JP2008081604A - Soil improvement method and improved soil - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soil improvement method suppressing use of agricultural chemical and chemical fertilizer to the minimum, increasing a yield of field crops in a relatively short period of time and enhancing flavor or the like of the field crops, and to provide improved soil. <P>SOLUTION: The soil improvement method includes the step for mixing a bamboo compost making a bamboo as a compost material to the soil and allowing to stand it for a constant period of time, and the step for periodically mixing a useful microorganism-containing solution to the soil mixed with the bamboo compost. Thereby, a growth promotion substance contained in the bamboo is given to the soil and since the bamboo contained in the bamboo compost becomes a den of the useful microorganism contained in the useful microorganism-containing solution by the fact that the bamboo is porous, an activity of the microorganism in the soil can be always maintained in the high state and improvement of the soil can be sufficiently performed in a relatively short period of time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a soil improvement method and improved soil that improve the growth of crops by minimizing the use of chemical fertilizers.

  In the patent document 1, the present inventor discards the parts (hereinafter referred to as “crusts”) and the like that are not used as commodities, such as the crust skin, the tips, and the roots, which are discharged from the mined boiled water processing plant. Due to disposal problems and the aging and shortage of workers in digging, the edible firewood is left without being mined, and then the grown young bamboo is not left until it becomes a parent bamboo without being cut down. In order to solve the problem of sufficient bamboo forest, a method for producing fermented fertilizer for bamboo using husk or bamboo as the main material is disclosed.

  As disclosed in Patent Document 1, by adding useful microorganisms to compost raw materials containing bamboo as the main raw material and composting, it becomes a fertilizer containing growth-promoting substances contained in bamboo, and promotes the growth of crops. It is possible to produce an extremely effective fertilizer. Moreover, if a crop is cultivated in the improved soil fertilized with this fertilizer, it is possible to vigorously grow the crop up to a high part.

JP 2006-131487 A

By fertilizing the compost raw material described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to minimize the use of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizers and improve the soil to be good for crop growth. Has a problem that it takes a relatively long time such as 1 to 2 years.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement method and improved soil capable of improving crop yield and the like as well as increase crop yield in a relatively short period of time.

The soil improvement method of the present invention is characterized in that bamboo compost using bamboo as a compost raw material and a solution containing useful microorganisms are mixed with soil.
Further, the soil improvement method of the present invention is a step of mixing bamboo compost using bamboo as a compost raw material and allowing it to stand for a certain period of time, and periodically mixing a solution containing useful microorganisms in the soil mixed with bamboo compost. And a process.

  By mixing bamboo compost using bamboo as a raw material for compost and a solution containing useful microorganisms, growth promoting substances such as gibberellin, kinetin and tyrosine are added to the soil, which supports the tremendous growth of bamboo. Then, useful microorganisms contained in the solution containing useful microorganisms perform metabolic activity and decompose surrounding organic substances. Here, since bamboo is a porous material, bamboo contained in bamboo compost becomes a home for useful microorganisms contained in the solution containing useful microorganisms, and becomes a highly breathable and highly permeable soil that metabolizes useful microorganisms. Air and water necessary for the activities will be distributed moderately in the soil. As a result, the activity of useful microorganisms in the soil can be maintained at a high level at all times, so that the metabolic activity of the useful microorganisms can be maintained continuously and the useful microorganisms in the soil can be kept active. Proliferation can be promoted, and the soil can be improved in a relatively short time.

  In addition, by periodically mixing the useful microorganism-containing solution, it will periodically inject useful microorganisms in a more active state than useful microorganisms in the soil that have lost activity due to repeated metabolism, The soil can be improved more effectively than when the useful microorganism-containing solution is mixed only once.

  Here, as the useful microorganism-containing solution, it is desirable to use bamboo liquid obtained by fermenting bamboo or an extract of bamboo with useful microorganisms.

  The bamboo liquor contains growth-promoting substances such as plant hormones and amino acids, and repellents against pests, etc., and this bamboo liquor is mixed with bamboo compost to improve plant growth. Can be soil. In addition, by periodically applying the bamboo liquid to the soil, not only highly active and useful microorganisms, but also growth-promoting substances and pest repellent components are regularly injected, so that the soil can be more effectively removed. It can be improved.

  Here, it is desirable that the bamboo compost is produced by mixing useful microorganisms with compost raw materials mainly composed of bamboo.

  Fermentation using bamboo as the main raw material and containing at least one useful microorganism such as actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, and koji molds, and composting them, thereby containing growth-promoting substances contained in bamboo It becomes a fertilizer and can give the soil an extremely effective component for promoting the growth of plants. In addition, since useful microorganisms contained in the fertilizer and useful microorganisms contained in the useful microorganism-containing solution are both actively metabolizing in the soil, the soil can be improved to have good growth for crops. Here, it is desirable to use a husk or a young bamboo as the main raw material bamboo. Since husk and young bamboo contain abundant growth-promoting substances such as gibberellin, kinetin, and tyrosine, they can be used as fermented fertilizers that are rich in nutrients suitable for plant growth. it can.

  Here, the preferred ratio of either one or both of the husk and the young bamboo is 5% or more, desirably 20% or more, more desirably 40% or more, and when adding parent bamboo, The ratio of one or both of the husk and the young bamboo is 5% or more, preferably 20% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and the ratio of the parent bamboo added is 50% or more. As composting materials other than husks, young bamboos, and parent bamboos, small amounts of organic materials such as vegetable waste, food squeezed rice cake, food waste, rice husk, vegetation, and the like can be used. Moreover, you may add the substance as fertilizer components, such as a shell, bone meal, and fishery processing waste, as needed. By using 50% or more of the compost raw material as the so-called bamboo component of husk, young bamboo, or parent bamboo, it is possible to differentiate it from fermented fertilizers that use compost raw materials other than other bamboo components, and it is safe from the point of traceability. It becomes a fermented fertilizer. It is also possible to select an optimal fermentation method for compost raw materials, particularly an optimal microorganism among useful microorganisms to be mixed.

  Here, the young bamboo refers to the bamboo in the growth process before becoming the parent bamboo, and it was not edible because it was not dug as an edible firewood. It was until before the bamboo branch appeared. . Speaking of the most common Japanese bamboo in Japan, there are differences depending on the place of growth, but usually it is about 1 to 4 meters in height (about 1 week to 1 month from the surface). A parent bamboo is a bamboo that has grown further and usually has become harder after 1 year. Bamboo up to about 1st year does not function as a parent bamboo, and the bamboo quality is soft, so it may be classified as a young bamboo. Sometimes. In this way, the classification method is not fixed, and is often called from the properties of bamboo.

  Moreover, the useful microorganisms to be used should just be what does not contain a harmful substance and shows activity in a fermentation process. For example, in a composition containing a large amount of husk as the main raw material, fermentation starts early and rises to about 75 ° C., and when turning back stirring is insufficient, it drops to about 45 ° C. Therefore, mainly thermophilic aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria It is desirable to use a combination of two or more microorganisms including

  The useful microorganism actually used is a useful microorganism in which an anaerobic microorganism and an aerobic microorganism coexist, and preferably contains any one or more of actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, filamentous fungi, yeasts, and koji molds. Among these microorganisms, Streptomyces, Streptoverticillium, Nocardia, Micromonospora, Rhodococcus, Actinomyces, Corynebacterium as actinomycetes, Chlorobium, Chromatium, Chloroflexus, Rhodospirillum, Rhodobacter, Rhozobacter, Azotoacter, As Propionibacterium, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Micrococcus, Leunostoc, As filamentous fungi Aspergillus, Mucor, Trichodema, As belonging to yeast Pichia, Saccharomyces, Candida, Bacteria as Bacillus, Cellulomonas, Celluribrio, Loss, It is desirable to select from among these.

  In addition, it is desirable to add fermentation aids, moisture regulators, and nutrients for useful microorganisms to the compost raw material containing bamboo as the main raw material. Fermentation promoting aids include livestock dung, wood vinegar and bamboo vinegar, water conditioning agents include bamboo strips, wood chips, carbides, acetic acid or propionic acid-containing materials, and rice bran as a nutrient for useful microorganisms. Etc. Chicken manure or rice bran serves as a supplement for nitrogen and helps activate useful microorganisms. Bamboo strips have moisture-adjusting and deodorizing effects. Wood vinegar and bamboo vinegar are not only fertilizer components but also persistent organic substances. It softens the cell skin, prevents pH reduction, promotes fermentation, and decomposes malodorous substances.

  Moreover, in order to promote fermentation of compost, it is good to add the powder and stevia extract of a stevia plant body. Thereby, even if the parent bamboo containing a hardly decomposable component such as lignin is contained in the compost raw material, it becomes possible to promote the decomposition and fermentation of the compost raw material.

  Further, the bamboo compost may be fermented by mixing a waste microbial bed made of a non-wood material derived from agricultural products with a crushed bamboo.

  Waste mushroom beds that remain after cultivation of mushrooms become industrial waste for mushroom growers, so using this waste mushroom bed is also preferable in terms of recycling organic matter, and lower costs for compost production. Can be realized. In addition, since the raw material of the waste microbial bed is a non-woody material derived from agricultural products and is a microbial bed with less lignin, the waste microbial bed itself does not become the rate-determining factor for fermentation and decomposition, and promotes the fermentation of bamboo powder. Can do.

  Non-woody materials are mainly corn, rice bran, wheat bran, soybean hulls, and cottonseed. When used as a fungus bed, high-quality mushrooms can be cultivated. Nutrients will remain. When this waste microbial bed contains nutrients, particularly nitrogen components, it becomes a good nutrient in the early stage of composting, prevents nitrogen starvation by useful microorganisms, and promotes fermentation of bamboo. Furthermore, since the above materials are in a state where some of the fiber is decomposed and contain nutrients while cultivating mushrooms as a fungus bed, when mixed with bamboo, it has immediate effect as a nutrient. It will be shown.

  Corn is mainly crushed material such as grain, cob, and skin, but it contains a lot of nutrients such as nitrogen and is suitable as a nutrient for the fungus bed. It will remain on the floor. Here, the carbon ratio (C / N ratio) is about 33 and the total nitrogen content is about 3.3%, and the corn cob has about a carbon ratio of about 108 and about a total nitrogen content. It is contained by 0.45%. Therefore, if a corn cobs, skin, etc. are mainly used, a carbon rate can be adjusted in the range of about 30-110, and a waste fungus bed functions as a nutrient for composting. In addition, since the carbon rate of general sawdust is 200 or more and the average is about 340, corn's nutrients are abundant compared with woody materials.

  Rice bran also contains seed coat and germ powder, fat, protein, vitamins and minerals when brown rice is milled, with a carbon content of about 10.5 and total nitrogen content of about 3.2%. Is abundant. Rice bran contains about 6.7% of total phosphoric acid, about 1.5% of total potassium, and about 2.4% of total clay, and is rich in minerals. Therefore, when rice bran is used as a raw material for the waste fungus bed, the mineral content of the obtained bamboo fermented compost becomes rich, and a high-quality compost can be obtained. Moreover, since the carbon ratio is small, it also functions as an adjuster of the carbon ratio of the fungus bed.

  Further, wheat bran is a powdered wheat skin after defatted, contains minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, and has a carbon ratio of 70 or more. If wheat bran is used for the fungus bed, the use of rice bran as a raw material for the waste fungus bed will increase the mineral content of the fermented compost of bamboo obtained, and a good quality compost can be obtained.

  In addition, soybean hulls are processed products of soybean and contain a large amount of water-soluble hemicellulose, and can be a good carbon source when cultivating mushrooms. In addition, when soybean hulls remain in the waste fungus bed, water-soluble hemicellulose becomes a nutrient source for useful microorganisms during composting, and the useful microorganisms are activated and can be composted well. In addition, legume crops generally contain a lot of nitrogen components, and the nitrogen content of soybean hulls is considered to be a suitable nutrient source and a carbon content adjusting material. Furthermore, soybean hulls are excellent in water retention, and it is considered that the moisture of compost can be suitably retained.

  For cotton seeds, crushed grains are used. Cottonseed has a high nitrogen content, as it is known that the oil content is as high as 5-7%. This is effective as a nutrient for composting bamboo. Moreover, phosphoric acid and potassium are contained a lot, and the fertilizer effect of the obtained compost becomes high.

  In addition, if it is derived from agricultural products other than the above, it can be used as a raw material for the waste microbial bed without departing from the above-mentioned conditions, for example, vegetable waste, food waste rice cake, food waste, rice husk, vegetation and other organic matter A small amount of raw material can be used. Moreover, you may add the substance as fertilizer components, such as a shell, bone meal, and fishery processing waste, as needed.

  Further, the mass ratio of mixing the pulverized bamboo and the waste microbial bed is 60% to 90% bamboo, and 40% to 10% of the waste microbial bed. In general, bamboo is rich in fiber, so it is difficult to decompose, it takes time to ferment, and it takes a long time to compost, but the waste fungus bed is 10% to 40% by mass. Hereinafter, more preferably, if mixed as 20% or more and 30% or less, it will be sufficiently supplied as a nutrient source, and the fermentation of bamboo can be promoted and composting can be accelerated. Here, when the mass ratio of a waste microbial bed is less than 10%, it is insufficient as a nutrient source, and fermentation is delayed. Moreover, if the mass ratio of the waste fungus bed exceeds 40%, the fermentation can be sufficiently promoted to allow composting, but the content of useful components inherent to bamboo is relatively reduced, and good bamboo intended for bamboo components Compost cannot be obtained.

  Moreover, it is desirable that the bamboo contains at least one of a young bamboo and a husk. Bamboo can produce compost only as parent bamboo, but other than parent bamboo, if the fiber contains at least one of young bamboo and husk containing soft nutrients and nutrients, these function as nutrients, and Since it contains almost no hard-to-decompose lignin, it becomes easier to ferment and bamboo compost can be produced in a shorter period of time.

  In addition, the bamboo liquid is obtained by adding useful microorganisms to the pulverized product obtained by pulverizing bamboo, adding water to a semi-fermented product obtained by fermentation at a temperature of 60 ° C. or more as fermentation heat, and further adding useful microorganisms. It is desirable that the product is obtained by leaving it for a period and extracting useful components.

  According to the above method, since semi-fermented in advance and then fermented in water, fermentation in water is facilitated and useful components are easily extracted to increase extraction efficiency and produce bamboo liquid in a short period of time. Is possible. Here, semi-fermentation means that some of the hard-to-decompose fibers of bamboo are decomposed. It is desirable to add an auxiliary for promoting fermentation in addition to useful microorganisms to the pulverized product, and if it is fermented at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher for 7 to 25 days, it can be suitably in a semi-fermented state. After the start of fermentation, the fermentation is maintained at a temperature of 60 ° C or higher, preferably 70 ° C or higher as the heat of fermentation. become. If it is turned again at this time, the oxygen deficiency state is eliminated, the activity of useful microorganisms becomes active again, and the temperature becomes 60 ° C. or higher (preferably 70 ° C. or higher) again. Thus, if the fermentation is carried out over 3 to 7 to 25 days after the temperature drops below 60 ° C., a bamboo in a good semi-fermented state can be obtained.

  In addition, in the extraction process, if water is stored in a container and mixed with a semi-fermented product and useful microorganisms, a fermentation-promoting aid is mixed to further ferment the semi-fermented product (bamboo pulverized product). Useful components can be extracted. Here, since bamboo is in a state where it is semi-fermented and the hard-to-decompose fibers are easily decomposed, the useful components of bamboo can be efficiently extracted by further fermentation in water. After extraction, if a liquid material is obtained by filtration or the like, it can be used as a bamboo liquid in which the active ingredient of bamboo is utilized as it is or diluted.

  The useful microorganism used in the semi-fermentation process is a useful microorganism in which anaerobic microorganisms and aerobic microorganisms coexist, and is any one or more of actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, and koji molds, Bamboo indigenous bacteria can also be used. The useful microorganism used in the extraction step is preferably lactic acid fermented using lactic acid bacteria, particularly lactic acid bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus or Streptococcus. Since lactic acid produced by lactic acid bacteria suppresses the growth of other harmful microorganisms, only lactic acid bacteria grow and ferment lactic acid during fermentation.

  Further, as an auxiliary for promoting fermentation, rice bran is desirable in the semi-fermentation process, and molasses is desirable in the extraction process, but is not limited thereto, and is appropriately selected and used so that microorganisms can be suitably fermented. be able to.

  Here, the predetermined period in the extraction step varies depending on the temperature change, but is about 7 to 10 days when the temperature is in the range of 20 ° C to 30 ° C. However, it takes longer days when the temperature is lower, such as in winter. Further, depending on the situation, oxygen may be supplied with stirring.

  Bamboo as a raw material may be only parent bamboo, but it is desirable to include at least one of young bamboo and birch in addition to parent bamboo. Wakatake and husks are soft in fiber and contain almost no hard-to-decompose lignin. By using these as raw materials, it becomes easier to ferment and produce bamboo liquid in a shorter period of time. Can do. In addition, parent bamboo has a low content of growth-promoting substances, and it is considered that cocoons contain no useful substances as repellents, but young bamboo and husks have no growth-promoting substances or repellents. Since a lot of useful components are contained, by including these as raw materials, it is possible to obtain a bamboo liquid having both an effect as a plant growth promoter and an effect as a repellent. In addition, by using young bamboo, it is possible to cut the bamboo that is in the middle of growth, so that the forest can be protected and effective for environmental conservation.

  In addition, the bamboo liquid may be obtained by adding a useful microorganism to an extract obtained by heating a mixture of water obtained by pulverizing bamboo and water at 80 ° C. or more and fermenting it.

  Bamboo liquid obtained by the above method efficiently extracts bamboo's useful ingredients and contains abundant plant hormones and amino acids that regulate plant growth, so in a synergistic effect with bamboo compost, Furthermore, the crop yield can be increased and the crop flavor can be improved. In addition, the bamboo liquid obtained by the above method also contains abundant repellent components against pests, etc., and mixing this with soil makes it difficult for pests to attach to the crop and minimizes the use of pesticides. Can be suppressed. Examples of useful microorganisms include actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, and koji molds, and bamboo indigenous bacteria.

  According to the present invention, by mixing bamboo compost using bamboo as a compost material and a solution containing useful microorganisms in the soil, the metabolic activity of the useful microorganisms can be brought into a continuously active state, and Proliferation in the soil can be promoted, so that the soil can be improved in a relatively short period of time, and an improved soil that can improve the flavor of the crop as well as increase the yield of the crop can be obtained. .

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

(Manufacturing method of bamboo compost 1)
The main raw material of the main bamboo, young bamboo, and husk of 孟 mong bamboo, livestock manure as an auxiliary for promoting fermentation, bamboo flakes as a water conditioner (about 3 mm square of parent bamboo), and water with rice bran added Useful microorganisms are mixed with 60% compost material and stirred. When the temperature of the compost bed rises to about 75 ° C., the same amount of scab as the first scab is added and mixed, and stirred back and forth. After about 1 day, add the same amount of scab and mix again. If the additional mixing of the husk and the stirring over are repeated four times in total, the ratio of the husk in the compost floor becomes about 94%. In addition, most of the crusts used are naturally dried for 2 to 3 days after being boiled, drained and dried naturally, and this includes some raw crusts before boiled. Adjust with bamboo strips so that the water content is about 60%. When the addition of husks is stopped, the temperature of the compost bed will drop to about 45 ° C., so here it is switched once a week and stirred. Repeat about 4 times. The above compost floor is left at room temperature for about 1 month. Through the above steps, fermented fertilizer using husk as the main raw material is obtained in about 2 months. The mixing ratio of parent bamboo, young bamboo, and husk as main raw materials can be set as appropriate.

(Bamboo compost production method 2)
Crush the main bamboo, young bamboo, and husks of 孟 mune bamboo, which is the raw material for compost, to about 1 cm or less. Moreover, a waste microbial bed is obtained from a mushroom manufacturing factory, and it grind | pulverizes so that it may become about 1 cm or less beforehand. Then, by mass ratio, about 500 kg of parent bamboo, about 300 kg of young bamboo, and about 200 kg of waste fungus bed are mixed to obtain a mixture of about 1 ton before fermentation. The mixing ratio and the total amount of the mixture are not limited to this, and molasses may be added as a fermentation aid, and can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the production status. This mixture is inoculated with useful microorganisms to initiate fermentation. In the present embodiment, the temperature reaches 70 ° C. in 2 to 3 days after the start of fermentation, and is about 1 to 2 days earlier than about 4 days, which is a period required by a normal fermentation method. Moreover, the conventional management method can be employ | adopted for the turning-back and temperature management accompanying composting. If compost is manufactured as described above, bamboo compost can be obtained in a required period of about one month to one and a half months.

(Bamboo compost production method 3)
(1) First fermentation process (semi-fermentation process)
A bamboo pulverized product is obtained by pulverizing the parent bamboo, the young bamboo, and the husk of the sect bamboo, which is a raw material for compost, to be about 1 cm or less. Then, about 800 kg of parent bamboo, about 100 kg of young bamboo, and about 100 kg of husk are mixed, and about 1 ton of bamboo-derived raw material compost is obtained before fermentation. The compost raw material is inoculated with useful microorganisms to start fermentation, and fermented for 14 days. In addition, the mixing ratio of parent bamboo, young bamboo, and husk here is not limited to these, and can be set suitably according to the objective.

  After the start of fermentation, the temperature inside the raw material compost is kept at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher (preferably 70 ° C. or higher) as fermentation heat to maintain the fermentation, and after a while, the raw material compost becomes oxygen deficient. The activity of microorganisms decreases, and the temperature gradually decreases to below 60 ° C. If the cutting is performed again at this time, the oxygen deficient state inside the raw material compost is eliminated and the activity of the microorganisms becomes active again, and after standing, the temperature becomes 60 ° C. or higher (preferably 70 ° C. or higher) again. Similarly, the temperature decreases again to below 60 ° C., and the second turn is performed. As a result, the temperature increases again to 60 ° C. or higher (preferably 70 ° C. or higher). Further, after the descent, the third turnover is performed, the temperature rises, and the fermentation is finished when the temperature falls below 60 ° C.

  As described above, turning back is performed three times, and a period of a temperature of 60 ° C. or more is provided four times to obtain a semi-fermented state. In the present embodiment, it takes about 2 weeks to go through the above-mentioned steps, and it becomes a semi-fermented state. However, it is desirable to adjust the fermentation period according to the situation, and it is about 7 to 25 days depending on the temperature condition etc. The situation is preferably completed in about 10 to 20 days. In addition, if it is the environment which keeps temperature constant indoors, the dispersion | variation in required days can be suppressed and a uniform semi-fermented material can be obtained. At this time, some of the bamboo fibers remain without being decomposed.

(2) Second fermentation process (ripening process)
Next, about 20 kg of stevia plant powder is added to about 1000 kg of raw material compost, which is a semi-fermented product obtained in the first fermentation process, and is mixed and allowed to stand evenly. Let it begin. At this time, the temperature rises again only after the organic components remaining in the bamboo are decomposed, and the fermentation proceeds in a state of 60 ° C. or higher, preferably 70 ° C. or higher. Then, the standing and the turn-back are repeated several times to complete the fermentation. The period required for the second fermentation step is about 10 to 20 days. In addition, when decomposition | degradation of a semi-fermented product advances and a semi-fermented product becomes less than 1000 kg, stevia plant material powder so that it may become 100: 2 (mass ratio) with a semi-fermented product and a stevia plant powder. Add. If compost is manufactured as described above, bamboo compost can be obtained in a required period of about one month to one and a half months.

(Bamboo liquid production method 1)
(1) First fermentation process (semi-fermentation process)
The main bamboo, the young bamboo, and the husk of the sect bamboo used as the raw material of the bamboo liquid are pulverized so that each becomes about 1 cm or less. After pulverization, 50% of parent bamboo, 20% of young bamboo, 20% of husk, and 10% of rice bran as an auxiliary for promoting fermentation are mixed, and further useful microorganisms are mixed to obtain a mixture of about 100 kg. In addition, the mixing amount of bamboo here is not limited to these, It can set according to the objective. For example, when it is desired to contain a large amount of a growth promoting substance, it is preferable to increase the mixing amount of the parent bamboo when mainly containing young bamboo and husks and to contain a large amount of useful components as a repellent.

  After the start of fermentation, the temperature inside the mixture is kept at 60 ° C. or higher (preferably 70 ° C. or higher) as the heat of fermentation to maintain fermentation. After a while, the inside of the mixture becomes oxygen deficient and microorganisms Activity decreases and the temperature gradually drops below 60 ° C. When turning back again at this time, the lack of oxygen in the mixture is eliminated and the activity of useful microorganisms becomes active again, and after standing, the temperature becomes 60 ° C. or higher (preferably 70 ° C. or higher) again. Similarly, the temperature decreases again to below 60 ° C., and the second turn is performed. As a result, the temperature increases again to 60 ° C. or higher (preferably 70 ° C. or higher). Further, after the descent, the third turnover is performed, the temperature rises, and the fermentation is finished when the temperature falls below 60 ° C.

  As described above, turning back is performed three times, and a period of a temperature of 60 ° C. or more is provided four times to obtain a semi-fermented state. In the present embodiment, it takes about 2 weeks to go through the above-mentioned steps, and it becomes a semi-fermented state. However, it is desirable to adjust the fermentation period according to the situation, and it is about 7 to 25 days depending on the temperature condition etc. The situation is preferably completed in about 10 to 20 days. In addition, if it is the environment which keeps temperature constant indoors, the dispersion | variation in required days can be suppressed and a uniform semi-fermented material can be obtained.

(2) Second fermentation process (ripening process)
Next, the semi-fermented product obtained as described above is put into a 500 liter container, and 300 to 350 liters of water is put therein. Tap water, ground water, well water, etc. are used as water. Further, useful microorganisms and molasses which is an auxiliary for promoting fermentation are added and mixed. In addition, since bamboo is a porous material, it tends to be a place for microorganisms and is a suitable environment for fermentation. Let stand for 7 to 10 days in the temperature range of 20 ° C to 30 ° C. Adjust appropriately when the temperature is lower, such as in winter. Further, depending on the situation, oxygen may be supplied with stirring. After standing for a predetermined period, it is purified by filtration or the like to obtain bamboo liquid. Although the bamboo liquid obtained in the present embodiment does not contain acetic acid, it is considered that many useful components contained in the bamboo vinegar liquid are extracted, and these components work in combination to control plant growth. It can be used as an agent and repellent. The filtered residue can be effectively used as compost because of the progress of fermentation. Moreover, since it does not contain acetic acid, it becomes neutral and is useful as a soil improvement material.

(Bamboo liquid production method 2)
(1) Extraction process The young bamboo and husk of the sect of bamboo used as the raw material for the bamboo liquid are pulverized so that each becomes about 1 cm or less. Oyatake may be added to the raw material. The said raw material is mixed in the ratio of 3-5 with respect to the water 10 by volume ratio, it heats so that it may become 80 degreeC or more, and the useful component contained in bamboo is boiled and extracted. After at least 10 to 20 minutes, preferably about 1 hour, heating is stopped and the extract is cooled or allowed to stand at 40 ° C. or lower.

(2) Fermentation process Next, useful microorganisms are mixed and allowed to stand for 7 to 10 days. During this time, stir twice. Thereafter, when the pH reaches about 3.5 to 4, it is purified by filtration or the like to obtain bamboo liquid. Although the bamboo liquid obtained in the present embodiment does not contain acetic acid, it is considered that many useful components contained in the bamboo vinegar liquid are extracted, and these components work in combination to control plant growth. It can be used as an agent and repellent.

(Soil improvement method)
Bamboo compost produced by any one of the above methods is added to the soil, mixed, and left for a certain period. Next, the bamboo liquid manufactured by any one of the above methods is periodically mixed with the soil mixed with bamboo compost while diluted with water or the like. According to the present embodiment, since bamboo is a porous material, bamboo contained in bamboo compost becomes a place for useful microorganisms and soil with high air permeability and water permeability. As a result, air and water necessary for the metabolic activity of the useful microorganisms are appropriately distributed in the soil, so that the activity of the useful microorganisms in the soil can always be maintained at a high level. Therefore, the metabolic activity of useful microorganisms can be maintained in an active state continuously, and the growth of useful microorganisms in the soil can be promoted, and the soil can be improved satisfactorily in a relatively short period of time. In addition, by periodically mixing bamboo liquid, not only the growth-promoting substance is regularly given to the soil, but also the useful microorganisms in a more active state than the useful microorganisms in the soil with repeated metabolism are periodically added. The soil can be improved in a short period of time.

  The improved soil not only contains abundant ingredients that promote plant growth, but also the microorganisms in the soil break down the surrounding organic matter one after another, so the plant is continuously fed with nutrients. Can be supplied. Moreover, since the bamboo liquid in this Embodiment contains the repellent component with respect to a pest etc., a pest hardly attaches to a crop and it can avoid the use of an agrochemical to the minimum. In addition, in the soil improvement method in this Embodiment, since the component contained in bamboo liquid does not kill a pest, a pest and an insect are easy to attach to the leaf etc. of a plant compared with an agricultural chemical. However, even if pests and insects that ate plant leaves die, useful microorganisms that are abundantly present in the soil in a highly active state by minimizing the use of pesticides, such as pests and dead insects The organic matter is decomposed to become nutrient components of the soil, so that it is possible to create a closed cycle of organic matter between improved soil, plants and pests, and to grow crops with a balanced ecosystem it can.

  As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail. However, the method for manufacturing bamboo compost and the method for manufacturing bamboo liquid in the present embodiment are not limited to the above-described manufacturing method. Any bamboo liquid may be used. In this embodiment, bamboo or bamboo extract obtained by fermenting bamboo or bamboo extract with useful microorganisms was used as the useful microorganism-containing solution. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a microorganism obtained by culturing useful microorganisms in an arbitrary culture solution is used. It may be used as a solution containing useful microorganisms.

When cultivating crops, 5-10 m ³ of bamboo compost is mixed and stirred per 991.7 m ² (one side) of soil. Then about 2 to 3 times a month, about 50 l of bamboo liquid is diluted in water. In the case of rice cultivation, dilute bamboo liquor is mixed with irrigation water and supplied to the rice field. In the case of vegetables and fruits, bamboo liquid diluted in water is sprayed on the soil. This mixing of bamboo liquor is repeated until just before the fruit of the crop matures.

  If the crop cultivated in the soil improved by the method of this example was rice, the number of grains was about 15 to 20% higher than that cultivated by a conventional method, and the yield increased by about 20%. In addition, the stem diameter was about 20% thicker, and even when a strong wind blows, it was hard to fall down, and it was found that the stem diameter was strong against typhoons. Moreover, the rice of the rice cultivated in the soil improved by the method of the present example had an average taste of about 85. Moreover, the sweet peppers cultivated in the soil improved by the method of this example had an average sugar content of about 2 degrees higher than that cultivated by a general ordinary method.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used as a soil improvement method for improving crop growth by minimizing the use of chemical fertilizers and improved soil.

Claims (9)

  A soil improvement method comprising mixing bamboo compost using bamboo as a compost material and a solution containing useful microorganisms in soil. A process of mixing bamboo compost using bamboo as compost material and leaving it for a certain period of time,
A step of periodically mixing a solution containing useful microorganisms in the soil mixed with the bamboo compost;
The soil improvement method characterized by including.   The soil improvement method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the useful microorganism-containing solution is bamboo liquid obtained by fermenting bamboo or bamboo extract with useful microorganisms.   The soil improvement method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bamboo compost is fermented by mixing useful microorganisms with a compost raw material mainly composed of bamboo.   The soil improvement method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bamboo compost is fermented by mixing a waste microbial bed made of non-woody material derived from agricultural products with ground bamboo.   The bamboo liquid is prepared by adding useful microorganisms to a pulverized product obtained by pulverizing bamboo, adding water to a semi-fermented product obtained by fermentation at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher as fermentation heat, and further adding useful microorganisms for a predetermined period. The soil improvement method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is obtained by allowing to stand and extracting useful components.   The said bamboo liquid is obtained by adding a useful microorganism to an extract obtained by heating a mixture of pulverized bamboo and water at 80 ° C or higher and fermenting the mixture. The soil improvement method according to any one of the items.   Improved soil in which bamboo compost made from bamboo is used as a raw material for compost and a solution containing useful microorganisms.   The improved soil according to claim 8, wherein the useful microorganism-containing solution is bamboo liquid obtained by fermenting bamboo or bamboo extract with microorganisms.