CN104446813A - Bioorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bioorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bioorganic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fertilizers. The fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of pig manure, 20-35 parts of plant decomposed straws, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 5-10 parts of grease, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 2-5 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of a compound microbial agent and 5-10 parts of a functional microbial agent. The bioorganic fertilizer disclosed by the invention has abundant nutritional elements and can be used for effectively improving the physical and chemical properties of soil, enhancing the capacity of preserving moisture and fertility of soil and preventing various physiologic diseases of plants, so that the output of crops is effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of biological fertilizer.
Background technology
As everyone knows, China is an agriculture production big country, in recent years, along with the quick growth of population, people, in order to improve crop yield, use chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals in a large number, cause organic content reduction, nutrient loss in soil, soil acidification, harden, the plant recovery of nutrient such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are not high, and soil flora is unbalance, biological activity reduces, harmful bacteria and objectionable impurities increase, and soil fertility degradation, agricultural sustainable development is subject to serious challenge.Chemical fertilizer and indiscriminate use of pesticide, both added the burden of peasant, causes again the objectionable impurities such as chemical residue in agricultural-food to roll up, had a strong impact on health and the existence of the mankind.Thus biological organic fertilizer is more and more subject to people's attention with its distinctive advantage.
Biological organic fertilizer refers to microorganisms with specific functions and is mainly originate and have the fertilizer of microbial fertilizer and fertilizer effect through the class that harmless treatment, the organic materials that becomes thoroughly decomposed are composited concurrently with plant and animal residues (as feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw etc.).Biological organic fertilizer nutritive element is complete, can improve crop yield and quality, and improvement soil, improves soil physical and chemical property, strengthens the ability of soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation, fertilizer.Containing a large amount of beneficial microorganisms in biological organic fertilizer, after beneficial microorganism enters soil, a large amount of secondary metabolites is produced in growth and breeding process, these products can promote the formation of soil aggregate to make, and soil becomes loose, soft, preserve moisture and fertility performance strengthens, water, gas, heat are coordinated more, and in bio-fertilizer, functional microbial has the effect of phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing and fixed nitrogen, for the growth of farm crop provides nutritive substance.Biological organic fertilizer is the new-type fertilizer of the Ministry of Agriculture and State Administration for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine's keypoint recommendation.
Chondroitin sulfate is a kind of acidic mucopolysaccharide, is extensively present in mammiferous cartilage, larynx bone, nasal bone and tracheae.Because chondroitin sulfate has reducing blood-fat, anticoagulation, anti-inflammatory and the physiologically active such as antitumor, can be used for prevention of arterial atherosclerosis clinically, improve immunity of organisms, the disease such as treatment rheumatosis and ephritis and the dysacousis that caused by Streptomycin sulphate.Due to the using value that it is medically higher, the market requirement is also increasing.But leftover materials are difficult to recycling after conventional sulfuric acid chrondroitin extracts, long-term heap surrounding environment of being rivals in a contest causes and greatly pollutes.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of biological organic fertilizer, this biological organic fertilizer has abundant nutritive element, effectively can improve soil physico-chemical property, strengthens the ability of soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping, the generation of the various physiological disturbance of prevention plant, effectively improves the output of farm crop.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of preparation method preparing biological organic fertilizer, the method is simple, and the product of preparation is high-quality and efficient, with low cost.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of biological organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight proportion: pig manure 30-40 part, plant are become thoroughly decomposed stalk 20-35 part, wheat bran 10-15 part, greasy filth 5-10 part, humic acids 5-10 part, urea 2-5 part, complex micro organism fungicide 5-10 part, functional microbial microbial inoculum 5-10 part.
Described complex micro organism fungicide is prepared by the following method: in liquid seed culture medium, cultivate 15-20 hour at 25 DEG C respectively by after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 35 ‰, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 2:2:1:1 is composite.
Described functional microbial microbial inoculum is prepared by the following method: in liquid seed culture medium, cultivate 15-20 hour at 25 DEG C respectively by after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 1%, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 1:1:1:1 is composite.
The described plant stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is the yeast adding quality 0.04%-0.06% in corn, wheat or rice straw, and mix, pile high 0.5-1 rice, turning in 10 days once, is fermented and is crushed to 6-8mm gained after 30 days.
Described greasy filth is residuum after the animal cartilage extraction chondroitin sulfate after deodorization process, and water content is 30%.
Peptone, extractum carnis, glucose, sodium-chlor, agar, the sterilized water of described liquid seed culture medium to be mass ratio be 15:8:5:5:20:1000; The peptone of described large tank substratum to be mass ratio be 240:20:300:400:100:8:2500, extractum carnis, sucrose, Semen Maydis powder, starch, potassium primary phosphate and sterilized water; The pH of described liquid seed culture medium and large tank substratum is 7.1.
The preparation method of above-mentioned biological organic fertilizer mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) proportionally proportioning raw material, carries out bar heap successively from top to bottom by the raw material pig manure of proportioning, the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed, wheat bran, greasy filth and humic acids, bar heap length 2 meters, and wide 1 meter, high 2 meters, five layers of material are successively evenly stacked;
(2) complex micro organism fungicide is evenly sprayed at bar heap material surface according to formula ratio, adjustment initial water content is 70%, urea regulates C/N than being 30:1, fermentation is started after material stirring is even with stirrer, when temperature to be elevated to after more than 60 DEG C every turning in 4 days once, to ferment after 15 days to obtain first fermentation product;
(3) after above-mentioned first fermentation product temperatur is down to 40 DEG C naturally, formula ratio functional microbial microbial inoculum is evenly added wherein, then stack fermentation and namely obtain the biological organic fertilizer fermented in 7 days;
(4) biological organic fertilizer fermented carried out pulverize, sub-sieve, granulation, oven dry, cooling, pack to obtain finished product.
Microorganism used therefor bacterial classification of the present invention is conventional commercial purchase and obtains.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) fertilizer formula of the present invention is reasonable, nutrients release is balanced, become thoroughly decomposed stalk, humic acids etc. for raw material with the greasy filth of chondroitin sulfate extraction residuum behind deodorization reason place, pig manure, wheat bran, plant, the biological organic fertilizer produced through interpolation complex micro organism fungicide and functional microbial bacteria fermentation after each raw material rational proportion, wherein containing the abundant nutritive element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, meet the growth needs of farm crop completely.
(2) in fertilizer of the present invention after fermenting twice containing a large amount of beneficial activity bacterium, its most high-content can reach 6,500,000,000 cfu/g, much larger than 0.2 hundred million cfu/g of national standard.After using fertilizer of the present invention, each bacterial classification is bred rapidly, can effectively suppress the harmful microbe such as fungi, bacterium, virus in soil to grow, effectively the generation of the various disease and pest of prevention.Simultaneously, functional strain wherein can also produce multiplely has bioactive enzyme, as cellulase, zytase etc., these enzymes can decompose the organic matter in soil, dissolve soluble substance, can promote that plant is to the absorption of mineral substance, promote the growth of plant, improve the growth quality of farm crop.
(3) the greasy filth raw material adopted in raw material of the present invention solves chondroitin sulfate extraction residue tankage greasy filth and places pollution on the environment for a long time, improves the second stage employ rate of this kind of greasy filth material.Its main component of greasy filth raw material of adding in fertilizer is lipid acid and triglyceride material, this can make fertilizer itself become thickness, gluing effect can be played to the crumb structure of soil after being applied to soil, effectively can improve the physical behavior of soil, strengthen ventilative, water conservation, the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil, keep soil from packing together, improve utilization rate of fertilizer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of biological organic fertilizer, it is formed by the preparation of raw material of following weight: pig manure 30 parts, plant become thoroughly decomposed stalk 20 parts, 10 parts, wheat bran, 5 parts, greasy filth, humic acids 5 parts, complex micro organism fungicide 5 parts, 2 parts, urea, functional microbial microbial inoculum 5 parts.
Above-mentioned complex micro organism fungicide is prepared by the following method: cultivate after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation 15 hours at 25 DEG C in liquid seed culture medium respectively, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 35 ‰, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 2:2:1:1 is composite.
Above-mentioned functions microbiobacterial agent is prepared by the following method: cultivate after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation 15 hours at 25 DEG C in liquid seed culture medium respectively, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 1%, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 1:1:1:1 is composite.
The described plant stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is the yeast adding quality 0.04% in corn, wheat or rice straw, and mix, pile high 0.5 meter, turning in 10 days once, is fermented and is crushed to 6-8mm gained after 30 days.
Described greasy filth is residuum after the animal cartilage extraction chondroitin sulfate after deodorization process, and water content is 30%.
Peptone, extractum carnis, glucose, sodium-chlor, agar, the sterilized water of described liquid seed culture medium to be mass ratio be 15:8:5:5:20:1000; The peptone of described large tank substratum to be mass ratio be 240:20:300:400:100:8:2500, extractum carnis, sucrose, Semen Maydis powder, starch, potassium primary phosphate and sterilized water; The pH of described liquid seed culture medium and large tank substratum is 7.1.
The preparation method of above-mentioned biological organic fertilizer, it comprises the following steps:
(1) proportionally proportioning raw material, carries out bar heap successively from top to bottom by the raw material pig manure of proportioning, the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed, wheat bran, greasy filth and humic acids, bar heap length 2 meters, and wide 1 meter, high 2 meters, five layers of material are successively evenly stacked;
(2) complex micro organism fungicide is evenly sprayed at bar heap material surface according to formula ratio, adjustment initial water content is 70%, urea regulates C/N than being 30:1, fermentation is started after material stirring is even with stirrer, when temperature to be elevated to after more than 60 DEG C every turning in 4 days once, to ferment after 15 days to obtain first fermentation product;
(3) after above-mentioned first fermentation product temperatur is down to 40 DEG C naturally, formula ratio functional microbial microbial inoculum is evenly added wherein, then stack fermentation and namely obtain the biological organic fertilizer fermented in 7 days;
(4) biological organic fertilizer fermented carried out pulverize, sub-sieve, granulation, oven dry, cooling, pack to obtain finished product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of biological organic fertilizer, it is formed by the preparation of raw material of following weight: pig manure 40 parts, plant become thoroughly decomposed stalk 35 parts, 15 parts, wheat bran, 10 parts, greasy filth, humic acids 10 parts, complex micro organism fungicide 10 parts, 5 parts, urea, functional microbial microbial inoculum 10 parts.
Above-mentioned complex micro organism fungicide is prepared by the following method: cultivate after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation 20 hours at 25 DEG C in liquid seed culture medium respectively, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 35 ‰, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 2:2:1:1 is composite.
Above-mentioned functions microbiobacterial agent is prepared by the following method: cultivate after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation 20 hours at 25 DEG C in liquid seed culture medium respectively, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 1%, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 1:1:1:1 is composite.
The described plant stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is the yeast adding quality 0.06% in corn, wheat or rice straw, and mix, pile high 1 meter, turning in 10 days once, is fermented and is crushed to 6-8mm gained after 30 days.
Described greasy filth is residuum after the animal cartilage extraction chondroitin sulfate after deodorization process, and water content is 30%.
Peptone, extractum carnis, glucose, sodium-chlor, agar, the sterilized water of described liquid seed culture medium to be mass ratio be 15:8:5:5:20:1000; The peptone of described large tank substratum to be mass ratio be 240:20:300:400:100:8:2500, extractum carnis, sucrose, Semen Maydis powder, starch, potassium primary phosphate and sterilized water; The pH of described liquid seed culture medium and large tank substratum is 7.1.
The preparation method of above-mentioned biological organic fertilizer is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of biological organic fertilizer, it is formed by the preparation of raw material of following weight: pig manure 35 parts, plant become thoroughly decomposed stalk 30 parts, 12 parts, wheat bran, 8 parts, greasy filth, humic acids 8 parts, complex micro organism fungicide 7 parts, 3 parts, urea, functional microbial microbial inoculum 9 parts.
Above-mentioned complex micro organism fungicide is prepared by the following method: cultivate after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation 20 hours at 25 DEG C in liquid seed culture medium respectively, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 35 ‰, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 2:2:1:1 is composite.
Above-mentioned functions microbiobacterial agent is prepared by the following method: cultivate after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation 20 hours at 25 DEG C in liquid seed culture medium respectively, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 1%, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 1:1:1:1 is composite.
The described plant stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is the yeast adding quality 0.06% in corn, wheat or rice straw, and mix, pile high 1 meter, turning in 10 days once, is fermented and is crushed to 6-8mm gained after 30 days.
Described greasy filth is residuum after the animal cartilage extraction chondroitin sulfate after deodorization process, and water content is 30%.
Peptone, extractum carnis, glucose, sodium-chlor, agar, the sterilized water of described liquid seed culture medium to be mass ratio be 15:8:5:5:20:1000; The peptone of described large tank substratum to be mass ratio be 240:20:300:400:100:8:2500, extractum carnis, sucrose, Semen Maydis powder, starch, potassium primary phosphate and sterilized water; The pH of described liquid seed culture medium and large tank substratum is 7.1.
The preparation method of above-mentioned biological organic fertilizer is with embodiment 1.
To the biological organic fertilizer obtained by embodiment 1-3, the content of its total nitrogen of analyzing and testing, total phosphorus, total potassium and organic content, living bacteria count, pH value and water ratio, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 biological organic fertilizer analytical test result
Data as can be seen from upper table, bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention contains abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content, and its organic content, living bacteria count, pH value and moisture content all meet the standard-required in National agricultural industry standard NY/884-2012 " biological organic fertilizer ".
2011 to 2013 continuous 3 years, chooses a slice experimental plot carry out EFFECTS OF INFLOW APPLICATION METHOD in Dangshan County pear tree plantation, Anhui Province.Experimental plot is divided into four pieces of formed objects, in every block experimental plot, pear tree planting density is identical, use biological organic fertilizer obtained in embodiment 1-3 and reference examples fertilizer respectively, wherein reference examples fertilizer is the common fertilizer that Hebei company produces, its organic content 33.2%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient content are 5.2%, and described per-cent is mass percent.Embodiment is identical with reference examples fertilizer fertilizing method, and other management are conventionally carried out.Its test-results sees the following form 2.
Table 2 2011-2013 fertilizer test result
Note:
arepresent that stimulation ratio is for compare with reference examples result in the same year.
Can be found out by above test-results, the pear tree effect of increasing production using fertilizer of the present invention is fairly obvious, and disease and pest incidence is obviously lower, and in continuous 3 years, Term Fertilization effect is comparatively stable, and stimulation ratio is in ascendant trend year by year.This is containing abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in the greasy filth raw material owing to adopting in fertilizer of the present invention, improve the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in whole fertilizer formula, improve the quantity of beneficial activity bacterium by the interpolation of multiple-microorganism composite fungus agent, the fertilizer obtained after each raw material rational proportion meets all nutritional needss of crop growth simultaneously.Especially after beneficial activity flora wherein enters soil, each bacterial classification is bred rapidly, can effectively suppress the harmful microbe such as fungi, bacterium, virus in soil to grow, effectively the generation of the various disease and pest of prevention.Simultaneously, functional strain wherein can also produce multiplely has bioactive enzyme, as cellulase, zytase etc., these enzymes can decompose the organic matter in soil, dissolve soluble substance, can promote that plant is to the absorption of mineral substance, promote the growth of plant, improve the growth quality of farm crop.The continuous life-time service of this biological organic fertilizer effectively can improve the physical behavior of soil, strengthens ventilative, water conservation, the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil, keeps soil from packing together, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, improve the Yield and qualities of farm crop further.
Claims (7)
1. a biological organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight proportion: pig manure 30-40 part, plant are become thoroughly decomposed stalk 20-35 part, wheat bran 10-15 part, greasy filth 5-10 part, humic acids 5-10 part, urea 2-5 part, complex micro organism fungicide 5-10 part, functional microbial microbial inoculum 5-10 part.
2. biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described complex micro organism fungicide is prepared by the following method: in liquid seed culture medium, cultivate 15-20 hour at 25 DEG C respectively by after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 35 ‰, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 2:2:1:1 is composite.
3. biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described functional microbial microbial inoculum is prepared by the following method: in liquid seed culture medium, cultivate 15-20 hour at 25 DEG C respectively by after trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, pseudomonas activation, then proceed in sterilized large tank substratum according to the inoculum size of 1%, after cultivating 25 hours at 30 DEG C, each bacterial classification is formed according to mass ratio 1:1:1:1 is composite.
4. biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described plant stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is the yeast adding quality 0.04%-0.06% in corn, wheat or rice straw, mix, pile high 0.5-1 rice, turning in 10 days once, is fermented and is crushed to 6-8mm gained after 30 days.
5. biological organic fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described greasy filth is residuum after the animal cartilage extraction chondroitin sulfate after deodorization process, and water content is 30%.
6. the biological organic fertilizer according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, peptone, extractum carnis, glucose, sodium-chlor, agar, the sterilized water of described liquid seed culture medium to be mass ratio be 15:8:5:5:20:1000; The peptone of described large tank substratum to be mass ratio be 240:20:300:400:100:8:2500, extractum carnis, sucrose, Semen Maydis powder, starch, potassium primary phosphate and sterilized water; The pH of described liquid seed culture medium and large tank substratum is 7.1.
7. a preparation method for biological organic fertilizer, is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
Proportionally proportioning raw material, carries out bar heap successively from top to bottom by the raw material pig manure of proportioning, the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed, wheat bran, greasy filth and humic acids, bar heap length 2 meters, and wide 1 meter, high 2 meters, five layers of material are successively evenly stacked;
Complex micro organism fungicide is evenly sprayed at bar heap material surface according to formula ratio, adjustment initial water content is 70%, urea regulates C/N than being 30:1, fermentation is started after material stirring is even with stirrer, when temperature to be elevated to after more than 60 DEG C every turning in 4 days once, to ferment after 15 days to obtain first fermentation product;
After above-mentioned first fermentation product temperatur is down to 40 DEG C naturally, formula ratio functional microbial microbial inoculum is evenly added wherein, then stack fermentation and namely obtain the biological organic fertilizer fermented in 7 days;
The biological organic fertilizer fermented carried out pulverize, sub-sieve, granulation, oven dry, cooling, pack to obtain finished product.
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Application publication date: 20150325 |