CN106083313A - A kind of composite microbiological fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of composite microbiological fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106083313A CN106083313A CN201610402872.XA CN201610402872A CN106083313A CN 106083313 A CN106083313 A CN 106083313A CN 201610402872 A CN201610402872 A CN 201610402872A CN 106083313 A CN106083313 A CN 106083313A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
nullA kind of composite microbiological fertilizer,It is characterized in that,It is by vegetable garden soil 25%~35wt%、Active function bacterium 5%~10wt%、Mineral powder 5%~15wt% and fertilizer 25%~30wt%,Inorganic composite fertilizer 15%~20wt% water is prepared from,Each component sum is 100%,Active function bacterium includes lactic acid bacteria、Bacillus subtilis、Bacillus megaterium、Trichoderma spp.、Aspergillus niger、Monascus、Trichoderma harzianum、Microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast,Mineral powder is the peat composed of rotten mosses、Zeolite、Vermiculitum、Montmorillonite、Calcium carbonate、One or more mixture in expanded perlite,Fineness≤200 mesh of mineral powder,Described fertilizer contains the muck become thoroughly decomposed、Rapeseed cake fertilizer、Straw,Described muck、Rapeseed cake fertilizer is 5.5~7.5: 2.5~3.5: 0.5~1.5 with the weight ratio of straw.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, particularly relate to a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Composite microbiological fertilizer nutrient is comprehensive, it is possible to improvement soil, improves the soil compaction using chemical fertilizer to cause.Change
Kind soil physical and chemical property, strengthens soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation, the ability of fertilizer.Beneficial microbe in composite microbiological fertilizer enters
Form mutual symbiosis Relationship With Proliferation after soil with Soil Microorganism, suppression harmful bacteria grows and is converted into probiotics, phase
Interaction, mutually promotes, and plays the synergism of colony, and probiotics produces substantial amounts of metabolite during growth and breeding,
Promote organic decomposition and inversion, directly or indirectly can provide multiple nutrients and pungent for crop, promote and regulate and control to make
Thing grows.Improve soil porosity, penetrating commutativity and plant survival rate, increase probiotics and soil microorganism.Meanwhile, exist
Advantage probiotics group energy suppression harmful pathogen procreation that crop root is formed, strengthens the degeneration-resistant resistance against diseases of crop, reduces continuous cropping
The disease index of crop, uses year after year and can significantly alleviate continuous cropping obstacle.Reduce environmental pollution, to people, animal, Environmental security, nontoxic,
It it is a kind of environment-friendly type fertilizer.
Composite microbiological fertilizer is to seek physiological principle, with multifunctional microbial according to rhizosphere soil microecology and plant
Active bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, B. mucilaginocus) is core, organic as carrier with fertilizer type, then is equipped with a small amount of inorganic
Having that nutrient and trace element process is pollution-free, nuisanceless, be suitable to produce pollution-free food new-type fertilizer.This novel
Fertilizer can draw to crop rhizosphere soils be again implanted with beneficial microorganism dominant group to crops fertilizer, reaches fertilize the soil strong sprout, rush
Biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion disease and the purpose of good quality and high output.According to the requirement of Ministry of Agriculture's composite microbiological fertilizer industry standard (NY/T798-2004),
Living bacteria count amount have to be larger than 2,000 ten thousand/gram, total nutrient (N+P2O5+K2O) have to be larger than 6%.Ensure high viable count
Amount, the support material accounting for formula for a product ratio 70%-80% is the principal element affecting number of viable.Produce multiple in the market
Close microbial manure product and mainly have a following problem:
1, mainly utilize the peat composed of rotten mosses or humic acids as organic carrier.Containing substantial amounts of organic matter in the peat composed of rotten mosses and humic acids, C/N
Than the conditions of existence meeting microorganism, it is possible to ensure the number of viable of microorganism.But the peat composed of rotten mosses and humic acids belong to mineral, by state
The restriction of family's resource, a large amount of exploitations can destroy ecology, and execute and be difficult to dissolve in soil, and organic matter therein and humic acids are very
Difficulty, by crop utilization, affects fertilizer efficiency, and the price of the peat composed of rotten mosses and humic acids goes up the most year by year simultaneously, and the production cost of product is also year by year
Improve.
2, product forms is mainly based on powdery.Owing to composite microbiological fertilizer containing viable bacteria, the baking in granulation process
Do and number of viable is had a great impact, and owing to the peat composed of rotten mosses and humic acids belong to mineral state Organic Ingredients, more indissoluble after pelletize
Solving, grain affects quality and the effect of product.But a lot of local arable land the in the north belongs to machine sowing, and powder product cannot use, so not
Granulating, directly influences using in a large number and promoting of product.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide and a kind of does not affect bioactive Particles dispersed microbial manure
Production method, provides the new raw material for producing composite microbiological fertilizer of a kind of safety and environmental protection simultaneously, and the method produces
Composite microbiological fertilizer product quality can reach " composite microbe fertilizer " agricultural standard (NY/T798-2004), and dissolubility
Good.
The technical scheme is that a kind of composite microbiological fertilizer is characterized in that, it by vegetable garden soil 25%~
35wt%, active function bacterium 5%~10wt%, mineral powder 5%~15wt% and fertilizer 25%~30wt%, inorganic compounding
Fertile 15%~20wt% water is prepared from, and each component sum is 100%, active function bacterium include lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis,
Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma spp., aspergillus niger, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, mineral powder is the peat composed of rotten mosses, boiling
One or more mixture in stone, Vermiculitum, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, expanded perlite, the fineness of mineral powder≤
200 mesh, described fertilizer contain become thoroughly decomposed muck, rapeseed cake fertilizer, straw, the weight ratio of described muck, rapeseed cake fertilizer and straw
It is 5.5~7.5: 2.5~3.5: 0.5~1.5;Described inorganic composite fertilizer component contain carbamide 10~20wt%, calcium superphosphate 10~
15wt%, potassium sulfate 25~30wt%, potassium nitrate 25~30wt%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10~15wt%, humic acid 10~20wt%,
Each component sum is 100%.
The preparation method of described composite microbiological fertilizer, it is characterised in that: by material-water ratio 100: 35, raw material stirring is uniform,
Then play heap, allow raw material be saturated with moisture;The most each component ratio be vegetable garden soil 25%~35wt%, mineral powder 5%~
15wt% and fertilizer combination 25%~30wt%, inorganic composite fertilizer combination 15%~20wt%, solid spawn is added water meanwhile
Stir into pasty state and activate 3~4h, the strain of activation being added in raw material, and turning is mixed thoroughly repeatedly, stacking and to cover plastics thin
Film, when stockpile temperature reaches 50 DEG C, i.e. carries out turning for the first time, once every 3d turning, fermentation 10~12d, fermentation 10 later
~after 12d days, the active function bacterium mycopowder of fertilizer composition weight 4%~6% that will be equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed joins having of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Machine fertilizer component proceeds solid fermentation, after mixing, adds the fertilizer composition weight 0.5%~1% that is equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed
Borax, the ammonium molybdate of 0.2%~0.5%, regulation water content, to 32-38wt%, carries out secondary compost fermentation, when temperature reaches 50
More than DEG C, starting turning, turning is every day 2~3 times, until temperature is down to 40 DEG C, stops turning, proceed to after-ripening groove after-ripening 3~
5 days, then using biological organic fertilizer special low temperature comminutor to carry out pelletize, then carry out negative pressure drying, after cooling, sieve takes particle diameter 1mm
~the granule of 4.75mm, send into feed bin mixing, obtain composite microbiological fertilizer.
Preferably, the preparation process of described solid spawn is: by lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, wood
Mould, aspergillus niger, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast use industrial fermentation tank the most individually to ferment, operation
Step and process conditions are:
A. the preparation of basal medium: soybean with water boils 30min, is settled to after filtration;
B. prepared by lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus megaterium culture medium: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 1g, albumen
Peptone 2g, sodium chloride 1g, glucose 3g, basal medium 200mL, pH 7.5,
C. prepared by Trichoderma spp., aspergillus niger, monascus, yeast culture medium: glucose 7g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4g, peptone 2g,
Magnesium sulfate 0.2g, basal medium 400mL, pH 6.5, after prepared by culture medium, autoclave sterilization 30min, accesses phase after cooling
Answer strain, will be equipped with flat bottle sterilizing 30 minutes under the conditions of 121 DEG C of culture medium before inoculation, after inoculation under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C
Cultivate 30~48h, be made into spore liquid, inoculate for seed tank with the inoculum concentration of percent by volume 5%;
D. seed tank fermentation: first by first class seed pot sterilizing, loads sterilizing again after seed tank fermentation medium, is cooled to 30
DEG C, spore liquid is accessed in culture fluid, fermentation tank inoculation after, under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C cultivate 36~48 hours, ventilation 1~
2Vols/vol min, oxygen content 30~40%;, obtain first class seed pot zymocyte liquid;Secondary seed tank is gone out at 121 DEG C
Bacterium 30min, loads sterilizing again after culture medium, is cooled to 30 DEG C, by first class seed pot fermentation liquid by volume percentage ratio 5%~8%
Inoculum concentration accesses secondary seed tank, is passed through filtrated air and stirring is cultivated, obtain secondary seed tank zymocyte liquid;Fermentation liquid contains
Brood cell's number every milliliter of living reaches more than 5,000,000,000, and brood cell's ratio puts tank when reaching more than 95%, pH value 7.0-8.0, without living contaminants.
Preferably, described seed tank fermentation medium component is: Testa oryzae 10%~15wt%, Semen Glycines 25%~35wt%,
White sugar 20%~30wt%, fish flour 15%~20wt%, carbamide 5%~10wt%, trace element 5%~10wt%, yeast powder
15%~25wt%, mannitol 2%~5wt%, K2HPO4 1%~6wt%, KH2PO41%~6wt%, MgSO4 7H2O
1~6wt% and water, each component sum is 100%.
Preferably, the preparation of fertilizer combination: by cicken feces dried, rapeseed cake, straw after screening, pulverizing, by weight
Ratio mix homogeneously than 6:3:1, proceeds to large-sized solid compost groove, and regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio is to 20~30, and regulation water content is extremely
50wt%, adds convention amount organic matter decomposing inoculant, carries out compost, when heap temperature reaches more than 50 DEG C, starts turning ventilation,
Turning is every day 2-3 time, during until temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, stops turning, and the fertilizer obtaining becoming thoroughly decomposed combines.
Lactic acid bacteria has suppression soil harmful bacteria breeding, stimulates probiotics to grow, prevent the function of soil-borne disease, and it can also
Produce compound enzyme, promote lignin, the degraded of cellulose, increase the soil organism.The lipopeptid that bacillus subtilis metabolism produces
Compounds can prevent and treat wheat powdery mildew, rice blast, head blight, banded sclerotial blight, charcoal myiasis, cucumber downy mildew, bacterial wilt of tomato, ash
The plant diseases such as mildew, it also can be induced crop to produce the hormonal substances such as heteroauxing, improve plant growth hormonal readiness, promote
Enter the growth reproduction of plant.Yeast can produce the organic matter in digestive enzyme degraded soil, also produces cellulose, nucleic acid and growth
The plant modifying agent class materials such as element, gibberellins, can assist lactic acid bacteria to accelerate organic matter fermentation, thus increase the activity one-tenth of fertilizer
Point, play fixed nitrogen, molten phosphorus, the effect of potassium decomposing.It addition, Trichoderma spp. can produce highly active cellulase, there is stronger decomposition
The ability of cellulose;Aspergillus niger, monascus are decomposing microbial inoculums, can promote becoming thoroughly decomposed of organic materials, cracking larger molecular organics and
The inorganic matter of indissoluble, it is simple to absorbing of crop.Multiple-microorganism kind compound use, have complementary advantages, can make growth-promoting functions,
Fertilizer efficiency effect preferably combines, and improves fertilizer utilization efficiency.
The present invention, with Brassica campestris L rapeseed cake and crop Fructus Citri tangerinae bar as carrier, uses 2 solid fermentation methods to produce microbial manures.Institute
The result obtained is that first fungus has obtained raised growth breeding, Brassica campestris L rapeseed cake and crop Fructus Citri tangerinae bar is decomposed 50% left simultaneously
The right side, then carries out the 2nd solid fermentation method, to guarantee that antibacterial also can obtain amount reproduction.After solid fermentation terminates, Brassica campestris L Semen Allii Tuberosi
Cake and crop Fructus Citri tangerinae bar are decomposed about 60% and the little granule of self-assembling formation.In room temperature air-dries period, fungus will produce a large amount of spore
Son, antibacterial will form a large amount of spore simultaneously.Spore and spore in a dormant state, do not exchange material with the external world, can long-term surviving.
The little granule of self-assembling formation has the effect of mechanical barrier, and protection bacterial manure microorganism is from the impact of the bad environmental factor, such as pesticide
Murder by poisoning, protozoacide eats and the antagonism etc. of indigenous microorganism, it is possible to adapt to ecological environment, form local superiority group
Fall.The little granule of self-assembling formation has the effect keeping antibacterial, and when meeting arid after entering soil, microorganism continues dormancy and preserves;Meet
Irrigate and when raining heavyly, granule can avoid spore and spore leaching loss.After the composite microbiological fertilizer granule being dried enters soil, due to
Brassica campestris L rapeseed cake and crop Fructus Citri tangerinae bar also have about 40% not to be completely broken down, and after adsorption moisture, spore and spore start to sprout, and
Gradually releasing microbe in environment, plays the effect of slow release thalline, it is ensured that when lasting high bacterium number and prolongation microbial survival
Between, sustainable development form local superiority's monoid in local soil.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention holds the highest effective bacterium number, exceedes the living bacteria count of current all bacterial manure.Room temperature storage 6 months
After, total living bacteria count reaches more than 3 × 108/gram, then in solid fungicide coating avilamycin granular organic fertilizer step
Time, determine, according to the viable count of microbial inoculum, the weight ratio that microbial inoculum adds, make final products meet " composite microbiological fertilizer " agricultural
The requirement of standard (NY/T798-2004).
2, the resistance to environmental condition of the present invention, it is not necessary to sterile working and aseptic packaging, production technology is easy, low cost (unit
Usage amount reduces, and reduces production and use cost).
3, the product made can preserve at normal temperatures (can preserve for a long time in room temperature, can be under the high temperature in 3 months summers of Wuhan
Producing and preserve, measure fungus and bacterial population and effectiveness after 30 days, result is unaffected), especially high-and low-temperature resistance has
Effect characteristic, it is simple to the spring gather in the autumn crops broadcast, the bio-feritlizer of the crop such as autumn harvest spring sowing makes and application.Solve the autumn sowing such as Brassica campestris L, Semen Tritici aestivi
Spring is incorporated as the microbial-bacterial fertilizer of thing and produces and preservation problem.
4, little, thalline slow release affected by environment and surely growing plant rhizosphere is permanently effective after using, promotes plant growth, with
And soil-borne disease (sclerotinia rot of colza, clubroot etc.) is had certain Biocontrol Effect, protection fungus contained by bacterial manure is with thin simultaneously
Bacterium is held bacterium from indigenous microorganism and the infringement of injurious factor playing and eases up and disengage micro-life contained by the effect of bacterium, beneficially bacterial manure
Thing is in rhizosphere sustainable development and forms local superiority, improves effectiveness and extends the expiration date.
Composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention is suitable for crops and does base fertilizer and fertilization strategy.
[0025]
Detailed description of the invention
With embodiment, this utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Composite microbiological fertilizer, it is by vegetable garden soil, active function bacterium, mineral powder and fertilizer, inorganic composite fertilizer, water system
For forming, wherein vegetable garden soil 25wt%, active function bacterium 5wt%, mineral powder 5wt% and fertilizer 25wt%, inorganic compounding
Fertile 20wt% water 20wt% is prepared from, active function bacterium include lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma spp.,
Aspergillus niger, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, mineral powder is the peat composed of rotten mosses, zeolite, Vermiculitum, montmorillonite, carbonic acid
One or more mixture in calcium, expanded perlite, fineness≤200 mesh of mineral powder, described fertilizer contains
The muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed, rapeseed cake fertilizer, straw, described muck, rapeseed cake fertilizer are 5.5: 2.5: 0.5 with the weight ratio of straw;Described nothing
Machine compound fertilizer component contain carbamide 10~20wt%, calcium superphosphate 10~15wt%, potassium sulfate 25~30wt%, potassium nitrate 25~
30wt%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10~15wt%, humic acid 10~20wt%, each component sum is 100%.
The preparation method of described composite microbiological fertilizer, it is characterised in that: by material-water ratio 100: 35, raw material stirring is uniform,
Then play heap, allow raw material be saturated with moisture;The most each component ratio be vegetable garden soil 25%~35wt%, mineral powder 5%~
15wt% and fertilizer combination 25%~30wt%, inorganic composite fertilizer combination 15%~20wt%, solid spawn is added water meanwhile
Stir into pasty state and activate 3~4h, the strain of activation being added in raw material, and turning is mixed thoroughly repeatedly, stacking and to cover plastics thin
Film, when stockpile temperature reaches 50 DEG C, i.e. carries out turning for the first time, once every 3d turning, fermentation 10~12d, fermentation 10 later
~after 12d days, the active function bacterium mycopowder of fertilizer composition weight 4%~6% that will be equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed joins having of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Machine fertilizer component proceeds solid fermentation, after mixing, adds the fertilizer composition weight 0.5%~1% that is equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed
Borax, the ammonium molybdate of 0.2%~0.5%, regulation water content, to 32-38wt%, carries out secondary compost fermentation, when temperature reaches 50
More than DEG C, starting turning, turning is every day 2~3 times, until temperature is down to 40 DEG C, stops turning, proceeds to after-ripening groove after-ripening 3~5
My god, then using biological organic fertilizer special low temperature comminutor to carry out pelletize, then carry out negative pressure drying, after cooling, sieve takes particle diameter 1mm
~the granule of 4.75mm, send into feed bin mixing, obtain composite microbiological fertilizer.
Preferably, the preparation process of described solid spawn is: by lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, wood
Mould, aspergillus niger, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast use industrial fermentation tank the most individually to ferment, operation
Step and process conditions are:
E. the preparation of basal medium: soybean with water boils 30min, is settled to after filtration;
F. prepared by lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus megaterium culture medium: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 1g, albumen
Peptone 2g, sodium chloride 1g, glucose 3g, basal medium 200mL, pH 7.5,
G. prepared by Trichoderma spp., aspergillus niger, monascus, yeast culture medium: glucose 7g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4g, peptone 2g,
Magnesium sulfate 0.2g, basal medium 400mL, pH 6.5, after prepared by culture medium, autoclave sterilization 30min, accesses phase after cooling
Answer strain, will be equipped with flat bottle sterilizing 30 minutes under the conditions of 121 DEG C of culture medium before inoculation, after inoculation under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C
Cultivate 30~48h, be made into spore liquid, inoculate for seed tank with the inoculum concentration of percent by volume 5%;
H. seed tank fermentation: first by first class seed pot sterilizing, loads sterilizing again after seed tank fermentation medium, is cooled to 30
DEG C, spore liquid is accessed in culture fluid, fermentation tank inoculation after, under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C cultivate 36~48 hours, ventilation 1~
2Vols/vol min, oxygen content 30~40%;, obtain first class seed pot zymocyte liquid;Secondary seed tank is gone out at 121 DEG C
Bacterium 30min, loads sterilizing again after culture medium, is cooled to 30 DEG C, by first class seed pot fermentation liquid by volume percentage ratio 5%~8%
Inoculum concentration accesses secondary seed tank, is passed through filtrated air and stirring is cultivated, obtain secondary seed tank zymocyte liquid;Fermentation liquid contains
Brood cell's number every milliliter of living reaches more than 5,000,000,000, and brood cell's ratio puts tank when reaching more than 95%, pH value 7.0-8.0, without living contaminants.
Preferably, described seed tank fermentation medium component is: Testa oryzae 10%~15wt%, Semen Glycines 25%~35wt%,
White sugar 20%~30wt%, fish flour 15%~20wt%, carbamide 5%~10wt%, trace element 5%~10wt%, yeast powder
15%~25wt%, mannitol 2%~5wt%, K2HPO41%~6wt%, KH2PO41%~6wt%, MgSO4·7H2O 1
~6wt% and water, each component sum is 100%.
The preparation of fertilizer combination: by cicken feces dried, rapeseed cake, straw after screening, pulverizing, by weight 6:3:1
Ratio mix homogeneously, proceed to large-sized solid compost groove, regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio is to 20~30, and regulation water content, to 50wt%, adds
Convention amount organic matter decomposing inoculant, carries out compost, when heap temperature reaches more than 50 DEG C, starts turning ventilation, and turning is 2-3 every day
Secondary, during until temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, stop turning, obtain the fertilizer combination become thoroughly decomposed.
The Elemental characters of composite microbiological fertilizer
Embodiment 2
A kind of composite microbiological fertilizer, it by vegetable garden soil 35wt%, active function bacterium 10wt%, mineral powder 15wt% and
Fertilizer 25%, inorganic composite fertilizer 15%% water is prepared from, and active function bacterium includes lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, huge
Bacillus cereus, Trichoderma spp., aspergillus niger, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, mineral powder is the peat composed of rotten mosses, zeolite, trematodiasis
One or more mixture in stone, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, expanded perlite, fineness≤200 mesh of mineral powder,
Described fertilizer contain become thoroughly decomposed muck, rapeseed cake fertilizer, straw, the weight ratio of described muck, rapeseed cake fertilizer and straw is 7.5:
3.5∶1.5;Described inorganic composite fertilizer component contain carbamide 10~20wt%, calcium superphosphate 10~15wt%, potassium sulfate 25~
30wt%, potassium nitrate 25~30wt%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10~15wt%, humic acid 10~20wt%, each component sum is
100%.
The preparation method of described composite microbiological fertilizer, it is characterised in that: by material-water ratio 100: 35, raw material stirring is uniform,
Then play heap, allow raw material be saturated with moisture;The most each component ratio be vegetable garden soil 25%~35wt%, mineral powder 5%~
15wt% and fertilizer combination 25%~30wt%, inorganic composite fertilizer combination 15%~20wt%, solid spawn is added water meanwhile
Stir into pasty state and activate 3~4h, the strain of activation being added in raw material, and turning is mixed thoroughly repeatedly, stacking and to cover plastics thin
Film, when stockpile temperature reaches 50 DEG C, i.e. carries out turning for the first time, once every 3d turning, fermentation 10~12d, fermentation 10 later
~after 12d days, the active function bacterium mycopowder of fertilizer composition weight 4%~6% that will be equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed joins having of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Machine fertilizer component proceeds solid fermentation, after mixing, adds the fertilizer composition weight 0.5%~1% that is equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed
Borax, the ammonium molybdate of 0.2%~0.5%, regulation water content, to 32-38wt%, carries out secondary compost fermentation, when temperature reaches 50
More than DEG C, starting turning, turning is every day 2~3 times, until temperature is down to 40 DEG C, stops turning, proceeds to after-ripening groove after-ripening 3~5
My god, then using biological organic fertilizer special low temperature comminutor to carry out pelletize, then carry out negative pressure drying, after cooling, sieve takes particle diameter 1mm
~the granule of 4.75mm, send into feed bin mixing, obtain composite microbiological fertilizer.
Preferably, the preparation process of described solid spawn is: by lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, wood
Mould, aspergillus niger, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast use industrial fermentation tank the most individually to ferment, operation
Step and process conditions are:
I. the preparation of basal medium: soybean with water boils 30min, is settled to after filtration;
J. prepared by lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus megaterium culture medium: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 1g, albumen
Peptone 2g, sodium chloride 1g, glucose 3g, basal medium 200mL, pH 7.5,
K. prepared by Trichoderma spp., aspergillus niger, monascus, yeast culture medium: glucose 7g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4g, peptone 2g,
Magnesium sulfate 0.2g, basal medium 400mL, pH 6.5, after prepared by culture medium, autoclave sterilization 30min, accesses phase after cooling
Answer strain, will be equipped with flat bottle sterilizing 30 minutes under the conditions of 121 DEG C of culture medium before inoculation, after inoculation under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C
Cultivate 30~48h, be made into spore liquid, inoculate for seed tank with the inoculum concentration of percent by volume 5%;
L. seed tank fermentation: first by first class seed pot sterilizing, loads sterilizing again after seed tank fermentation medium, is cooled to 30
DEG C, spore liquid is accessed in culture fluid, after fermentation tank inoculation, cultivate 36~48 hours under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C, ventilation 1
~2Vols/vol min, oxygen content 30~40%;, obtain first class seed pot zymocyte liquid;By secondary seed tank at 121 DEG C
Sterilizing 30min, loads sterilizing again after culture medium, is cooled to 30 DEG C, by first class seed pot fermentation liquid by volume percentage ratio 5%~
8% inoculum concentration accesses secondary seed tank, is passed through filtrated air and stirring is cultivated, obtain secondary seed tank zymocyte liquid;Fermentation
Liquid reaches more than 5,000,000,000 containing brood cell's number every milliliter of living, and brood cell's ratio puts tank when reaching more than 95%, pH value 7.0-8.0, without miscellaneous bacteria dirt
Dye.
Preferably, described seed tank fermentation medium component is: Testa oryzae 10%~15wt%, Semen Glycines 25%~35wt%,
White sugar 20%~30wt%, fish flour 15%~20wt%, carbamide 5%~10wt%, trace element 5%~10wt%, yeast powder
15%~25wt%, mannitol 2%~5wt%, K2HPO4 1%~6wt%, KH2PO41%~6wt%, MgSO4 7H2O
1~6wt% and water, each component sum is 100%.
Preferably, the preparation of fertilizer combination: by cicken feces dried, rapeseed cake, straw after screening, pulverizing, by weight
Ratio mix homogeneously than 6:3:1, proceeds to large-sized solid compost groove, and regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio is to 20~30, and regulation water content is extremely
50wt%, adds convention amount organic matter decomposing inoculant, carries out compost, when heap temperature reaches more than 50 DEG C, starts turning ventilation, turns over
Heap is every day 2-3 time, during until temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, stops turning, and the fertilizer obtaining becoming thoroughly decomposed combines.
The Elemental characters of composite microbiological fertilizer
Embodiment 3
The application of composite microbiological fertilizer:
Use randomized blocks, plot area 100m2If 3 repetitions, with the composite microbial in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2
Thing fertilizer uses 50kg/ mu as base fertilizer.It is respectively process group 1, process group 2.
50kg/ mu is used as base fertilizer, for process group 3 using common compound fertilizer.
Using not applying fertilizer district as check plot.
Use checkerboard type sampling method, record every community insect pest strain number, by following equation calculating prevention effect:
On prevention effect (%)=(check plot insect pest strain number-treatment region insect pest strain number)/check plot insect pest strain number × 100%
State group, except applied fertilizer to the subsoil difference, manuring late and management are the most identical.
Testing result: table 1 different disposal impact on Chinese cabbage yield
The impact on pest control effect of table 2 different disposal
Interpretation of result:
By in Tables 1 and 2 it can be seen that use compound fertilizer the growth of Chinese cabbage is had significant facilitation, can show
Write the yield improving Chinese cabbage, reduce the generation of insect pest.Wherein, composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention is used either to yield
Improve and be above fertilizer described in embodiment 1 in the prevention effect of insect pest.The yield volume increase of composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention
Reach more than 20%, and fertilizer units increased in production described in embodiment 1 only has 14.5%, preventing of the insect pest of composite microbiological fertilizer of the present invention
Control effect about 65%, and described in embodiment 1, the prevention effect of fertilizer only has 58%.
Claims (5)
1. a composite microbiological fertilizer, is characterized in that, it by vegetable garden soil 25%~35wt%, active function bacterium 5%~
10wt%, mineral powder 5%~15wt% and fertilizer 25%~30wt%, inorganic composite fertilizer 15%~20wt% water preparation and
Becoming, each component sum is 100%, and active function bacterium includes lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma spp., black fermented preparation
Mould, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, mineral powder is the peat composed of rotten mosses, zeolite, Vermiculitum, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, swollen
One or more mixture in swollen perlite, fineness≤200 mesh of mineral powder, described fertilizer contains and becomes thoroughly decomposed
Muck, rapeseed cake fertilizer, straw, the weight ratio of described muck, rapeseed cake fertilizer and straw be 5.5~7.5: 2.5~3.5: 0.5~
1.5;Described inorganic composite fertilizer component contains carbamide 10~20wt%, calcium superphosphate 10~15wt%, potassium sulfate 25~30wt%, nitre
Acid potassium 25~30wt%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10~15wt%, humic acid 10~20wt%, each component sum is 100%.
2. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: by material-water ratio 100: 35, raw material is stirred
Mix uniformly, then play heap, allow raw material be saturated with moisture;The most each component ratio is vegetable garden soil 25%~35wt%, mineral powder 5%
~15wt% and fertilizer combine 25%~30wt%, inorganic composite fertilizer combines 15%~20wt%, is added by solid spawn meanwhile
Water stirs into pasty state and activates 3~4h, is added in raw material by the strain of activation, and turning is mixed thoroughly repeatedly, stacks and covers plastics
Thin film, when stockpile temperature reaches 50 DEG C, i.e. carries out turning for the first time, once every 3d turning, fermentation 10~12d, fermentation later
10~after 12d days, the active function bacterium mycopowder of fertilizer composition weight 4%~6% that will be equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed joins and becomes thoroughly decomposed
Fertilizer component proceeds solid fermentation, after mixing, adds the fertilizer composition weight 0.5%~1% being equivalent to become thoroughly decomposed
Borax, the ammonium molybdate of 0.2%~0.5%, regulation water content to 32-38wt%, carry out secondary compost fermentation, when temperature reaches
More than 50 DEG C, starting turning, turning is every day 2~3 times, until temperature is down to 40 DEG C, stops turning, proceeds to after-ripening groove after-ripening 3
~5 days, then using biological organic fertilizer special low temperature comminutor to carry out pelletize, then carry out negative pressure drying, after cooling, sieve takes particle diameter
The granule of 1mm~4.75mm, sends into feed bin mixing, obtains composite microbiological fertilizer.
3. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer described in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the preparation process of described solid spawn
For: by lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma spp., aspergillus niger, monascus, trichoderma harzianum, microorganism Aspergillus aculeatus
Using industrial fermentation tank the most individually to ferment with yeast, operating procedure and process conditions are:
A, the preparation of basal medium: soybean with water boils 30min, is settled to after filtration;
Prepared by b, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, bacillus megaterium culture medium: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 1g, peptone
2g, sodium chloride 1g, glucose 3g, basal medium 200mL, pH 7.5,
Prepared by c, Trichoderma spp., aspergillus niger, monascus, yeast culture medium: glucose 7g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4g, peptone 2g, sulphuric acid
Magnesium 0.2g, basal medium 400mL, pH 6.5, after prepared by culture medium, autoclave sterilization 30min, accesses corresponding bacterium after cooling
Kind, will be equipped with flat bottle sterilizing 30 minutes under the conditions of 121 DEG C of culture medium before inoculation, cultivate under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C after inoculation
30~48h, it is made into spore liquid, inoculates for seed tank with the inoculum concentration of percent by volume 5%;
D, seed tank ferment: first by first class seed pot sterilizing, load sterilizing again after seed tank fermentation medium, are cooled to 30 DEG C,
Spore liquid is accessed in culture fluid, fermentation tank inoculation after, under the conditions of 28~35 DEG C cultivate 36~48 hours, ventilation 1~
2Vols/vol min, oxygen content 30~40%;, obtain first class seed pot zymocyte liquid;Secondary seed tank is gone out at 121 DEG C
Bacterium 30min, loads sterilizing again after culture medium, is cooled to 30 DEG C, by first class seed pot fermentation liquid by volume percentage ratio 5%~8%
Inoculum concentration accesses secondary seed tank, is passed through filtrated air and stirring is cultivated, obtain secondary seed tank zymocyte liquid;Fermentation liquid contains
Brood cell's number every milliliter of living reaches more than 5,000,000,000, and brood cell's ratio puts tank when reaching more than 95%, pH value 7.0-8.0, without living contaminants.
4. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer described in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described seed tank fermentation culture is basis set
It is divided into: Testa oryzae 10%~15wt%, Semen Glycines 25%~35wt%, white sugar 20%~30wt%, fish flour 15%~20wt%, carbamide
5%~10wt%, trace element 5%~10wt%, yeast powder 15%~25wt%, mannitol 2%~5wt%, K2HPO41%
~6wt%, KH2PO41%~6wt%, MgSO4·7H2O1~6wt% and water, each component sum is 100%.
5. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer described in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the preparation of fertilizer combination: will dry
Dried poultrymanure, rapeseed cake, straw, after screening, pulverizing, by weight the ratio mix homogeneously of 6:3:1, proceed to large-sized solid heap
Fertile groove, regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio is to 20~30, and regulation water content, to 50wt%, adds convention amount organic matter decomposing inoculant, carries out compost,
When heap temperature reaches more than 50 DEG C, starting turning ventilation, turning is every day 2-3 time, during until temperature is down to less than 30 DEG C, and stopping
Turning, obtains the fertilizer combination become thoroughly decomposed.
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