CN103740693B - A kind of straw decomposing inoculant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of straw decomposing inoculant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103740693B CN103740693B CN201310642456.3A CN201310642456A CN103740693B CN 103740693 B CN103740693 B CN 103740693B CN 201310642456 A CN201310642456 A CN 201310642456A CN 103740693 B CN103740693 B CN 103740693B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to biological technical field, in particular to a kind of straw decomposing inoculant and preparation method thereof.This straw decomposing inoculant, comprise the peat composed of rotten mosses and the microorganism species containing microbial activity composition, described microbial activity composition is gemma, nourishing body or spore; Wherein, microorganism species comprises trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus; And the content of microorganism species is: 0.5-5 hundred million/gram of peats composed of rotten mosses.Therefore, this straw decomposing inoculant possesses except the effect except playing decomposing straw, and it also has the effect of the Growth and reproduction suppressing disease and pest.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, in particular to a kind of straw decomposing inoculant and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Straw-returning is a kind of important way of straw utilization; It generally all needs to utilize straw decomposing inoculant to accelerate Straw decomposing.Containing a large amount of yeast, mould and genus bacillus etc. in straw decomposing inoculant, crop material fast and effeciently can be resolved into the medium trace element such as the macroelement such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum required for plant growth by its amount reproduction, can effective improved soil nodule structure, improve soil aeration and fertilizer conservation water retaining function, and heat and a certain amount of carbonic acid gas can be produced, thus improve the growing environment of plant and promote effective utilization of straw circulating.
But, straw directly returning to field be some disease and pest create adapt circumstance condition, Pyrausta nubilalis (Hubern). can be made to pass the winter safely and the subterranean pest-insect such as grub, cutworm, wireworm is increased; Pathogenic bacteria in stalk is difficult to shift out land for growing field crops, thus adds the quantity of pathogenic bacteria.Therefore, a kind of straw decomposing inoculant of the Growth and reproduction of field disease and pest that can suppress is provided to be this area technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of straw decomposing inoculant, to solve the above problems;
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of straw decomposing inoculant making method.
Provide a kind of straw decomposing inoculant in an embodiment of the present invention, comprise the peat composed of rotten mosses and the microorganism species containing microbial activity composition, described microbial activity composition is gemma, nourishing body or spore;
Wherein, described microorganism species comprises trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus; The content of described microorganism species is: 0.5-5 hundred million/gram of peats composed of rotten mosses.
This straw decomposing inoculant provided by the invention, it comprises microorganism species containing microbial activity composition and the peat composed of rotten mosses, and the content of microorganism species controls between 0.5-5 hundred million/gram of peats composed of rotten mosses; Microorganism species containing microbial activity composition is as the important component of straw decomposing inoculant, and it has good resistance, can survive under evil environment slightly; When using this straw decomposing inoculant decomposing straw, because trichoderma harziarum, subtilis have the harmful growth of pathogenic bacteria reproductive effect of suppression, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus have suppression insect growth and breeding effect, therefore, the microorganism species of long-term surviving can also well as desinsection, sterilant, its Growth and reproduction that can kill disease and pest or suppress disease and pest; Therefore, this straw decomposing inoculant possesses except the effect except playing decomposing straw, and it also has the effect of the Growth and reproduction suppressing disease and pest.
Present invention also offers a kind of making method of decomposing agent, comprise the following steps:
Former for trichoderma harziarum bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid;
Former for subtilis bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid;
Former for yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid;
Former for green muscardine fungus bacterial classification is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid;
Described trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid, described fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid, described fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and described fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid are mixed, obtains mixed bacteria liquid;
The peat composed of rotten mosses of described mixed bacteria liquid and set weight is adsorbed and puddles, obtain the mixture that content is 0.5-5 hundred million/gram of peats composed of rotten mosses;
Preparation after being pulverized by described mixture, obtains straw decomposing inoculant.
The peat composed of rotten mosses and microorganism species can be realized to make straw decomposing inoculant by aforesaid method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the Making programme figure of the straw decomposing inoculant that the embodiment of the present invention two provides.
Embodiment
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment one
Provide a kind of straw decomposing inoculant in an embodiment of the present invention, comprise the peat composed of rotten mosses and the microorganism species containing microbial activity composition, described microbial activity composition is gemma, nourishing body or spore;
Wherein, described microorganism species comprises trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus; The content of described microorganism species is: 0.5-5 hundred million/gram of peats composed of rotten mosses.
This straw decomposing inoculant provided by the invention, it comprises microorganism species containing microbial activity composition and the peat composed of rotten mosses, and the content of microorganism species controls between 0.5 hundred million-5 hundred million/gram of peats composed of rotten mosses; Microorganism species containing microbial activity composition is as the important component of straw decomposing inoculant, and it has good resistance, can survive under evil environment slightly; When using this straw decomposing inoculant decomposing straw, because trichoderma harziarum, subtilis have the harmful growth of pathogenic bacteria reproductive effect of suppression, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus have suppression insect growth and breeding effect, therefore, the microorganism species of long-term surviving can also well as desinsection, sterilant, its Growth and reproduction that can kill disease and pest or suppress disease and pest; Therefore, this straw decomposing inoculant possesses except the effect except playing decomposing straw, and it also has the effect of the Growth and reproduction suppressing disease and pest.
In addition, this straw decomposing inoculant that the embodiment of the present invention provides, its microorganism species is the flora containing microbial activity composition (gemma, spore or nourishing body), microorganism species containing microbial activity composition, its by sorbent material (peat composed of rotten mosses) absorption after, current be applied to stalk after, the Growth and reproduction of microorganism species is very fast, therefore, the efficiency of its decomposing straw also improves greatly.
The ability of straw decomposing inoculant decomposing straw is decided by the ratio of bacterium contained by microorganism species to a great extent, therefore, in the present embodiment, in order to the effect making straw decomposing inoculant have better capacity of decomposition and disease and insect resistance, preferably, the number of trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus is than being 7:30:5:8.
In addition, the peat composed of rotten mosses as sorbent material, its for make microorganism species be adsorbed on its surface and inner.In the present embodiment, the granularity of the peat composed of rotten mosses is 0.08-0.1 millimeter.
In addition, in the present embodiment, trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus are all deposited in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, and its preserving number is followed successively by: CGMCCNo.7861, CGMCCNo.7850, CGMCCNo.7849 and CGMCCNo.7848; Its preservation name is followed successively by: trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus; Its Classification And Nomenclature is followed successively by: Trichodermaharzianum, Baciilussubtilis, Saccharomycescerevisiae, Metarhiziumanisopliae; Preservation date is on July 03rd, 2013.
Better applied to make the straw decomposing inoculant of the embodiment of the present invention one, more effectively be applied in decomposing straw and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the present invention also provides embodiment two on the basis of above-described embodiment one, embodiment two is concrete making methods of the decomposing agent of embodiment one, is now described in detail and explains:
Embodiment two
The making method of the straw decomposing inoculant of the present embodiment comprises the following steps, and please refer to Fig. 1:
Step 101: former for trichoderma harziarum bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid;
Step 102: former for subtilis bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid;
Step 103: former for yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid;
Step 104: former for green muscardine fungus bacterial classification is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid;
Wherein, step 101-step 104 for respectively by former for trichoderma harziarum bacterium, the former bacterium of subtilis, the former bacterium of yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and the former bacterial classification of green muscardine fungus by a series of operation that spreads cultivation, obtain the process of fermented liquid, its preparation order is random, can separate operations, also can carry out simultaneously.
In addition, in concrete operating process, 4 kinds of bacterium all need the process by actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, and in order to simplify the operation course, in the process of carrying out every single stepping, preferably, all can process 4 kinds of bacterium, such as 4 kinds of bacterium are carried out activation treatment simultaneously, then carry out shake-flask culture more simultaneously, treat that all bacterium shake-flask culture enter next link after all completing again, until complete the process of fermentor cultivation, and then obtain the fermented liquid of 4 kinds of bacterium.
Step 105: trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid, fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid are mixed, obtains mixed bacteria liquid;
In step 105, after obtaining multiple fermented liquid, need multiple fermented liquid to mix, obtain mixed bacteria liquid.
Step 106: the peat composed of rotten mosses of mixed bacteria liquid and set weight is adsorbed and puddles, obtain the mixture that bacteria containing amount is 0.5 hundred million/gram of peats composed of rotten mosses;
Step 107: preparation after being pulverized by mixture, obtains straw decomposing inoculant.
The process that step 106 and step 107 are respectively and mixed bacteria liquid and the peat composed of rotten mosses are mixed to get mixture, the mixture obtained is pulverized preparation, preferably, in the process of preparation, makes pulvis.
In the present embodiment, step 101-104 all comprises the operation of actication of culture-shake-flask culture-seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, concrete, in order to better realize the effect of enlarged culturing, improve the survival rate of each bacterium, each step can preferably be achieved according to following operation:
Step 101 can be achieved by following operation:
Former for trichoderma harziarum bacterium is seeded in strain activation and culture base, at the temperature of 28-30 DEG C, cultivates 70-74 hour, obtain activating rear trichoderma harziarum bacterial classification; Wherein, according to weighing scale, strain activation and culture base comprises potato 20%, glucose 2% and agar 2%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5;
Concrete, the above-mentioned operation by former for trichoderma harziarum bacterium activation can be aseptically from a little lawn of picking former strain inclined plane with inoculating needle, rule in the culture dish having strain activation and culture base, then put in 28-30 DEG C of incubator and cultivate 72h, visual inspection, lawn is plentiful, and smear, chromoscopy are without miscellaneous bacteria, when spore is neat, can obtain activating rear trichoderma harziarum bacterial classification.
After activating, trichoderma harziarum bacterial classification is in first liquid substratum, be 26-30 DEG C in temperature, rotating speed is cultivate 12-16h under the condition of 110-130 rev/min, obtains trichoderma harziarum primary seed solution, wherein, first liquid substratum contains the wheat bran that parts by weight are 5%;
In the process of cultivating, preferably by the trichoderma harziarum bacterial classification after activation in 28 DEG C, cultivate 12-16 hour in the full temperature shaking culture case of rotating speed 120 revs/min, it is more in cluster-shaped that microscopy observes trichoderma harziarum mycelia, can obtain trichoderma harziarum primary seed solution.
Trichoderma harziarum primary seed solution is seeded in and is equipped with in second liquid substratum seed fermentation tank, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be 110-130 rev/min condition bottom fermentation cultivate 16-20 hour, obtain trichoderma harziarum secondary seed solution; Wherein, according to weighing scale, second liquid substratum comprises Semen Maydis powder 5%, ammonium sulfate 0.05%, bubble enemy 0.02%, injection benzylpenicillin potassium 0.0005%, injection Vetstrep 0.0003%, and its pH value is 4.0-4.5;
Wherein, in the operation of above-mentioned seed fermentation tank, preferably trichoderma harziarum primary seed solution is 28 DEG C in temperature, cultivates 16-20 hour under the condition of rotating speed 120 revs/min, it is more in cluster-shaped that microscopy observes mycelia, trichoderma harziarum secondary seed solution can be obtained, to carry out follow-up fermentor cultivation.
Trichoderma harziarum secondary seed solution is seeded in the fermentor tank that second liquid substratum is housed, rotating speed be 150-170 rev/min, pressure be 0.04-0.06 MPa condition bottom fermentation cultivate 84-90 hour, obtain trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid.
Wherein, in aforesaid operations, preferably, stirring velocity (i.e. rotating speed) is 160 revs/min, and tank pressure is 0.05 MPa; Air flow: earlier fermentation 1:0.5(V/Vmin), the later stage is adjusted to 1:1(V/Vmin gradually), detect containing miscellaneous bacteria rate≤0.3%, bacteria containing amount >=500,000,000 spore/ml, can put tank, obtain trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid.
Concrete, in the present embodiment, step 102 can be accomplished by following operation:
Former for subtilis bacterium is seeded in strain activation and culture base, at the temperature of 28-30 DEG C, cultivates 22-26 hour, obtain activating rear Bacillus subtilis strain; Wherein, according to weighing scale, strain activation and culture base comprises extractum carnis 0.3%, peptone 0.5%, NaCl0.5%, agar 2%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5;
Concrete, aforesaid operations can be aseptically from a little lawn of picking former strain inclined plane with inoculating needle, rule in the culture dish having strain activation and culture base, then put in 28-30 DEG C of incubator and cultivate 24 hours, visual inspection, lawn is plentiful, and smear, chromoscopy are without miscellaneous bacteria, when spore is neat, can obtain activating rear Bacillus subtilis strain.
Bacillus subtilis strain after activation is seeded in the shaking flask of first liquid substratum, temperature be 30-34 DEG C, rotating speed cultivates 8-10h under being the condition of 170-190 rev/min, obtain subtilis primary seed solution, wherein, first liquid substratum comprises extractum carnis 0.3%, sodium-chlor 0.5%, peptone 0.7%, and its pH value is 7.0; Preferably, concrete operation can be: from the flat board of the subtilis after activation, a little lawn of scraping puts into shaking flask, in 32 DEG C, rotating speed is cultivate 8-10 hour in the full temperature shaking culture case of 180 revs/min, microscopy is observed subtilis growth conditions and is reached logarithmic phase, obtain subtilis primary seed solution, seeding tank can be gone up and cultivate.
Subtilis primary seed solution being inoculated into is equipped with in the seed fermentation tank of second liquid substratum, temperature be 30-34 DEG C, rotating speed be 210-230 rev/min condition bottom fermentation cultivate 8-10 hour, obtain subtilis secondary seed solution; Wherein, second liquid substratum comprises: bean cake powder 2%, fish meal 0.5%, Semen Maydis powder 1.8%, starch 0.4%, magnesium sulfate 0.06%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%, bubble enemy 0.025%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5; In the process of cultivating, equally, need to detect, when subtilis grows to logarithmic phase, subtilis secondary seed solution can be obtained, and for follow-up fermentation culture.
Subtilis secondary seed solution is seeded in the fermentor tank containing the 3rd liquid nutrient medium, rotating speed be 210-230 rev/min, pressure be 0.04-0.06 MPa condition bottom fermentation cultivate 28-32 hour, obtain fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid.
Preferably, the operation that fermentation of bacillus subtilis is cultivated can be specifically set to following parameter: by subtilis secondary seed solution low whipping speed 220 revs/min, tank pressure 0.05 MPa; Air flow: earlier fermentation 1:0.5(V/Vmin), the later stage is adjusted to 1:1.5(V/Vmin gradually), culture cycle is 28-32 hour, more than 90% is reached, miscellaneous bacteria rate≤0.3%, bacteria containing amount >=10,000,000,000 gemma/ml at spore forming rate, can tank be put, and then obtain fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid.
Concrete, in the present embodiment, step 103 can be accomplished by following operation:
Former for yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium is seeded in strain activation and culture base, at the temperature of 28-30 DEG C, cultivates 70-74 hour, obtain activating rear yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial classification; Wherein, according to weighing scale, strain activation and culture base comprises yeast extract paste 1%, peptone 2%, glucose 2%, agar 2%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5;
Concrete, the above-mentioned operation activated by yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae can be aseptically from a little lawn of picking former strain inclined plane with inoculating needle, rule in the culture dish having strain activation and culture base, then put in 28-30 DEG C of incubator and cultivate 72 hours, visual inspection, lawn is plentiful, and smear, chromoscopy are without miscellaneous bacteria, when spore is neat, can obtain activating rear yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial classification.
Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial classification after activation is seeded in first liquid substratum, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be the condition of 170-190 rev/min under shake-flask culture 8-10 hour, obtain yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae primary seed solution, wherein, according to weighing scale, first liquid substratum comprises yeast extract paste 1%, peptone 2%, glucose 2%, and its pH value 7.0; Preferably, by by activation after yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae in 28 DEG C, cultivate 8-10 hour in the full temperature shaking culture case of rotating speed 180 revs/min, microscopy observe yeast be budding state, can primary seed solution be obtained, can seed tank culture be carried out.
Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae primary seed solution is seeded in and is equipped with in second liquid substratum seed fermentation tank, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be 210-230 rev/min condition bottom fermentation cultivate 8-10 hour, obtain yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae secondary seed solution; Wherein, according to weighing scale, second liquid substratum comprises: glucose 5%, peptone 0.5%, yeast extract paste 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium primary phosphate 0.1%, bubble enemy 0.05%; Preferably, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae primary seed solution temperature be 28 DEG C, under rotating speed is the agitation condition of 220 revs/min, cultivate 8-10 hour, it is budding state that microscopy observes yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, can obtain yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae secondary seed solution, fermentor tank to be proceeded to carries out fermentation culture.
Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae secondary seed solution is seeded in the fermentor tank that second liquid substratum is housed, rotating speed be 210-230 rev/min, pressure be 0.04-0.06 MPa condition bottom fermentation cultivate 16-20 hour, obtain fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid.
Preferably, the concrete technology parameter in the operating process obtaining fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid is: stirring velocity 220 revs/min, tank pressure 0.05 MPa; Air flow: 1:0.5(V/Vmin).The fermentation culture cycle is 16-20 hour, and in the no longer budding of 90% thalline, miscellaneous bacteria rate≤0.3%, a bacteria containing amount >=1,000,000,000 thalline/ml can put tank, obtains fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid.
Concrete, in the present embodiment, step 104 can be accomplished by following operation:
By former for green muscardine fungus strain inoculation in strain activation and culture base, at the temperature of 28-30 DEG C, cultivate 70-74 hour, obtain activating rear green muscardine fungus bacterial classification; Wherein, according to weighing scale, strain activation and culture base comprises potato 20%, glucose 2%, agar 2%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5;
Concrete, above-mentionedly by the operation of former for green muscardine fungus actication of culture can be: with inoculating needle aseptically from a little lawn of picking former strain inclined plane, rule in the culture dish having strain activation and culture base, then put in 28-30 DEG C of incubator and cultivate 72h, visual inspection, lawn is plentiful, and smear, chromoscopy are without miscellaneous bacteria, when spore is neat, can obtain activating rear green muscardine fungus bacterial classification.
After activating, green muscardine fungus strain inoculation is in first liquid substratum, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be the condition of 110-130 rev/min under shake-flask culture 12-16 hour, obtain green muscardine fungus primary seed solution, wherein, according to weighing scale, first liquid substratum comprises thin wheat bran 5%;
In the process of cultivating, preferably by the green muscardine fungus bacterial classification after activation in 28 DEG C, cultivate 12-16h in the full temperature shaking culture case of rotating speed 120 revs/min, the mycelia that microscopy observes green muscardine fungus more is cluster-shaped, can obtain green muscardine fungus primary seed solution.
Green muscardine fungus primary seed solution is seeded in and is equipped with in second liquid substratum seed fermentation tank, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be 110-130 rev/min condition bottom fermentation cultivate 16-20 hour, obtain green muscardine fungus secondary seed solution; Wherein, according to weighing scale, second liquid substratum comprises Semen Maydis powder 5%, ammonium sulfate 0.05%, bubble enemy 0.02%, injection benzylpenicillin potassium 0.0005%, injection Vetstrep 0.0003%, and its pH value is 4.0-4.5;
Wherein, green muscardine fungus is carried out in the operation of seeding tank fermentation culture above-mentioned, preferably green muscardine fungus primary seed solution is 28 DEG C in temperature, cultivates 16-20h under the condition of rotating speed 120 revs/min, it is more in cluster-shaped that microscopy observes mycelia, green muscardine fungus secondary seed solution can be obtained, to carry out follow-up fermentor cultivation.
Green muscardine fungus secondary seed solution is seeded in the fermentor tank that second liquid substratum is housed, rotating speed be 150-170 rev/min, pressure be 0.04-0.06 MPa condition bottom fermentation cultivate 84-90 hour, obtain fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid;
Wherein, obtaining in the operation of fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid, preferably, stirring velocity (i.e. rotating speed) is 160 revs/min, tank pressure is 0.05 MPa; Air flow: earlier fermentation 1:0.5(V/Vmin), the later stage is adjusted to 1:1(V/Vmin gradually), detect containing miscellaneous bacteria rate≤0.3%, content >=500,000,000 spore/ml, can put tank, obtain fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid.
In addition, in above-mentioned all operations, the substratum used and nutrient solution (liquid nutrient medium) all preferred 0.11MPa sterilized under pressure 30 minutes, to prevent varied bacteria growing.And seed fermentation tank and fermentor tank also need sterilizing before the use.
After obtaining mixed bacteria liquid, then in process mixed bacteria liquid and the peat composed of rotten mosses mixed, preferably, mechanical stirring 3-6 minute, makes gemma, spore or nourishing body all be adsorbed, after mixing, obtains mixture.
In direct process, preferably, preferably utilized by the mixture obtained conveyor to be sent to chain crusher and pulverize, make it almost reach 100% and by the aperture sieve of 0.09 millimeter, can obtain pulvis finished product.
In addition, this straw decomposing inoculant of the present embodiment can comprise: subtilis 0.3 hundred million gemma/gram, trichoderma harziarum 0.07 hundred million spore/gram, green muscardine fungus 0.08 hundred million spore/gram and S. cervisiae 0.05 hundred million thalline/gram to be mixed with bacteria containing amount be 0.5 hundred million/gram the diseases prevention worm straw decomposing inoculant with become thoroughly decomposed stalk and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Prove by experiment, be evenly laid on face, field by crop material after harvesting, after crushed stalk, field effect is better.Every mu of ground evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields the decomposing agent 2 kilograms made according to aforementioned proportion, and executes appropriate N, P, K according to locality fertilising custom benefit.Adopt machinery or artificial beating to press stalk, make stalk be deposited to earth's surface, glue mutually with earth, float after preventing stalk soaked.Keep soil moisture content 50%-60%, rotten about 15 days of heap, stalk gets final product decomposition.
The application test research of this straw decomposing microbial inoculum in field shows, straw-returning is affixed by diseases prevention worm straw decomposing inoculant, can accelerate the decomposition of becoming thoroughly decomposed of various crop stalk, and stalk can be done sth. in advance to become thoroughly decomposed for 5-10 days.Improve the basic fertility of soil after straw decomposition, improve the physico-chemical property of soil, and then effectively promote plant growth, increase crop yield, improve crop quality, improve crop anti-adversity etc.It has adaptability widely, and various crop stalk all shows comparatively stable effect.
Diseases prevention worm straw decomposing inoculant is applied to maize straw plantation wheat, the rice straw also field test such as field rice cultivation, maize straw maize planting, the disease and pest that action effect causes after significantly can effectively controlling straw-returning.42.3%-53.9% is reached to crop sheath blight disease controlling effect, 39.4%-40.7% is reached to the prevention effect of subterranean pest-insect; Meanwhile, have the effect of short long volume increase, crop mu can be made to increase production 5%-10%, and crop quality obviously improves, and resistant to lodging, drought resistance, the winter resistance of crop all significantly improve; In addition, this straw decomposing inoculant and other agricultural measures compatibility good, can be used in combination with Insecticides (tech) & Herbicides (tech), chemical fertilizer, trace element, growth regulating class material etc.; Not by Environmental Factors, wide adaptability, various places crop material all can be promoted the use of.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a straw decomposing inoculant, is characterized in that, comprises the peat composed of rotten mosses and the microorganism species containing microbial activity composition;
Wherein, described microorganism species comprises trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus; And the content of described microorganism species is: 0.5-5 hundred million/gram of peats composed of rotten mosses;
The number of described trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus is than being 7:30:5:8; The granularity of the described peat composed of rotten mosses is: 0.08-0.1 millimeter;
Wherein, described trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus are all deposited in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, and its preserving number is followed successively by CGMCCNo.7861, CGMCCNo.7850, CGMCCNo.7849 and CGMCCNo.7848; Its preservation name is followed successively by: trichoderma harziarum, subtilis, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and green muscardine fungus.
2. a making method for straw decomposing inoculant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Former for trichoderma harziarum bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid;
Former for subtilis bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid;
Former for yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid;
Former for green muscardine fungus bacterial classification is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid;
Described trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid, described fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid, described fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid and described fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid are mixed, obtains mixed bacteria liquid;
The peat composed of rotten mosses of described mixed bacteria liquid and set weight is adsorbed and puddles, obtain the mixture that bacteria containing amount is 0.5-5 hundred million/gram of peats composed of rotten mosses;
Preparation after being pulverized by described mixture, obtains straw decomposing inoculant.
3. the making method of straw decomposing inoculant according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described, former for trichoderma harziarum bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains, in the step of trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid, specifically comprising:
Former for trichoderma harziarum bacterium is seeded in strain activation and culture base, at the temperature of 28-30 DEG C, cultivates 70-74 hour, obtain activating rear trichoderma harziarum bacterial classification; Wherein, according to weighing scale, described strain activation and culture base comprises potato 20%, glucose 2% and agar 2%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5;
Trichoderma harziarum bacterial classification after described activation is seeded in first liquid substratum, be 26-30 DEG C in temperature, rotating speed is shake-flask culture 12-16h under the condition of 110-130 rev/min, obtains trichoderma harziarum primary seed solution, wherein, described first liquid substratum contains the wheat bran that parts by weight are 5%;
Described trichoderma harziarum primary seed solution is seeded in and is equipped with in second liquid substratum seed fermentation tank, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be 110-130 rev/min condition bottom fermentation cultivate 16-20 hour, obtain trichoderma harziarum secondary seed solution; Wherein, according to weighing scale, described second liquid substratum comprises Semen Maydis powder 5%, ammonium sulfate 0.05%, bubble enemy 0.02%, injection benzylpenicillin potassium 0.0005%, streptomycin sulphate for injection 0.0003%, and its pH value is 4.0-4.5;
Described trichoderma harziarum secondary seed solution is seeded in the fermentor tank that described second liquid substratum is housed, rotating speed be 150-170 rev/min, pressure be 0.04-0.06 MPa condition bottom fermentation cultivate 84-90 hour, obtain described trichoderma harziarum fermented liquid.
4. the making method of straw decomposing inoculant according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described, former for subtilis bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains, in the step of fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid, specifically comprising:
Former for subtilis bacterium is seeded in strain activation and culture base, at the temperature of 28-30 DEG C, cultivates 22-26 hour, obtain activating rear Bacillus subtilis strain; Wherein, according to weighing scale, described strain activation and culture base comprises extractum carnis 0.3%, peptone 0.5%, NaCl0.5%, agar 2%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5;
Bacillus subtilis strain after described activation is seeded in first liquid substratum, temperature be 30-34 DEG C, rotating speed be the condition of 170-190 rev/min under shake-flask culture 8-10h, obtain subtilis primary seed solution, wherein, described first liquid substratum comprises extractum carnis 0.3%, sodium-chlor 0.5%, peptone 0.7%, and its pH value is 7.0;
Described subtilis primary seed solution being seeded in is equipped with in the seed fermentation tank of second liquid substratum, temperature be 30-34 DEG C, rotating speed be 210-230 rev/min condition bottom fermentation cultivate 8-10 hour, obtain subtilis secondary seed solution; Wherein, described second liquid substratum comprises: bean cake powder 2%, fish meal 0.5%, Semen Maydis powder 1.8%, starch 0.4%, magnesium sulfate 0.06%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%, bubble enemy 0.025%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5;
Described subtilis secondary seed solution is seeded in the fermentor tank containing the 3rd liquid nutrient medium, rotating speed be 210-230 rev/min, pressure be 0.04-0.06 MPa condition bottom fermentation cultivate 28-32 hour, obtain described fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid.
5. the making method of straw decomposing inoculant according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described, former for yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains, in the step of fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid, specifically comprising:
Former for yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium is seeded in strain activation and culture base, at the temperature of 28-30 DEG C, cultivates 70-74 hour, obtain activating rear yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial classification; Wherein, according to weighing scale, described strain activation and culture base comprises yeast extract paste 1%, peptone 2%, glucose 2%, agar 2%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5;
Yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial classification after described activation is seeded in first liquid substratum, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be the condition of 170-190 rev/min under shake-flask culture 8-10h, obtain yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae primary seed solution; Wherein, according to weighing scale, described first liquid substratum comprises yeast extract paste 1%, peptone 2%, glucose 2%, and its pH value 7.0;
Described yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae primary seed solution being seeded in is equipped with in the seed fermentation tank of second liquid substratum, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be 210-230 rev/min condition bottom fermentation cultivate 8-10 hour, obtain yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae secondary seed solution; Wherein, according to weighing scale, described second liquid substratum comprises: glucose 5%, peptone 0.5%, yeast extract paste 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium primary phosphate 0.1%, bubble enemy 0.05%;
Described yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae secondary seed solution is seeded in the fermentor tank that described second liquid substratum is housed, rotating speed be 210-230 rev/min, pressure be 0.04-0.06 MPa condition bottom fermentation cultivate 16-20 hour, obtain described fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid.
6. the making method of straw decomposing inoculant according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described, former for green muscardine fungus bacterial classification is carried out actication of culture, shake-flask culture, seed tank culture and fermentor cultivation, obtains, in the step of fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid, specifically comprising:
By former for green muscardine fungus strain inoculation in strain activation and culture base, at the temperature of 28-30 DEG C, cultivate 70-74 hour, obtain activating rear green muscardine fungus bacterial classification; Wherein, according to weighing scale, described strain activation and culture base comprises potato 20%, glucose 2%, agar 2%, and its pH value is 7.0-7.5;
By green muscardine fungus strain inoculation after described activation in first liquid substratum, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be the condition of 110-130 rev/min under shake-flask culture 12-16 hour, obtain green muscardine fungus primary seed solution, wherein, according to weighing scale, described first liquid substratum comprises thin wheat bran 5%;
Described green muscardine fungus primary seed solution being seeded in is equipped with in the seed fermentation tank of second liquid substratum, temperature be 26-30 DEG C, rotating speed be 110-130 rev/min condition bottom fermentation cultivate 16-20 hour, obtain green muscardine fungus secondary seed solution; Wherein, according to weighing scale, described second liquid substratum comprises Semen Maydis powder 5%, ammonium sulfate 0.05%, bubble enemy 0.02%, injection benzylpenicillin potassium 0.0005%, streptomycin sulphate for injection 0.0003%, and its pH value is 4.0-4.5;
Described green muscardine fungus secondary seed solution is seeded in the fermentor tank that described second liquid substratum is housed, rotating speed be 150-170 rev/min, pressure be 0.04-0.06 MPa condition bottom fermentation cultivate 84-90 hour, obtain described fermenting green muscardine fungus liquid.
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| CN108977376A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-11 | 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 | A kind of straw decomposing inoculant |
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