CN112028684A - Loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112028684A
CN112028684A CN202010846342.0A CN202010846342A CN112028684A CN 112028684 A CN112028684 A CN 112028684A CN 202010846342 A CN202010846342 A CN 202010846342A CN 112028684 A CN112028684 A CN 112028684A
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fertilizer
sugarcane
loss
acting
bacillus
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吴建明
范业赓
郭镇
周忠凤
陈荣发
罗霆
闫海锋
丘立杭
周慧文
黄杏
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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    • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
    • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
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    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract

The invention discloses a loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.01-1% of monosultap, 0.01-1% of thiamethoxam, 5-10% of slow release agent, 1.5-3.5% of loss control agent, 0.02-0.03% of 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, 0.5-2.5% of uniconazole and 10-15% of polyglutamic acid. Uniformly mixing the raw materials of the sugarcane fertilizer, feeding the mixture into a granulator for granulation, and feeding the granulated mixture into a film coating machine for coating with a resin film material to obtain a finished product. The sugarcane pesticide fertilizer disclosed by the invention takes a biological organic fertilizer as a main component, can improve the current situation of soil hardening and ecological imbalance, is added with a pesticide and a bactericide to achieve the effect of reducing plant diseases and insect pests, and is added with a slow release agent and a loss control agent, so that the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer has a slow release effect to reduce the fertilization times, has the function of preventing nutrient loss to improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, is also added with a nitrogen conversion control agent and a tillering promotion component, and is more beneficial to the growth of sugarcane; the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer can effectively improve the yield of the sugarcane and reduce the planting cost.

Description

Loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of modern agricultural pesticide fertilizers, and particularly relates to a loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Sugarcane is an important sugar crop in China, cane sugar accounts for more than 90% of the total national sugar yield, green development and sustainable high-yield planting of the sugar crop sugarcane are important guarantees of national sugar safety, the Guangxi cane sugar accounts for more than 65% of the total national sugar yield, and stable supply of the Guangxi cane sugar plays a significant role in the national sugar market. Since the 'eleven-five', the Guangxi sugar cane production is rapidly developed, the planting area, the single yield and the total yield are synchronously increased, the overall scale of the Guangxi sugar cane industry reaches the first level in China, and the dominance in China is increasingly highlighted. For sugarcane planting, on one hand, the growth period is long, the fertilizer requirement is large, and multiple fertilization is needed, but the utilization rate of the traditional fertilizer is not high, so that not only can raw materials be wasted, but also the environment can be polluted, and the fertilizer is difficult to be fertilized in the later growth period, so that the problem of fertilizer loss often occurs; on the other hand, main pests of the sugarcane, such as stem borers, thrips, aphids and the like, have long emergence period, while the traditional pesticide has short pesticide effect, needs to kill pests for many times, and can face the problem of difficult pesticide spraying in the later growth period of the sugarcane, thereby causing the insect pest problem. Both of these problems can severely affect the yield of sugarcane, and fertilization and pest control are two major factors affecting sugarcane yield. In the traditional sugarcane planting technology, fertilizer application and insect killing are separated, multiple times of fertilizer application and multiple times of insect killing are needed, so that the labor intensity and the labor times are undoubtedly increased, and the problems of poor fertilizer effect and poor insect pest prevention effect can occur, so that the sugarcane yield is influenced. Moreover, because the sugarcane planting is highly concentrated, the fertility of part of continuous cropping soil of the soil all year round is reduced, the diseases and insect pests are serious, the sugarcane planting still mainly uses chemical fertilizers, the prevention and the treatment of the diseases and insect pests are simply controlled chemically, the biological chain in the field is broken by the continuous cropping and the use of a large number of chemical products all year round, the soil fertility is further reduced, the damage degree of the diseases and insect pests is increased, and the sugarcane yield is not reduced and the ecology is damaged.
The existing research shows that the utilization rate of the common fertilizer is only about 30 percent, about 70 percent of the fertilizer is completely lost, and the lost fertilizer can not only pollute the underground water, but also cause the nitrogen and phosphorus of lake water to seriously exceed the standard, thereby causing water eutrophication. In order to reduce agricultural non-point source pollution caused by fertilizer loss, a world pioneer of ion beam bioengineering, a scientist team of Chinese academy of sciences, takes controlling fertilizer nutrient loss and volatilization as an entry point, and invents a fertilizer loss control technology and a product, namely a fertilizer nutrient loss control agent (trade name: fertilizer control agent) through years of scientific research. The loss control agent is prepared by modifying a plurality of natural mineral substances through ion beams and accurately compounding the modified natural mineral substances with biological and organic products such as biosurfactant and the like, and has a plurality of composite functions of adsorption, bridging, water absorption, micelle (agglomeration), synergy and the like. The loss control agent and common fertilizers are uniformly mixed and granulated to prepare the loss control fertilizer, after the loss control agent is applied to soil and meets water, the loss control agent forms an omnibearing three-dimensional micro-nano network, through the combined action of hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals force and viscous force, the effective nutrients of the fertilizer are captured in a net way and are gathered in a soil plough layer, namely, water and fertilizers are coupled into adhesive groups (spots such as nutrient packages and sheets such as nutrient banks), the spatial dimension of the fertilizer nutrients is increased, the migration rate of the water and nutrients is reduced, the total loss of the water and nutrients is reduced, and therefore sufficient nutrients are continuously provided for the growth of plants. The fertilizer utilization rate can be greatly improved, the nutrient loss (three ways of runoff, leakage and volatilization) can be greatly reduced, and the agricultural non-point source pollution and the greenhouse gas emission are reduced. The fertilizer produced by the loss control agent is a novel high-efficiency environment-friendly fertilizer, plays an extremely important role in promoting agricultural yield increase and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution, and makes great contribution to the update of fertilizer products!
Since the advent of the loss control agent, a plurality of loss control fertilizers continuously appear on the market, but the loss control fertilizers are not equal to slow release fertilizers, and the loss is not equal to slow release fertilizers, and the loss control fertilizers aim at the problem of nutrient migration in fertilizer application and are based on the principle of fixing nutrients and controlling loss; the principle of the slow release fertilizer focuses on controlling the release rate of nutrients, and the problem of nutrient loss is not mainly solved; the supply mode of the loss-controlled fertilizer nutrients is that the fertilizer is taken as required, and because the loss-controlled fertilizer is applied to the soil to form a huge mutual transmission network when meeting water, the fertilizer nutrients are caught by a net and are sufficiently supplied according to the nutrient requirements of crops; the nutrient release rate of the slow release fertilizer needs to be matched with the nutrient requirement of crop growth. The loss control fertilizer can reduce the loss of nutrients and improve the utilization rate of the nutrients, and the slow release fertilizer can delay the release of the nutrients, reduce the frequency of fertilization and effectively avoid the seedling burning phenomenon. If the two fertilizers can be integrated to prepare a fertilizer with the effect of controlling failure and the effect of slow release, the fertilizer has a very good application prospect.
Patent CN 102070376B discloses a loss-control organic fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: harmless animal manure: 10-45, wherein, H2O is less than or equal to 35 percent, and dry-basis organic matter is more than or equal to 20 percent; humic acid: 35 to 50 of, wherein H2O is less than or equal to 35 percent, and dry-basis organic matter is more than or equal to 60 percent; attapulgite powder, bentonite powder or zeolite powder or a mixture thereof: 20-60 parts of; the loss-control organic fertilizer also contains compound sodium nitrophenolate: 0.0025% -0.0035%, loss control agent: 1 to 3 percent. Respectively weighing the fine powder obtained by crushing and screening the animal manure after the harmless treatment and other raw materials, mixing, granulating, drying, cooling, screening, returning and packaging the finished product to obtain the finished product H2O is less than or equal to 20 percent. The fertilizer is beneficial to improving the soil structure, adjusting the water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions of soil, has important effects of controlling the nutrient loss of organic fertilizer, improving the soil biological fertility, improving the utilization rate of nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium and the like in the soil, promotes the flowing of cellular protoplasm, promotes the activity of cellular enzyme, promotes the growth and development of plants, promotes the absorption and operation of nutrients and improves pesticidesPreventing and treating effect and disease resistance. The patent discloses a technology of combining a controlled-release fertilizer and a slow-release fertilizer to obtain an organic fertilizer with both a controlled-release effect and a slow-release effect, but the slow-release effect of the fertilizer is not very good and the fertilizer does not have the effects of preventing diseases and killing insects.
The pesticide fertilizer is a new technology adopted in agriculture in recent years, and refers to a functional fertilizer which has the functions of killing and inhibiting crop diseases and insect pests or regulating crop growth, can provide nutrition for crops or simultaneously has the functions of providing nutrition and improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer and pesticide; balanced fertilization and complete nutrition; broad spectrum, high efficiency and one-time determination; the front control and the back control are promoted, and the stress resistance is enhanced; fertilizer and pesticide combination and interaction synergy; the operation is simple and convenient, and the use is safe; labor and cost are saved, and the yield and income are increased; the fertilizer is used for replacing the material, so that the fertilizer is safe and environment-friendly; the storage and transportation are convenient, and the low carbon and energy saving are realized; benefits multiple parties, benefits the nation and the people, and the like. The agricultural chemical integrates two most important agricultural chemicals, namely the agricultural chemical and the fertilizer, which are used in agriculture, considers the influence that respective effects of the agricultural chemical and the fertilizer are possibly decreased after the agricultural chemical and the fertilizer meet naturally, combines two field operations of plant protection of the agricultural chemical and nutrient supply of the fertilizer into a whole, saves labor and reduces production cost. When both the pesticide and the fertilizer are in the optimal application period, the pesticide effect and the fertilizer effect can be improved.
Patent CN 102805097B discloses a granular formulation containing monosultap and thiamethoxam, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5-15% of monosultap, 0.01-10% of thiamethoxam, 0.1-10% of chitin, 1-15% of auxiliary agent, 0.5-10% of binder and the balance of carrier to 100%. The granular formulation containing monosultap and thiamethoxam is used for preventing and treating underground pests, nematodes and overground pests of crops such as sugarcane, banana, corn, peanut and the like, and has the advantages of obvious synergistic effect, good prevention effect, long lasting period and wide insecticidal spectrum; and the prevention effect of the crops on root-knot nematodes and pathogenic bacteria can be obviously improved, the development of roots and stems of the crops and the growth of plants are promoted, the resistance of the crops is enhanced, and the yield and the quality of the crops are improved. Patent CN105037024A discloses a pesticide-fertilizer granule containing monosultap and thiamethoxam, which is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: monosultap 1.5% -40%; 0.03 to 10 percent of thiamethoxam; 0.2 to 1 percent of synergist; 20% -35% of fertilizer; 6 to 10 percent of binder; 6 to 10 percent of dispersant; the carrier is made up to 100%. The pesticide fertilizer granule is used for preventing and controlling pests such as sugarcane borers, sugarcane woolly aphids, sugarcane thrips, sugarcane turtles and the like, has low toxicity to people and livestock, and has a wide insecticidal spectrum; the growth of roots and stems of crops and the growth of plants can be promoted, the resistance of the crops is enhanced, and the yield and the quality of the crops are improved; the pesticide and the fertilizer are mixed for use, so that two operation steps of field disinsection and nutrient supply are combined into one, the labor force is saved, and the time and energy consumption capacity are reduced.
Therefore, loss-control organic slow-release fertilizers and slow-release medicinal fertilizers exist in the current market, and have very good effects in practical application, but a sugarcane medicinal fertilizer which is suitable for sugarcane planting and has control and slow-release effects does not exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer takes a biological organic fertilizer as a main component, can improve the current situation of soil hardening and ecological imbalance, is added with an insecticide and a bactericide to play a role in reducing plant diseases and insect pests, is added with a slow-release agent and a loss-control agent, has a slow-release effect to reduce the fertilization times, has the function of preventing nutrient loss to improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, is added with a nitrogen conversion control agent and a tillering promotion component, and is more beneficial to the growth of sugarcane; the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer is simple in preparation method and low in cost, and can realize industrial production. The sugarcane medical fertilizer can effectively improve the sugarcane yield and reduce the sugarcane planting cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.01-1% of monosultap, 0.01-1% of thiamethoxam, 5-10% of slow release agent, 1.5-3.5% of loss control agent, 0.02-0.03% of 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, 0.5-2.5% of uniconazole and 10-15% of polyglutamic acid.
The slow release agent comprises more than one of attapulgite, bentonite, diatomite, montmorillonite, vermiculite, sepiolite, zeolite, charcoal and chitosan.
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared by adding a proper amount of trace element fertilizer into agricultural wastes after the agricultural wastes are fermented and degraded by a compound fermentation microbial inoculum and mixing.
The agricultural waste comprises cultivation waste and agricultural product planting/processing waste, and mainly comprises cultivation waste. The breeding waste refers to livestock and poultry manure and breeding sludge, and comprises more than one of chicken manure, duck manure, pig manure, cattle manure, sheep manure, horse manure, rabbit manure, earthworm soil, fishpond sludge and the like. The agricultural product planting/processing waste comprises more than one of plant straws, fruit and vegetable waste, cake meal, bagasse/sugarcane pith, bran and the like.
Wherein the plant straw can be corn straw, soybean straw, wheat straw, rice straw, sorghum straw, peanut straw, sugarcane tail tip or sugarcane leaf.
The cake dregs can be bean cake, bean dregs, rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, camellia seed cake, linseed dregs or peanut dregs.
The bran can be wheat bran, corn bran, rice bran, peanut shell powder, etc.
The microelement fertilizer is a composition of a boron fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer, a zinc fertilizer, an iron fertilizer, a copper fertilizer and a molybdenum fertilizer. Wherein the weight ratio of the boron fertilizer, the manganese fertilizer, the zinc fertilizer, the iron fertilizer, the copper fertilizer and the molybdenum fertilizer is preferably (1-2) to (1-2).
The composite fermentation microbial inoculum comprises more than 3 kinds of bacillus subtilis, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus megaterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus, white-rot fungi and trichoderma viride.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting short and small large and long agricultural product planting/processing wastes, crushing the wastes together with other agricultural product planting/processing wastes, uniformly mixing the wastes with culture wastes and a composite fermentation microbial inoculum, and adjusting the water content to be 55-65% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 20-30: 1;
(2) the mixed materials are sent to a fermentation tank, fermentation is carried out in the fermentation tank, and after the fermentation is finished, the mixed materials are aged and matured for 1 to 3 days at room temperature;
(3) and drying the aged and decomposed organic matters at 45-55 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%, and then adding a trace element fertilizer and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
The fermentation tank is internally provided with a plurality of paddle type turning devices capable of rotating forward and backward, the paddle type turning devices are used for turning and throwing the mixed materials and pushing the mixed materials to slowly move from the feeding end to the discharging end of the fermentation tank, and the fermentation time and the discharging moisture are controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the paddle type turning devices.
The preparation method of the sugarcane insecticide-fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, uniformly mixing monosultap, thiamethoxam, a slow release agent and uniconazole according to a ratio;
(2) adding a biological organic fertilizer, a loss control agent, 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate and polyglutamic acid into the mixture, and uniformly mixing;
(3) and (3) feeding the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a granulator for granulation, and then feeding into a film coating machine for coating with a resin film material.
The resin coating material comprises more than one of unsaturated polyester resin, polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, alkyd resin and silicon resin.
Bacillus subtilis (A), (B) and (C)Bacillus subtilis) Is a species of Bacillus. The bacillus subtilis has stronger protease, amylase and lipase activities, can activate in-vivo zymogen into active enzyme, and can also secrete a series of other enzymes, and if collagenase, glucanase, cellulase and the like can help to decompose starch, polysaccharide and other substances in plants. Bacillus subtilis can decompose tryptophan to form indole by using protein, various sugars and starch. Active substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, gramicidin and the like can be generated in the growth process of bacillus subtilis, and the active substances have obvious effect on pathogenic bacteria or conditional pathogenic bacteria of endogenous infectionInhibiting effect.
Bacillus polymyxa (A. polymyxa) ((B.))Paenibacillus polymyxaAsh , Priest & Collins) Is a gram-positive bacterium which produces spores and has the capability of fixing nitrogen. The bacillus polymyxa has the characteristics of strong nutrition competition capability, high antibacterial substance production, high growth speed, strong adaptability and the like, can quickly grow into dominant flora, occupies ecological advantages, forms a protective film on the surface of a plant, prevents the infection of pathogenic bacteria, and ensures that the pathogenic bacteria have no living space. The paenibacillus polymyxa can be fixedly planted at the root tip of a plant and form a biological membrane, and the biological membrane is accumulated in the space outside the root vascular column, so that the generated biological membrane can greatly accelerate the process that the plant absorbs nutrient substances. The polymyxa corynebacterium gemmifolium can provide nitrogen sources and phosphate fertilizer nutrients which are difficult to be absorbed by plants for the plants through nitrogen fixation and phosphorus dissolution.
Bacillus megaterium (B.)Baeillusmegatherium) Belongs to bacillus, is an aerobic spore-producing gram-positive bacterium, has the functions of dissolving phosphorus and promoting potassium, can decompose adsorbed organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus in soil, converts the phosphorus and the potassium in the soil into quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium, improves the soil fertility and promotes the yield increase of crops. The bacillus megaterium is also a biocontrol strain with a wider antibacterial spectrum, and has control effects on fungi and bacterial diseases of different plants, wherein the inhibition capacity on fungal pathogenic bacteria is stronger than that on bacterial pathogenic bacteria. The bacillus megaterium can secrete hydrolase, so that feather keratin, complex protein and the like can be effectively degraded.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (saccharomyces cerevisiae) Belongs to the family of saccharomycete, is a unicellular organism capable of fermenting glucose, maltose, galactose and sucrose. The saccharomyces cerevisiae has high metabolic activity and strong capability of decomposing organic pollutants.
Bacillus mucilaginosus (B) ((B))Bacillus mucilaginosus Krassilnikov) Can decompose potassium and silicon in minerals such as feldspar, mica and the like, has the functions of dissolving phosphorus, releasing potassium and fixing nitrogen, and can generate substances such as organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone and the like which are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants in the growth and propagation processes. After being propagated in soil, can secrete plant growth stimulin and various enzymes,so as to enhance the resistance of crops to some diseases and inhibit the growth of other pathogenic bacteria.
Bacillus pumilus (B.) (Bacillus pumilus) Is a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus having a fine rod-like shape. The Bacillus pumilus can hydrolyze starch and degrade mannan, xylan, cellulose and the like. The probability of producing active substances by the bacillus pumilus is high, and various enzymes such as heat-resistant xylanase, heat-resistant serine alkaline protease, glutamic acid endopeptidase, bilirubin oxidase, collagenase, alkaline cellulase, lipase, enzyme for degrading chlorpyrifos and the like can be continuously produced.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (A)Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) Belongs to gram-positive bacillus, has obvious degradation effect on butachlor, can generate active substances such as low molecular weight antibiotics, antibacterial protein or polypeptide and the like, inhibits plant pathogenic bacteria, and can be used as rhizosphere bacteria to promote plant growth. Lipopeptide antibiotics with small molecular weight, good thermal stability, D-amino acid content, protease hydrolysis resistance and organic solvent action are synthesized through a non-ribosome approach, and play a main role in inhibiting plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi, viruses and nematodes in biological control application. In addition to secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, a series of extracellular hydrolases which play an important role in the inhibition of pathogenic bacteria are produced, and resistance of host cells is induced. The bacillus amyloliquefaciens can generate a plurality of physiological active substances and amino acid substances such as gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin and the like, promote the growth of plant roots and plants, and enhance the disease resistance of the plants, thereby indirectly reducing the occurrence of diseases. The bacillus amyloliquefaciens can degrade ethyl cellulose to generate reducing sugar, can also degrade residual pesticides in soil, and reduces the content of nitrite.
Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) Is a gram-positive thermophilic bacterium commonly found in soil. The bacteria can regulate dysbacteriosis to improve, can produce anti-active substance, has unique biological oxygen-deprivation action mechanism, and can inhibit growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. Bacillus licheniformis has strong protease, lipase and amylase activities, and can be used for lowering featherAnd (5) solving.
Lactic acid bacteria (A)Lactic acid bacteria，LAB) Is a generic term for a group of bacteria that can utilize fermentable carbohydrates to produce large amounts of lactic acid. The bacteria are widely distributed in nature and have abundant species diversity.
White rot fungus (A)Phanerochaetc chrysosporium) Fungi belonging to the subphylum basidiomycotina are named because rotten wood is white. The white rot fungi can degrade lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, and has extremely high removal and decomposition rate on lignin.
Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) Is one of the trichoderma, is widely distributed in nature, and often saprophytic on wood, seeds and plant residues. The trichoderma viride can generate a plurality of enzyme systems with biological activity, the activity of the generated cellulase is highest, the generated cellulase has a degradation effect on plant fibers, the effect is very good, and the trichoderma viride is also an antagonistic microorganism with rich resources and has an important effect in the prevention and treatment of plant pathological organisms.
The monosultap is an analogue of artificially synthesized nereistoxin, can be quickly converted into nereistoxin or dihydronereistoxin after entering the insect body, has strong contact poisoning, stomach poisoning and systemic conduction effects, and has a good control effect on larvae of lepidoptera pests. The monosultap belongs to a bionic pesticide, has small influence on natural enemies, no resistance, no residual toxicity and no environmental pollution, and is an ideal medicament for comprehensively treating insect pests at present. The pesticide can effectively prevent and control various pests on crops such as rice, sugarcane, vegetables, three-wheat, corn, tea, fruit trees and the like. And when the dosage of the monosultap is low, the growth of beneficial flora in the soil can not be inhibited.
Thiamethoxam is an insecticide in neonicotinoids, can selectively inhibit nicotinic acetylcholine esterase receptors of central nervous systems of insects, further blocks normal conduction of the central nervous systems of the insects, and causes death of pests when paralysis occurs. The thiamethoxam has the characteristics of contact poisoning, stomach toxicity and systemic activity, higher activity, better safety, wider insecticidal spectrum, high action speed, long lasting period and the like, and is a better variety for replacing organophosphorus, carbamate and organochlorine insecticides which have high toxicity to mammals and have residue and environmental problems. The insecticidal composition is widely used for preventing and treating lepidoptera, coleopteran and thysanoptera pests, and has good effect of preventing sucking pests such as aphids, plant hoppers, leafhoppers, whiteflies and the like. And when the using amount of the thiamethoxam is low, the growth of beneficial flora in the soil can not be inhibited.
Uniconazole belongs to a broad-spectrum and high-efficiency plant growth regulator, has both bactericidal and herbicidal effects, and is a gibberellin synthesis inhibitor. Uniconazole has the functions of controlling vegetative growth, inhibiting cell elongation, shortening internodes, dwarfing plants, promoting lateral bud growth and flower bud formation and enhancing stress resistance. The activity of the compound is 6 to 10 times higher than that of paclobutrazol, but the residue of the compound in soil is only 1/10 of paclobutrazol, so that the compound has little influence on succeeding crops, can be absorbed by seeds, roots, buds and leaves, and can run between organs, but the leaf absorption runs outwards less, and the apical character is obvious. When the fertilizer is used for sugarcane planting, tillering can be increased, the plant height can be controlled, and the lodging resistance can be improved. After being absorbed by the roots of plants, the uniconazole is conducted in the plants, has the functions of stabilizing the cell membrane structure and increasing the contents of proline and sugar, and can improve the stress resistance, cold resistance and drought resistance of the plants.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer disclosed by the invention takes a biological organic fertilizer as a main component, chemical pollution is avoided without using chemical fertilizers, the organic fertilizer can improve the soil hardening phenomenon and loosen the soil, and the biological organic fertilizer contains a large amount of beneficial bacteria, so that the current situations of flora imbalance and ecological imbalance in the soil can be reversed, the beneficial bacteria can compete with pathogenic bacteria for nutrition and space, and the components for inhibiting the pathogenic bacteria are generated, the growth of the pathogenic bacteria is inhibited, and therefore, the diseases of sugarcane are reduced; the beneficial bacteria can also produce various physiologically active substances such as amino acid, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin and the like, so that the rooting, the germination and the tillering of the sugarcane are promoted, and the resistance of the sugarcane can be improved. The sugarcane pesticide fertilizer disclosed by the invention is added with monosultap and thiamethoxam, can kill pests in soil, is long in lasting period, and can play a role in reducing pests. The sugarcane pesticide fertilizer disclosed by the invention is added with the slow release agent and the loss control agent at the same time, so that the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer has a slow release effect to reduce the fertilization times, has the function of preventing nutrient loss and improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer. The sugarcane pesticide fertilizer disclosed by the invention is also added with 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate as a nitrogen conversion control agent, the ammoniation and nitrification speed of nitrogen in soil is controlled, the leaching loss of nitrate nitrogen and the emission of nitrous oxide are reduced, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is deeply improved, and nitrogen nutrition is reasonably provided for crops, so that the effect of the nitrogen is more long-acting.
The sugarcane pesticide fertilizer disclosed by the invention is added with uniconazole and polyglutamic acid as tillering promoting agents and synergists, and the nutritional growth of sugarcane is controlled through the uniconazole, so that the cell elongation is inhibited, internodes are shortened, plants are dwarfed, and the effect of promoting the tillering of the sugarcane is achieved. The glutamic acid obtained by degrading the polyglutamic acid can promote the synthesis of endogenous hormones of plants, increase tillering and improve the content of chlorophyll. The synergistic effect of uniconazole and glutamic acid has the effects of promoting the tillering of sugarcane, advancing the tillering, strengthening the root system of plants and vigorous growth. In addition, the polyglutamic acid has super-strong water retention and moisture retention capacities, can promote the absorption of phosphate fertilizers and trace elements in soil, has excellent buffering capacity on acid and alkali, can effectively balance the acid-base value of the soil, chelate toxic heavy metals in the soil, relieve the toxicity of the soil, improve the cation exchange capacity of the soil, gather nutrients in the soil, and resist the loss of fertilizer efficiency caused by leaching, denitriding, evaporation and other factors, so that the effect of increasing the fertilizer efficiency is achieved. The polyglutamic acid is added into the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer, so that the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer has multiple effects of reducing fertilizer nutrient loss, improving the fertilizer utilization rate, regulating plant growth and the like.
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting and degrading agricultural wastes by using a compound fermentation microbial inoculum and adding a proper amount of trace element fertilizer and mixing, mainly takes the livestock and poultry manure in the breeding wastes as a main raw material, and has higher fertilizer efficiency. The agricultural wastes are wide in source and low in cost, various agricultural wastes are combined together for fermentation, the nutrient content is richer, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and medium elements required by sugarcane growth can be met, and a proper amount of trace element fertilizer is added finally, so that the nutrient content in the fertilizer can be further balanced. The composite fermentation microbial inoculum for fermenting the bio-organic fertilizer mainly takes bacillus as a main raw material, the bacillus has stronger activity of cellulase, pectinase, glucanase, protease, lipase and amylase, and can effectively degrade fiber, protein, grease and the like in agricultural wastes, and the bacillus is a main biocontrol bacterium for preventing and treating plant disease organisms, generates antagonistic or competitive metabolic products in the growth and development process, and can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria or kill the pathogenic bacteria. In the preparation process of the bio-organic fertilizer, large and long agricultural product planting/processing waste is cut into short and small, then is crushed together with other agricultural product planting/processing waste, and after the cutting, cutting and crushing, the agricultural product planting/processing waste is more easily utilized by microorganisms, so that the fermentation time can be effectively shortened, and the fermentation uniformity can be improved. During fermentation, the paddle type turning device is used for turning, ventilating, conveying and cutting materials, fermentation uniformity can be improved through turning and cutting, the blade type turning device moves forwards while turning, and finally, the materials are discharged from one end, so that the workload of discharging and feeding can be reduced, and the industrial production of the bio-organic fertilizer can be realized.
In the preparation method of the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer, the monosultap, the thiamethoxam, the slow release agent and the uniconazole are uniformly mixed according to the proportion, and the monosultap, the thiamethoxam and the uniconazole are stored in pores of the slow release agent by utilizing the porosity of the slow release agent; monosultap and thiamethoxam are pesticides, and are subjected to slow release treatment, so that the effective period of the monosultap and thiamethoxam can be prolonged, and the inhibition effect of the monosultap and thiamethoxam on beneficial bacteria in a biological organic fertilizer can be reduced; the uniconazole has the effects of sterilizing and weeding, is mainly used for promoting tillering and carrying out slow release treatment on the tillering, can avoid the inhibition effect of the uniconazole on sugarcane buds and sugarcane seedlings in the bud stage and the seedling stage, and can reduce the inhibition effect of the uniconazole on beneficial bacteria in a biological organic fertilizer. After fermentation, the bio-organic fertilizer can not burn seedlings generally, so that the slow release treatment is not needed excessively, the slow release treatment is proper, and finally the coating is carried out through a resin film material, so that a good slow release effect can be achieved. The sugarcane pesticide fertilizer disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation method and low in cost, can realize industrial production, does not inhibit microorganisms in traditional Chinese medicines of the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer, and is good in fertilizer efficiency and pesticide effect, and the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer can be used for effectively improving the yield of sugarcane, reducing the planting cost of sugarcane and relieving continuous cropping obstacles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a blade type turning device, wherein the diagram is marked as follows: 1-paddle, 2-roller;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing seedling stages of sugarcane planted with the sugarcane insecticide-fertilizer of the invention (right) and with the bioorganic fertilizer (left);
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of sugarcane planted with the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer of the invention (on the right) and sugarcane planted with the bio-organic fertilizer (on the left) at the early tillering stage;
FIG. 4 shows that the sugarcane seedlings planted by the sugarcane medical fertilizer have a large number of tillers;
fig. 5 is a graph comparing elongation periods of sugarcane planted with the sugarcane insecticide fertilizer of the invention (right) and with the biological organic fertilizer (left).
Detailed Description
In order to describe the present invention in more detail, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of pig manure, 10-20 parts of fishpond sludge, 10-15 parts of soybean straw, 10-15 parts of sugarcane pith, 10-20 parts of rapeseed cake, 5-10 parts of corn bran and 5-10 parts of trace element fertilizer.
The microelement fertilizer is a composition of a boron fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer, a zinc fertilizer, an iron fertilizer, a copper fertilizer and a molybdenum fertilizer. Wherein the weight ratio of the boron fertilizer to the manganese fertilizer to the zinc fertilizer to the iron fertilizer to the copper fertilizer to the molybdenum fertilizer is 1:1:1:1: 1.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting soybean straw by a hay cutter, crushing the soybean straw, sugarcane pith, rapeseed cakes and corn bran by a crusher, uniformly mixing the crushed soybean straw, the sugarcane pith, the rapeseed cakes and the corn bran with pig manure, fishpond sludge and a composite fermentation microbial inoculum, and adjusting the water content to be between 55 and 65 percent and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be between 20 and 30: 1;
(2) the mixed materials are sent to the feeding end of a fermentation tank, fermentation is carried out in the fermentation tank for 15-20 days, and after the fermentation is finished, the mixed materials are aged and matured for 1-3 days at room temperature;
(3) and drying the aged and decomposed organic matters at 45-55 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%, and then adding a trace element fertilizer and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
The fermentation tank is internally provided with a plurality of paddle type turning devices capable of rotating forward and backward, the paddle type turning devices are used for turning and throwing the mixed materials and pushing the mixed materials to slowly move from the feeding end to the discharging end of the fermentation tank, and the fermentation time and the discharging moisture are controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the paddle type turning devices. At the front end of the fermentation tank, the rotation speed of the paddle type turning device is slower, which is beneficial to fermentation and temperature rise; at the discharge end of the fermentation tank, the rotation speed of the paddle type turning device is higher, and the cooling of materials and the loss of moisture are facilitated. The structural schematic diagram of the paddle type turning device is shown in figure 1, and the sizes of the paddle and the roller are selected according to practical application.
The composite fermentation microbial inoculum comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus polymyxa, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid bacteria, white rot fungi and trichoderma viride in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1: 1.
Example 2
The bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of cow dung, 10-20 parts of earthworm soil, 10-15 parts of corn straws, 10-15 parts of bagasse, 10-20 parts of bean cakes, 5-10 parts of wheat bran and 5-10 parts of trace element fertilizer.
The microelement fertilizer is a composition of a boron fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer, a zinc fertilizer, an iron fertilizer, a copper fertilizer and a molybdenum fertilizer. Wherein the weight ratio of the boron fertilizer to the manganese fertilizer to the zinc fertilizer to the iron fertilizer to the copper fertilizer to the molybdenum fertilizer is 2:1:2:2:1: 2.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting corn stalks into short pieces by a hay cutter, crushing the short pieces together with bagasse, bean cakes and wheat bran by a crusher, uniformly mixing the crushed pieces with cow dung, earthworm soil and a composite fermentation microbial inoculum, and adjusting the water content to be 55-65% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 20-30: 1;
(2) the mixed materials are sent to the feeding end of a fermentation tank, fermentation is carried out in the fermentation tank for 15-20 days, and after the fermentation is finished, the mixed materials are aged and matured for 1-3 days at room temperature;
(3) and drying the aged and decomposed organic matters at 45-55 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%, and then adding a trace element fertilizer and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
The fermentation tank is internally provided with a plurality of paddle type turning devices capable of rotating forward and backward, the paddle type turning devices are used for turning and throwing the mixed materials and pushing the mixed materials to slowly move from the feeding end to the discharging end of the fermentation tank, and the fermentation time and the discharging moisture are controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the paddle type turning devices. At the front end of the fermentation tank, the rotation speed of the paddle type turning device is slower, which is beneficial to fermentation and temperature rise; at the discharge end of the fermentation tank, the rotation speed of the paddle type turning device is higher, and the cooling of materials and the loss of moisture are facilitated.
The composite fermentation microbial inoculum comprises bacillus polymyxa, bacillus megaterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus pumilus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid bacteria, white rot fungi and trichoderma viride in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1: 1.
Example 3
The bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of chicken manure, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, 10-20 parts of fishpond sludge, 10-15 parts of sugarcane tail tips/sugarcane leaves, 10-15 parts of fruit and vegetable wastes, 10-20 parts of peanut meal, 5-10 parts of rice bran and 5-10 parts of trace element fertilizer.
The microelement fertilizer is a composition of a boron fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer, a zinc fertilizer, an iron fertilizer, a copper fertilizer and a molybdenum fertilizer. Wherein the proportion of the boron fertilizer, the manganese fertilizer, the zinc fertilizer, the iron fertilizer, the copper fertilizer and the molybdenum fertilizer is preferably 1:2:1:2:1: 2.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting sugarcane tail tips/sugarcane leaves by a hay cutter, crushing the sugarcane tail tips/sugarcane leaves together with fruit and vegetable wastes, peanut meal and rice bran by a crusher, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane tail tips/sugarcane leaves with chicken manure, sheep manure, fishpond sludge and a composite fermentation microbial inoculum, and adjusting the water content to be 55-65% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 20-30: 1;
(2) the mixed materials are sent to the feeding end of a fermentation tank, fermentation is carried out in the fermentation tank for 15-20 days, and after the fermentation is finished, the mixed materials are aged and matured for 1-3 days at room temperature;
(3) and drying the aged and decomposed organic matters at 45-55 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%, and then adding a trace element fertilizer and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
The fermentation tank is internally provided with a plurality of paddle type turning devices capable of rotating forward and backward, the paddle type turning devices are used for turning and throwing the mixed materials and pushing the mixed materials to slowly move from the feeding end to the discharging end of the fermentation tank, and the fermentation time and the discharging moisture are controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the paddle type turning devices. At the front end of the fermentation tank, the rotation speed of the paddle type turning device is slower, which is beneficial to fermentation and temperature rise; at the discharge end of the fermentation tank, the rotation speed of the paddle type turning device is higher, and the cooling of materials and the loss of moisture are facilitated.
The composite fermentation microbial inoculum comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus pumilus, bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid bacteria, white-rot fungi and trichoderma viride in a weight ratio of 2:1:1:1:1:1: 1.
Example 4
The loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70% of bio-organic fertilizer, 1% of monosultap, 1% of thiamethoxam, 10% of slow release agent, 1.5% of loss control agent, 0.03% of 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, 0.5% of uniconazole and 15% of polyglutamic acid.
The bio-organic fertilizer was the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in example 1 above.
The slow release agent is prepared by mixing attapulgite, bentonite, sepiolite and chitosan in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1.
The loss control agent was purchased from bio-technology ltd, saidi, anhui.
The preparation method of the sugarcane insecticide-fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, uniformly mixing monosultap, thiamethoxam, a slow release agent and uniconazole according to a ratio;
(2) adding a biological organic fertilizer, a loss control agent, 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate and polyglutamic acid into the mixture, and uniformly mixing;
(3) and (3) feeding the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a granulator for granulation, and then feeding into a film coating machine for coating with a resin film material.
The resin coating material comprises unsaturated polyester resin and epoxy resin.
Example 5
The loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 75% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.1% of monosultap, 0.1% of thiamethoxam, 8% of slow release agent, 2.5% of loss control agent, 0.03% of 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, 1.5% of uniconazole and 12.5% of polyglutamic acid.
The bio-organic fertilizer is the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in example 2.
The slow release agent is prepared by mixing attapulgite, diatomite, vermiculite and chitosan in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1.
The loss control agent was purchased from bio-technology ltd, saidi, anhui.
The preparation method of the sugarcane insecticide-fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, uniformly mixing monosultap, thiamethoxam, a slow release agent and uniconazole according to a ratio;
(2) adding a biological organic fertilizer, a loss control agent, 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate and polyglutamic acid into the mixture, and uniformly mixing;
(3) and (3) feeding the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a granulator for granulation, and then feeding into a film coating machine for coating with a resin film material.
The resin coating material comprises acrylic resin, epoxy resin and silicon resin.
Example 6
The loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.01% of monosultap, 0.01% of thiamethoxam, 5% of slow release agent, 3.5% of loss control agent, 0.02% of 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, 0.5% of uniconazole and 10% of polyglutamic acid.
The bio-organic fertilizer is the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in example 3.
The slow release agent is prepared by mixing diatomite, montmorillonite, zeolite and charcoal according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1.
The loss control agent was purchased from bio-technology ltd, saidi, anhui.
The preparation method of the sugarcane insecticide-fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, uniformly mixing monosultap, thiamethoxam, a slow release agent and uniconazole according to a ratio;
(2) adding a biological organic fertilizer, a loss control agent, 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate and polyglutamic acid into the mixture, and uniformly mixing;
(3) and (3) feeding the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a granulator for granulation, and then feeding into a film coating machine for coating with a resin film material.
The resin coating material comprises polyurethane resin and epoxy resin.
The sugarcane medical fertilizer disclosed by the invention is tested in sugarcane planting in the first half of the year (2020), and the applicant uses the sugarcane medical fertilizer disclosed by the invention in the example 5 to plant sugarcane, uses the biological organic fertilizer prepared in the invention in the example 2 as a control, applies the biological organic fertilizer in soil preparation, and seeds and manages according to the same method and planting density. Sugarcane plants planted by using the sugarcane pesticide fertilizer in example 5 show higher growth speed and stronger tillering capacity, and no plant diseases and insect pests appear so far, as shown in fig. 2-5.

Claims (10)

1. The loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of bio-organic fertilizer, 0.01-1% of monosultap, 0.01-1% of thiamethoxam, 5-10% of slow release agent, 1.5-3.5% of loss control agent, 0.02-0.03% of 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, 0.5-2.5% of uniconazole and 10-15% of polyglutamic acid.
2. The loss-control long-acting sugarcane medical fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biological organic fertilizer is prepared by adding a proper amount of trace element fertilizer into agricultural wastes after the agricultural wastes are fermented and degraded by a compound fermentation microbial inoculum and mixing.
3. The loss control long-acting sugarcane medical fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the agricultural wastes comprise cultivation wastes, agricultural product planting/processing wastes; wherein the breeding waste is livestock manure and breeding sludge, and comprises more than one of chicken manure, duck manure, pig manure, cattle manure, sheep manure, horse manure, rabbit manure, earthworm soil and fishpond sludge; the agricultural product planting/processing waste comprises more than one of plant straw, fruit and vegetable waste, cake meal, bagasse/sugarcane pith and bran.
4. The loss control long-acting sugarcane medical fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the microelement fertilizer is a composition of boron fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer, copper fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer.
5. The loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the compound fermentation inoculant comprises more than 3 of bacillus subtilis, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus megaterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid bacteria, white rot fungi and trichoderma viride.
6. The loss-control long-acting sugarcane medical fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting short and small large and long agricultural product planting/processing wastes, crushing the wastes together with other agricultural product planting/processing wastes, uniformly mixing the wastes with culture wastes and a composite fermentation microbial inoculum, and adjusting the water content to be 55-65% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 20-30: 1;
(2) the mixed materials are sent to a fermentation tank, fermentation is carried out in the fermentation tank, and after the fermentation is finished, the mixed materials are aged and matured for 1 to 3 days at room temperature;
(3) and drying the aged and decomposed organic matters at 45-55 ℃ until the water content is lower than 10%, and then adding a trace element fertilizer and uniformly mixing to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
7. The loss-control long-acting sugarcane medical fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein a plurality of paddle type turning devices capable of rotating forward and backward are installed in the fermentation tank, the paddle type turning devices are used for turning and throwing the mixed materials and pushing the mixed materials to slowly move from the feeding end to the discharging end of the fermentation tank, and the rotation speed of the paddle type turning devices is adjusted to control the fermentation time and the discharging moisture.
8. The loss control long-acting sugarcane medical fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slow release agent comprises more than one of attapulgite, bentonite, diatomite, montmorillonite, vermiculite, sepiolite, zeolite, charcoal and chitosan.
9. The loss-control long-acting sugarcane medical fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the preparation method of the sugarcane medical fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, uniformly mixing monosultap, thiamethoxam, a slow release agent and uniconazole according to a ratio;
(2) adding a biological organic fertilizer, a loss control agent, 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate and polyglutamic acid into the mixture, and uniformly mixing;
(3) and (3) feeding the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a granulator for granulation, then feeding the mixture into a film coating machine for coating with a resin film material to obtain the sugarcane fertilizer, and then metering and packaging the sugarcane fertilizer for sale.
10. The loss control long-acting sugarcane medical fertilizer as claimed in claim 9, wherein the resin coating material comprises more than one of unsaturated polyester resin, polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, alkyd resin and silicone resin.
CN202010846342.0A 2020-08-21 2020-08-21 Loss-control long-acting sugarcane pesticide fertilizer and preparation method thereof Pending CN112028684A (en)

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CN113651648A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-16 武汉绿农瑞益生物科技有限公司 Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
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