CN113603544A

CN113603544A - Preparation method of pepper biological bacterial fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN113603544A
Application number: CN202111046132.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苑学亮; 付刚锋; 谢荣芳; 李虎申; 王子强; 李振娥; 罗秀英; 王洪峰; 商思森
Original assignee: Shandong Super Agricultural Science And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Super Agricultural Science And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-07
Filing date: 2021-09-07
Publication date: 2021-11-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum, which comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a microbial fermentation inoculant; step 2: screening a plurality of strains from a strain library of bacillus thuringiensis, serratia marcescens and arthrobacter, selecting three strains of fungi with minimum antagonism with the microbial fermentation inoculum obtained in the step 1, and carrying out expanded culture; step 3, preparing a coating agent; step 4, crushing the furfural residues and the mushroom residues, mixing according to the weight ratio of 1:1.2-1.5, and stacking for fermentation; step 5, granulating and coating; step 6: and (5) drying in vacuum at low temperature. The invention can solve the problems that the pepper biological bacterial fertilizer prepared by using plant ash, furfural residues and bacterial residues in the prior art does not contain various microorganisms with different functional activities, has low microbial colonization survival performance and does not have the effects of disease prevention and insect prevention.

Description

Preparation method of pepper biological bacterial fertilizer

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of an organic bacterial fertilizer, in particular to a preparation method of a biological bacterial fertilizer with insect-resistant and disease-resistant functions.

Background

The residue after burning of plants (herbs and woody plants) is called plant ash. Since plant ash is ash generated by burning plants, it is a mineral element contained in plants and almost all plant ash is contained therein. The content of potassium element is maximum, generally 6-12% of potassium is contained, more than 90% of potassium element is water-soluble and exists in the form of carbonate; secondly, phosphorus, which generally contains 1.5 to 3 percent; also contains calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, and trace elements such as ferrum, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, etc. Therefore, the fertilizer is a natural fertilizer with wide source, low cost, complete nutrients and obvious fertilizer effect. However, the plant ash is alkaline and cannot be mixed with certain organic fertilizer raw materials, such as human excrement, stable manure, stack retting fertilizer or ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, and the like for application, otherwise, the volatilization loss of nitrogen is caused; the plant ash can not be mixed with the phosphate fertilizer for application, otherwise, phosphorus fixation can be caused, and the fertilizer efficiency of the phosphate fertilizer is reduced. If the plant ash is directly mixed with the raw materials of nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, the fertilizer efficiency is reduced, and the environmental pollution is caused by the phenomena of volatilization of nitrogen, fixation of phosphorus and the like. In addition, the plant ash is light, so the plant ash is easy to move with wind when dry and easy to move with water when wet. When the plant ash is directly used as a fertilizer, a part of nutrients can not be absorbed and utilized by plants. Particularly, the plant ash has strong alkalinity and lower utilization rate in alkaline soil. A great deal of research shows that the plant effectiveness of the Ca, Fe, Zn and other medium and trace elements is extremely low under the alkaline condition of ash. Because the nutrient forms of plant ash burnt by different kinds of plants and at different temperatures are greatly different and are more ineffective, if the plant ash is directly applied without treatment, the fertilizer efficiency cannot be fully exerted on the one hand, and the adverse effect on crops can be caused on the other hand. These characteristics have greatly limited the use of plant ash for fertilizer production. The quantity of plant ash produced by burning plants in China every year is very large, taking a biological power plant as an example, the annual discharge amount of ash and smoke ash produced after power generation and combustion of straws used as crops is very large, if the ash and the smoke ash are not treated, atmospheric dust pollution is caused, and water pollution is caused when the ash and the smoke ash are discharged into water bodies such as rivers and lakes.

Chinese patent publication No. CN1189481A discloses a method for preparing high-potassium-calcium agricultural fertilizer by using plant ash, manure ash and the like. The fertilizer is prepared by stirring, grinding and sieving plant ash, manure ash, lime manure, industrial salt, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and urine. The prepared fertilizer has the defects of high salinity and strong alkalinity, and most elements (such as P, Si, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Mo and the like) in ash are in a fixed state and are not easy to be absorbed and utilized by crops, so the fertilizer is particularly not suitable for being used in alkaline soil.

Chinese patent CN200510095748.5 discloses a method for manufacturing plant straw ash multi-element fertilizer, which takes ash formed by burning, cracking and gasifying plant straws as main raw materials, adds inorganic waste acid solution, agricultural organic acid and/or organic solid wastes which can generate organic acid by composting reaction to reduce the pH value of the raw materials to 6.0-7.5, and then the raw materials are fermented for 1-10 days, and then the raw materials are dried and crushed into products or are added with 3-10% of adhesive after being crushed, and then the finished fertilizer is obtained by granulation. Although the pH value of the ash is reduced to be neutral, the method has the advantages that the beneficial microbial content in the fertilizer is low, and the defects of short fertilizer effect, easy loss, easy water pollution and the like of the original ash fertilizer are still not solved.

The furfural residue is a byproduct of corncob decomposition, is discarded as an industrial waste at present, and pollutes the environment. The pH value of the furfural residue is about 1.90. The furfural residue is acidic, so that the furfural residue can be directly applied to the field as a fertilizer, can not be absorbed and utilized by crops, and the strong acidity of the furfural residue also influences the growth of the crops, so that the yield increase effect cannot be achieved, and the crop yield is influenced, even the crop is out of production. The furfural residue mainly comprises the following components: 76% of organic matter and 11.5% of humic acid.

The organic fertilizer prepared from the furfural residues has the advantages that: firstly, increase farmland organic matter, improve soil structure. The furfural residues are rich in organic matters and humic acid, so that the number of soil aggregate structures can be increased, the soil permeability can be enhanced, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be improved after the application. And secondly, adjusting the pH value of the soil and improving the nutrient effectiveness. The furfural residue contains high free acid, can neutralize alkali root ions in alkaline soil such as saline-alkali soil, calcareous soil and rice soil, adjust the pH value of the soil, and increase the effectiveness of cations such as calcium, magnesium and zinc. Thirdly, the soil is activated, and the toxicity is reduced. The furfural residue contains high pentosan after decomposition, is a high-quality energy source of beneficial microorganisms in soil, can increase the activity of the microorganisms in the soil after application, and reduces the harm of heavy metal ions.

The mushroom dregs are culture carrier for culturing edible mushroom, and the main components of the mushroom dregs are leftover of agricultural and sideline products, such as cottonseed shell, corncob, straw, coconut shell, wood dust, chicken manure and the like. In recent years, the cultivation of edible fungi in China is more and more generalized and scaled, and the result of the concentrated scale production is that the edible fungi residues after picking are largely discarded, which causes serious resource waste and environmental problems. Researches show that the waste mushroom dregs contain saccharides, organic acids, enzymes, bioactive substances, abundant proteins, and various beneficial components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, vitamins and the like, and have high utilization value. At present, the utilization of the mushroom dregs mainly focuses on the utilization of the mushroom dregs after treatment, feed for breeding industry, compost, culture medium and the like. The nutrient components and special physical properties contained in the mushroom dregs also attract the attention of many agricultural researchers at present.

Chinese patent CN201110372741.9 discloses a method for producing organic fertilizer by using plant ash and furfural residues of a biological power plant, which comprises the following steps: collecting furfural residues and plant ash of a biological power plant, and air-drying to make the water content of the furfural residues and the plant ash be 15-20%; mixing furfural residues and plant ash of a biological power plant according to the weight ratio of 2.7-3: 2.2-2.5, stirring, stacking and compacting, covering with a plastic film or canvas, standing for 24-36 hours, spreading, airing to remove water to make the water content be 8-10%, and crushing into powder with the granularity of 1-2 mm to obtain a mixture; and (5) spraying and granulating the mixture by using a granulator to obtain a finished product. The method can regulate soil structure, improve physical and chemical properties of soil, promote crop growth and increase yield by using organic fertilizer produced from plant ash and furfural residue of biological power plants. However, the fertilizer prepared by the method is still a single organic fertilizer, and the content of beneficial bacteria in the fertilizer is low.

The patent of publication No. CN104177138A discloses a biological bacterial fertilizer prepared by a solid fermentation technology and application thereof, the biological bacterial fertilizer is prepared by a fermentation raw material and a strain activating solution through the solid fermentation technology; the effective viable count of the strain activating solution is 4-30 hundred million/mL, and the volume-mass ratio of the addition amount of the strain activating solution to the fermentation raw material is 1-5L/100 kg; the fermentation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of grape skin; 30-50 parts of mushroom dregs; 10-20 parts of furfural residues; 3-6 parts of plant ash; 0.2-0.8 part of inorganic salt, wherein the solid fermentation process comprises the mixing of fermentation raw materials, adding the strain activating solution into the mixed raw materials, uniformly stirring, flatly paving in a solid fermentation device for fermentation, and drying to obtain the biological bacterial fertilizer. The biological bacterial fertilizer prepared by the solid fermentation method has high effective viable count and strong strain competitiveness, and breaks through the problem of inactivation in the storage and use of strains of the traditional biological bacterial fertilizer. The disadvantage is that the consumption of plant ash is low.

The patent with the publication number of CN104003817A discloses a special disease-resistant compound microbial fertilizer for corn and also relates to a production method of the special disease-resistant compound microbial fertilizer for corn. The special disease-resistant compound microbial fertilizer for the corn comprises urea, a compound microbial agent, bran, chitosan, furfural residue, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, rapeseed cake meal, manure, humic acid, sesame cake meal, trace elements, calcium superphosphate and plant ash. The bacterial fertilizer disclosed by the invention is balanced in nutrient elements and rich in trace element components, can effectively improve the soil productivity and fertility level, can obviously inhibit the commonly-occurring main corn diseases due to the addition of the compound microbial agent, is long in fertilizer efficiency, can effectively improve the corn yield by 25-30%, effectively prevents and controls the corn diseases, can effectively improve the soil after being used for a long time, and can play a role in the whole growth period of the corn. Its disadvantage is that it cannot resist diseases and pests.

In the development process of agriculture in China, due to the fact that chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used excessively for a long time, a soil ecosystem is seriously damaged, vicious circle of soil conditions is caused, most prominently, soil is hardened, permeability is poor, soil fertility is lowered, plant diseases and insect pests are rampant, applied chemical fertilizers and crops can only absorb one third of the soil, the other two thirds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and trace elements needed by the crops are solidified and lost by the soil, the crops cannot fully absorb needed nutrients, growth is inhibited, plants are small, diseases such as yellowing, lodging and rotting are prone to occurring, insect pest activities such as root-knot nematodes and stem nematodes are rampant, the crops are less harvested, and residual chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the crops threaten the health of people. At present, although there are various microbial agents which can resist insect pests, prevent diseases and promote the growth of crops, the effect is not ideal. The microbial fertilizer is a specific preparation containing living microorganisms, and the microbial organic fertilizer has the advantages of no damage to the soil structure, no toxicity and no harm to people, livestock and the like; the fertilizer efficiency is durable; can improve the crop yield and the crop quality and has the characteristics of low cost, but the microbial organic fertilizer has stronger selectivity and is easily restricted by factors such as soil, environment and the like.

The capsicum belongs to the genus capsicum of the family solanaceae, and according to reports, the capsicum not only has high nutritional value and is rich in vitamins, alkaloids and organic acids, but also has wide medicinal value. The production period of the pepper is short, the commodity rate is high, the market prospect is wide, the benefit is good, and the cultivation area is increased year by year. The pepper is now a vegetable crop commonly cultivated in agricultural production in China. According to statistics, the area planted throughout the year in China is about ten thousand hectares, the annual green pepper yield is about hundred million tons, and the dried pepper is sold to domestic and foreign markets. However, the pepper diseases in China are various, and the yield and the quality of the pepper are seriously reduced. The pepper phytophthora blight is one of the most serious diseases. The pepper phytophthora blight in China occurs in a large area, and the trend of the pepper phytophthora blight aggravates year by year, so that serious economic loss is caused, the pepper phytophthora blight becomes a big problem in pepper production at present, and the development of the pepper industry is severely limited.

However, due to the huge market demand, the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is increased dramatically in successive years, so that the pepper cultivation soil structure is damaged, the types and the number of soil microorganisms are reduced, the soil quality and the fertility are reduced, the plant diseases and insect pests are increased, and the crop quality is reduced while the pepper yield is ensured. Therefore, the development of efficient chemical fertilizers and pesticide substitutes for pepper planting is urgently needed.

The compound microbial agent is an environment-friendly fertilizer, can promote plant growth, improve crop quality and yield, prevent and treat plant diseases and insect pests, improve soil nutrient structure and physicochemical properties, keep ecological balance, reduce environmental pollution and the like. At present, fertilizers applied to peppers are mainly chemical fertilizers, so that the problems of soil hardening, fertility reduction and the like are caused; the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests mainly adopt chemical pesticides, so that the problems of drug resistance, serious environmental pollution and the like are easily caused, and a compound microbial agent specially designed for hot peppers does not exist in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, when the plant ash is used for preparing the biological bacterial fertilizer, the volatilization loss of nitrogen is easily caused when the plant ash content is high, and the bacterial fertilizer content is low. Solves the problems that the pepper bacterial manure prepared by using plant ash, furfural residues and bacterial residues in the prior art does not have various active microorganisms with different functions, has low microbial colonization survival performance and does not have disease-resistant effect.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.

A preparation method of a biological bacterial fertilizer for hot peppers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: respectively collecting protease producing strain, lipase producing strain and fiber obtained from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC)Activating and carrying out amplification culture on a cellulase producing strain, an amylase producing strain, a potassium bacterium and a phosphorus bacterium according to a provided strain specification to prepare a microbial inoculum, wherein the microbial enzyme activity unit prepared in international units is a metering unit, the cellulase activity unit is based on an FPA activity unit, and the potassium bacterium inoculum with the volume ratio of 2-18% and the phosphorus bacterium with the volume ratio of 5-15% are added according to the ratio of (0.5-0.9) to (0.2-0.6) to (0.3-0.6) to (0.8-1.2) of protease to lipase to cellulase to prepare a first compound microbial inoculum for fermentation production of the microbial activity organic fertilizer; the number of viable bacteria contained in the first composite microbial inoculum is 6-8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml; the strains of the enzyme-producing compound microbial agent are all from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC), can be purchased through commercial approaches, and the culture and growth conditions of the strains are carried out according to the instructions provided by a strain preservation unit. The strains to be involved are mainly cellulase-producing strains (e.g., CGMCC No.: 3.316 or 3.2878, etc.), protease-producing strains (e.g., CGMCC No.: 1.230 or 1.265, etc.), lipase-producing strains (e.g., CGMCC No.: 2.1135 or 2.1405, etc.), amylase-producing strains (e.g., CGMCC No.: 1.803 or 1.836 or 1.831, etc.), phosphorus bacteria (e.g., organophosphorus bacteria or inorganic phosphorus bacteria, e.g., CGMCC No.: 1.217 or 1.223 or 1.220 or 1.823, etc.) and potassium bacteria (e.g., CGMCC No.: 1.910, etc.).

Respectively screening a strain with the minimum antagonism with the first compound microbial agent from a strain library of bacillus thuringiensis, serratia marcescens and arthrobacter, and carrying out amplification culture, wherein the ratio of CFU (carbon fiber unit) of the bacillus thuringiensis to CFU of the arthrobacter is 10: 1-2, compounding to form a second complex microbial inoculum; the second composite microbial inoculum contains viable bacteria with the number of 6-8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml；

The first compound microbial inoculum and the second compound microbial inoculum are mixed to form a microbial fermentation microbial inoculum.

Step 2: screening a fungus strain with minimum antagonism with the microbial fermentation inoculum obtained in the step 1 from a strain library of the green muscardine fungi, the Nomuraearia and the white muscardine fungi respectively, carrying out amplification culture, and compounding in equal proportion to prepare fungus inoculaThe culture takes the activity unit of microbial enzyme prepared by international units as a metering unit, and the viable count of the fungus microbial inoculum culture is 6-8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml。

And step 3: and (3) mixing the fungus microbial inoculum culture obtained in the step (2) with starch, caramel pigment and water at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ according to the mass ratio of (0.5-1) to (3-6): (0.2-0.5): (20-45) and mixing uniformly to prepare the coating agent.

And 4, step 4: crushing furfural residues and mushroom residues, mixing according to the weight ratio of 1:1.2-1.5, and adjusting the water content to 60-65% to obtain an organic matter to be fermented; piling organic matters to be fermented into a trapezoidal stack with the height of 1.5-1.8 m; inoculating white rot fungi to the materials in the stack according to the inoculation amount of 0.5-0.8% of the dry weight of the materials in the stack, so that the microorganisms and the materials are fully contacted. Fermenting at normal temperature, and turning and smashing once a day for 5-7 days.

A plastic film is arranged on a top cover of the stack, so that the temperature of the materials in the stack is rapidly raised to 68-75 ℃, the duration is 3-5 days, and the materials in the stack are killed, the bacteria are killed, and the cellulose is degraded;

adding plant ash into the stack, adjusting the water content in the stack to 50-55% and the pH value to 6.8-7.2;

adding the microbial fermentation inoculum of the step 1 according to 1-2% of the dry weight of the materials in the stack; mixing, and performing low-temperature oxygen-consuming stacking fermentation; turning and tamping the stacks once a day, keeping the temperature of the materials of 20-30 cm in the stacks at 28-35 ℃, and keeping the time for 8-10 days; turning and smashing until the temperature of the pile is the same as the outdoor temperature, and reducing the water content to 18-22%;

mixing with waste tobacco soil, and adjusting pH to 6.8-7.2 to obtain fermented organic matter.

And 5: putting the fermented organic matter into a granulator, and spraying a granulation auxiliary agent for granulation; drying the prepared particles in vacuum at low temperature; screening out particles meeting the requirements through a screening machine.

Step 6: and (3) putting the prepared particles into a coating machine, uniformly scattering a chelating agent, a nitrification inhibitor and medium and trace nutrient elements on the surfaces of the particles, adding the coating agent obtained in the step (3) in a spray manner, and adhering the microbial inoculum to the surfaces of the organic particles to form a microbial inoculum coating to obtain a finished product.

As a preferred technical scheme, the granulation auxiliary agent is a slurry as a byproduct in the production of amino acid.

As a preferred technical scheme, the nitrification inhibitor is one of nitropyridine or thiosulfate.

As a preferred technical scheme, the chelating agent is an amino acid chelating agent, and the amino acid chelating agent is one or more of methionine, lysine, glycine, cysteine and histidine.

As a preferred technical scheme, in the step 4, white rot fungus powder is formed after the white rot fungus is subjected to enlarged culture, and the white rot fungus powder is immobilized white rot fungus powder;

the preparation method of the immobilized white rot fungus powder comprises the following steps: adding small corncob blocks serving as white rot fungus carriers into a potato sucrose liquid culture medium to which the activated white rot fungi are inoculated according to the volume ratio of 20-30%, statically culturing for 2-5 days at 37 ℃, performing shaking culture for one day, then inoculating the corncob blocks tightly wound with white rot fungus mycelia into an activation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 5-7%, statically culturing for 4-6 days at 30 ℃ under the ventilation condition, filtering out a culture solution, drying and crushing to prepare immobilized white rot fungus powder;

the components of the survival culture medium are as follows: sucrose 0.6 g.L^-1Ammonium tartrate 1.2 g.L^-1，NaCl0.1g·L^-1，KH₂PO₄1.5g·L^-1， MgSO₄·7H₂O0.5g·L^-1，MnSO₄·H₂O0.035g·L^-1，VB₁0.1mg·L^-1。

Preferably, the chelating agent is an amino acid chelating agent.

As a preferred technical scheme, the medium and trace nutrient elements are a mixture of zinc sulfate, borax and ferrous sulfate, wherein the zinc sulfate: borax: the weight ratio of the ferrous sulfate is (1-2): (0.3-0.4): 0.5-1.

As a preferred technical scheme, when the drying is carried out in vacuum at low temperature, the temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.07 MPa to-0.08 MPa.

As a preferred technical scheme, the granulator is a disc granulator or a roller granulator; the grain diameter of the finished product is controlled to be 1.0-4.0 mm.

As a preferred technical scheme, the top width of the stack is 1-1.2 meters, the bottom width of the stack is 2-2.4 meters, the length of the stack is determined according to the field, and the volume of each stack is not less than 10m for carrying out the year.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows.

In the production process of the fertilizer, three times of fermentation are adopted. The first time adopts white rot fungus to ferment at low temperature; white-rot fungi belong to the subphylum basidiomycotina, are named after white-rot wood, and are one of microorganisms capable of degrading the main components of wood. Most of the fibers of the wood are still intact in the white rot process, and the crystallinity of the cellulose is not greatly changed. Therefore, the white rot fungus with good selectivity for degrading lignin is assumed to be utilized for biological pulping, and a new way of the pulping method can be developed. The white rot fungi can degrade lignin for pretreatment, biological bleaching and biological pulping, and has strong decomposition capability on other organic xenobiotics, so the white rot fungi also has wide application prospect in wastewater treatment. A large amount of cellulose, lignin and other substances exist in the fungus residues and the furfural residues, and can be quickly and fully decomposed under the action of white rot fungi. Then high-temperature stacking fermentation is adopted. As furfural residue and bacteria residue generate a large amount of acidic substances in the high-temperature fermentation process, various bacteria contained in the organic matter to be fermented are basically killed under the high-temperature acidity. A large amount of plant ash is added into the stack, and the pH value of substances in the stack can be adjusted by utilizing the advantage that the plant ash is alkaline. Is beneficial to the growth of the bacillus thuringiensis, the serratia marcescens and the arthrobacter during the third low-temperature stacking fermentation.

Bacillus thuringiensis is the bacterial insecticide with the largest production quantity and the most extensive application, can generate toxicity to more than 3000 kinds of insects and protozoa, and is researched by researchers particularly in killing mosquitoes and flies. The bacillus thuringiensis can produce a large amount of spores and toxic proteins mainly under the action of stomach toxicity, and after the spores are swallowed by insects, the spores can be propagated into a blood cavity in a large amount through insect intestinal tracts, so that insect septicemia is caused. The toxin produced by the thuringiensis can be divided into endotoxin and exotoxin, wherein the endotoxin is delta-endotoxin, also called parasporal crystal, and can decompose a large amount of small molecular toxin in insect intestinal tracts to kill insects, and the exotoxin is alpha-toxin and beta-toxin, wherein the alpha-toxin is insect intestinal tract destructive enzyme, and the beta-toxin is heat stable exotoxin and has specific disease curing effect on mosquitoes and flies. However, Bacillus thuringiensis alone is not effective.

Serratia marcescens, also known as Linteobacteria, is a pathogenic bacterium of insects and infects many larvae and adults of insects. Serratia marcescens is also a strain which can be propagated in quantity in the rhizosphere, bulb, polypide and soil of pepper.

Arthrobacter is one of the most commonly isolated soil bacteria species, and is widely and almost ubiquitous on earth. Arthrobacter can be isolated from soil to plants, from mountains to sea water, from archaeological murals to clinical specimens. Arthrobacter are widely distributed in part because of their ability to survive long periods of time under stress conditions caused by starvation, temperature changes, ionizing radiation, oxygen radicals, toxic compounds, and the like. For example, Arthrobacter can be isolated from soil in desert areas of Xinjiang; arthrobacter can be found in antarctic and arctic regions, glacier sludge, and ice dust and ice pits of alpine glaciers; arthrobacter is one of the most prevalent species among the bacteria isolated from leaks in the radionuclide reservoirs of the United states energy division of Washington. In recent years, the acquisition of genome sequences of multiple arthrobacter strains enables people to deeply understand the genomics basis of the wide environmental adaptability of the arthrobacter strains. The stress response related genes such as sigma factor, oxidative stress, osmotic stress, hunger stress, temperature stress and the like in the arthrobacter genome enable the arthrobacter genome to have outstanding capability of resisting environmental stress. The plasmids in arthrobacter often endow the strain with decomposition capability to more compounds and resistance to heavy metals, so that the strain has stronger environmental competitiveness. The above ability makes arthrobacter play an important role in the process of degrading environmental pollutants. In the prior art, when pepper is planted, a large amount of pesticide and chemical fertilizer are used, so that the environmental pollution of soil is serious, the arthrobacter is also a strain capable of propagating in the rhizosphere, the bulb, the polypide and the soil of pepper in a large amount, and the compound arthrobacter and serratia marcescens can play an important role in the process of degrading environmental pollutants and improve the fertilizer efficiency.

The above composite bacteria can form spores and parasporal crystals in the later growth stage, and can be matched with each other to improve the effect compared with single bacteria. The parasporal crystals are hydrolyzed by proteases into smaller units under specific conditions to produce toxicity. It is insoluble in water and organic solvents, but soluble in alkaline solutions. After the maggots are eaten into the preparation, the toxicity is released under the action of gastric juice, and the toxicity firstly acts on midgut cells of the maggots to paralyze the midgut. As the disease progresses, the adhesive substances of the intestinal wall cells are destroyed, the epithelial cells are peeled off and scattered in the intestine, the permeability of the middle intestine is out of control, the intestinal wall is perforated, and the intestinal contents, spores and bacteria invade the blood cavity in large quantity. The maggots die due to septicemia along with the mass propagation of bacteria. The main symptoms after the maggots are infected with the bacterial diseases are anorexia, food deprivation, slow action, vomiting and diarrhea and death after 1 to 2 days.

Metarhizium anisopliae is an important biocontrol fungus, can parasitize various insects, is widely applied in production, and according to incomplete statistics, more than 200 insects can be infected and killed by the fungus all over the world. The bacterium has strong pathogenicity and good effect, is nontoxic to human, livestock and crops, and is one of the most studied and applied entomogenous fungi in the world at present. The research on the metarhizium anisopliae has been carried out for more than 100 years in the world, but the effect is unstable due to the restriction of a plurality of factors, and the large-scale production and application of the metarhizium anisopliae are greatly restricted. Until 1988, the emergence of pest control formulations for australian sugarcane and pasture had no major progress in their application. The invasion of the metarhizium anisopliae to the host is a comprehensive result of physiological and biochemical effects between the host and pathogenic bacteria, and the host can be infected through various ways such as a body wall, an air valve, an alimentary canal and the like, wherein the way of the body wall is a main way. The infection mode reflects the characteristics of the fungi. The pathogenic process can be generally divided into 9 stages: attaching conidia to insect epidermis; ② infectious units germinate on the epidermis, this process requires higher temperatures; (iii) penetration of the epidermis. The process is carried out by penetrating germ tube formed by germination of conidium into epidermis directly or forming attachment cell to attach on epidermis firmly, then generating slender invasion filament from attachment cell to penetrate into epidermis, under combined action of mechanical pressure generated by germination of germ tube and relevant enzyme secreted in growth process. The secreted enzyme can degrade protein, chitin and other substances in the body wall, so that the germ tube of spore germination can penetrate the body wall; mycelium grows in the body cavity; producing toxin. Many entomogenous fungi overcome the defense reaction of hosts before they invade the hosts extensively, and are considered to play an important role as toxins, which are known to be mostly small-molecule carboxypeptids and proteases; sixthly, the host dies; seventhly, the hyphae propagate in the host body in a large quantity and invade all organs of the host, and finally the worm body is rigid; allowing the hypha to penetrate out of the host body; ninthly, new infection units are generated and spread. The traditional view about the cause of the destructor of the metarhizium anisopliae is that hyphae rapidly proliferate in the polypide, and the host is finally killed after the nutrition of the host is absorbed by the mass consumption, but scholars think that the metarhizium anisopliae firstly secretes some substances in the process of invading the host, kills the host and then starts to breed the hyphae in large quantity.

Nomuraea rileyi is an important entomogenous fungus, and the fungus can infect various lepidoptera pests, particularly has higher toxicity on noctuidae pests, and has good biocontrol application prospect.

Beauveria bassiana is a pesticide. Its insecticidal action is mainly characterized by that after the spore is contacted with insect body, it can germinate under the condition of proper temp. and temp., and the growth bud tube can penetrate the body wall of insect and extend into the human body of insect to produce lots of hypha and secreted toxin (beauvericin), so that it can affect blood circulation, interfere metabolism and make the insect be sick, and after 4-5 days, it can die. White and stiff corpses are called white muscardine. The insect corpse is named as beauveria bassiana because hypha and white powdery spores grow on the body surface of the insect corpse. Spores on the insect corpse can be diffused by wind power, or the insect pest actively contacts the insect corpse to continuously infect other insect pest individuals. The epidemic disease is spread to cause the death of a large number of pests. One infection cycle lasts for 7-10 days.

In the invention, a plurality of fungus microbial agents are compounded. The microorganisms can be infected through the alimentary canal and the body wall of the maggots, conidia germinate to generate germ tubes when meeting proper temperature and humidity after contacting with the maggots to form hyphae, secrete chitinase and protein toxin at the same time, and dissolve the maggots body wall to invade the maggots. In the body of the insect, hypha directly absorbs the body fluid nutrient of the insect, grows and continuously multiplies, so that the whole body of the insect is filled with the hypha, the circulation of blood is prevented, and metabolites of the hypha are greatly accumulated in the blood to cause the change of the physical and chemical properties of the blood, so that the maggots are metabolized and died. The maggots die 2 to 3 days after being infected with diseases, the body of the dead maggots is soft, and then the maggots quickly become dry and hard because the hyphae take a large amount of moisture. After nutrients in the maggot bodies are absorbed completely, hypha extends out of the bodies along air gaps and internode membranes of the maggot bodies and generates conidia, and white fuzz is visible on the bodies. The coating agent can be effectively prepared according to plant diseases and insect pests in the field. Temperature can affect the germination of beauveria spores, hypha invasion and the development of disease conditions. The relative humidity affects the germination and hypha growth of beauveria bassiana conidia, and the conidia do not germinate in drought. According to the invention, the coating agent can be obtained by compounding the beauveria bassiana, the Nomuraearia muralis and the Metarrhizium anisopliae, and effectively aiming at various plant diseases and insect pests of vegetables. The granulation auxiliary agent is used for granulation, and is firstly decomposed and released in the using process of the bacterial manure, so that the mutual influence between fungi and other bacteria is reduced.

3. The bacterial manure contains medium and trace elements, and the content of the trace elements in the soil can be adjusted according to requirements, so that the aim of increasing the fertilizer efficiency is fulfilled.

4. And the influence of granulation drying on microorganism viable bacteria is solved by adopting vacuum low-temperature drying, and the microorganism viable bacteria of the product can not be killed by the vacuum low-temperature drying.

5. The invention makes full use of the furfural residues and the fungus residues to generate various amino acids and plant growth regulating substances in the decomposing process, adds the chelating agent, is not easy to be fixed in soil, is easy to dissolve in water, is not dissociated, can be well absorbed and utilized by plants, is mixed with other solid or liquid fertilizers for application without chemical reaction, and does not reduce the fertilizer efficiency of any fertilizer. The addition of the nitrification inhibitor can inhibit the chemical substances in the biological conversion process of converting ammonium nitrogen into nitrate Nitrogen (NCT), and reduce the loss of the nitrogen fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen and the influence on the ecological environment by reducing the generation and accumulation of the nitrate nitrogen in soil. But has no harm to people in the using range.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a biological bacterial manure for hot pepper of the invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1. A preparation method of a biological bacterial fertilizer for hot peppers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: respectively activating and gradually amplifying protease producing bacteria, lipase producing bacteria, cellulase producing bacteria, amylase producing bacteria, potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria obtained from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) according to provided strain specifications to prepare microbial inoculums, taking microbial inoculums prepared by international units as metering units, wherein the cellulase activity units take FPA activity units as reference, and adding 2-18% of potassium bacterial inoculums and 5-15% of phosphorus bacterial inoculums in volume ratio to prepare a first compound microbial inoculums for microbial activity fermentation production according to the ratio of protease, lipase, amylase and cellulase being 0.5: 0.2: 0.3: 0.8; the first composite bacterial preparation has viable count of 6 × 10⁹cfu/ml。

Respectively screening a strain with the minimum antagonism with the first compound microbial agent from a strain library of bacillus thuringiensis, serratia marcescens and arthrobacter, and carrying out amplification culture, wherein the ratio of CFU (carbon fiber unit) of the bacillus thuringiensis to CFU of the arthrobacter is 10: 1-2, compounding to form a second complex microbial inoculum; the second composite microbial inoculum contains viable bacteria with the number of 6-8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml。

The three selected bacteria are: bacillus thuringiensis (CGMCC No. 4923), Arthrobacter (CGMCC No. 7779); serratia marcescens (CGMCC NO. 20558).

Step 2: screening a fungus strain with the minimum antagonism with the microbial fermentation inoculum obtained in the step 1 from a strain library of the green muscardine fungi, the Nomura leinii and the white muscardine fungi respectively, carrying out amplification culture, and preparing fungus inoculum culture in an equal proportion by compounding, wherein the microorganism enzyme activity unit manufactured by international unit is taken as a metering unit, and the viable count of the fungus inoculum culture is 6 multiplied by 109 cfu/ml; during the antagonism test, the selected strains and the microbial fermentation inoculum are mixed and inoculated on a culture medium, the culture is carried out at a proper temperature, a culture dish or a conical flask is taken out after a period of time, and the antagonism degree can be obtained by visual observation according to the characteristics of colony morphology or bacterial suspension and the like or microscopic examination.

The three selected bacteria are: beauveria bassiana (CGMCC No. 5288), Nomuraea rileyi (CGMCC No. 7993), and Metarhizium anisopliae (CGMCC 1.516).

And step 3: and (3) mixing the fungal microbial inoculum culture obtained in the step (2) with starch, caramel pigment and water at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 3: 0.2: 20, mixing uniformly to prepare a coating agent;

and 4, step 4: crushing furfural residues and mushroom residues, mixing according to the weight ratio of 1:1.2, and adjusting the water content to 60% to obtain an organic matter to be fermented; piling organic matters to be fermented into a trapezoidal stack with the height of 1.5 meters; inoculating white rot fungi to the materials in the stack according to the inoculation amount of 0.5 percent of the dry weight of the materials in the stack to ensure that the microorganisms are fully contacted with the materials. White rot fungi (CGMCC5.776) are purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center. Fermenting at normal temperature, and stirring once a day for 7 days.

A plastic film is arranged on a top cover of the stack, so that the temperature of the materials in the stack is rapidly raised to 68 ℃, the duration is 3 days, and the mixed bacteria of the materials in the stack are killed and the cellulose is degraded;

adding plant ash into the stack, adjusting the water content in the stack to 50% and the pH value to 6.8;

adding the microbial fermentation inoculum of the step 1 according to 1 percent of the dry weight of the materials in the stack; mixing, and performing low-temperature oxygen-consuming stacking fermentation; turning and tamping the stacks once a day, keeping the temperature of the 20 cm materials in the stacks at 28 ℃, and keeping the duration for 8-10 days; turning and smashing until the temperature of the pile is the same as the outdoor temperature, and reducing the water content to 18-22%;

mixing with waste tobacco soil, and adjusting pH to 6.8-7.2 to obtain fermented organic matter;

and 5: putting the fermented organic matter into a granulator, and spraying a granulation auxiliary agent for granulation; drying the prepared particles in vacuum at low temperature; screening out particles meeting the requirements through a screening machine;

The granulation auxiliary agent is a byproduct slurry in amino acid production.

The weight ratio of the chelating agent to the nitrification inhibitor is 0.2 percent. The nitrification inhibitor is nitropyridine.

The amino acid chelating agent is methionine.

In the step 4, white rot fungus powder is formed after the enlarged culture of the white rot fungus, and the white rot fungus powder is immobilized white rot fungus powder;

Among the medium and trace nutrient elements, zinc sulfate: borax: the weight ratio of the ferrous sulfate is 1:0.3: 0.5. The weight ratio of the medium and trace nutrient elements in the finished product is 0.2%.

When the mixture is dried in vacuum at low temperature, the temperature is 40 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.07 MPa.

The granulator is a disc granulator; the grain diameter of the finished product is controlled to be 1.0 mm.

The top width of the stack is 1 meter, the bottom width is 2 meters, the stack length is determined according to the field, and the volume of each stack is not less than 10m for carrying out the cultivation.

Example 2. A preparation method of a biological bacterial fertilizer for hot peppers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: respectively activating and gradually amplifying protease producing bacteria, lipase producing bacteria, cellulase producing bacteria, amylase producing bacteria, potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria obtained from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) according to provided strain specifications to prepare microbial inoculums, taking microbial inoculums prepared by international units as metering units, wherein the microbial inoculums activity units of the international units are based on FPA activity units, and adding 10% of potassium bacterial inoculums and 8% of phosphorus bacteria in volume ratio according to the ratio of protease to lipase to amylase to cellulase being 0.7: 0.3: 0.5: 1 to prepare a first compound microbial inoculums for microbial inoculums active fermentation production; the first composite bacterial preparation has viable count of 6 × 10⁹cfu/ml。

Respectively screening a strain with the minimum antagonism with the first compound microbial agent from a strain library of bacillus thuringiensis, serratia marcescens and arthrobacter, and carrying out amplification culture, wherein the ratio of CFU (carbon fiber unit) of the bacillus thuringiensis to CFU of the arthrobacter is 10: 1, compounding to form a second complex microbial inoculum; the second composite bacterial preparation contains viable bacteria of 6 × 10⁹cfu/ml. The three selected strains were the same as in example 1.

Step 2: screening a fungus strain with the minimum antagonism with the microbial fermentation inoculum obtained in the step 1 from a strain library of the metarhizium anisopliae, the Nomuraea rileyi and the beauveria bassiana respectively, carrying out amplification culture, and compounding in equal proportion to prepare a fungus strain culture, wherein the microorganism enzyme activity unit manufactured by international unit is taken as a metering unit, and the fungus strain culture contains viable bacteria with the number of 6-8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml; the three selected strains were the same as in example 1.

And step 3: and (3) mixing the fungal microbial inoculum culture obtained in the step (2) with starch, caramel pigment and water at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 0.8: 5: 0.3: 30, mixing uniformly to prepare a coating agent;

and 4, step 4: crushing furfural residues and mushroom residues, mixing according to the weight ratio of 1:1.3, and adjusting the water content to 62% to obtain an organic matter to be fermented; piling organic matters to be fermented into a trapezoidal stack with the height of 1.8 m; inoculating white rot fungi to the materials in the stack according to the inoculation amount of 0.7 percent of the dry weight of the materials in the stack to ensure that the microorganisms are fully contacted with the materials. White rot fungi (CGMCC5.776) are purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center. Fermenting at room temperature, and stirring once a day for 5 days.

A plastic film is arranged on a top cover of the stack, so that the temperature of the materials in the stack is quickly raised to 70 ℃, the duration is 4 days, and the mixed bacteria of the materials in the stack are killed and the cellulose is degraded;

adding plant ash into the stack, adjusting the water content in the stack to 52% and the pH value to 7;

adding the microbial fermentation inoculum of the step 1 according to 1.5 percent of the dry weight of the materials in the stack; mixing, and performing low-temperature oxygen-consuming stacking fermentation; turning and tamping the stacks once a day, keeping the temperature of the materials with the length of 30 cm in the stacks at 30 ℃, and keeping the time for 9 days; turning and smashing until the temperature of the pile is the same as the outdoor temperature and the moisture content is reduced to 20 percent;

mixing with waste tobacco soil, and adjusting pH to 7.2 to obtain fermented organic matter;

The granulation auxiliary agent is a byproduct slurry in amino acid production.

The nitrification inhibitor is thiosulfate.

The amino acid chelating agent is lysine. The weight ratio of the chelating agent to the nitrification inhibitor is 0.2 percent.

the preparation method of the immobilized white rot fungus powder comprises the following steps: adding small corn cob blocks serving as white rot fungus carriers into a potato sucrose liquid culture medium to which the activated white rot fungi are inoculated according to the volume ratio of 20-30%, statically culturing for 3 days at 37 ℃, performing shaking culture for one day, then transferring the corn cob blocks tightly wound with the white rot fungus mycelia into an activation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 6%, statically culturing for 5 days at 30 ℃ under the condition of ventilation, filtering out a culture solution, drying and crushing to prepare immobilized white rot fungus powder;

Among the medium and trace nutrient elements, zinc sulfate: borax: the weight ratio of the ferrous sulfate is 1:0.4: 0.7. The weight ratio of the medium and trace nutrient elements in the finished product is 0.2%.

When the drying is carried out in vacuum at low temperature, the temperature is 40 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa.

The granulator is a roller granulator; the grain diameter of the finished product is controlled to be 4.0 mm.

The top width of the stack is 1.2 meters, the bottom width is 2.4 meters, the length of the stack is determined according to the field, and the volume of each stack is not less than 10m for carrying out the high-speed cultivation.

Example 3. A preparation method of a biological bacterial fertilizer for hot peppers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: respectively activating protease producing bacteria, lipase producing bacteria, cellulase producing bacteria, amylase producing bacteria, potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria obtained from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) according to the provided strain specification, and performing amplification culture step by step to prepare microbial inoculum, wherein the microbial enzyme activity unit of the international unit system is taken as a metering unit, and the activity unit of the cellulase is based on the activity unit of FPA (protease, lipase, amylase and cellulase) is 0.9: 0.6: 0.51.2, adding 18 percent of potassium bacterial agent and 15 percent of phosphorus bacterial agent in volume ratio to prepare a first compound microbial agent for fermentation production of the microbial active organic fertilizer; the first composite bacterial preparation contains viable bacteria with the number of 8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml。

Respectively screening a strain with the minimum antagonism with the first compound microbial agent from a strain library of bacillus thuringiensis, serratia marcescens and arthrobacter, and carrying out amplification culture, wherein the ratio of CFU (carbon fiber unit) of the bacillus thuringiensis to CFU of the arthrobacter is 10: 2, compounding to form a second complex microbial inoculum; the second composite bacterial preparation contains viable bacteria of 8 × 10⁹cfu/ml. The three selected strains were the same as in example 1.

Step 2: screening a fungus strain with minimum antagonism with the microbial fermentation inoculum obtained in the step 1 from a strain library of the green muscardine fungi, the Nomura leinii and the white muscardine fungi respectively, carrying out amplification culture, and compounding in equal proportion to prepare a fungus strain culture, wherein the microorganism enzyme activity unit manufactured by international unit is taken as a metering unit, and the viable count of the fungus strain culture is 8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml; the three selected strains were the same as in example 1.

And step 3: and (3) mixing the fungal microbial inoculum culture obtained in the step (2) with starch, caramel pigment and water at the temperature of 40 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 1: 6: 0.5: 45, mixing uniformly to prepare a coating agent;

and 4, step 4: crushing furfural residues and mushroom residues, mixing according to the weight ratio of 1:1.5, and adjusting the water content to 65% to obtain an organic matter to be fermented; piling organic matters to be fermented into a trapezoidal stack with the height of 1.8 m; inoculating white rot fungi to the materials in the stack according to the inoculation amount of 0.8 percent of the dry weight of the materials in the stack to ensure that the microorganisms are fully contacted with the materials. White rot fungi (CGMCC5.776) are purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center. Fermenting at normal temperature, and stirring once a day for 6 days;

a plastic film is arranged on a top cover of the stack, so that the temperature of the materials in the stack is rapidly raised to 75 ℃, the duration is 5 days, and the mixed bacteria of the materials in the stack are killed and the cellulose is degraded;

adding plant ash into the stack, adjusting the water content in the stack to 55%, and adjusting the pH value to 7.2;

adding the microbial fermentation inoculum of the step 1 according to 2 percent of the dry weight of the materials in the stack; mixing, and performing low-temperature oxygen-consuming stacking fermentation; turning and tamping the stacks once a day, keeping the temperature of the materials of 30 cm in the stacks at 35 ℃, and keeping the time for 10 days; turning and smashing until the temperature of the pile is the same as the outdoor temperature and the moisture content is reduced to 22 percent;

The granulation auxiliary agent is a byproduct slurry in amino acid production.

The nitrification inhibitor is thiosulfate.

The amino acid chelating agent is glycine. The weight ratio of the chelating agent to the nitrification inhibitor is 0.3 percent.

the preparation method of the immobilized white rot fungus powder comprises the following steps: adding small corn cob blocks serving as white rot fungus carriers into a potato sucrose liquid culture medium to which the activated white rot fungi are inoculated according to the volume ratio of 30%, statically culturing for 5 days at 37 ℃, performing shaking culture for one day, then transferring the corn cob blocks tightly wound with the white rot fungus mycelia into an activation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 7%, statically culturing for 6 days at 30 ℃ under the ventilation condition, filtering out a culture solution, drying and crushing to prepare immobilized white rot fungus powder;

Among the medium and trace nutrient elements, zinc sulfate: borax: the weight ratio of the ferrous sulfate is 2:0.4: 1. The weight ratio of the medium and trace nutrient elements in the finished product is 0.2%.

When the drying is carried out in vacuum at low temperature, the temperature is 45 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa.

The granulator is a roller granulator; the grain diameter of the finished product is controlled to be 3 mm.

Example 4. A preparation method of a biological bacterial fertilizer for hot peppers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: respectively activating and gradually amplifying protease producing bacteria, lipase producing bacteria, cellulase producing bacteria, amylase producing bacteria, potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria obtained from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) according to provided strain specifications to prepare microbial inoculums, taking microbial inoculums prepared by international units as metering units, wherein the microbial inoculums activity units of the international units are based on FPA activity units, and adding potassium bacteria microbial inoculums and phosphorus bacteria in a volume ratio of 15% and 12% according to a ratio of protease to lipase to amylase to cellulase of 0.7: 0.5: 0.9: 1.2 to prepare the microbial inoculums into a first compound microbial inoculums for fermentation production of the microbial active organic fertilizers; the first composite bacterial preparation contains viable bacteria with the number of 8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml。

And step 3: and (3) mixing the fungus microbial inoculum culture obtained in the step (2) with starch, caramel pigment and water at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 1: 6: 0.5: 45, mixing uniformly to prepare a coating agent;

and 4, step 4: crushing furfural residues and mushroom residues, mixing according to the weight ratio of 1:1.5, and adjusting the water content to 60% to obtain an organic matter to be fermented; piling organic matters to be fermented into a trapezoidal stack with the height of 1.8 m; inoculating white rot fungi to the materials in the stack according to the inoculation amount of 0.7 percent of the dry weight of the materials in the stack to ensure that the microorganisms are fully contacted with the materials. White rot fungi (CGMCC5.776) are purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center. Fermenting at normal temperature, and stirring once a day for 7 days.

A plastic film is arranged on a top cover of the stack, so that the temperature of the materials in the stack is quickly raised to 70 ℃, the duration is 5 days, and the mixed bacteria of the materials in the stack are killed and the cellulose is degraded;

adding plant ash into the stack, adjusting the water content in the stack to 55%, and adjusting the pH value to 7.2.

Adding the microbial fermentation inoculum of the step 1 according to 2 percent of the dry weight of the materials in the stack; mixing, and performing low-temperature oxygen-consuming stacking fermentation; turning and tamping the stacks once a day, keeping the temperature of the materials of 30 cm in the stacks at 35 ℃, and keeping the time for 8-10 days; turning and smashing until the temperature of the pile is the same as the outdoor temperature and the moisture content is reduced to 20 percent;

The granulation auxiliary agent is a byproduct slurry in amino acid production.

The nitrification inhibitor is nitropyridine.

The amino acid chelating agent is histidine. The weight ratio of the chelating agent to the nitrification inhibitor is 0.4 percent.

the preparation method of the immobilized white rot fungus powder comprises the following steps: adding small corn cob blocks serving as white rot fungus carriers into a potato sucrose liquid culture medium to which the activated white rot fungi are inoculated according to the volume ratio of 20%, statically culturing for 2 days at 37 ℃, performing shaking culture for one day, then transferring the corn cob blocks tightly wound with the white rot fungus mycelia into an activation culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 5%, statically culturing for 4 days at 30 ℃ under the ventilation condition, filtering out a culture solution, drying and crushing to prepare immobilized white rot fungus powder;

the components of the survival culture medium are as follows: sucrose 0.6 g.L^～1Ammonium tartrate 1.2 g.L^～1，NaCl0.1g·L^～1，KH₂PO₄1.5g·L^～1， MgSO₄·7H₂O0.5g·L^-1，MnSO₄·H₂O0.035g·L^-1，VB₁0.1mg·L^-1。

Among the medium and trace nutrient elements, zinc sulfate: borax: the weight ratio of the ferrous sulfate is 2:0.3: 1. The weight ratio of the medium and trace nutrient elements in the finished product is 0.2%.

When the drying is carried out in vacuum at low temperature, the temperature is 50 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa.

Test example 1. In order to verify the influence of the pepper biological bacterial manure on the growth and development, yield, benefit and the like of the pepper, a pepper field test is arranged in a main production area of shou-guang vegetables in spring 2020.

1. Test materials and methods

1.1 test site and base case: the test point is arranged in a Hugluquan greenhouse of a farmhouse on an ancient city street. The soil type is medium-soil brown soil, and the greenhouse has been used for continuously planting vegetables for more than 8 years.

1.2 test fertilizers:

the bacterial manure in the embodiment 3 of the invention (according to test technical indexes, the number of effective viable bacteria (cfu) is more than or equal to 10.0 hundred million/g, organic matter is more than or equal to 40 percent, and extracellular polysaccharide is more than or equal to 1.0 mg/g) and a commercially available chemical fertilizer.

1.3 test crops and planting modes: the test crops are greenhouse vegetables: and (4) pepper.

1.4 test site and basal soil nutrient status: area is planted to big-arch shelter hot pepper: 2 mu, the soil condition is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 test soil conditions

Organic matter (g/kg)	Basic hydrolyzed nitrogen (mg/kg)	Quick-acting phosphorus (mg/kg)	Quick-acting potassium (mg/kg)
				16.8	112.3	103	159

1.5 experimental design:

the hot pepper test adopts a method of comparison with a greenhouse, and the area of each cell is 30m²Randomly arranged and repeated three times.

Treatment 1: applying fertilizer by local farmers;

and (3) treatment 2: the product obtained in example 3 of the present invention was added to the treatment 1, and 40kg of the fertilizer product was applied per mu.

And (3) treatment: the product obtained in example 3 of the present invention was added to treatment 1 and 20kg of the fertilizer product tested per acre was applied (halved relative to treatment 2).

Except for the difference of the use amount of different treated fertilizers, other management measures such as watering, pest control, weeding, trimming and the like need to be unified and uniform, and an isolation belt needs to be arranged in a treatment room to comply with the use requirements of microbial fertilizers.

1.6 the harvest is independently harvested according to the subdistrict at each time, weighed and metered.

2. Test results

2.1 compared with the first treatment (comparison), the third treatment and the second treatment obviously reduce the soil hardening condition, increase the granular structure, and effectively improve the water and fertilizer retention and ventilation; compared with the control, the diseased plants are reduced by 32 percent, and the disease resistance is enhanced. The product has dark green color, good colorability and high fruit setting rate, and can be put on the market in advance by 6 days on average.

Treatment three and treatment two did not differ significantly in product appearance.

2.2 Effect of organic bacterial manure on Pepper yield

At harvest, each cell was harvested separately, weighed and the yields counted, the results are shown in table 2.

It can be seen that the yield-increasing effect is obvious.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a biological bacterial fertilizer for hot peppers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: respectively collecting general microorganisms obtained from China Committee for culture Collection of microorganismsActivating and carrying out amplification culture on protease producing bacteria, lipase producing bacteria, cellulase producing bacteria, amylase producing bacteria, potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria in a biological center (CGMCC) according to a provided strain specification to prepare a microbial inoculum, wherein the microbial enzyme activity unit prepared in international units is taken as a metering unit, and the cellulase activity unit is based on the FPA activity unit, and then adding 2-18% of a potassium bacterial inoculum and 5-15% of a phosphorus bacteria inoculum in a volume ratio according to the ratio of (0.5-0.9) to (0.2-0.6) to (0.3-0.6) to (0.8-1.2) of protease to lipase to cellulase to prepare a first compound microbial inoculum for fermentation production of the microbial activity organic fertilizer; the number of viable bacteria contained in the first composite microbial inoculum is 6-8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml；

Mixing the first compound microbial inoculum and the second compound microbial inoculum to form a microbial fermentation microbial inoculum;

step 2: screening a fungus strain with the minimum antagonism with the microbial fermentation inoculum obtained in the step 1 from a strain library of the metarhizium anisopliae, the Nomuraea rileyi and the beauveria bassiana respectively, carrying out amplification culture, and compounding in equal proportion to prepare a fungus strain culture, wherein the microorganism enzyme activity unit manufactured by international unit is taken as a metering unit, and the fungus strain culture contains viable bacteria with the number of 6-8 multiplied by 10⁹cfu/ml；

And step 3: and (3) mixing the fungus microbial inoculum culture obtained in the step (2) with starch, caramel pigment and water at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ according to the mass ratio of (0.5-1) to (3-6): (0.2-0.5): (20-45) uniformly mixing to prepare a coating agent;

and 4, step 4: crushing furfural residues and mushroom residues, mixing according to the weight ratio of 1:1.2-1.5, and adjusting the water content to 60-65% to obtain an organic matter to be fermented; piling organic matters to be fermented into a trapezoidal stack with the height of 1.5-1.8 m; inoculating white rot fungi to the materials in the stack according to the inoculation amount of 0.5-0.8% of the dry weight of the materials in the stack to ensure that the microorganisms are fully contacted with the materials; fermenting at normal temperature, and turning and smashing once a day for 5-7 days;

2. The method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the granulation auxiliary agent is a byproduct slurry in amino acid production.

3. The method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nitrification inhibitor is one of nitropyridine or thiosulfate.

4. The method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the amino acid chelating agent is one or more of methionine, lysine, glycine, cysteine and histidine.

5. The method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 4, white rot fungus powder is formed after the enlarged culture of the white rot fungus, and the white rot fungus powder is immobilized white rot fungus powder;

6. The method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the chelating agent is an amino acid chelating agent.

7. The method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: among the medium and trace nutrient elements, zinc sulfate: borax: the weight ratio of the ferrous sulfate is (1-2): (0.3-0.4): 0.5-1.

8. The method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the vacuum low-temperature drying is carried out, the temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.07 MPa to-0.08 MPa.

9. The method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the granulator is a disc granulator or a roller granulator; the grain diameter of the finished product is controlled to be 1.0-4.0 mm.

10. The method for preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer for capsicum according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the top width of the stack is 1-1.2 meters, the bottom width is 2-2.4 meters, the length of the stack is determined according to the field, and the volume of each stack is not less than 10m for carrying out the high-speed plantation.