefore, good quality, high yield, stable production, and low consumption are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant setting management domain, particularly relate to a kind of pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii height of tree and produce the pruning shaping methods.
Background technology
Pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii contains volatile oil and multiple unsaturated fatty acids such as linolenic acid, linoleic acid such as vitamin and citrene, cumic alcohol, geraniol, the spicy hot flavor is strong fragrant, can promote salivary secretion, increase appetite, be the indispensable flavoring of chafing dish, hot pickled mustard tube, Sichuan cuisine and curing food; Its fruit can also be made pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii oil, the capable of using as feed and fertilizer of the dregs of fat.The main pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii of making flavoring has unique medical value, effect such as have fragrant stomach invigorating, warming spleen and stomach for dispelling cold, damp dispelling and pain relieving, desinsection detoxifcation, antipruritic solution raw meat, bring high blood pressure down.China's pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii is found a good sale in ground such as Korea S, the U.S., Southeast Asia, the foreign demand strong growth, and the continuous expansion in domestic intensive processing field in addition, supply falls short of demand in market, makes the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii demand heighten, and DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT is very optimistic.
The pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii pruning shaping of planting in the process is most important to pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii output.For a long time, its cultivation uses conventional methods always, not pruning after planting, and branch group space layout is poor, ventilation and penetrating light is bad, and water sprout, intersection branch, sick branch increase, and with trunk branch contention nutrient and water, damage by disease and insect is serious, tree vigo(u)r is weak gradually, and the age of tree is short, yields poorly.
Therefore, according to pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii tree happiness light, send out that principal stresses is strong, vigorous branches the strong characteristic of fruit power, it is carried out shape pruning, be to make its skeleton firm, life-span prolongs, realize nourishing and growing and reproductive growth between balance, reach one of major technique of premature labor, high yield, stable yields.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of respectively pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii tree children age, result and aged stage to its shaping of pruning, make its tree group density suitable, branch is evenly distributed, the tree crown ventilation and penetrating light is effective, the damage by disease and insect situation is few, the output height, and the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii height of tree that can effectively prolong the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii tree life-span is produced the pruning shaping methods.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii height of tree is produced the pruning shaping methods, and it comprises earsh pruning shaping, bearing-age tree pruning shaping and aged tree pruning shaping:
Earsh pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S101: after field planting survived, when treating trunk length to 30~60cm, pinching was done surely, stays 5~7 healthy and strong buds in the different direction of trunk, and the unnecessary lateral bud of erasing is cultivated skeleton branch;
S102: the long pinching again during to 50~100cm of treelet makes its branch, then or 3~6 on the major branch selected and remain in 1 year, make 50~70 ° at its first transaction of a day's business angle, prune intensive branch off, cultivate 2~4 of side shoots on each major branch, cultivate into the secondary major branch, cut off all the other branches of major branch;
S103: during secondary major branch length to 50~100cm, pinching impels its side shoot, and the fruit bearing shoot of 3~6 stalwartnesses that evenly distribute on each secondary major branch removes intensive branch, the weak branch of children, sick branch;
S104: cultivated the fruit bearing shoot group, enlarged tree crown, it is tree-like to form high yield;
Bearing-age tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S201: after pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii is gathered, prune unnecessary bough off, the branch in the tree crown is carried out careful pruning, to dredge, remove sick branch, intensive branch, slim and frahile branch, water sprout, withered branch and descending branch, make that branch component cloth is even, for the tree crown ventilation and penetrating light creates good conditions;
S202: fruit bearing shoot is carried out cutting back, stay the limb of 3~6cm, the fruit bearing shoot that the result is too much and aging is wiped out from base portion;
S203: when treating branch germination and growth to 10~20cm, 4~6 the healthy and strong buds of selecting and remain of the different directions on each limb, the unnecessary young shoot of erasing is cultivated next year fruit bearing shoot group;
S204: prune back pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii trunk base portion and very easily sprout side shoot, smeared once every 15~25 days, smear continuously 3~4 times, until elimination;
S205: to the vegetative shoot of the growth golden mean of the Confucian school slow putting in advance, retract into the branch group behind the result, to the earlier light cutting back of prosperous branch of the growth of having living space, a little less than going to force to stay in 1 year, cultivate into the branch group;
Aged tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps: adopt rejuvenation overground part aspect to start with, take out bough, remove weak branch, stay big bud, the rejuvenation fruit bearing shoot group that upgrades in time goes old branch to support shoot, prolongs tree body life time and the time limit as a result, cuts off long trunk, stay strongly a little less than dredging, select the strong bud of vigorous branches to take the lead, to recover tree vigo(u)r.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention is simple to operate, and the green pepper farming is study and acceptance easily, and it is low to promote cost;
(2) set young age, result and aged stage to its shaping of pruning at pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii respectively, make its tree group density suitable, branch is evenly distributed, the tree crown ventilation and penetrating light is effective, the damage by disease and insect situation is few, and the output height can be regulated the nutrition of tree body, make and nourish and grow and the reproductive growth coordinated balance, prolong the economic life of pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii tree, do sth. in advance the time limit as a result, improve tree body anti-adversity ability, realize good quality and high output, the stable yields of pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii tree, low consumption.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following stated.
[embodiment 1] the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii sapling of planting mid-February in spring to March 20, its pruning shaping methods comprise earsh pruning shaping, bearing-age tree pruning shaping and aged tree pruning shaping:
Earsh pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S101: after field planting survived, when treating trunk length to 30cm, pinching was done surely, stays 5 healthy and strong buds in the different direction of trunk, and the unnecessary lateral bud of erasing is cultivated skeleton branch;
S102: the long pinching again during to 50cm of treelet, make its branch, 3 on the major branch selected and remain then makes 70 ° at its first transaction of a day's business angle, prunes intensive branch off, cultivates 2 of side shoots on each major branch, cultivates into the secondary major branch, cuts off all the other branches of major branch;
S103: the secondary major branch is long during to 50cm, and pinching impels its side shoot, and the fruit bearing shoot of 3 stalwartnesses that evenly distribute on each secondary major branch removes intensive branch, the weak branch of children, sick branch;
S104: cultivated the fruit bearing shoot group, enlarged tree crown, it is tree-like to form high yield;
Bearing-age tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S201: after pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii is gathered, prune unnecessary bough off, the branch in the tree crown is carried out careful pruning, to dredge, remove sick branch, intensive branch, slim and frahile branch, water sprout, withered branch and descending branch, make that branch component cloth is even, for the tree crown ventilation and penetrating light creates good conditions;
S202: fruit bearing shoot is carried out cutting back, stay the limb of 3cm, the fruit bearing shoot that the result is too much and aging is wiped out from base portion;
S203: when treating the branch germination and growth to 10cm, 4 the healthy and strong buds of selecting and remain of the different directions on each limb, the unnecessary young shoot of erasing is cultivated next year fruit bearing shoot group;
S204: prune back pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii trunk base portion and very easily sprout side shoot, smeared once every 15 days, smear continuously 3 times, until elimination;
S205: to the vegetative shoot of the growth golden mean of the Confucian school slow putting in advance, retract into the branch group behind the result, to the earlier light cutting back of prosperous branch of the growth of having living space, a little less than going to force to stay in 1 year, cultivate into the branch group;
Aged tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps: adopt rejuvenation overground part aspect to start with, take out bough, remove weak branch, stay big bud, the rejuvenation fruit bearing shoot group that upgrades in time goes old branch to support shoot, prolongs tree body life time and the time limit as a result, cuts off long trunk, stay strongly a little less than dredging, select the strong bud of vigorous branches to take the lead, to recover tree vigo(u)r.
[embodiment 2] the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii sapling of planting September 20 to October 10 in the fall, its pruning shaping methods comprise earsh pruning shaping, bearing-age tree pruning shaping and aged tree pruning shaping:
Earsh pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S101: after field planting survived, when treating trunk length to 60cm, pinching was done surely, stays 7 healthy and strong buds in the different direction of trunk, and the unnecessary lateral bud of erasing is cultivated skeleton branch;
S102: the long pinching again during to 100cm of treelet, make its branch, 6 on the major branch selected and remain in 1 year makes 50 ° at its first transaction of a day's business angle, prunes intensive branch off, cultivates 4 of side shoots on each major branch, cultivates into the secondary major branch, cuts off all the other branches of major branch;
S103: the secondary major branch is long during to 100cm, and pinching impels its side shoot, and the fruit bearing shoot of 6 stalwartnesses that evenly distribute on each secondary major branch removes intensive branch, the weak branch of children, sick branch;
S104: cultivated the fruit bearing shoot group, enlarged tree crown, it is tree-like to form high yield;
Bearing-age tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S201: after pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii is gathered, prune unnecessary bough off, the branch in the tree crown is carried out careful pruning, to dredge, remove sick branch, intensive branch, slim and frahile branch, water sprout, withered branch and descending branch, make that branch component cloth is even, for the tree crown ventilation and penetrating light creates good conditions;
S202: fruit bearing shoot is carried out cutting back, stay the limb of 6cm, the fruit bearing shoot that the result is too much and aging is wiped out from base portion;
S203: when treating the branch germination and growth to 20cm, 6 the healthy and strong buds of selecting and remain of the different directions on each limb, the unnecessary young shoot of erasing is cultivated next year fruit bearing shoot group;
S204: prune back pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii trunk base portion and very easily sprout side shoot, smeared once every 25 days, smear continuously 4 times, until elimination;
S205: to the vegetative shoot of the growth golden mean of the Confucian school slow putting in advance, retract into the branch group behind the result, to the earlier light cutting back of prosperous branch of the growth of having living space, a little less than going to force to stay in 1 year, cultivate into the branch group;
Aged tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps: adopt rejuvenation overground part aspect to start with, take out bough, remove weak branch, stay big bud, the rejuvenation fruit bearing shoot group that upgrades in time goes old branch to support shoot, prolongs tree body life time and the time limit as a result, cuts off long trunk, stay strongly a little less than dredging, select the strong bud of vigorous branches to take the lead, to recover tree vigo(u)r.
[embodiment 3] the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii sapling of planting mid-February in spring to March 20, its pruning shaping methods comprise earsh pruning shaping, bearing-age tree pruning shaping and aged tree pruning shaping:
Earsh pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S101: after field planting survived, when treating trunk length to 35cm, pinching was done surely, stays 5 healthy and strong buds in the different direction of trunk, and the unnecessary lateral bud of erasing is cultivated skeleton branch;
S102: the long pinching again during to 60cm of treelet, make its branch, 4 on the major branch selected and remain then makes 60 ° at its first transaction of a day's business angle, prunes intensive branch off, cultivates 3 of side shoots on each major branch, cultivates into the secondary major branch, cuts off all the other branches of major branch;
S103: the secondary major branch is long during to 50cm, and pinching impels its side shoot, and the fruit bearing shoot of 3 stalwartnesses that evenly distribute on each secondary major branch removes intensive branch, the weak branch of children, sick branch;
S104: cultivated the fruit bearing shoot group, enlarged tree crown, it is tree-like to form high yield;
Bearing-age tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S201: after pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii is gathered, prune unnecessary bough off, the branch in the tree crown is carried out careful pruning, to dredge, remove sick branch, intensive branch, slim and frahile branch, water sprout, withered branch and descending branch, make that branch component cloth is even, for the tree crown ventilation and penetrating light creates good conditions;
S202: fruit bearing shoot is carried out cutting back, stay the limb of 4cm, the fruit bearing shoot that the result is too much and aging is wiped out from base portion;
S203: when treating the branch germination and growth to 13cm, 4 the healthy and strong buds of selecting and remain of the different directions on each limb, the unnecessary young shoot of erasing is cultivated next year fruit bearing shoot group;
S204: prune back pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii trunk base portion and very easily sprout side shoot, smeared once every 20 days, smear continuously 3 times, until elimination;
S205: to the vegetative shoot of the growth golden mean of the Confucian school slow putting in advance, retract into the branch group behind the result, to the earlier light cutting back of prosperous branch of the growth of having living space, a little less than going to force to stay in 1 year, cultivate into the branch group;
Aged tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps: adopt rejuvenation overground part aspect to start with, take out bough, remove weak branch, stay big bud, the rejuvenation fruit bearing shoot group that upgrades in time goes old branch to support shoot, prolongs tree body life time and the time limit as a result, cuts off long trunk, stay strongly a little less than dredging, select the strong bud of vigorous branches to take the lead, to recover tree vigo(u)r.
[embodiment 4] the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii sapling of planting mid-February in spring to March 20, its pruning shaping methods comprise earsh pruning shaping, bearing-age tree pruning shaping and aged tree pruning shaping:
Earsh pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S101: after field planting survived, when treating trunk length to 30cm, pinching was done surely, stays 6 healthy and strong buds in the different direction of trunk, and the unnecessary lateral bud of erasing is cultivated skeleton branch;
S102: the long pinching again during to 50cm of treelet, make its branch, 5 on the major branch selected and remain in 1 year makes 60 ° at its first transaction of a day's business angle, prunes intensive branch off, cultivates 4 of side shoots on each major branch, cultivates into the secondary major branch, cuts off all the other branches of major branch;
S103: the secondary major branch is long during to 60cm, and pinching impels its side shoot, and the fruit bearing shoot of 4 stalwartnesses that evenly distribute on each secondary major branch removes intensive branch, the weak branch of children, sick branch;
S104: cultivated the fruit bearing shoot group, enlarged tree crown, it is tree-like to form high yield;
Bearing-age tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S201: after pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii is gathered, prune unnecessary bough off, the branch in the tree crown is carried out careful pruning, to dredge, remove sick branch, intensive branch, slim and frahile branch, water sprout, withered branch and descending branch, make that branch component cloth is even, for the tree crown ventilation and penetrating light creates good conditions;
S202: fruit bearing shoot is carried out cutting back, stay the limb of 5cm, the fruit bearing shoot that the result is too much and aging is wiped out from base portion;
S203: when treating the branch germination and growth to 10cm, 6 the healthy and strong buds of selecting and remain of the different directions on each limb, the unnecessary young shoot of erasing is cultivated next year fruit bearing shoot group;
S204: prune back pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii trunk base portion and very easily sprout side shoot, smeared once every 20 days, smear continuously 3 times, until elimination;
S205: in conjunction with the cutting back vegetative shoot, pull out, push back, the way that runs out namely to the vegetative shoot of the growth golden mean of the Confucian school slow putting in advance, retracts into the branch group behind the result, to the earlier light cutting back of prosperous branch of the growth of having living space, a little less than going to force to stay in 1 year, cultivates into the branch group;
Aged tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps: adopt rejuvenation overground part aspect to start with, take out bough, remove weak branch, stay big bud, the rejuvenation fruit bearing shoot group that upgrades in time goes old branch to support shoot, prolongs tree body life time and the time limit as a result, cuts off long trunk, stay strongly a little less than dredging, select the strong bud of vigorous branches to take the lead, to recover tree vigo(u)r.
[embodiment 5] the pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii sapling of planting mid-February in spring to March 20, its pruning shaping methods comprise earsh pruning shaping, bearing-age tree pruning shaping and aged tree pruning shaping:
Earsh pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S101: after field planting survived, when treating trunk length to 45cm, pinching was done surely, stays 6 healthy and strong buds in the different direction of trunk, and the unnecessary lateral bud of erasing is cultivated skeleton branch;
S102: the long pinching again during to 75cm of treelet, make its branch, 5 on the major branch selected and remain in 1 year makes 70 ° at its first transaction of a day's business angle, prunes intensive branch off, cultivates 3 of side shoots on each major branch, cultivates into the secondary major branch, cuts off all the other branches of major branch;
S103: the secondary major branch is long during to 75cm, and pinching impels its side shoot, and the fruit bearing shoot of 5 stalwartnesses that evenly distribute on each secondary major branch removes intensive branch, the weak branch of children, sick branch;
S104: cultivated the fruit bearing shoot group, enlarged tree crown, it is tree-like to form high yield;
Bearing-age tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S201: after pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii is gathered, prune unnecessary bough off, the branch in the tree crown is carried out careful pruning, to dredge, remove sick branch, intensive branch, slim and frahile branch, water sprout, withered branch and descending branch, make that branch component cloth is even, for the tree crown ventilation and penetrating light creates good conditions;
S202: fruit bearing shoot is carried out cutting back, stay the limb of 5cm, the fruit bearing shoot that the result is too much and aging is wiped out from base portion;
S203: when treating the branch germination and growth to 15cm, 5 the healthy and strong buds of selecting and remain of the different directions on each limb, the unnecessary young shoot of erasing is cultivated next year fruit bearing shoot group;
S204: prune back pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii trunk base portion and very easily sprout side shoot, smeared once every 20 days, smear continuously 3 times, until elimination;
S205: to the vegetative shoot of the growth golden mean of the Confucian school slow putting in advance, retract into the branch group behind the result, to the earlier light cutting back of prosperous branch of the growth of having living space, a little less than going to force to stay in 1 year, cultivate into the branch group;
Aged tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps: adopt rejuvenation overground part aspect to start with, take out bough, remove weak branch, stay big bud, the rejuvenation fruit bearing shoot group that upgrades in time goes old branch to support shoot, prolongs tree body life time and the time limit as a result, cuts off long trunk, stay strongly a little less than dredging, select the strong bud of vigorous branches to take the lead, to recover tree vigo(u)r.
Claims (1)
1. a pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii height of tree is produced the pruning shaping methods, it is characterized in that: it comprises earsh pruning shaping, bearing-age tree pruning shaping and aged tree pruning shaping:
Earsh pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S101: after field planting survived, when treating trunk length to 30~60cm, pinching was done surely, stays 5~7 healthy and strong buds in the different direction of trunk, and the unnecessary lateral bud of erasing is cultivated skeleton branch;
S102: the long pinching again during to 50~100cm of treelet makes its branch, then or 3~6 on the major branch selected and remain in 1 year, make 50~70 ° at its first transaction of a day's business angle, prune intensive branch off, cultivate 2~4 of side shoots on each major branch, cultivate into the secondary major branch, cut off all the other branches of major branch;
S103: during secondary major branch length to 50~100cm, pinching impels its side shoot, and the fruit bearing shoot of 3~6 stalwartnesses that evenly distribute on each secondary major branch removes intensive branch, the weak branch of children, sick branch;
S104: cultivated the fruit bearing shoot group, enlarged tree crown, it is tree-like to form high yield;
Bearing-age tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps:
S201: after pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii is gathered, prune unnecessary bough off, the branch in the tree crown is carried out careful pruning, to dredge, remove sick branch, intensive branch, slim and frahile branch, water sprout, withered branch and descending branch, make that branch component cloth is even, for the tree crown ventilation and penetrating light creates good conditions;
S202: fruit bearing shoot is carried out cutting back, stay the limb of 3~6cm, the fruit bearing shoot that the result is too much and aging is wiped out from base portion;
S203: when treating branch germination and growth to 10~20cm, 4~6 the healthy and strong buds of selecting and remain of the different directions on each limb, the unnecessary young shoot of erasing is cultivated next year fruit bearing shoot group;
S204: prune back pericarpium zanthoxyli schinifolii trunk base portion and very easily sprout side shoot, smeared once every 15~25 days, smear continuously 3~4 times, until elimination;
S205: to the vegetative shoot of the growth golden mean of the Confucian school slow putting in advance, retract into the branch group behind the result, to the earlier light cutting back of prosperous branch of the growth of having living space, a little less than going to force to stay in 1 year, cultivate into the branch group;
Aged tree pruning shaping may further comprise the steps: adopt rejuvenation overground part aspect to start with, take out bough, remove weak branch, stay big bud, the rejuvenation fruit bearing shoot group that upgrades in time goes old branch to support shoot, prolongs tree body life time and the time limit as a result, cuts off long trunk, stay strongly a little less than dredging, select the strong bud of vigorous branches to take the lead, to recover tree vigo(u)r.
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《南方农业》 20101231 程玥晴等 '九叶青'花椒覆盖免耕高效栽培技术 第17-18页 1 , 第7期 * |
傅汝维: "九叶青花椒丰产栽培管理技术要点", 《南方农业》 * |
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杨忠文等: "花椒丰产栽培技术探讨", 《现代农业科技》 * |
程玥晴等: "‘九叶青’花椒覆盖免耕高效栽培技术", 《南方农业》 * |
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CN113207529A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-06 | 台沃科技集团股份有限公司 | Green pepper close-planting high-yield cultivation shaping method |
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