CN110256145A - A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110256145A CN110256145A CN201910541994.0A CN201910541994A CN110256145A CN 110256145 A CN110256145 A CN 110256145A CN 201910541994 A CN201910541994 A CN 201910541994A CN 110256145 A CN110256145 A CN 110256145A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tobacco organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof, tobacco organic fertilizer includes following parts by weight raw material: 45-55 parts of oil tea shell, 18-22 parts of pig manure, 9-11 parts of peanut press pulp, 18-22 parts of sheep dung；The preparation method of tobacco organic fertilizer is to crush oil tea shell and be uniformly mixed with pig manure, peanut press pulp, sheep dung, and organic fertilizer leavening is sprayed on one side amalgamation side, then ferments stack retting 40-50 days to obtain the final product.The present invention solves oil tea shell output greatly without obtaining rationally utilizing the caused wasting of resources and problem of environmental pollution, and preparation method of organic fertilizer of the invention is simple, it is full of nutrition, organic fertilizer of the invention, which is used for a long time, can repair tobacco-growing soil, improve tobacco leaf oil and fragrance, it shows style characteristic, improves tobacco leaf safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bio-organic fertilizer field, a kind of specific organic fertilizer and its preparation for being applied when tobacco planting
Method.
Background technique
Tobacco (Classification system:Nicotiana tabacum L.) industrial crops as China's agricultural industry, in China
It plays key player in agricultural industry economic development, also plays in modern and contemporary China economic development and nation-building and actively make
With.Tobacco leaf is produced into various tobacco products by industrial processes, meets the needs of smoker's consumption.Though tobacco product is not that people live
Necessity, but have become preference indispensable in numerous smokers' life.In recent years, since China's tobacco planting technology is continuous
It improves, national flue-cured tobacco total output is continuously increased, and cigarette quality is also being continuously improved, but compares with developed country, and China is in cigarette
Still in low-level development position in terms of grass planting, tobacco quality is low, and potassium content in tobacco leaf is lower than international standard, high-end tobacco leaf
The problems such as production underproduces is still serious.And in the numerous cigarette brands of China, although individual brand influences to compare at home
Greatly, but in the world, export ratio shared by Chinese tobacco is low, lacks international top-brand product, long in the competition of international cigarette market
Phase is in a disadvantageous position.Good soil is the basis that tobacco well grows, and guarantees the key of tobacco quality and yield.With cigarette
The expansion year by year of grass planting area, tobacco field continuous cropping be many cigarette districts there are the phenomenon that.Part kind cigarette time longer high-quality cigarette district
Often occur: continuous cropping phenomenon is serious, and disease pest harm aggravates, the enrichment of soil nutrient non-equilibrium and depletion；Plant cigarette district agricultural ecological ring
Border deteriorates；Quality of tobacco decline, productivity effect decline etc..Due to largely applying chemical fertilizer, soil multiple crop index is high, and soil is located for a long time
In overload state.The problems such as soil hardening caused by this series of factors, fertility decline, China's tobacco business is seriously affected
Sound development.
The waste of plant and animal is the main the way of production of organic fertilizer, and organic fertilizer is as a kind of fertilizer, containing a large amount of
Organic matter, organic nutrient and inorganic nutrients etc..Organic fertilizer can provide a large amount of required nutrients for plant growth, promote crop
Vigorous growth, and there is remarkable result to unit plane yield and economic benefit is further increased.In daily plantation, application
Organic fertilizer can be improved the utilization rate of fertilizer, while reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizer again, save production cost.Chronic administration is organic
Fertilizer is also beneficial to rehabilitating soil, improves the nutrient composition content of soil, and organic fertilizer rises in the agricultural development in China all the time
Important function.In recent decades, China's organic industry is quickly grown, and manure type is also continuously increased, the application of organic fertilizer
Range is also more and more extensive.Organic fertilizer is widely used in the Different Crops such as vegetables, wheat, corn, rice, tobacco at present,
And effect is relatively good.
Oil tea shell is the byproduct of Property of Tea oil Tree Fruit processing tea oil, typically constitutes from the 50%~60% of entire tea fruit Fresh Yuxincao.Oil
Substances, the content of lignin such as lignin rich in, pentosan are about 52.15% in tea shell, the content of pentosan
It is approximately 30.27%, the content of Tea Saponin and tannin is respectively 5.43%, 2.47%, and content of ashes is about 4.05%.Oil tea shell is
A treasured, it is good to deeply develop prospect, can furfural and xylitol processed, tannin extract, active carbon, moreover it is possible to make culture medium of edible fungus, extract tea
Saponin, however be all largely to be considered as fuel burn-up or be allowed to rot in forest land as fertilizer in oil tea place of production orchard worker.
It is burnt up as fuel, utility value just seems very low, causes the serious waste of resource, but also cause dirt to environment
Dye；It rots because oil-tea camellia husks quality is hard, it to be allowed to rot into the process that fertilizer needs to grow very much as fertilizer, utilized in forest land
Rate is also relatively low.Currently, the carbonization of oil tea shell is more using the research in terms of its absorption property, but pass it through fermentation and make
Less for the research of organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer for passing it through fermentation as tobacco planting is less.
Patent " 201610414168 .6 of CN, a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer and its system reducing tobacco underground pest and disease damage
Preparation Method " discloses a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer, and it includes more fertiliser granulates, every fertiliser granulates are from the inside to the outside successively
Including kernel, middle layer and outer layer.Kernel includes nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, mineral powder and binder.Middle layer includes flyash
And humic acid.Outer layer includes animal wastes, corn stover, oil tea shell, albumen object and the first microbial bacterial agent.By first when preparation
Raw material mixing granulation obtains the first fertiliser granulates.The surface that second raw material is attached to the first fertiliser granulates obtains the second fertiliser granulates.The
Three fermenting raw materials obtain the first mixture.The surface that first mixture is attached to the second fertiliser granulates obtains composite microbiological fertilizer
Grain.The number of top dressing can be reduced by applying obtained composite microbiological fertilizer, and can significantly improve the yield and quality of tobacco,
Reduce the harm of underground worm.Although the patent is disclosed is made composite microbiological fertilizer for oil tea shell after everfermentation and is used for tobacco
Plantation, but the preparation process of composite microbiological fertilizer is complicated, and in composite microbiological fertilizer preparation process, oil tea shell
Utilization it is less, be unfavorable for solving oil tea shell output greatly without obtaining rationally using the caused wasting of resources and environment
Pollution problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of tobacco organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof, and tobacco organic fertilizer is main with oil tea shell
Raw material, arrange in pairs or groups livestocks faces and bran cake are added microbial bacteria and obtain after pile fermentation.The present invention solves the production of oil tea shell
Amount is greatly without obtaining that rationally cigarette can not only be improved for tobacco planting using the caused wasting of resources and problem of environmental pollution
The yield and quality of grass, moreover it is possible to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle, improve soil.
A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer, including following parts by weight raw material: 45-55 parts of oil tea shell, 18-22 parts of pig manure, peanut press pulp
9-11 parts, 18-22 parts of sheep dung；
Steps are as follows for tobacco preparation method of organic fertilizer:
(1) oil tea shell is smashed to and crossed the sieve that diameter is 0.5-1.5mm, obtains oil tea shell powder.
(2) by amino acid primary liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate with volume ratio (4-6): 1 ratio is uniformly mixed, and prepares amino acid battalion
Nutrient solution.
(3) press water: brown sugar: amino-acid nutrition liquid: the mixing of urea=100:1:1:1:1 volume ratio, preparing microorganism bacterium are expanded
The culture solution of training, adjusting pH value are 6.8-7.2, are sterilized to culture solution, and microbial bacteria is then added and stirs evenly, in temperature
Oxygenation culture in 45-50 hours is carried out under the conditions of being 30-35 DEG C, obtains organic fertilizer fermentation agent.
(4) oil tea shell powder, pig manure, peanut press pulp, sheep dung are uniformly mixed, organic fertilizer leavening is sprayed on one side amalgamation side, makes
Raw material is sufficiently humidified so as to, but is not dripped.
(5) it by the wet matters harvest heap of step (4), covers waterproof membrane and carries out fermentation stack retting, when room temperature≤25 DEG C, 30-
Turning in 40 days is primary；When room temperature >=25 DEG C, turning in 20-25 days is primary, continues epiphragma fermentation stack retting after each turning；Fermentation heap
It macerates 40-50 days and obtains tobacco organic fertilizer.
The tobacco organic fertilizer needs to apply tobacco after last time turning completed for 1 week.
The microbial bacteria include bacillus subtilis, jelly bacillus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis,
Su Yun bacillus, Paenibacillus polymyxa, bacillus pumilus, bacillus laterosporus, cellulose decomposing bacteria, Candida,
Aspergillus niger, root aspergillus and streptomycete etc..
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) be bacillus one kind, aerobic bacteria；It is widely distributed in soil
In earth and the organic matter of corruption, easily bred in withered grass leaching juice, it can be with a variety of strain mixtures；Available protein, a variety of sugar
And starch, it decomposes tryptophan and forms indoles；Bacillus subtilis thallus itself synthesizes alpha-amylase, protease, lipase, fiber
The enzymes such as plain enzyme；A variety of B family vitamins such as vitamin B1, B2, B6, niacin can be synthesized；Bacillus subtilis thalli growth process
Subtilin, polymyxins, nystatin, the gramicidins isoreactivity substance of middle generation, these active materials to pathogenic bacteria or
The conditioned pathogen of autogenous infection has apparent inhibiting effect.Bacillus subtilis is not only able to inhibit phytopathogen, and
And can also inducing plant itself disease resistance mechanisms to enhance the disease-resistant performance of plant.Bacillus subtilis have certain fixed nitrogen,
Phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing effect, moreover it is possible to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, inhibit absorption of the crops to nitrate nitrogen, heavy metal, pesticide, purification and
Rehabilitating soil reduces corps diseases, promotes the decomposed utilization of agricultural crop straw and municipal refuse, protects environment.
Jelly bacillus (Bacillus jelly) can artificial culture mainly do biological function bacterium and add and be suitable for various
Crop；Fast with fertility, formation gemma is more, easily survives, the strong feature of degeneration-resistant environment；Silicate and aluminosilicate can be decomposed
And the potassium-bearing mineral in other ores, have the function of Soluble phosphorus, Potassium release and fixed nitrogen, while can generate during growth and breeding organic
The substance that acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone etc. are conducive to plant absorption and utilize.After jelly bacillus breeds in the soil, point
Plant growth substance and a variety of enzymes are secreted, to enhance crop to the resistance of some diseases, the growth of other pathogens can be inhibited.
33% or more potassium content in thallus ash content, endobacillary potassium is after thallus is dead, separate out, and can directly be absorbed by plant
It utilizes.Jelly bacillus can improve soil, loose hardened, balanced nutrient, increase fertility of land, activating soil ingredient, improve soil
Retain water and nutrients ability, effectively containment soil degradation, improvement salt-soda soil.
Paenibacillus polymyxa (Paenibacillus polymyxa) is important beneficial rhizosphere biology, certain bacterial strains
Can secrete polypeptide albumen, enzyme and plant hormone isoreactivity product, these products can prevent and treat plant soil-borne diseases and promote to plant
Object growth and volume increase；Paenibacillus polymyxa destroys bacterial cytoplasm by the raw element of the polypeptides young birds such as secretion polymyxins, colistin
The permeability of film causes intracellular organic matter leakage to play the role of preventing and treating bacterial disease.Simultaneously can also by with plant it
Between interaction induction plant generation system resistance reach disease resisting effect.The jolipeptin of Paenibacillus polymyxa secretion, paddy
The polypeptide antibiotics such as figured silk fabrics rhzomorph, nucleosides antibiotics Polyoxin, β -1, the enzymes such as 3- dextranase can act on fungi
Cell wall, mycelia tip when fungi being caused to grow forms expansion bubble and ruptures, to realize the prevention and treatment to fungal disease.It is more
Viscous series bacillus has the plurality of plant diseases such as plant verticillium wilt, chick-pea wilt disease, rape rot disease, black pine root rot
There is certain control action.
Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) is bacillus, thallus thin rod shape, generally 0.6-0.7 μm
× 2.0-3.0 μm, Gram-positive.Bacillus pumilus can generate a variety of exogenous digestive ferments, hydrolyze starch, and degradation sweet dew is poly-
Sugar, xylan, cellulose etc..
Bacillus laterosporus (Brevibacillus laterosporus) is a kind of hormone as stimulation plant growth
Class reagent, is widely used in agricultural production.It has the effect that 1, promote plant root growth, enhance root system absorbability,
To improve crop yield；2, inhibit pathogen breeding inside and outside plant, mitigate pest and disease damage, reduce pesticide residue；3, improvement is dredged
Mellow soil solves soil compaction phenomenon, so that activating soil, improves utilization rate of fertilizer；4, enhance plant metabolism, promote light
Blade protection film is used and is strengthened in cooperation, resists pathogen；5, enhance photosynthesis, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce nitrate and contain
Amount；6, solidify several heavy metals, reduce plant in-vivo heavy metal content.
Cellulolytic bacterium (Cellulose decomposingbacteria) refers to the thin of energy decomposition of cellulose
Bacterium until cellulose can be broken down into glucose always, can be accumulated in decomposable process sometimes due to the effect of cellulase etc.
Cellobiose.This kind of bacterium is more common in peat, can be that plant is easy the small-molecule substance absorbed by fiber degradation.
Candida (Candida) belongs to the yeast that can be formed pseudohypha, not generate ascospore.Many Candida energy
It is that carbon source carries out petro-jelly fermentation dewaxing, and generates value product using normal alkane.Candida generates false silk and forms micro- life
The microenvironment of object growth accelerates the decomposition and conversion of lignin and cellulose.
Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus nige) is distributed widely in grain all over the world, plant product and soil,
It is important fermentation industry strain, amylase, acid protease, cellulase, pectase, glucose oxidase, lemon can be produced
Lemon acid, gluconic acid and gallic acid etc..Some bacterial strains can also convert androstene for hydroxyl pregnant sterone.
The spore of rhizopus (Rhizopus) can save in solid medium, can keep viability for a long time.Head mold exists
Distributed in nature is very wide, widely used, and amylase activity is very strong, is common saccharolytic in brewery industry.
A section for streptomycete (streptomyces) Actinomycetal, substrate mycelium is not broken, and aerial hyphae usually develops good
It is good, form the fibrillae of spores of long (sometimes short).Streptomycete 16A-6 bacterial strain is a kind of new variant of streptomyces noursei, names Nore
This streptomycete Xichang mutation, tunning are Ningnanmycin, are to have prevention and treatment to viral diseases of plants and some fungal diseases
The agricultural antibiotic of effect is a kind of low toxicity, low-residual, nothing " three cause " and accumulation problems, drug free from environmental pollution, to tobacco
Mosaic virus has good control efficiency.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Using oil tea shell as primary raw material, arrange in pairs or groups livestocks faces and bran cake are added microbial bacteria and pass through pile fermentation tobacco organic fertilizer
After obtain.Oil tea shell is the byproduct of Property of Tea oil Tree Fruit processing tea oil, nutriment rich in, especially potassium element, by it
Organic fertilizer is used as after everfermentation, solve oil tea shell output greatly without obtain rationally using the caused wasting of resources and
Problem of environmental pollution.Tea Saponin in oil tea shell effectively can kill and drive the harmful organism in sandstone soil.Peanut press pulp
It is the accessory substance after shelled peanut oil expression, is rich in two macroelements of phosphorus and potassium, carbon-nitrogen ratio is small, and decomposition rate is fast after being manured into soil,
Fertilizer efficiency is rapid.Peanut press pulp contains a large amount of fiber, and directly application can generate a large amount of thermal energy, causes to burn root or burns kind of a phenomenon, by it
Carrying out can be to avoid the generation of this phenomenon after stack retting, and nutritional ingredient is more abundant after stack retting, be also easier to by
It absorbs.Pig manure quality is thinner, and containing more organic matter and npk nutrient, pig manure decomposes slower；Organic matter contains in sheep dung
Amount is 24%-27%, nitrogen content 0.7%-0.8%, phosphorus content 0.45%-0.6%, potassium contents 0.3%-0.6%, sheep urine
The content of middle organic matter is 5%, and nitrogen content 1.3%-1.4%, phosphorus content is few, and potassium is very abundant, up to 2.1%-2.3%.Pig
Excrement, sheep dung are a kind of good organic fertilizers through everfermentation, make fertilizer using it, can improve soil property, are to prevent the hardening soil, warp
Ji value is fine.The present invention combines oil tea shell, peanut press pulp, pig manure, sheep dung ferments by biological bacteria, obtains
The content of organic matter is high in tobacco organic fertilizer, and phosphorus, potassium are abundant, meets the needs of tobacco growing, especially contains a large amount of potassium element,
The feature that tobacco needs potassium amount big is met, the content of potassium in tobacco leaf can be improved, improve the flammability of tobacco leaf.
Bacillus is a kind of ideal bio-feritlizer addition bacterial strain, has that resistance is strong, nutrition is simple, breeding speed
Degree is fast, and living bacteria count amount is high, performance is stablized, and most strains have diseases prevention, growth-promoting, phosphorus decomposing, nitrogen fixation, for developing ecology
Agricultural has important practical significance.A variety of bacillus are used in the present invention, pile fermentation is carried out to raw material, what is synthesized is each
The macromolecular substances of raw material can be degraded to the small-molecule substance more easily absorbed, the activity of secretion by fermentoid by enzymolysis
Substance can promote tobacco growing, can also prevent and treat pest and disease damage, improve the disease-resistant performance of crop.Microbial bacteria further includes cellulose
Decomposability bacterium, Candida, aspergillus niger, root aspergillus and streptomycete, cellulolytic bacterium can decompose the fibre in raw material
Dimension element makes cellulose become to be added by substances, Candida, aspergillus niger, root aspergillus such as glucose that crop absorbs easily
The progress fermented fastly promotes enzymolysis, the tunning Ningnanmycin On Tobacco Mosaic Virus disease tool of streptomycete 16A-6 bacterial strain
There is good control efficiency.Microorganism in soil is mainly made of the organism living such as fungi, bacterium, actinomyces, the present invention
Microbial bacteria contain fungi, bacterium, actinomyces, and because Continuous Tobacco Cropping is affected to bacterium in vega soil, because
The type of bacterium is more in this biological bacteria of the invention, can effectively supplement the beneficial bacteria in soil, maintains micro- life in soil
The ecological balance of object.Microbial flora is quickly bred in root, has anti-continuous cropping, resistance.
Brown sugar almost remains the whole components in sugarcane juice because no height of passing through is concise, other than having the function of sugar,
Also contain vitamin and microelement, such as iron, zinc, manganese, chromium, it is full of nutrition, brown sugar is added in fermentation, can be played quickly
The effect for activating fermenting microbe, accelerating culture propagation speed.Amino acid primary liquid contains 17 kinds of amino acid, and content is up to 25%, nitrogenous
15% is the material base of life with upper amino acid, it is the nutriment of animals and plants common need；Ammonia contained by amino acid primary liquid
Base acid A wide selection of colours and designs, can be utilized by microbial bacteria, and microbial bacteria is promoted quickly to spread cultivation；And amino acid primary liquid also has by force
Power takes root, promotes health of root prosperity, sturdy stem, activating soil, the effect for adjusting soil acidity or alkalinity.It spreads cultivation in microorganism
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea are added in culture solution, nitrogen in culture solution, phosphorus, potassium element can be supplemented；Amino acid primary liquid and di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium first carries out being mixed to get amino-acid nutrition liquid, and the two is stabilized in the mixture, and it is molten can also to weaken potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Acidification reaction when water；Condition needed for amino-acid nutrition liquid+brown sugar+urea combination meets biological bacteria growth, by it
The culture solution to spread cultivation as microbial bacteria can promote microbial bacteria quickly to breed.
Tobacco organic fertilizer of the invention is not only full of nutrition, can supplement the nutritional ingredient lacked in soil, has arranged in pairs or groups micro-
Biological bacteria can also adjust the ecological balance of edaphon；In addition to this, tobacco preparation method of organic fertilizer letter of the invention
It is single, it is time-consuming short.Organic fertilizer of the invention is applied relative to application chemical fertilizer and other organic fertilizers, it is more effective to tobacco growing, more can
The amount of tobacco dry matter is effectively improved, the content of tobacco leaf water-soluble sugar and reduced sugar is improved, improves moderate grain in soil
The percentage of grade improves the activity value of Soil fixed NH_4+ and invertase.Applying organic fertilizer of the invention can effectively mention
Total nitrogen, total nicotine and the protein content of high tobacco leaf make sugared alkali than decline, and nitrogen base ratio tends to rationally, so as to improve tobacco leaf
Quality；The saturated fatty acid, carotenoid, ether extract content of tobacco leaf Later growth also can be improved, reduce unsaturated lipid
The content of fat acid, and the content of potassium in tobacco leaf can be improved, improve the flammability of tobacco leaf.Organic fertilizer of the invention, which is used for a long time, to be repaired
Multiple tobacco-growing soil, improves tobacco leaf oil and fragrance, shows style characteristic, improves tobacco leaf safety.
Specific embodiment
For the more detailed introduction present invention, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer, including following parts by weight raw material: 50 parts of oil tea shell, 20 parts of pig manure, 10 parts of peanut press pulp, sheep dung 20
Part.
Steps are as follows for tobacco preparation method of organic fertilizer:
(1) oil tea shell is smashed to and crossed the sieve that diameter is 1mm, obtains oil tea shell powder.
(2) amino acid primary liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are uniformly mixed with the ratio of volume ratio 5:1, prepare amino acid nutrient
Liquid.
(3) press water: brown sugar: amino-acid nutrition liquid: the mixing of urea=100:1:1:1:1 volume ratio, preparing microorganism bacterium are expanded
The culture solution of training, adjusting pH value are 6.8-7.2, are sterilized to culture solution, and microbial bacteria is then added and stirs evenly, in temperature
Oxygenation culture in 48 hours is carried out under the conditions of being 32 DEG C, obtains organic fertilizer fermentation agent.
(4) oil tea shell powder, pig manure, peanut press pulp, sheep dung are uniformly mixed, organic fertilizer leavening is sprayed on one side amalgamation side, makes
Raw material is sufficiently humidified so as to, but is not dripped.
(5) it by the wet matters harvest heap of step (4), covers waterproof membrane and carries out fermentation stack retting, when room temperature≤25 DEG C, 30-
Turning in 40 days is primary；When room temperature >=25 DEG C, turning in 20-25 days is primary, continues epiphragma fermentation stack retting after each turning；Fermentation heap
It macerates 40-50 days and obtains tobacco organic fertilizer.
The tobacco organic fertilizer needs to apply tobacco after last time turning completed for 1 week.
The microbial bacteria is by bacillus subtilis, jelly bacillus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, Soviet Union
It is cloud bacillus, Paenibacillus polymyxa, bacillus pumilus, bacillus laterosporus, cellulose decomposing bacteria, Candida, black
Aspergillus, root aspergillus and streptomycete mixed in equal amounts obtain.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer, including following parts by weight raw material: 45 parts of oil tea shell, 18 parts of pig manure, 9 parts of peanut press pulp, sheep dung 18
Part.
Steps are as follows for tobacco preparation method of organic fertilizer:
(1) oil tea shell is smashed to and crossed the sieve that diameter is 0.5mm, obtains oil tea shell powder.
(2) amino acid primary liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are uniformly mixed with the ratio of volume ratio 4:1, prepare amino acid nutrient
Liquid.
(3) press water: brown sugar: amino-acid nutrition liquid: the mixing of urea=100:1:1:1:1 volume ratio, preparing microorganism bacterium are expanded
The culture solution of training, adjusting pH value are 6.8-7.2, are sterilized to culture solution, and microbial bacteria is then added and stirs evenly, in temperature
Oxygenation culture in 50 hours is carried out under the conditions of being 30 DEG C, obtains organic fertilizer fermentation agent.
(4) oil tea shell powder, pig manure, peanut press pulp, sheep dung are uniformly mixed, organic fertilizer leavening is sprayed on one side amalgamation side, makes
Raw material is sufficiently humidified so as to, but is not dripped.
(5) it by the wet matters harvest heap of step (4), covers waterproof membrane and carries out fermentation stack retting, when room temperature≤25 DEG C, 30-
Turning in 40 days is primary；When room temperature >=25 DEG C, turning in 20-25 days is primary, continues epiphragma fermentation stack retting after each turning；Fermentation heap
It macerates 40-50 days and obtains tobacco organic fertilizer.
The tobacco organic fertilizer needs to apply tobacco after last time turning completed for 1 week.
The microbial bacteria include bacillus subtilis, jelly bacillus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis,
Su Yun bacillus, Paenibacillus polymyxa, bacillus pumilus, bacillus laterosporus, cellulose decomposing bacteria, Candida,
Aspergillus niger, root aspergillus and streptomycete etc..
Embodiment 3
A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer, including following parts by weight raw material: 55 parts of oil tea shell, 22 parts of pig manure, 11 parts of peanut press pulp, sheep dung 22
Part.
Steps are as follows for tobacco preparation method of organic fertilizer:
(1) oil tea shell is smashed to and crossed the sieve that diameter is 1.5mm, obtains oil tea shell powder.
(2) amino acid primary liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are uniformly mixed with the ratio of volume ratio 6:1, prepare amino acid nutrient
Liquid.
(3) press water: brown sugar: amino-acid nutrition liquid: the mixing of urea=100:1:1:1:1 volume ratio, preparing microorganism bacterium are expanded
The culture solution of training, adjusting pH value are 6.8-7.2, are sterilized to culture solution, and microbial bacteria is then added and stirs evenly, in temperature
Oxygenation culture in 45 hours is carried out under the conditions of being 35 DEG C, obtains organic fertilizer fermentation agent.
(4) oil tea shell powder, pig manure, peanut press pulp, sheep dung are uniformly mixed, organic fertilizer leavening is sprayed on one side amalgamation side, makes
Raw material is sufficiently humidified so as to, but is not dripped.
(5) it by the wet matters harvest heap of step (4), covers waterproof membrane and carries out fermentation stack retting, when room temperature≤25 DEG C, 30-
Turning in 40 days is primary；When room temperature >=25 DEG C, turning in 20-25 days is primary, continues epiphragma fermentation stack retting after each turning；Fermentation heap
It macerates 40-50 days and obtains tobacco organic fertilizer.
The tobacco organic fertilizer needs to apply tobacco after last time turning completed for 1 week.
The microbial bacteria include bacillus subtilis, jelly bacillus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis,
Su Yun bacillus, Paenibacillus polymyxa, bacillus pumilus, bacillus laterosporus, cellulose decomposing bacteria, Candida,
Aspergillus niger, root aspergillus and streptomycete etc..
Application Example:
Effect in order to better illustrate the present invention, applicant use tobacco organic fertilizer and the compound dregs of beans fiber crops dregs of rice of the invention respectively
(being purchased from Nanjing nation standing grain fertilizer (group) Co., Ltd), tobacco specific complex chemical fertilizer (are purchased from the limited public affairs of Yunnan cloud phyllody fertilizer share
Take charge of) a collection of tobacco has been planted in tobacco planting Experimental Base, and using any organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer is not applied as a control group, study
Different fertilization contains tobacco plant growth traits, tobacco amount of dry matter, tobacco tobacco leaf Water-soluble Total Sugar and reduced sugar
The influence of amount, soil aggregate structure, Soil fixed NH_4+ and invertase activity value, the results are shown in Table 1-5.In table: CK: not applying and appoint
What organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer；T1: tobacco organic fertilizer of the invention is applied；T2: the compound dregs of beans fiber crops dregs of rice are applied；T3: application tobacco is dedicated
Composite chemical fertilizer.A, the different letters such as b, c indicate difference up to 5% level of signifiance.The planting method of tobacco of each group is identical, the use of fertilizer
Amount and fertilization mode are same, are influenced by not applying fertilizer or applying different fertilizer unitary variants.
(1), influence of the different fertilization to tobacco plant growth traits
As shown in Table 1, the increasing value of plant height is T1 > T2 > T3 > CK, and T1, T2 and CK difference are obvious.The increasing value of stem girth: T2 >
T1 > T3 > CK, T1 and T2 difference is not significant.The increasing value of effective blade number is that T1 is most, followed by T2, and bright with the difference of CK
It is aobvious.Relative comparison group CK applies plant height, stem girth and effective blade that organic fertilizer processing of the invention effectively increases tobacco
Number promotes growth, so that tobacco growing developmental potencies dramatically increase.To sum up it can be concluded that applying organic fertilizer of the invention to tobacco
Growth is more effective, and chemical fertilizer processing is compared with organic fertilizer poor processing effect.
(2), influence of the different fertilization to tobacco amount of dry matter
As shown in Table 2, tobacco dry substance mixture is T1 > T2 > T3 > CK, and the total dry-matter accumulation of tobacco is apparently higher than pair after fertilising
According to group, the dry substance mixture for applying the T1 processing of organic fertilizer of the invention is apparently higher than other processing, and applies the processing of chemical fertilizer
Generally it is lower than other fertilizer treatments.In the leaf of middle and lower part, the amount of dry matter of organic fertilizer T1 processing of the invention is apparently higher than other
Processing.The amount of dry matter of each processing in root system, the value highest of root system amount of dry matter under organic fertilizer T1 processing of the invention,
It handles more balanced.So the influence to tobacco amount of dry matter, T1 processing is more significant, can effectively improve tobacco dry matter
Amount.
(3), influence of the different fertilization to tobacco tobacco leaf Water-soluble Total Sugar and content of reducing sugar
To in tobacco tobacco leaf middle and lower part leaf and upper leaf Water-soluble Total Sugar and reduced sugar be measured, obtain the number such as the following table 3
According to.
From table 3 it is observed that different fertilization, tobacco middle and lower part tobacco leaf Water-soluble Total Sugar content size is at T1 > T3
Sequentially, Water-soluble Total Sugar and content of reducing sugar are T1 > T3 > T2 > CK, institute to > T2 > CK in tobacco middle and lower part+upper leaf
The content of tobacco leaf water-soluble sugar and reduced sugar can be improved with organic fertilizer of the invention.
(4), influence of the different fertilization to soil aggregate structure
As can be seen from Table 4, organic fertilizer of the invention granule percentages at different levels are applied to be changed compared with the control group.It does not apply
It is handled with the blank CK of any fertilizer, the ratio that the big soil separate of > 3mm and 2~3mm occupy is higher, and applies the present invention
Organic fertilizer the ratio that is occupied with the moderate soil separate of 2~3mm and 1~2mm of processing it is high, the processing of application chemical fertilizer and blank pair
It is unobvious according to difference, so the percentage of each grade of soil can be improved by applying organic fertilizer of the invention, improve in soil
Moderate grade ratio, conducive to the growth of tobacco.
(5), influence of the different fertilization to Soil fixed NH_4+ and invertase activity value
The activity value and soil invertase of catalase, apply organic fertilizer of the invention, soil in the soil of 5 different disposal of table
The activity value of catalase and invertase is all improved, and is accelerated soil nutrient and is decomposed and convert.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of tobacco organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that the tobacco organic fertilizer includes following parts by weight raw material: oil tea shell 45-
55 parts, 18-22 parts of pig manure, 9-11 parts of peanut press pulp, 18-22 parts of sheep dung；
Steps are as follows for tobacco preparation method of organic fertilizer:
(1) oil tea shell is smashed to and crossed the sieve that diameter is 0.5-1.5mm, obtains oil tea shell powder；
(2) by amino acid primary liquid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate with volume ratio (4-6): 1 ratio is uniformly mixed, and prepares amino acid nutrient
Liquid；
(3) press water: brown sugar: amino-acid nutrition liquid: the mixing of urea=100:1:1:1:1 volume ratio, preparing microorganism bacterium spread cultivation
Culture solution, adjusting pH value are 6.8-7.2, are sterilized to culture solution, and microbial bacteria is then added and stirs evenly, is in temperature
Oxygenation culture in 45-50 hours is carried out under the conditions of 30-35 DEG C, obtains organic fertilizer fermentation agent；
(4) oil tea shell powder, pig manure, peanut press pulp, sheep dung are uniformly mixed, organic fertilizer leavening is sprayed on one side amalgamation side, makes raw material
It is sufficiently humidified so as to, but does not drip；
(5) it by the wet matters harvest heap of step (4), covers waterproof membrane and carries out fermentation stack retting, when room temperature≤25 DEG C, 30-40 days
Turning is primary；When room temperature >=25 DEG C, turning in 20-25 days is primary, continues epiphragma fermentation stack retting after each turning；Ferment stack retting
Obtain tobacco organic fertilizer within 40-50 days.
2. tobacco organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tobacco organic fertilizer is needed in last time turning
Tobacco could be applied after completing for 1 week.
3. tobacco organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the microbial bacteria includes bacillus subtilis, glue
Freeze bacillus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, Su Yun bacillus, Paenibacillus polymyxa, short and small gemma bar
Bacterium, bacillus laterosporus, cellulose decomposing bacteria, Candida, aspergillus niger, root aspergillus and streptomycete.
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| CN110756568A (en) * | 2019-12-08 | 2020-02-07 | 淮安柴米河农业科技股份有限公司 | Quick destroying and deteriorating process for waste tobacco powder in cigarette factory |
| CN111217643A (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2020-06-02 | 广西贵港华堂天诺微生物科技有限公司 | Production method of microbial fertilizer |
| CN111285739A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-16 | 云南省烟草公司临沧市公司 | Tobacco-planting soil remediation organic and compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112830826A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-25 | 湖南启农生物科技有限公司 | Camellia oleifera shell organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114503892A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-17 | 四川省烟草公司泸州市公司 | Planting method capable of promoting root development of tobacco plants |
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