CN103031254A - Efficient straw-decomposing inoculant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient straw-decomposing inoculant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganism, in particular to a compound microbial preparation used for directly decomposing crop straws, namely an efficient straw-decomposing inoculant. The efficient straw-decomposing inoculant comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 20-30 percent of bacillus subtilis, 10-15 percent of white light gray streptomycete, 5-10 percent of endomycopsis fibuligera, 5-10 percent of candida utilis, 10-15 percent of aspergillus, 10-15 percent of paecilomyces lilacinus, 10-15 percent of trichoderma harzianum and 20-30 percent of thermophilus streptomycete. The efficient straw-decomposing inoculant is organically combined with soil no-tillage, shifting and fallow to achieve the comprehensive purposes of protecting the environment, improving soil, increasing the utilization rate of fertilizers, increasing the quantity and the quality of agricultural products and developing the ecological agriculture.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbial technology field, be specially a kind of complex microorganism preparations for the crop material that directly becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Background technology
How are the annual in a large number about 700,000,000 tons of stalks that produce of China processed? become urgent realistic problem.At present, 4 main applications of straw utilization: the one, feed (accounting for 10%-20%), the 2nd, fuel (increasingly reducing), the 3rd, fertilizer (main approach), the 4th, plantation edible mushrooms and other raw material (accounting for 10%).Stalk is used as the with the largest potentiality of fertilizer, and outlet is also field of as fertilizer sources, if it all can be gone back the field, will to culture fertility, promote the agriculture production sustainable development that positive effect is arranged.Straw-returning utilizes way normally: 1, stalk is concentrated and banked up or retting is become thoroughly decomposed, then be distributed in the soil.This method drawback is hell to pay, and is uneconomical, and the peasant is difficult to accept.2, livestock crosses also field of abdomen, namely by the stalk of feeding to livestock, becomes also field of fertilizer.This method drawback is to be difficult to big area implement.3, straw directly returning to field, because the main component of stalk is: (polysaccharide macromolecular material) also comprises hemicellulose, xylogen (polymer aromatics), wax material, these, these materials form firm tissue, and are highly stable, decompose difficulty.Behind the straw directly returning to field that becomes thoroughly decomposed, slow oxidation in soil, cause easily the effective constituent of some element in the soil relatively to reduce, simultaneously, produce the mashed root of the dead seedling of crop that some cause the harmful material of crop root, rear many something lost diseases such as poor growth cause the unsettled problem of crop yield not to be resolved, or the popularization of straw-returning technology are had difficulty in taking a step.So the someone advocates that a baked wheaten cake falls, and competitively imitate.Like this, the not only most of nutrient loss of stalk, and thick smoke, severe contamination human space of depending on for existence.
China solves big area stalk problem at present mainly by direct returning to farmland, but because China's multiple crop index is high, the stubble timed interval is short, the stalk carbon-nitrogen ratio is high in addition, be difficult to be decomposed by microorganism under the state of nature, so long by the cycle of microorganism decomposition and inversion in soil behind the straw directly returning to field, be difficult to the source of manure as this season crop.Based on this, research and development promote that the microbial inoculum of stalk quick composting is significant.This straw decomposing microbial inoculum is one group of bacteria agent that is decomposed the composition of the microorganism by the stalk with synergistic effect, accelerate the decomposition of stalk by the enzyme of the microorganism in this series products and generation thereof, realize the quick decomposition of straw-returning with this, improve the nutrient contents such as the soil organism and potassium nitrogen, fertilizing soil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of microbial inoculum and preparation technology thereof who promotes the stalk quick composting is provided, the present invention adopts the middle low temperature bacterial classification with decomposition function, use modern advanced biotechnology so that each flora can harmonious coexistence, mutually promote, reach mutual supplement with each other's advantages, different floras are secreted complementary enzyme in degraded, can work in coordination with the xylogen that decomposes in the crop material, Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose etc., realize the quick decomposition of straw-returning with this, realize the waste cycling and reutilization.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of efficient straw decomposing agent comprises the raw material of following weight percent: subtilis 20-30%, white light gray streptomycete 10-15, Endomycopsis Fibnligera 5-10%, Candida utilis 5-10%, aspergillus 10-15%, Paecilomyces lilacinus 10-15%, trichoderma harziarum 10-15%, thermophilic mould 20-30%.
Described aspergillus is a kind of in aspergillus niger, the aspergillus oryzae.
Described thermophilic mould is the sporotrichum thermophile of growth temperature between 45-50 ℃.
A kind of preparation technology of efficient straw decomposing agent, its preparation technology is as follows:
1) slant culture: under aseptic condition, aspergillus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, trichoderma harziarum are seeded on the PDA-sucrose medium, under 32 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 4 days; Sporotrichum thermophile, button capsule endomyces, Candida utilis are seeded on the PDA-dextrose culture-medium, under 32 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 3 days; Thermophilic mould was cultivated 3 days under 45 ℃ of conditions; Subtilis is seeded on the nutrient agar, under 30 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 3 days; White light gray strepto-is seeded on the Gause I substratum, under 30 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 5 days;
2) seed culture: under aseptic condition, be inoculated in respectively the bacterial classification of cultivating in the step 1) in the liquid amplification culture medium, wherein aspergillus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, trichoderma harziarum being seeded on the PDA-sucrose medium, is to cultivate 4 days in the 150r/min shaking table at 32 ℃, frequency; White light gray streptomycete is seeded on the Gause I substratum, is to cultivate 5 days in the 150r/min shaking table at 30 ℃, frequency; Subtilis is seeded on the nutrient agar, in 30 ℃, frequency 150r/min shaking table, cultivated 3 days; To detain the capsule endomyces, Candida utilis is seeded on the PDA-dextrose culture-medium, under 32 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 3 days; Sporotrichum thermophile is seeded on the PDA-dextrose culture-medium, in 32 ℃, 150r/min shaking table, cultivated 3 days;
3) cultured liquid seeds is received under aseptic condition in autoclaved solid medium solid multiplication substratum: step 2), cultivated 3-7 days, wherein the solid multiplication substratum of subtilis is the sawdust that contains 28% weight percent, the dregs of beans of 10% weight percent, the wheat bran of 60% weight percent, the ammonium sulfate of 1.5% weight percent, the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of 0.5% weight percent, the sodium hydroxide of 0.2% weight percent, the solid-state fermentation culture medium of the water of 50-60% weight percent, subtilis is with the inoculum size of 4-10%, the temperature that controls environment is cultivated 3 days so that reach bacterial content greater than 1,000,000,000/g at 28-32 ℃;
The solid multiplication substratum of white light gray streptomycete is the substratum that the sodium hydroxide of dregs of beans, 0.2% weight percent of Semen Maydis powder, 10% weight percent of wheat bran, 20% weight percent of the sawdust that contains 20% weight percent, 50% weight percent forms, inoculum size with 4-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 3-5 days so that bacterial content greater than 500,000,000/g;
The solid multiplication substratum of sporotrichum thermophile is the sawdust that contains 40% weight percent, the wheat bran of 40% weight percent, the dregs of beans of 20% weight percent, the solid-state fermentation culture medium of the water of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of 0.5% weight percent, 50-60% weight percent, liquid seeds is with the inoculum size of 2-10%, under condition more than 45 ℃, cultivated 3 days so that bacterial content reaches greater than 1,000,000,000/g;
Button capsule endomyces, Candida utilis solid multiplication substratum are in the solid-state fermentation culture medium of water of rice husk, 50-60% weight percent of Semen Maydis powder, 10% weight percent of dregs of beans, 20% weight percent of the wheat bran that contains 60% weight percent, 10% weight percent, inoculum size with 4-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 3-5 days so that button capsule endomyces can reach bacterial content greater than 1,500,000,000/g, Candida utilis bacterial content greater than 200,000,000/g;
The solid multiplication substratum of aspergillus, trichoderma harziarum is the solid medium of water of rice husk, 40% weight percent of dregs of beans, 10% weight percent of the wheat bran that contains 50% weight percent, 40% weight percent, inoculum size with 5-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 5-7 days so that aspergillus tubigensis content greater than 500,000,000/g, trichoderma harziarum bacterial content greater than 500,000,000/g;
The solid multiplication substratum of Paecilomyces lilacinus is the solid medium of water of Semen Maydis powder, 40% weight percent of dregs of beans, 30% weight percent of the rice husk that contains 50% weight percent, 20% weight percent, inoculum size with 5-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 5-7 days, so that the Paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial content is greater than 200,000,000/g;
4) drying treatment: 3) solid multiplication of step is cultivated and to be put it into kiln after complete and carry out drying.Dried microbial inoculum namely can be used as former microbial inoculum and preserves use through crushing screening.
Utilize the normal fermentation mode, screening can be worked in coordination with and be gone forward one by one, has complementary functions, and enzyme is complementary high efficiency flora system, gives full play to the advantage of each flora, improves degradation efficiency.Because stalk particle is large, bacterium and other microorganisms can't be destroyed stalk particle again, and the physical damage of fungi diminishes stalk particle and stalk is organized deliquescing, is easy to the further effect of Cellulolytic bacteria and cellulase.Fungi has strong cellulose hydrolysis ability, breeds easily and the degrading straw fiber, and fungi enters in the phytoclasts by physical organization's disorganize and pore, and they become easily by bacterial invasion these fragments.Fungi causes the phenolic compound dissolving of vegetable fibre by discharging esterase hydrolysis forulic acid and coumaric acid from xylogen and cellulose complex, breaks the wooden structures of cell walls.Fungi separately or with can both the degrade fiber of equal amts of bacterium, fungi enters the continuous growth and breeding of cell walls, discharges polysaccharide hydrolase, corrodes plant cell wall, cause the substantive degraded of fiber, and bacterium can only carry out slight degraded in the periphery of cell walls.The powerful enzyme system (comprising amylase, proteolytic enzyme, polygalacturonase, hemicellulose and cellulase etc.) of the multiple vigor that the present invention utilizes mould to have degrades to polymer; Utilize yeast to eliminate the carbon feedback inhibition take monose, disaccharides as the raw material growth and breeding, reciprocal symbiosis relation has between the two promoted the conversion of the materials such as Mierocrystalline cellulose; Utilize bacterium to play indirect action in xylogen etc. degradation process, namely bacterium cooperates with fungi and makes xylogen etc. be easy to be subject to the attack of fungi, and can remove the material that fungi is had inhibition.This decomposing microbial inoculum contains very wide lytic enzyme, and this comprises cellulase, hemicellulase, proteolytic enzyme, amylase, starch Glycosylase, multiple esterase, multiple Disaccharide hydrolase and a small amount of polygalacturonase.In the above-mentioned flora, mould, the mould of wood, aspergillus, the main degradation of hemicellulose of sporotrichum thermophile, xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose; Yeast, the main degrade proteins of genus bacillus, pectin substance, starch etc., oxygen level, sugar degree in the balance feed liquid; White light gray streptomycete not only can degraded cellulose, also can produce secondary metabolite and the plant stimulating growth material of antagonism pathogenic bacteria, has certain resistant effect.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, through a large amount of screening experiments, bacterial strain is carried out reasonable compatibility, the microbial inoculum prescription of acquisition is reasonable, and degradation enzyme system is complementary, and flora can harmonious coexistence, mutually promote, and reaches mutual supplement with each other's advantages.The decomposing microbial inoculum that the present invention selects, under cold condition, also have very strong cellulose-decomposing ability and adaptive capacity to environment, it can it can accelerate organic decomposition rate at Fast-propagation straw decomposition into field under the low temperature environment, under 10 ~ 15 ℃ of conditions of low temperature, just can be with the straw decomposition blackening about 20 days, stalk substantially reaches and becomes thoroughly decomposed; Accelerate simultaneously nutritive element release in the stalk, the growth of crop provides more nutrient for the later stage, the microorganism of keeping and increasing soil fertility is agricultural crop straw fast, greatly reduce the time of becoming thoroughly decomposed with respect to present microbial inoculum, solved slow, the slow problem in field also of becoming thoroughly decomposed of existing in the crops straw returning field.Adaptation is accelerated straw decomposing speed at the low northern area of temperature.
2, the bacterial strain that adds consciously the antagonism soil-borne diseases such as Paecilomyces lilacinus, white light gray streptomycete, trichoderma harziarum among the present invention, and in decomposing straw, also can produce multiple special efficacy meta-bolites (such as plant hormone, microbiotic etc.), thereby stimulation crop growth, improve crop disease-resistant, drought resisting, cold tolerance, can prevent and treat the mashed root of the dead seedling of the crop that causes behind the straw directly returning to field, rear many something lost diseases such as poor growth.
3, use combinations of ploughing, lie fallow of this product and the no-tillage work of soil, wheel, reach protection of the environment, improvement soil, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, raising agricultural-food number, quality, the comprehensive purpose that develops eco-agriculture.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with concrete embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of efficient straw decomposing agent comprises the raw material of following weight percent: subtilis 20-30%, white light gray streptomycete 10-15, Endomycopsis Fibnligera 5-10%, Candida utilis 5-10%, aspergillus 10-15%, Paecilomyces lilacinus 10-15%, trichoderma harziarum 10-15%, thermophilic mould 20-30%.Described aspergillus is a kind of in aspergillus niger, the aspergillus oryzae.Described thermophilic mould is the sporotrichum thermophile of growth temperature between 45-50 ℃.
A kind of preparation technology of efficient straw decomposing agent, its preparation technology is as follows:
1) slant culture: under aseptic condition, aspergillus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, trichoderma harziarum are seeded on the PDA-sucrose medium, under 32 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 4 days; Sporotrichum thermophile, button capsule endomyces, Candida utilis are seeded on the PDA-dextrose culture-medium, under 32 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 3 days; Thermophilic mould was cultivated 3 days under 45 ℃ of conditions; Subtilis is seeded on the nutrient agar, under 30 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 3 days; White light gray strepto-is seeded on the Gause I substratum, under 30 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 5 days;
2) seed culture: under aseptic condition, be inoculated in respectively the bacterial classification of cultivating in the step 1) in the liquid amplification culture medium, wherein aspergillus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, trichoderma harziarum being seeded on the PDA-sucrose medium, is to cultivate 4 days in the 150r/min shaking table at 32 ℃, frequency; White light gray streptomycete is seeded on the Gause I substratum, is to cultivate 5 days in the 150r/min shaking table at 30 ℃, frequency; Subtilis is seeded on the nutrient agar, in 30 ℃, frequency 150r/min shaking table, cultivated 3 days; To detain the capsule endomyces, Candida utilis is seeded on the PDA-dextrose culture-medium, under 32 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 3 days; Sporotrichum thermophile is seeded on the PDA-dextrose culture-medium, in 32 ℃, 150r/min shaking table, cultivated 3 days;
3) cultured liquid seeds is received under aseptic condition in autoclaved solid medium solid multiplication substratum: step 2), cultivated 3-7 days, wherein the solid multiplication substratum of subtilis is the sawdust that contains 28% weight percent, the dregs of beans of 10% weight percent, the wheat bran of 60% weight percent, the ammonium sulfate of 1.5% weight percent, the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of 0.5% weight percent, the sodium hydroxide of 0.2% weight percent, the solid-state fermentation culture medium of the water of 50-60% weight percent, subtilis is with the inoculum size of 4-10%, the temperature that controls environment is cultivated 3 days so that reach bacterial content greater than 1,000,000,000/g at 28-32 ℃;
The solid multiplication substratum of white light gray streptomycete is the substratum that the sodium hydroxide of dregs of beans, 0.2% weight percent of Semen Maydis powder, 10% weight percent of wheat bran, 20% weight percent of the sawdust that contains 20% weight percent, 50% weight percent forms, inoculum size with 4-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 3-5 days so that bacterial content greater than 500,000,000/g;
The solid multiplication substratum of sporotrichum thermophile is the sawdust that contains 40% weight percent, the wheat bran of 40% weight percent, the dregs of beans of 20% weight percent, the solid-state fermentation culture medium of the water of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of 0.5% weight percent, 50-60% weight percent, liquid seeds is with the inoculum size of 2-10%, under condition more than 45 ℃, cultivated 3 days so that bacterial content reaches greater than 1,000,000,000/g;
Button capsule endomyces, Candida utilis solid multiplication substratum are in the solid-state fermentation culture medium of water of rice husk, 50-60% weight percent of Semen Maydis powder, 10% weight percent of dregs of beans, 20% weight percent of the wheat bran that contains 60% weight percent, 10% weight percent, inoculum size with 4-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 3-5 days so that button capsule endomyces can reach bacterial content greater than 1,500,000,000/g, Candida utilis bacterial content greater than 200,000,000/g;
The solid multiplication substratum of aspergillus, trichoderma harziarum is the solid medium of water of rice husk, 40% weight percent of dregs of beans, 10% weight percent of the wheat bran that contains 50% weight percent, 40% weight percent, inoculum size with 5-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 5-7 days so that aspergillus tubigensis content greater than 500,000,000/g, trichoderma harziarum bacterial content greater than 500,000,000/g;
The solid multiplication substratum of Paecilomyces lilacinus is the solid medium of water of Semen Maydis powder, 40% weight percent of dregs of beans, 30% weight percent of the rice husk that contains 50% weight percent, 20% weight percent, inoculum size with 5-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 5-7 days, so that the Paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial content is greater than 200,000,000/g;
4) drying treatment: 3) solid multiplication of step is cultivated and to be put it into kiln after complete and carry out drying.Dried microbial inoculum namely can be used as former microbial inoculum and preserves use through crushing screening.
Embodiment 2:
Technological process and the same, difference is:A kind of efficient straw decomposing agent comprises the raw material of following weight percent: subtilis 30%, white light gray streptomycete 10%, aspergillus oryzae 10%, button capsule endomyces 5%, Candida utilis 5%, sporotrichum thermophile 20%, Paecilomyces lilacinus 10%, trichoderma harziarum 10%.
Embodiment 3:
Technological process and the same, difference is:A kind of efficient straw decomposing agent comprises the raw material of following weight percent: subtilis 25%, white light gray streptomycete 10%, aspergillus niger 15%, button capsule endomyces 5%, Candida utilis 5%, sporotrichum thermophile 20%, Paecilomyces lilacinus 10%, trichoderma harziarum 10%.
Embodiment 4:
Technological process and the same, difference is:A kind of efficient straw decomposing agent comprises the raw material of following weight percent: subtilis 20%, white light gray streptomycete 15%, aspergillus niger 15%, button capsule endomyces 10%, Candida utilis 10%, sporotrichum thermophile 30%, Paecilomyces lilacinus 15%, trichoderma harziarum 15%.
The straw decomposing microbial inoculum is at the effect of simulation maize straw
Choose the complete maize straw that thickness and length approach, be cut into the 3cm-5cm segment.Test setting is used decomposing microbial inoculum and is not executed decomposing microbial inoculum and process, and each is processed and repeats 3 times; Envrionment temperature takes by weighing 50g maize straw+urea 0.3g and puts into Nylon Bag and tighten sack under 10 ~ 15 degree conditions.Straw-returning requires and the decomposing microbial inoculum consumption operates.Above-mentioned straw sample (Nylon Bag) is imbedded 5cm ~ 10cm soil layer, control soil moisture content about 60% in the experimentation.Then take out Nylon Bag at different time, weigh up residual quantity, calculate residual rate.
Result: along with time lengthening, the maize straw rate of weight loss increases gradually, compare with the CK with microbial inoculum, use stalk rate of weight loss that decomposing microbial inoculum processes and do not execute decomposing agent and process and compare at one time, statistical analysis reaches the significant difference level, shows that then this microbial inoculum has the good effect of becoming thoroughly decomposed.Wherein the degradation rate of stalk is 37% during 15d, decomposition blackening of maize straw, and contrast makes up high by 19.27%.
Buried also field behind the corn straw smashing:
2 processing are established in test, and each residential quarter area is not less than 30m2, process random alignment, 3 repetitions.
Process 1: maize straw+urea
Process 2: maize straw+straw decomposing inoculant+urea
The stalk amount of each processing of test requirements document is basic identical, and the stalk tiling is substantially even; Guarantee that stalk has certain water content, be beneficial to microorganism growth and the straw decomposition of ripe dose of stalk; It is consistent to guarantee respectively to process the field agronomic measures.With corn straw smashing field also, by every mu of this microbial inoculum of 2kg consumption, be sprinkling upon equably on the maize straw behind the thin sand and soil mixing with this microbial inoculum and urea and an amount of humidity, then stalk is ploughed deeply, more than the tilth 25cm, maize straw is ploughed deeply underground layer.
The result: use the 5th day behind the microbiobacterial agent of straw decomposition into field, soil and stalk junction have a large amount of mycelia bacterium colonies to occur, and the water logging dress appears in the stalk of contact arable land face, and existing a lot of little black patchess are obviously dimmed.On color, not use the basic of decomposing microbial inoculum and do not change, stalk is harder.Use decomposing microbial inoculum the 15th day on color, do not use the just blackening of decomposing microbial inoculum, and the microbiobacterial agent stalk cellulose of using straw decomposition into field is soft, machinery rubbing stalk is fragmented into fritter, blackening, from feel, do not use the slightly deliquescing of microbiobacterial agent of the present invention, and use the very soft of microbiobacterial agent of the present invention.Measure behind the straw-returning 25d, the decomposition amount that does not add decomposing agent reaches 15.6%; What add decomposing microbial inoculum existingly has 32% stalk to rot, and what the solid substance of residue about 68% also became is black mashed rotten, and difference is obvious between processing.The decomposition rate measurement result of stalk in soil proves: maize straw adds decomposing microbial inoculum and can accelerate the stalk decomposition.
Use decomposing microbial inoculum and show as early stage without weeds with respect to not using decomposing microbial inoculum, the later stage weeds lighter, disease occurs light, the stalk speed that rots, 20d approximately in advance, the field porosity is large, good permeability is conducive to retaining, fertilizer conservation, the promotion high crop yield.In earlier stage, promote rice shoot healthy and strong, well developed root system produces multiple antibiotics, and the establishment sprout term disease improves rate of emergence, reduces yellow seedling seedling death phenomenon, and there is good prevention effect the gaeumannomyces graminis disease of wheat.Later stage plantation wheat growing way is more prosperous, and the fringe type is larger.
Claims (4)
1. an efficient straw decomposing agent is characterized in that: the raw material that comprises following weight percent: subtilis 20-30%, white light gray streptomycete 10-15, Endomycopsis Fibnligera 5-10%, Candida utilis 5-10%, aspergillus 10-15%, Paecilomyces lilacinus 10-15%, trichoderma harziarum 10-15%, thermophilic mould 20-30%.
2. a kind of efficient straw decomposing agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described aspergillus is a kind of in aspergillus niger, the aspergillus oryzae.
3. a kind of efficient straw decomposing agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thermophilic mould is the sporotrichum thermophile of growth temperature between 45-50 ℃.
4. the preparation technology of an efficient straw decomposing agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: its preparation technology is as follows:
1) slant culture: under aseptic condition, aspergillus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, trichoderma harziarum are seeded on the PDA-sucrose medium, under 32 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 4 days; Sporotrichum thermophile, button capsule endomyces, Candida utilis are seeded on the PDA-dextrose culture-medium, under 32 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 3 days; Thermophilic mould was cultivated 3 days under 45 ℃ of conditions; Subtilis is seeded on the nutrient agar, under 30 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 3 days; White light gray strepto-is seeded on the Gause I substratum, under 30 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 5 days;
2) seed culture: under aseptic condition, be inoculated in respectively the bacterial classification of cultivating in the step 1) in the liquid amplification culture medium, wherein aspergillus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, trichoderma harziarum being seeded on the PDA-sucrose medium, is to cultivate 4 days in the 150r/min shaking table at 32 ℃, frequency; White light gray streptomycete is seeded on the Gause I substratum, is to cultivate 5 days in the 150r/min shaking table at 30 ℃, frequency; Subtilis is seeded on the nutrient agar, in 30 ℃, frequency 150r/min shaking table, cultivated 3 days; To detain the capsule endomyces, Candida utilis is seeded on the PDA-dextrose culture-medium, under 32 ℃ of conditions, cultivated 3 days; Sporotrichum thermophile is seeded on the PDA-dextrose culture-medium, in 32 ℃, 150r/min shaking table, cultivated 3 days;
3) cultured liquid seeds is received under aseptic condition in autoclaved solid medium solid multiplication substratum: step 2), cultivated 3-7 days, wherein the solid multiplication substratum of subtilis is the sawdust that contains 28% weight percent, the dregs of beans of 10% weight percent, the wheat bran of 60% weight percent, the ammonium sulfate of 1.5% weight percent, the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of 0.5% weight percent, the sodium hydroxide of 0.2% weight percent, the solid-state fermentation culture medium of the water of 50-60% weight percent, subtilis is with the inoculum size of 4-10%, the temperature that controls environment is cultivated 3 days so that reach bacterial content greater than 1,000,000,000/g at 28-32 ℃;
The solid multiplication substratum of white light gray streptomycete is the substratum that the sodium hydroxide of dregs of beans, 0.2% weight percent of Semen Maydis powder, 10% weight percent of wheat bran, 20% weight percent of the sawdust that contains 20% weight percent, 50% weight percent forms, inoculum size with 4-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 3-5 days so that bacterial content greater than 500,000,000/g;
The solid multiplication substratum of sporotrichum thermophile is the sawdust that contains 40% weight percent, the wheat bran of 40% weight percent, the dregs of beans of 20% weight percent, the solid-state fermentation culture medium of the water of the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of 0.5% weight percent, 50-60% weight percent, liquid seeds is with the inoculum size of 2-10%, under condition more than 45 ℃, cultivated 3 days so that bacterial content reaches greater than 1,000,000,000/g;
Button capsule endomyces, Candida utilis solid multiplication substratum are in the solid-state fermentation culture medium of water of rice husk, 50-60% weight percent of Semen Maydis powder, 10% weight percent of dregs of beans, 20% weight percent of the wheat bran that contains 60% weight percent, 10% weight percent, inoculum size with 4-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 3-5 days so that button capsule endomyces can reach bacterial content greater than 1,500,000,000/g, Candida utilis bacterial content greater than 200,000,000/g;
The solid multiplication substratum of aspergillus, trichoderma harziarum is the solid medium of water of rice husk, 40% weight percent of dregs of beans, 10% weight percent of the wheat bran that contains 50% weight percent, 40% weight percent, inoculum size with 5-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 5-7 days so that aspergillus tubigensis content greater than 500,000,000/g, trichoderma harziarum bacterial content greater than 500,000,000/g;
The solid multiplication substratum of Paecilomyces lilacinus is the solid medium of water of Semen Maydis powder, 40% weight percent of dregs of beans, 30% weight percent of the rice husk that contains 50% weight percent, 20% weight percent, inoculum size with 5-10%, the temperature that controls environment is at 28-32 ℃, cultivated 5-7 days, so that the Paecilomyces lilacinus bacterial content is greater than 200,000,000/g;
4) drying treatment: 3) solid multiplication of step is cultivated and to be put it into kiln after complete and carry out drying,
Dried microbial inoculum namely can be used as former microbial inoculum and preserves use through crushing screening.
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| CN112458009A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-09 | 东北农业大学 | Straw decomposition agent for improving saline-alkali soil and application thereof |
| CN115369044A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-11-22 | 内蒙古大学 | Soil-decomposing inoculant for degrading straw and application thereof |
| CN115369044B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-12-22 | 内蒙古大学 | Soil decomposing inoculant for degrading straw and application thereof |
| CN115568394A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-01-06 | 李富程 | Method for synergistically eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of purple soil tobacco by virtue of microorganisms and microenvironment |
| CN115466140A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2022-12-13 | 轩凯生物科技(山东)有限公司 | Straw decomposition agent for improving water uniformity of organic fertilizer stack and application thereof |
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