CN103011961A - Active organic bacterial manure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Active organic bacterial manure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103011961A CN103011961A CN2012105425422A CN201210542542A CN103011961A CN 103011961 A CN103011961 A CN 103011961A CN 2012105425422 A CN2012105425422 A CN 2012105425422A CN 201210542542 A CN201210542542 A CN 201210542542A CN 103011961 A CN103011961 A CN 103011961A
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- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005837 radical ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 241001446247 uncultured actinomycete Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an active organic bacterial manure and a preparation method thereof. The active organic bacterial manure is prepared by the following steps of: performing one-time continuous fermentation, granulation, drying and screening on plant ash, industrial and agricultural wastes enriched with organic matters, and an inorganic fertilizer which are used as raw materials and inoculating bacteria subjected to breeding from the raw materials above. According to the active organic bacterial manure, the industrial and agricultural wastes enriched with the organic matters can be greatly consumed, and the environmental pollution is reduced; in the process of crop cultivation and urban greening, the problems of soil hardening, gradual fertilizer efficiency reduction and environmental pollution which are caused by that fertilizers are used year by year are solved; and a new fertilizer source is supplied to the agricultural production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of organic fungi-manure and preparation method thereof belongs to the microbial fertilizer field.
Background technology
Resistates after plant (draft and the xylophyta) burning claims plant ash.Because plant ash is to be the ashes behind the burning plants, so be the contained mineral element of all plants, nearly all contain in the plant ash.What wherein content was maximum is potassium element, generally contains potassium 6-12%, wherein is water-soluble more than 90%, exists with carbonate form; Next is phosphorus, generally contains 1.5-3%; Also contain the micronutrient elements such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulphur and iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum.Therefore, it be a kind of wide material sources, with low cost, nutrient is complete, the obvious Natural fertilizers of fertilizer efficiency.But since plant ash be alkalescence, can not with some fertilizer raw material, use such as mixing such as human excrement, barnyard manure, stack retting fertilizer or ammonium fertilizers, otherwise can cause nitrogen volatilization loss; Plant ash can not mix with phosphate fertilizer to be used, otherwise can cause the phosphorus element fixing, reduces the fertilizer efficiency of phosphate fertilizer.As plant ash is directly mixed use with nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer raw material, not only cause fertilizer efficiency to reduce, also can cause environmental pollution because of phenomenons such as the volatilization of nitrogen and phosphorus element are fixing.In addition, because the plant ash light weight easily goes with the wind when dried, easily walk with water when wet.When the direct as fertilizer sources of plant ash uses, also have quite a few nutrient not utilized by plant absorbing.Particularly plant ash alkalescence is strong, and utilization ratio is lower in alkaline soils.Have in a large number studies show that, trace element is under the alkaline condition of ash content among Ca, Fe, the Zn etc., and plant availability is extremely low.Because the plant ash nutrient form difference of different sorts plant and differing temps burning is large, and becomes invalid attitude more, directly uses as not adding processing, can not give full play to its fertilizer efficiency first, second may cause the crop detrimentally affect.These characteristics make plant ash be used for fertiliser production and are subject to great restriction.The plant ash quantity that China annual burning plant produces is very large, take biological power plant as example, with the ash that produces after the farming tangerine bar generating burning and the cigarette ash in the flue gas, annual output is very large, as not processing, then can cause atmospheric dust pollution, enter the water body such as lake, river and also can cause water to pollute.
China Patent Publication No. CN1189481A discloses a kind of method of utilizing plant ash, excrement ash etc. to produce high potassium clacium fertilizer.It is with plant ash, excrement ash, lime excrement, industrial salt, vitriolate of tartar, Repone K, urine, makes after stirring, grind, sieving.Its shortcoming is that the fertilizer that makes becomes salinity high, alkaline strong, and the most elements in the lime-ash (as: P, Si, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Mo etc.) is in stationary state and is difficult for utilization absorbed by crops, especially inapplicable in alkaline soils use.
Chinese patent CN200510095748.5 discloses a kind of manufacture method of plant straw ash multi-element fertilizer, the lime-ash that the method forms afterwards take straw burning, cracking, gasification is as main raw material, adding mineral waste acid solution, agricultural organic and/or composting reaction can produce the organic acid organic solid castoff makes raw material pH value drop to 6.0-7.5, fermentation reactor system reaction 1-10 days, be dried and crushed into the cakingagent of product or the rear 3-10% of adding of pulverizing, be a granulated into finished product fertilizer.Although the method makes lime-ash pH drop to neutrality, microbial bacteria content useful in the fertilizer is less, and original ash fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is short, easily run off, cause easily many disadvantages such as water pollution still not solve.
Furfural dregs is the by product that corn cob decomposes, and is discarded as industrial waste at present, contaminate environment.Furfural dregs pH value is about 1.90.Because it is acid that furfural dregs is, directly as fertilizer sources applies Tanaka, and farm crop can't absorb, and do not reach effect of increasing production.But it is the good raw material of making biological organic fertilizer, and main component is:
| Organic | Humic acids | Nitrogen | Phosphorus | Potassium | Free acid | The pH value |
| 76% | 11.5% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 1.18% | 1.27% | 3.0 |
The advantage of the making fertilizer of furfural dregs is: the one, and it is organic to increase the farmland, improves Soil structure.Furfural dregs is rich in organic matter and humic acids, can increase soil aggregate quantity after using, and strengthens soil permeability, improves soil physical and chemical property.The 2nd, regulate soil acidity or alkalinity, improve nutrient availability.Furfural dregs contains higher free acid, but the alkali radical ion in the alkaline soils such as neutralized salt alkaline earth, terra calcis and rice soil is regulated soil acidity or alkalinity, increases the positively charged ion validity such as calcium, magnesium, zinc.The 3rd, activating soil reduces and poisons.Furfural dregs contains more much higher contracting pentose through decomposition, is soil beneficial microorganism high-grade energy, can increase soil microbial activities after using, and alleviates the harm of heavy metal ion.Exactly because these good characteristics of furfural dregs, people use furfural dregs and plant ash to mix and make to make organic fertilizer.
Chinese patent CN201110372741.9 discloses a kind of method of producing fertilizer with biological power plant plant ash and furfural dregs, and it is to be made of following technique: collect the plant ash of furfural dregs, biological power plant, air-dry, making its water ratio is 15-20%; The plant ash of furfural dregs, biological power plant by weight 2.7-3: 2.2-2.5, is mixed, stir the stacking compacting, with plastics film or canvas cap seal, left standstill 24-36 hour, spread out, moisture content is removed in airing, making its moisture content is 8-10%, be ground into powder, making its granularity is 1-2mm, gets compound; With compound tablets press spray granulating, get finished product.The method utilizes the fertilizer of biological power plant plant ash and furfural dregs production can regulate Soil structure, and the improvement soil physical and chemical property promotes plant growth and increases output.But the fertilizer that the method makes remains single fertilizer, and the content of probiotics seldom in the fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of active organic fungi-manure, specifically, is a kind of active organic fungi-manure for preparing as raw material take the high agriculture and industry waste of plant ash, furfural dregs or other organic content.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned fertilizer.
A kind of active organic fungi-manure is characterized in that: take plant ash, be rich in organic agriculture and industry waste, mineral manure as raw material, disposablely continuously ferment, after the granulation, drying, screening, will make behind the bacterial classification of seed selection from above-mentioned raw materials by inoculation.
It is further, described that to be rich in organic agriculture and industry waste be one or several of furfural dregs, animal excrement, agricultural crop straw, active sludge.
Further, described bacterial classification is genus bacillus and yeast and filamentous fungus.
Further, described bacterial classification also comprise photosynthetic bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, actinomycetic one or several.
Further, described plant ash is the ashes behind the burning plants in the bio-power plant, and potassium content is 6%-12%.Described animal excrement are people and animals' ight soil, and machine matter content is generally greater than 14%.Described agricultural crop straw is the agricultural crop straws such as paddy rice, wheat, organic content average out to about 15%.Described active sludge is the mud that the municipal sewage plant processes sanitary sewage, and organic content is generally more than 50%.
Further, described furfural dregs is the biomass class waste that the poly-pentose composition hydrolysis production furfural in biomass class material such as corn cob, cornstalk, rice husk, cotton seed hulls and the agricultural byproducts processing tankage produces; Preferred organic content is greater than the furfural dregs more than 70%.
Further, wherein organic content is the 10%-50%(weight part), useful viable count is 0.20-0.65 hundred million strain/grams; Further preferred organic content is the 35%-45%(weight part), useful viable count is 0.60-0.65 hundred million strain/grams.Be that the described add-on that is rich in organic agriculture and industry waste is, making the weight part of the organic matter that contains in plant ash and the total mass that is rich in organic agriculture and industry waste is that 10-50% is advisable; If organic content is inadequate, can also further adds humic acid powder (containing 70% organic matter, water content 15%) and regulate organic content; The add-on of described strain liquid (viable count be 5,000,000,000 strains/more than the mL) is for guaranteeing that useful viable count is that 0.20-0.65 hundred million strain/grams are advisable in the fertilizer.
Further, described mineral manure is one or several of solubility nitrogenous fertilizer, solubility potash fertilizer, soluble phosphoric manure, for containing respectively the inorganic salt of N, P or K; Add-on is so that the total amount of N, P2O5 and K2O preferably accounts for the mass percent 6%-35% of described active organic fertilizer dry weight; Further preferred 16%-25%.Wherein, N, P
2O
5And K
2The total amount of O is the dried weight summation of full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium, and described full nitrogen is organonitrogen and inorganic nitrogen sum in the organic compost; Described full phosphorus is with P
2O
5Meter; Described full potassium is with K
2The O meter.
Further, described drying for the oven dry, its screening be 60 orders with top sieve, it is Powdered obtaining active organic fungi-manure.
Further, described drying is spraying drying or spray granulating, preferred spray granulating; The active organic fungi-manure granularity 3-5mm that obtains, hardness is 6-30N.
Further, described drying is the cylinder granulation, makes active organic fungi-manure be spherical by not stall of cylinder is moving, the active organic fungi-manure granularity 2-4.5mm that obtains, and hardness is 6-30N.
Because active bacteria liquid is just to mix after the organic fertilizer drying, can guarantee the impact of high temperature when probiotics is not subjected to drying, improves its survival rate, and the survival rate of microorganism is reached more than 95%.
Researchist of the present invention finds that some probioticses in the existing theory can not be given full play to its due effect in actual production, and this is because traditional theory can not be simulated the situation in the actual production fully, may exist very large error.In addition, the employed plant ash of this fertilizer, furfural dregs, animal excrement etc., its composition, deposition time, residing humidity, temperature conditions are widely different, if simply select bacterial classification according to traditional theory, are difficult to the effect that reaches desirable.For this reason, the contriver has expected choosing bacterial classification take existing theory as guidance from the raw material of actual production.Each environment has its specific microorganism species, only has the process competition of choosing from this environment, and the dominant bacteria that survival volume is large could guarantee effectively that the bacterial classification of selecting is more prone to survival in the fertilizer that makes with this raw material.
In addition, the kind of microbial bacteria is different, its characteristics, effect, and effect differs greatly after using, and the microbial bacteria function has single and multi-functional dividing.The microbial bacteria that used is used has vinelandii (root nodule bacterium), phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (bacillus megaterium, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, subtilis), and silicate bacteria is potassium solubilizing bacteria (colloid bacillus cereus) etc., function ratio is more single.Composite bacteria (not producing 2-3 bacterial strain of antagonistic action) has mutually collaborative action effect, uses separately a single class bacterial classification, all can not reach the effect of fertilizer of the present invention.When selecting microbial bacteria, when considering its functional characteristics, the essential resistance of considering employed microbial bacteria is namely selected high temperature resistance, resist drying, antiacid alkali, the strong microbial strains of anti-salt ability, and this is the key factor of composite microbiological fertilizer industrialization.Its function performance under laboratory condition of some bacterial classification is excellent, but mortality in fertiliser production or preservation process, survival rate is low, be difficult to after the use get a desired effect, therefore should consider selection from characteristics and the resistance of function when selecting microbial bacteria, the bacterial strain that its overall target is high is only outstanding composite microbiological fertilizer production and the bacterial classification of application.
Genus bacillus (Bacillaceae) is the section of bacterium, can form bacillus or the coccus of gemma (statospore).Comprise bacillus, Sporolactobacillus, fusobacterium, Desulfotomaculum and gemma Sarcina etc.The injurious factor resistibility is strong to external world for they, and it is wide to distribute, and is present in soil, water, air and animal intestinal etc. and locates.The effect of spore bud bacillus is: moisture retention is strong, forms the poly-Vetsin of the very good natural materials of intensity, is the protective membrane of soil, prevents fertile part and water loss; Organic matter decomposition power is strong, in the time of propagation, can disengage highly active amylase, and the macromolecular substance that difficulty is decomposed resolves into available small-molecule substance; Produce abundant metabolism resultant, the materials such as synthetic multiple organic acid, enzyme, physiologically active, and other multiple nutrient that is utilized easily; Antibacterial, the harmful power of going out is strong, has the advantage of taking up space, and suppresses the harmful microorganism growth and breedings such as harmful bacteria, pathogenic bacteria; Deodorizing can be decomposed the organic substance that produces foul gas, organic sulfide, organonitrogen etc., greatly improves the environment in place.Its characteristic is: metabolism is fast, breeding is fast, and propagation was 100,000 times in four hours, and the standard bacterium only can breed 6 times in four hours; Vitality is strong, without wet condition can low temperature resistant-60 ℃, high temperature resistant+280 ℃, anti-strong acid, anti-highly basic, antibiotic and sterilizing, anti-hyperoxia (having a liking for the oxygen breeding), lower oxygen concentration resistance (anaerobism breeding); Volume is large, large four times of the general pathogeny bacterium molecule of volume ratio, the advantage that takes up space, the growth and breeding of inhibition harmful bacteria.Because gemma has stronger resistibility to heat, drying, radiation, chemostefilant and other chemical factors, so one of target bacterial classification that genus bacillus is for we to be selected from the organism of producing fertilizer.
Yeast is a kind of unicellular fungi, can both survive under aerobic and oxygen-free environment, belongs to facultative anaerobe.In the situation of aerobic, it can become the sugar decomposition in the organic matter in carbonic acid gas and water, and when aerobic existed, Yeast Growth was very fast.Make starter with yeast and make ecological organic fertilier, have fermentation soon, ferment, can thermophilic fermentation, again can low temperature fermentation, greatly shorten Production Time, reduce the characteristics such as cost, so one of target bacterial classification that yeast is for we to be selected from the organism of producing fertilizer.
Filamentous fungus namely is mould.Mould is being commonly called as of filamentous fungus, and meaning i.e. " mouldy fungi ", and they often can form branch mycelium in great numbers, does not produce large-scale sporophore but do not resemble the mushroom.In the warm place of humidity, grow some macroscopic fine hair shapes, cotton-shaped or arachnoid bacterium colony on a lot of article, that is exactly mould.The spore of mould has little, light, dried, many, and the form color and luster is different, resting stage is long and the characteristics such as strong stress resistance, and the spore count that each individuality produces often is thousands of, sometimes unexpectedly reaches hundreds of hundred million, several hundred billion even more.These characteristics help mould to disseminate and breed at occurring in nature everywhere.The potassium of plant utilization is mainly from soil, but most potassium are that form with mineral K exists in the soil, are present in the aluminosilicate ore more, are difficult for directly being utilized by plant.Only having after mineral K changes available potassium into through physics, chemistry and organic weathering, just is the plants utilization.Filamentous fungus has extremely strong Decomposition to potassium-bearing mineral.One of target bacterial classification that so filamentous fungus is for we to be selected from the organism of producing fertilizer.
Photosynthetic bacterium (be called for short PSB) be occur the earliest on the earth, occurring in nature ubiquity, prokaryotic organism with original luminous energy synthetic system, it is the general name of under anaerobic not putting the photosynthetic bacterium of oxygen, be the Gram-negative bacteria that a class does not form the gemma ability, being a class carries out photosynthetic microorganism as the energy, the organism that can utilize occurring in nature under anaerobism illumination or aerobic dark condition, sulfide, ammonia etc. as the hydrogen donor carbon source of holding concurrently with light.The photosynthetic bacterium strong adaptability can be restrained oneself the organic waste water of high density, and the poisonous substances such as phenol, cyanogen are had certain standing and capacity of decomposition, has stronger decomposition and inversion ability.Photosynthetic bacterium can increase biological nitrogen fixation, improves rhizosphere fixed nitrogen effect, promotes soil fertility.In addition, photosynthetic bacterium also has certain effect to crop pest control aspect.One of photosynthetic bacterium target bacterial classification that to be us select from the organism of producing fertilizer.
Milk-acid bacteria refers to that the fermenting carbohydrate primary product is that a class of lactic acid is without the general name of gemma, gram-positive bacterium.Every bacterium that can produce lactic acid from the fermenting process of glucose or lactose is referred to as milk-acid bacteria.Milk-acid bacteria can reduce nitrate ion concentration in the soil, solves the acidification problem; Moisture is approximately 70% among the milk-acid bacteria cells in vivo, when a large amount of milk-acid bacteria is arranged, can keep soil moisture, and about 20% moisture keeps certain soil moisture in all right absorbing air of milk-acid bacteria simultaneously; Milk-acid bacteria contains sugar and lactic acid, thereby those a large amount of increases of quantity take microorganism and degradation production thereof as the soil microfauna (such as earthworm class, beetle) of food have been promoted, make the microecosystem of whole topsoil form the generation fundamental change, improved biological activity of soil and surge capability; The rapid breeding of effective microbe in soil and constantly additional suppressed invasion and attack and the development of pathogenic micro-organism in the soil; Suppress harmful microbe existence and breeding, alleviate and the insect pest of successive elimination soil-borne disease and continuous cropping obstacle; Without weedicide, can suppress and eliminate weeds: milk-acid bacteria can generate lactic acid and physiologically active substance, and lactic acid can make the kind skin deliquescing of weeds, makes it absorb easily moisture content, and is subjected to the impact of physiologically active substance and breaking dormancy; Strengthen the metabolic function of plant, improve photosynthesis, promote seed germination, well developed root system, prematurity, how solid.One of milk-acid bacteria target bacterial classification that to be us select from the organism of producing fertilizer.
Actinomycetes (Actinomycete) are procaryotic monoids.Great majority have flourishing branch mycelia.Actinomycetes are very close with human production and life relation, and the microbiotic about 70% of at present widespread use is that various actinomycetes produce.The thread actinomycetes of typical case mainly belong to streptomyces (Strephomyces) and micromonospora (Micromonospora) two classes.All belong to aerobic property heterotroph, can extensively utilize carbon containing and the nitrogenous compounds such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, protein, xylogen.Optimum pH is 6.8-7.5, and optimum temperuture is 25-30 ℃.The actinomycetes that detect in the agricultural land soil mainly are streptomyces.One of actinomycetes target bacterial classification that to be us select from the organism of producing fertilizer.
The application of the screening of bacterial strain and associating flora is the work that many scientists are endeavouring.The application of associating flora is the problem of a more complicated, can not think simply, and microorganism compound (or associating) is exactly a lot of bacterium mixed fermentations, or simple ferment rear mixing, combination.The seed selection of novel bacterial, transformation and restructuring, simple function be to multi-functional development (such as the unification of fertile medicine), with nutritive element or organic rationally compound etc.The development of biotechnology provides the foundation and possibility to restructuring, the transformation of bacterial strain.The contriver produces, gropes to find through practice, selects the highest above six kinds of bacteriums of content from the organism of producing fertilizer, as long as antagonism does not occur each other, just can bring into play good fertilizer efficiency, reaches the purpose of improving soil.
Contain in the complex microbial community fermented liquid in this active organic fungi-manure and comprise genus bacillus, molten potassium bacterium (such as filamentous fungus) etc., these floras are by producing various enzymes or acids, decompose inorganic phosphide and inorganic potassium salt (such as calcium phosphate, salt of wormwood) thereby reach, reach the purpose that discharges the phosphorus element.In addition, when composite flora acted on the plant ash raw material, potassium and micro-positively charged ion also were released, and recovered crumb structure with key bridge form, reached the purpose of eliminating soil compaction.Also have multiple with CO in the complex microbial community fermented liquid
2, carbonate is the autotrophic bacteria (such as photosynthetic bacterium) of unique or main carbon source, under the katalysis of self biological degradation of these autotrophic bacterias and flora secretory product, the water-soluble inorganic salt in the original ash content has formed K through a series of biological degradation combination reactions
4[Fe (CN)
6] etc. macromole polyacid type complex compound, multidentate ligand and various inner complex.The formation of these macromolecular structures has been eliminated original ash fertilizer fertilizer efficiency at one stroke and has been lacked, easily runs off, caused easily many disadvantages such as water pollution.In addition, the flora base fluid of complex microbial community fermented liquid is a kind of acidic cpd of complexity, and this acidic cpd can be improved the strong basicity of original ash content just, has expanded greatly the range of application of plant ash.In addition, the stalk ash content can adsorb the viable bacteria in the complex microbial community fermented liquid in a large number, countless places to stay is provided for these beneficial microorganisms.Inorganic salt a large amount of in the ash content are also particularly important to the cultivation effect of microorganism species, are mainly reflected in: the moiety that consists of cell; Moiety as enzyme; Keep the activity of enzyme; Regulate osmotic pressure, hydrogen ion concentration and the redox potential of cell; The energy as some autotrophic bacteria.This shows that composite thallus is bred growth by the nutrient in the degraded ash content, produce simultaneously the macromolecular cpd that is of value in a large number plant growth, reach a kind of effect of doulbe-sides' victory.
The preparation method of above-mentioned active organic fungi-manure comprises the steps:
A) with above-mentioned agriculture and industry waste, fully stir, mix;
B) mixture is stacked, keeping temperature is 65-75 ℃, water content is 67%-70%, the pH value is 8.0-9.0, turned over buttress once in every 2-4 days, and determined to turn over the buttress number of times depending on the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed, water content is stabilized in 10%-20% in buttress, temperature-stable 45-50 ℃, when PH drops to 6.5-6.9, digest process is finished;
C) said mixture is carried out drying, screening after, add strain liquid, when useful viable count in the mixture is 0.20-0.65 hundred million strains/gram, namely obtain finished product.
Further, described drying is oven dry, and its screening was that 60 orders are with top sieve.The finished product that obtains is Powdered.
Further, described drying is spraying drying or spray granulating, preferred spray granulating.The finished product that obtains is granular.
Further, described drying is the cylinder granulation.The finished product that obtain this moment is for block.
When turning over buttress further, step B), carry out the mensuration of the indexs such as temperature, water content, pH value, replenish raw material or water according to the situation of water content.
Further, the preparation process of described strain liquid is:
A) bacterial classification is selected: choose some samples from the raw material of making organic fungi-manure, isolate genus bacillus, yeast, filamentous fungus, photosynthetic bacterium, lactobacillus strain, the some strains of actinomycetes strain from above-mentioned sample;
By statistical study, the screening above-mentioned bacterial strains is determined the highest bacterial strain of usefulness as the core bacterial classification in each bacterial classification; Under the indoor cultivation condition, different strain is cultivated in same culture dish in twos, have or not antagonism between the observation, if find antagonism, then from its same class, select in addition strain culturing; By comparative observation test, genus bacillus, yeast and filamentous fungus respectively select a kind of and other bacterial classification not the antibionts bacterial classification as essential bacterial classification; Photosynthetic bacterium bacterial strain, lactic bacterium strains, actinomycetes strain respectively select a kind of and other bacterial classification not the antibionts bacterial classification as optional bacterial classification;
B) determine bacterial classification optimum inoculation amount and proportioning raw materials: according to extractum carnis 1.1%-2.0%, peptone 1.1%-2.0%, sodium-chlor 0.55%-0.65%, agar 2%-3%, all the other are the fundamental quantity of water, make minimum medium, the pH value of minimum medium is controlled at 6-8.5; One or more of access above-mentioned three kinds of essential bacterial classifications and optional bacterial classification in minimum medium are put into shaking table, and liquid amount is the 20%-50% of culture vessel volume, and shaking speed is 160-190 rev/min; According to each material in bacterial classification inoculation amount, the substratum fundamental quantity being set increases by 10%, increases by 20%, reduces 10% and reduce by 20% totally 4 ranks, changes the composition of each composition of substratum; Observe each strain growth situation, determine the ratio that each component is fit in the substratum, produce selective medium;
C) slant strains preparation: in selective medium, access respectively above-mentioned bacterial classification, place 28 ℃ of thermostat containers to cultivate 72h, place afterwards in the refrigerator and preserve, for subsequent use;
D) Kolle flask bacterial classification preparation: get Kolle flask several, be respectively charged into selective medium, a kind of slant strains of access in each Kolle flask after the sterilization places and cultivates 72h in the 36-45 ℃ of thermostat container, and is for subsequent use;
E) bacterial classification suspension preparation: the bacterial classification in the above-mentioned Kolle flask is added the 250mL sterilized water under aseptic condition, make suspension; Suspension in the Kolle flask is poured in the aseptic decompression bottle, be bacterial classification suspension after the wrapping;
F) primary seed solution preparation: in the primary seed solution with above-mentioned suspension access sterilization in the decompression bottle, at 36-45 ℃ of bottom fermentation 20h, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, and stirring velocity is 150-250 rev/min; The weight ratio of selective medium is 50%-60% in the described primary seed solution, and all the other are above-mentioned various bacterial classification suspension;
G) organic bacterium solution preparation: in fermentor tank, inject selective medium, above-mentioned seed liquor is accessed fermentor tank according to the ratio that accounts for selective medium weight 10%-12%, at the 36-45 ℃ of lower 72h that cultivates, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, and stirring velocity is 150-250 rev/min; When bacteria containing amount reaches viable count 5,000,000,000 strains/more than the mL, be organic bacterium liquid.
Further, the step that between step F and step G, also comprises the secondary seed solution preparation, the step of described secondary seed solution preparation is, injects fermentor tank add the dregs of beans, 10% sawdust of potassium primary phosphate, the 4.0%-5.0% of sucrose, 0.3% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, the 0.16%-0.20% of starch, the 0.5%-0.7% of 0.3%-0.5% in selective medium after; Inoculation selective medium weight ratio is the primary seed solution of 2%-5%; Temperature is controlled at 36-45 ℃, and mixing speed 150-180 rev/min, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, ferments and makes secondary seed solution after 24 hours.Increase this step, it is numerous to help active bacterium to expand.
Further, in the described step F, in the decompression bottle, the bacterial classification suspension access amount of genus bacillus, yeast and filamentous fungus accounts for respectively 30%-50%, 15%-25%, the 15%-25% of total bacterial classification suspension access amount.Essential bacterial classification advantage is bred.
Further, in the described step F, when in the decompression bottle, accessing suspension, access first the suspension of essential bacterial classification, access again the suspension of optional bacterial classification after cultivation for some time.Essential bacterial classification is preferentially bred.
Use the inventive method, not only can consume a large amount of discarded agriculture and industry wastes that contain organic matter, reduced environmental pollution, can also be in arviculture and urban afforestation process, solve owing to use chemical fertilizer year after year, cause soil compaction, fertilizer efficiency day to subtract, the problem of contaminate environment is for agriculture production provides the new source of manure.For the such large agricultural country of China, fertilizer has huge market, and its application can progressively change the undesirable condition that the agricultural land organic content is low, soil fertility is poor.Operational path of the present invention is ripe, and one-time investment is few, meets the industry policy that country turns waste into wealth.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
From 100 in the furfural dregs that will produce fertilizer, organic substance sample that the plant ash collection contains specified microorganisms, isolate genus bacillus 56 strains, yeast 132 strains, photosynthetic bacteria 27 strains, actinomycetes 18 strains, milk-acid bacteria 23 strains, filamentous fungus 18 strains.By statistical study, from all kinds of bacterial classifications, determine the good bacterial strain of 16 strains.16 kinds of alternative bacterial strains are sorted out according to genus bacillus, yeast, actinomycetes and filamentous fungus, photosynthetic bacteria and milk-acid bacteria, at first in each class, selected the highest bacterial strain of usefulness as the core bacterial classification.Under the indoor cultivation condition, different strain is cultivated in same culture dish in twos, have or not antagonism between the observation, if find antagonism, then from its same class, select in addition strain culturing.By the comparative observation test, determine that genus bacillus, yeast and filamentous fungus are the essentially consist bacterial classification of bio-fermentation agent, other 1 strain photosynthetic bacteria bacterial strain, 1 strains of lactic acid bacteria bacterial strain and 1 strain actinomycetes strain are the composition bacterial classification of product, product contains 6 bacterial classifications altogether.
At laboratory simulation plant produced fermenting process, each factor of impact fermentation is tested one by one, determine to be fit to every kind of beneficial microorganism optimal culture conditions.According to extractum carnis 1.1%-2.0%, peptone 1.1%-2.0%, sodium-chlor 0.55%-0.65%, agar 2%-3%, all the other are the fundamental quantity of water, make minimum medium, and the pH value of minimum medium is controlled at 6-8.5; One or more of access above-mentioned three kinds of essential bacterial classifications and optional bacterial classification in minimum medium are put into shaking table, and liquid amount is the 20-50% of culture vessel volume, and shaking speed is 160-190 rev/min; According to each material in bacterial classification inoculation amount, the substratum fundamental quantity being set increases by 10%, increases by 20%, reduces 10% and reduce by 20% totally 4 ranks, changes the composition of each composition of substratum; Observe each strain growth situation, determine the ratio that each component is fit in the substratum, produce selective medium.Under normal circumstances, genus bacillus is equal energy normal growth in 20-50 ℃ of scope, and saccharomycetic growth temperature range is at 10-50 ℃, and the growth temperature of actinomycetes and filamentous fungus is at 20-70 ℃.Also can in each growth temperature range, dwindle the thermograde test, determine its best temperature of cultivating.
The slant strains preparation.In selective medium, access respectively above-mentioned bacterial classification, place 28 ℃ of thermostat containers to cultivate 72h, place afterwards in the refrigerator and preserve, for subsequent use;
Kolle flask bacterial classification preparation: get Kolle flask several, be respectively charged into selective medium, a kind of slant strains of access in each Kolle flask after the sterilization places and cultivates 72h in the 36-45 ℃ of thermostat container, and is for subsequent use.
Bacterial classification suspension preparation: the bacterial classification in the above-mentioned Kolle flask is added the 250mL sterilized water under aseptic condition, make suspension; Suspension in the Kolle flask is poured in the aseptic decompression bottle, be bacterial classification suspension after the wrapping.
The primary seed solution preparation: in the primary seed solution with above-mentioned suspension access sterilization in the decompression bottle, at 36-45 ℃ of bottom fermentation 20h, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, and stirring velocity is 150-250 rev/min; The weight ratio of selective medium is 50%-60% in the described primary seed solution, and all the other are above-mentioned various bacterial classification suspension.
Organic bacterium solution preparation: in fermentor tank, inject selective medium, above-mentioned seed liquor is accessed fermentor tank according to the ratio that accounts for selective medium weight 10%-12%, at the 36-45 ℃ of lower 72h that cultivates, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, and stirring velocity is 150-250 rev/min; When bacteria containing amount reaches viable count 5,000,000,000 strains/more than the mL, be strain liquid.
Measure for example organic content in plant ash, the furfural dregs of raw materials for production, estimation contain in the mixture weight ratio be 20% organic the time needs raw material quantity, after estimating the quantity of needed mineral manure when accounting for mixture dry weight ratio 16% of full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium it is added mixture, fully stir, after mixing.Mixture is stacked, and stacking requires wide 4m, high 2m.Keeping temperature is 65-75 ℃, and water content is 67%-70%, and the pH value is 8.0-9.0.Turn over buttress once in per 3 days, and detected the indexs such as content of microorganisms, pH value, temperature, water content, organic content, in mixture, add entry, furfural dregs, plant ash depending on practical situation, determine to turn over the buttress number of times depending on temperature in the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed or the buttress.When the buttress in water content be stabilized in 10%-20%, temperature-stable 45-50 ℃, when PH drops to 6.5-6.9, digest process is finished.At this moment, mixture is with earth temperature, and stink is eliminated.
After said mixture carried out drying, screening, add strain liquid, when useful viable count in the mixture is 0.20-0.65 hundred million strains/gram, namely obtain finished product.Described drying is spraying drying or spray granulating, preferred spray granulating; The active organic fungi-manure granularity 3-5mm that obtains, hardness is 6-30N.The product of the active organic fungi-manure system that obtains, after testing, product index reaches the requirement of relevant criterion, and some index is far superior to standard.The product index detection case sees the following form:
Embodiment 2.
From the active sludge of producing fertilizer, feces of livestock and poultry, plant ash, agricultural crop straw, gather 100 in the organic substance sample that contains specified microorganisms, isolate genus bacillus 52 strains, yeast 112 strains, photosynthetic bacteria 26 strains, actinomycetes 20 strains, milk-acid bacteria 25 strains, filamentous fungus 20 strains.By statistical study, from all kinds of bacterial classifications, determine the good bacterial strain of 24 strains.24 kinds of alternative bacterial strains are sorted out according to genus bacillus, yeast, actinomycetes and filamentous fungus, photosynthetic bacteria and milk-acid bacteria, at first in each class, selected the highest bacterial strain of usefulness as the core bacterial classification.Under the indoor cultivation condition, different strain is cultivated in same culture dish in twos, have or not antagonism between the observation, if find antagonism, then from its same class, select in addition strain culturing.By the comparative observation test, determine that genus bacillus, yeast and filamentous fungus are the essentially consist bacterial classification of bio-fermentation agent, other 1 strain photosynthetic bacteria bacterial strain, 1 strains of lactic acid bacteria bacterial strain, product contains 5 bacterial classifications altogether.
At laboratory simulation plant produced fermenting process, each factor of impact fermentation is tested one by one, determine to be fit to every kind of beneficial microorganism optimal culture conditions.Utilize hypermetabolism flux distribution technology screening high-effective microorganism microbial inoculum, adopt orthogonal test and response surface method to determine bacterial classification optimum inoculation amount and proportioning raw materials, specific practice is: according to extractum carnis 1.1%-2.0%, peptone 1.1%-2.0%, sodium-chlor 0.55%-0.65%, agar 2%-3%, all the other are the fundamental quantity of water, make minimum medium, the pH value of minimum medium is controlled at 6-8.5; One or more of access above-mentioned three kinds of essential bacterial classifications and optional bacterial classification in minimum medium are put into shaking table, and liquid amount is the 20-50% of culture vessel volume, and shaking speed is 160-190 rev/min; According to each material in bacterial classification inoculation amount, the substratum fundamental quantity being set increases by 10%, increases by 20%, reduces 10% and reduce by 20% totally 4 ranks, changes the composition of each composition of substratum; Observe each strain growth situation, determine the ratio that each component is fit in the substratum, produce selective medium.Under normal circumstances, genus bacillus is equal energy normal growth in 20-50 ℃ of scope, and saccharomycetic growth temperature range is at 10-50 ℃, and the growth temperature of actinomycetes and filamentous fungus is at 20-70 ℃.Also can in each growth temperature range, dwindle the thermograde test, determine its best temperature of cultivating.Hypermetabolism flux distribution technology refers to a kind of quantitative analysis method with the lower intramicellar reaction of stoichiometric matrix model representation quasi-stable state hypothesis.In its supposition certain hour, the concentration of mesostate is constant in the born of the same parents, according to the base consumption speed or the product formation rate that record in each quantitative relation that reacts and the experiment in the pathways metabolism, determine unknown speed of reaction based on mass balance and possible energy balance, and then the flux distribution diagram of definite metabolism network.Metabolic flux analysis is accurate quantitative description metabolic characteristic not only, can also provide some more deep information of some thalline physiology aspects.By the relatively variation of metabolic flux, we just can give on the impact of h and E disturbance sufficient evaluation, and can describe accurately the importance of particular approach and reaction.It is multifactor another the multilevel method of design of research that orthogonal test is again orthogonal experimental design (Orthogonal experimental design), it is to pick out the representational point of part according to orthogonality from comprehensive test to test, these representational points have possessed the characteristics of " Uniform Dispersion; neat comparable ", and orthogonal experimental design is the main method of fraction Factorial Design.A kind of high-level efficiency, quick, economic experimental design method.The horizontal combination that Japanese famous statistician field mouth profound is selected orthogonal test is tabulating, is called orthogonal table.Response surface refers to be similar to implicit limit state function by a series of determinacy experiments with polynomial function.By reasonably choosing test point and iterative strategy, guarantee that polynomial function can converge at probability of failure the probability of failure of real implicit limit state function.
The slant strains preparation.In selective medium, access respectively above-mentioned bacterial classification, place 28 ℃ of thermostat containers to cultivate 72h, place afterwards in the refrigerator and preserve, for subsequent use;
Kolle flask bacterial classification preparation: get Kolle flask several, be respectively charged into selective medium, a kind of slant strains of access in each Kolle flask after the sterilization places and cultivates 72h in the 36-45 ℃ of thermostat container.
Bacterial classification suspension preparation: the bacterial classification in the above-mentioned Kolle flask is added the 250mL sterilized water under aseptic condition, make suspension; Suspension in the Kolle flask is poured in the aseptic decompression bottle, be bacterial classification suspension after the wrapping.Account for respectively 30%-50%, 15%-25%, the 15%-25% of total bacterial classification suspension access amount in the bacterial classification suspension access amount of decompression bottle genus bacillus, yeast and filamentous fungus.The access bacterial classification is the bacterial classification suspension that accesses first genus bacillus, yeast and filamentous fungus, cultivates the suspension that accessed again later other bacterial classifications in 8 hours.
The primary seed solution preparation: in the primary seed solution with above-mentioned suspension access sterilization in the decompression bottle, at 36-45 ℃ of bottom fermentation 20h, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, and stirring velocity is 150-250 rev/min; The weight ratio of selective medium is 50%-60% in the described primary seed solution, and all the other are above-mentioned various bacterial classification suspension.
Secondary seed solution preparation: inject fermentor tank after in selective medium, adding the dregs of beans, 10% sawdust of potassium primary phosphate, the 4.0-5.0% of sucrose, 0.3% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, the 0.16-0.20% of starch, the 0.5-0.7% of 0.3-0.5%; Inoculation selective medium weight ratio is the primary seed solution of 2%-5%; Temperature is controlled at 36-45 ℃, and mixing speed 150-180 rev/min, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, ferments and makes secondary seed solution after 24 hours.
Organic bacterium solution preparation: in fermentor tank, inject selective medium, above-mentioned seed liquor is accessed fermentor tank according to the ratio that accounts for selective medium weight 10%-12%, at the 36-45 ℃ of lower 72h that cultivates, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, and stirring velocity is 150-250 rev/min; When bacteria containing amount reaches viable count 5,000,000,000 strains/more than the mL, be strain liquid.
Measure for example organic content in plant ash, the furfural dregs of raw materials for production, estimation contain in the mixture weight ratio be 20% organic the time needs raw material quantity, after estimating the quantity of needed mineral manure when accounting for mixture dry weight ratio 30% of full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium it is added mixture, fully stir, after mixing.Mixture is stacked, and stacking requires wide 4m, high 2m.Keeping temperature is 65-75 ℃, and water content is 67-70%, and the pH value is 8.0-9.0.Turn over buttress once in per 2 days, and detected the indexs such as content of microorganisms, pH value, temperature, water content, organic content, in mixture, add entry, furfural dregs, plant ash depending on practical situation, determine to turn over the buttress number of times depending on temperature in the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed or the buttress.When the buttress in water content be stabilized in 10-20%, temperature-stable 45-50 ℃, when PH drops to 6.5-6.9, digest process is finished.At this moment, mixture is with earth temperature, and stink is eliminated.Mixture is carried out the cylinder granulation, make mixture be spherical by not stall of cylinder is moving.After mixture sieved, add strain liquid, when useful viable count in the mixture is 0.20-0.65 hundred million strains/gram, namely obtain finished product.The active organic fungi-manure granularity 2-4.5mm that obtains, hardness is 6-30N.
Embodiment 3.Zymotechnique is identical with embodiment 2.After digest process is finished, mixture is dried, after oven dry is finished, cross 60 mesh sieves.After screening is finished, add strain liquid, when useful viable count in the mixture is 0.20-0.65 hundred million strains/gram, namely obtain finished product.Finally obtain pulverous active organic fungi-manure.
Claims (20)
1. active organic fungi-manure is characterized in that: take plant ash, be rich in organic agriculture and industry waste, mineral manure as raw material, disposablely continuously ferment, after the granulation, drying, screening, will make behind the bacterial classification of seed selection from above-mentioned raw materials by inoculation.
2. active organic fungi-manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described to be rich in organic agriculture and industry waste be one or several of furfural dregs, animal excrement, agricultural crop straw, active sludge.
3. active organic fungi-manure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bacterial classification is genus bacillus and yeast and filamentous fungus.
4. active organic fungi-manure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described bacterial classification also comprise photosynthetic bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, actinomycetic one or several.
5. active organic fungi-manure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described plant ash is the ashes behind the burning plants in the bio-power plant, and potassium content is 6%-12%.
6. active organic fungi-manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described furfural dregs is that the biomass class waste that furfural produces is produced in the poly-pentose composition hydrolysis in biomass class material such as corn cob, cornstalk, rice husk, cotton seed hulls and the agricultural byproducts processing tankage; Preferred organic content is greater than the furfural dregs more than 70%.
7. according to claim 1 to the described active organic fungi-manure of 6 any claims, it is characterized in that: wherein organic content is the 10%-50%(weight part), useful viable count is 0.20-0.65 hundred million strain/grams; Further preferred organic content is the 35%-45%(weight part), useful viable count is 0.60-0.65 hundred million strain/grams.
8. according to claim 1 to the described active organic fungi-manure of 6 any claims, it is characterized in that: described mineral manure is one or several of solubility nitrogenous fertilizer, solubility potash fertilizer, soluble phosphoric manure, for containing respectively the inorganic salt of N, P or K; Add-on is so that the total amount of N, P2O5 and K2O preferably accounts for the mass percent 6%-35% of described active organic fertilizer dry weight; Further preferred 16%-25%.
9. according to claim 1 to the described active organic fungi-manure of 6 any claims, it is characterized in that: described drying for the oven dry, its screening be 60 orders with top sieve, it is Powdered obtaining active organic fungi-manure.
10. according to claim 1 to the described active organic fungi-manure of 6 any claims, it is characterized in that: described drying is spraying drying or spray granulating, preferred spray granulating; The active organic fungi-manure granularity 3-5mm that obtains, hardness is 6-30N.
11. according to claim 1 to the described active organic fungi-manure of 6 any claims, it is characterized in that: described drying is the cylinder granulation, make active organic fungi-manure be spherical by not stall of cylinder is moving, the active organic fungi-manure granularity 2-4.5mm that obtains, hardness is 6-30N.
12. to the preparation method of the described active organic fungi-manure of 11 any claims, it is characterized in that according to claim 1, comprise the steps:
A) with above-mentioned agriculture and industry waste, fully stir, mix;
B) mixture is stacked, keeping temperature is 65-75 ℃, water content is 67%-70%, the pH value is 8.0-9.0, turned over buttress once in every 2-4 days, and determined to turn over the buttress number of times depending on the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed, water content is stabilized in 10%-20% in buttress, temperature-stable 45-50 ℃, when PH drops to 6.5-6.9, digest process is finished;
C) said mixture is carried out drying, screening after, add strain liquid, when useful viable count in the mixture is 0.20-0.65 hundred million strains/gram, namely obtain finished product.
13. the preparation method of active organic fungi-manure according to claim 12 is characterized in that: described drying is oven dry, and its screening was that 60 orders are with top sieve.
14. the preparation method of active organic fungi-manure according to claim 12 is characterized in that: described drying is spraying drying or spray granulating, preferred spray granulating.
15. the preparation method of active organic fungi-manure according to claim 12 is characterized in that: described drying is the cylinder granulation.
16. the preparation method of active organic fungi-manure according to claim 12 is characterized in that: when turning over buttress step B), carry out the mensuration of the indexs such as temperature, water content, pH value, replenish raw material or water according to the situation of water content.
17. to the preparation method of the described active organic fungi-manure of 16 any claims, it is characterized in that the preparation process of described strain liquid is according to claim 12:
A) bacterial classification is selected: choose some samples from the raw material of making organic fungi-manure, isolate genus bacillus, yeast, filamentous fungus, photosynthetic bacterium, lactobacillus strain, the some strains of actinomycetes strain from above-mentioned sample;
By statistical study, the screening above-mentioned bacterial strains is determined the highest bacterial strain of usefulness as the core bacterial classification in each bacterial classification; Under the indoor cultivation condition, different strain is cultivated in same culture dish in twos, have or not antagonism between the observation, if find antagonism, then from its same class, select in addition strain culturing; By comparative observation test, genus bacillus, yeast and filamentous fungus respectively select a kind of and other bacterial classification not the antibionts bacterial classification as essential bacterial classification; Photosynthetic bacterium bacterial strain, lactic bacterium strains, actinomycetes strain respectively select a kind of and other bacterial classification not the antibionts bacterial classification as optional bacterial classification;
B) determine bacterial classification optimum inoculation amount and proportioning raw materials: according to extractum carnis 1.1%-2.0%, peptone 1.1%-2.0%, sodium-chlor 0.55%-0.65%, agar 2%-3%, all the other are the fundamental quantity of water, make minimum medium, the pH value of minimum medium is controlled at 6-8.5; One or more of access above-mentioned three kinds of essential bacterial classifications and optional bacterial classification in minimum medium are put into shaking table, and liquid amount is the 20%-50% of culture vessel volume, and shaking speed is 160-190 rev/min; According to each material in bacterial classification inoculation amount, the substratum fundamental quantity being set increases by 10%, increases by 20%, reduces 10% and reduce by 20% totally 4 ranks, changes the composition of each composition of substratum; Observe each strain growth situation, determine the ratio that each component is fit in the substratum, produce selective medium;
C) slant strains preparation: in selective medium, access respectively above-mentioned bacterial classification, place 28 ℃ of thermostat containers to cultivate 72h, place afterwards in the refrigerator and preserve, for subsequent use;
D) Kolle flask bacterial classification preparation: get Kolle flask several, be respectively charged into selective medium, a kind of slant strains of access in each Kolle flask after the sterilization places and cultivates 72h in the 36-45 ℃ of thermostat container, and is for subsequent use;
E) bacterial classification suspension preparation: the bacterial classification in the above-mentioned Kolle flask is added the 250mL sterilized water under aseptic condition, make suspension; Suspension in the Kolle flask is poured in the aseptic decompression bottle, be bacterial classification suspension after the wrapping;
F) primary seed solution preparation: in the primary seed solution with above-mentioned suspension access sterilization in the decompression bottle, at 36-45 ℃ of bottom fermentation 20h, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, and stirring velocity is 150-250 rev/min; The weight ratio of selective medium is 50%-60% in the described primary seed solution, and all the other are above-mentioned various bacterial classification suspension;
G) organic bacterium solution preparation: in fermentor tank, inject selective medium, above-mentioned seed liquor is accessed fermentor tank according to the ratio that accounts for selective medium weight 10%-12%, at the 36-45 ℃ of lower 72h that cultivates, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, and stirring velocity is 150-250 rev/min; When bacteria containing amount reaches viable count 5,000,000,000 strains/more than the mL, be organic bacterium liquid.
18. the preparation method of active organic fungi-manure as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that: the step that between step F and step G, also comprises the secondary seed solution preparation, the step of described secondary seed solution preparation is, injects fermentor tank add the dregs of beans, 10% sawdust of potassium primary phosphate, the 4.0%-5.0% of sucrose, 0.3% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, the 0.16%-0.20% of starch, the 0.5%-0.7% of 0.3%-0.5% in selective medium after; Inoculation selective medium weight ratio is the primary seed solution of 2%-5%; Temperature is controlled at 36-45 ℃, and mixing speed 150-180 rev/min, air flow and liquid volume ratio are 0.5-1.0, ferments and makes secondary seed solution after 24 hours.
19. the preparation method of active organic fungi-manure as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that: in the described step F, in the decompression bottle, the bacterial classification suspension access amount of genus bacillus, yeast and filamentous fungus accounts for respectively 30%-50%, 15%-25%, the 15%-25% of total bacterial classification suspension access amount.
20. the preparation method of active organic fungi-manure as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that: in the described step F, when in the decompression bottle, accessing suspension, access first the suspension of essential bacterial classification, access again the suspension of optional bacterial classification after cultivation for some time.
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