CN104206716A - Biological organic aquaculture nutrition fertilizer powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological organic aquaculture nutrition fertilizer powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological organic aquaculture nutrition fertilizer powder and a preparation method thereof. The nutrition fertilizer powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, trace element, ferment mixed bacteria, ferment bacteria, amino acid, vitamin complex, actinomycetes and Photosynthetic bacteria. The ferment mixed bacteria is uniformly mixed with water to obtain a diluted bacteria solution; the diluted bacteria solution is added into the organic fertilizer, uniformly mixed, stacked, cycled and flipped to obtain a primary fermented product; the ferment bacteria is added into the primary fermented product and the primary fermented product is fermented until the product becomes thoroughly decomposed, and then the product is subjected to low-temperature drying and crushing into a secondary fermented product; the inorganic fertilizer, trace element, amino acid, vitamin complex, actinomycetes and Photosynthetic bacteria are added into the secondary fermented product and the mixture is granulated and then sorted to obtain the biological organic aquaculture nutrition feed powder. The wastes from agriculture and animal husbandry are used as the main raw materials of the nutrition fertilizer powder, the fish nutrient supply problem is solved, and the heavy metal and organic matter pollution problems in the production process of fishes are also solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic products fuel field, refer to particularly a kind of biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, therefore the taking place frequently of fish Large Scale Death, peasant is being subject in contaminated land, also may occur virus and the bacterial diseases of fishes according to conventional breeding and planting method.In addition, due to the long-term use of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer, make the content of artificial organic pollution in water environment more and more higher, China's water environment pollution and disruption of ecological balance phenomenon are on the rise, output and the quality of fish are had a strong impact on, and then threatening the mankind's living environment, the water environment pollution causing therefrom, the concern that fish quality and safety problem is more and more subject to people, become restriction new stage fish and produce the bottleneck that continues high-efficient development.
But traditional organic fertilizer product can not solve various pollution problems preferably, therefore utilizes modern biotechnology means, the development of accelerating new bio environment-friendly fertilizer is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is just to provide a kind of biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis and preparation method thereof.The present invention, taking agriculture wastes as primary raw material, prepares biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis, thereby solves heavy metal and Organic Pollution problem in fish nutrient supply problem, fish production process.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the biological organic aquaculture fuel of one provided by the invention pulvis, described fuel pulvis is made up of the fertilizer of 60～70 parts, the inorganic fertilizer of 20～25 parts, the trace element of 4～8 parts, the fermenting compound fungus of 0.1～0.5 part, the ferment bacterium of 1～2 part, the amino acid of 3～7 parts, the B B-complex of 1～5 part, the actinomyces of 0.3～0.8 part and the photosynthetic bacteria of 0.3～0.8 part by the ratio of weight and number of raw material.
Actinomyces (Actinomycete) are that a class is mainly mycelioid growth and with the more powerful prokaryotes of the land natural disposition of sporogenesis.Because growing and gain the name radially on solid medium.Great majority have flourishing branch mycelia.Mycelia is very thin, and width is bordering on bacillus, approximately 0.5～1 micron.Can be divided into: vegetative hyphae, claim again matrix mycelia, major function is to absorb nutriment, what have produces different pigments, is the important evidence of bacterial classification qualification; Aerial hyphae, storied on vegetative hyphae, claim again secondary mycelia.
Except minority autotrophic type bacterial classification is as autotrophy streptomycete, the overwhelming majority is heterotroph.The nutritional requirement difference of heterotroph is very large, and what have can utilize simple compounds, and what have but needs complicated organic compound.They can utilize different carbohydrate, comprise that sugar, starch, organic acid, cellulose, hemicellulose etc. are as the energy.Best carbon source is glucose, at maltose, dextrin, starch and glycerine, and sucrose, wood sugar, gossypose, alcohol and organic acid take second place.In organic acid, be easy to utilize with acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, butanedioic acid and malic acid, and the more difficult utilization of oxalic acid, tartaric acid and hippuric acid.Some actinomyces also can utilize chitin, and hydrocarbon, tannin are so that rubber.
Nitrogen nutrition aspect, with protein, albumen have peptone and some amino acid the suitableeest, nitrate? ammonium salt and element take second place.Except Nocard's bacillus, most actinomyces can utilize casein, and can liquefy gelatin.The same with other biological, actinomycetic growth generally all needs K, Mg, Fe, Cu and Ca, and wherein Mg and K have remarkable effect for mycelial growth and antibiotic generation.The required mineral nutrition of various antibiotic generations is also incomplete same, essential Zn element while producing neomycin as streptomyces fradiae, and Mg, Fe, Cu, Al and Mn and etc. inoperative.Co is that actinomyces produce the indispensable element of cobalamin, when in culture medium containing 1 or when the Co of 2ppm, can improve three times of the vitamin output of streptomyces griseus, if Co content is high during to 20-50ppm in culture medium, produce toxic action.In addition, Co promotes the function of sporogenesis in addition.
Most of actinomyces are aerobic, and only having some kind is micro-aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria.Therefore, industrial fermentation is produced in antibiotic process and must be ensured enough throughputs; Temperature also has impact to actinomyces growths, and most of actinomycetic optimum growth temperatures are 23-37 DEG C, and the growth temperature range of thermophilic actinomycete is at 50-65 DEG C, also has many bacterial classifications at 20-23 DEG C of well-grown still below; Actinomyces mycelium is stronger than bacteriotrophy body resist drying ability, and a lot of bacterial classifications have in the drier that is contained in CaCl2 and H2SO4 can survive about a year and a half.
Actinomyces can be decomposed many organic matters, comprise the compound of aromatic, paraffin, rubber, cellulose, the strong toxicity such as complex compound and some cyanogen such as wooden.Therefore, actinomyces not only, in nature material recycle, more have positive effect in the biological treatment of sewage and organic solid waste, can also impel soil to form crumb structure and improve soil.
Photosynthetic bacteria is a kind of nutritious, bacterium of being of high nutritive value, and it is higher that thalline contains abundant amino acid, folic acid, b family vitamin, especially cobalamin and biotin content, also has physiological activator ubiquinone.The volume of photosynthetic bacteria is 1/20th of chlorella, is particularly suitable as the open-mouthed bait of just hatching prelarva.Use photosynthetic bacteria as open-mouthed bait, can increase substantially survival rate of fish fry.Photosynthetic bacteria also can be used as feed addictive and is added in feed, and the enzyme that photosynthetic bacteria is contained can promote fish to the digesting and assimilating of feed, and improves efficiency of feed utilization, reduces feed coefficient, also can significantly improve the speed of growth of fish simultaneously.
Photosynthetic bacteria applies after water body, and breeding becomes the predominant bacteria population in water body rapidly, has both improved water quality, has suppressed again the Growth and reproduction of harmful germ, has reduced harmful germ quantity, thereby has reduced the generation of fish diseases.The protection effect of photosynthetic bacteria is very effective.
In water body, apply after photosynthetic bacteria, the fish such as diatom, chlorella like the algae ingesting to become preponderant algae, and the harmful algaes such as blue-green algae are suppressed.Photosynthetic bacteria can utilize the ammonia nitrogen in water in a large number, can effectively avoid the generation of " wawter bloom ", as a large amount of numerous life of blue-green algae.
Further, described fermenting compound fungus is the Mixed Microbes of bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, trichoderma reesei and aspergillus niger, and wherein, described bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei weight ratio are 2 ︰ 0～4 ︰ 1～2 ︰ 1～2.
Again further, fermenting compound fungus is the Mixed Microbes of bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, trichoderma reesei and aspergillus niger, and wherein, the weight ratio of described bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei is 3 ︰ 2 ︰ 3.
Taking feces of livestock and poultry (as cow dung) as handling object, select bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, trichoderma reesei, 4 kinds of microbial inoculums of aspergillus niger, to heat up in composting process and to play warm speed, compost temperature, compost time etc. as index, investigate respectively impact and the different microbial inoculum addition impact on compost intensification effect of these four kinds of microbial inoculums on composting fermentation process, the best proportioning of determining fermenting compound fungus is withered grass bud pole Jun ︰ Hei Qu Mei ︰ trichoderma reesei=3 ︰ 2 ︰ 3.
Research shows, adopts fermenting compound fungus, can make compost become thoroughly decomposed completely about 10 days, and makes the germination index of cow dung compost product improve 21.7%.
Again further, described fertilizer is the mixture of fowl and animal excrement, wheat bran, soya-bean cake and Paris white, wherein, described fowl and animal excrement be in cow dung, pig manure and pig manure any one or a few, weight ratio 10 ︰ 1～3 ︰ 1～3 ︰ 1～2 of fowl and animal excrement, wheat bran, soya-bean cake and Paris white in described fertilizer.
Again further, described inorganic fertilizer is the mixing fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and in described inorganic fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 2 ︰ 1～2 ︰ 1～2.
Again further, described trace element comprises calcium, magnesium, sulphur, boron, zinc, selenium and molybdenum, and wherein, the weight ratio of calcium, magnesium, sulphur, boron, zinc, selenium and molybdenum is 2 ︰ 1～3 ︰ 0.5～1 ︰ 3～5 ︰ 1～2 ︰ 7～9 ︰ 1～4.
Again further, described B B-complex is vitamin A, Cobastab and ascorbic mixture, and wherein, in B B-complex, vitamin A, Cobastab and ascorbic weight ratio are 1 ︰ 1～3 ︰ 1～3.
The invention provides a kind of biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis preparation method, comprise the following steps:
1) take fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, trace element, fermenting compound fungus, ferment bacterium, amino acid, B B-complex, actinomyces and photosynthetic bacteria by above-mentioned ratio of weight and number;
2) fermenting compound fungus is mixed by weight 1 ︰ 5～50 with water, obtain diluting bacterium liquid;
3) by step 2) in dilution bacterium liquid add in fertilizer, mix, pile up in heapsly, circulation upset, ferments 10～15 days, can reach the state that substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed, and obtains one grade fermemtation thing;
4) to step 3) in add ferment bacterium in the one grade fermemtation thing that obtains, fermentation is to becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, low temperature drying, pulverizes and obtains second order fermentation thing;
5) to step 4) in add inorganic fertilizer, trace element, amino acid, B B-complex, actinomyces and photosynthetic bacteria in second order fermentation thing, mix granulation balling-up, sorting obtains biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention makes full use of the agriculture wastes such as feces of livestock and poultry and straw, and be translated into biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis, can realize recycling of resource, and reduce the harm of ight soil to breeding environment, alleviate the bad smell of cultivation factory, and consume the agricultural wastes such as straw that periphery is piled up, make to cultivate factory's surrounding enviroment to improve, and turn waste into wealth, will socio-economic development be played to larger impetus.
2, the present invention is nutritious, rich water is rapid, fertilizer efficiency is permanent, can significantly improve water quality, reduces fish shrimp crab class emergency reaction, reduces virus and bacterial diseases of fishes incidence, fertile bait dual-purpose.Be widely used in the cultivation such as fry, fingerling, adult fish and shrimp, crab, freshwater pearl culture, the scope of application comprises pond, reservoir, lake and intensive fish pond.
3, the present invention adopts biotechnology to carry out the production of biological environmental production fertilizer, reduce chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals use amount, advocate ecotypic plantation new model, seek comprehensively to solve the agriculture production environment pollution problem that inorganic fertilizer and high-toxic pesticide cause, for producing high yield, safety, high-quality, agricultural product provide sound assurance efficiently.
4, biological organic fertilizer preparation technology of the present invention is simple, has good economic benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the design sketch that different microbial inoculums heat up to pig manure fermentation;
Fig. 2 is the affect figure of bacillus subtilis Different adding amount on intensification effect;
Fig. 3 is the affect figure of aspergillus niger Different adding amount on intensification effect;
Fig. 4 is the affect figure of trichoderma reesei Different adding amount on intensification effect;
Fig. 5 is the affect figure of yeast Different adding amount on intensification effect;
Fig. 6 is the single factor analysis figure of pilot plant test;
Fig. 7 is leavening intensification effect test figure.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to explain better the present invention, further illustrate main contents of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to following examples.
One, theoretical foundation checking in the present invention
1. the research of the best microbial inoculum combination of fermenting compound fungus
1.1 experiment materials and method
1.1.1 test strain
Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete Saccharomyces cerevisiae, trichoderma reesei Trichoderma reesei, aspergillus niger Aspergillus niger, above bacterial strain provides by state Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology.
1.1.2 feces of livestock and poultry
Cow dung is provided by Wuhan Rui Zeyuan biological environmental production Science and Technology Ltd..
1.1.3 the research of different microbial inoculums to cattle manure intensification effect
Cow dung 170g and corn stalk powder 80g are packed in Cans and mixed, regulate water content 60% left and right, sealing, 115 DEG C of sterilizing 15min, naturally inoculation after putting into refrigerator after cooling and making its temperature drop to 8 DEG C, access respectively bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger, trichoderma reesei and yeast, inoculum concentration 4 ‰.Yeast with 40 DEG C of rehydration 15min, then cools to 30 DEG C of activation and accesses after 2h in 2% sucrose solution.Control group replaces with distilled water.Be placed in thermos cup and cultivate in 8 DEG C of refrigerators, record temperature every 12h.
1.1.4 the impact of function microbial inoculum Different adding amount on cattle manure intensification effect
Prepare altogether 28 Cans.The in-built feces of livestock and poultry 170g of each Cans, corn stalk powder 80g, mixes, after sealing in 115 DEG C of sterilizing 15min.
Get wherein 1～No. 7 bottle, respectively add aspergillus niger 1.0g, trichoderma reesei 1.0g, yeast 1.0g, then add respectively bacillus 0g, 0.5g, 1.0g, 1.5g, 2.0g, 2.5g, 3.0g.
Get wherein 8～No. 14 bottles, respectively add bacillus 1.0g, trichoderma reesei 1.0g, yeast 1.0g, then add respectively aspergillus niger 0g, 0.5g, 1.0g, 1.5g, 2.0g, 2.5g, 3.0g.
Get wherein 15～No. 21 bottles, respectively add aspergillus niger 1.0g, bacillus 1.0g, yeast 1.0g, then add respectively trichoderma reesei 0g, 0.5g, 1.0g, 1.5g, 2.0g, 2.5g, 3.0g.
Get wherein 22～No. 28 bottles, respectively add aspergillus niger 1.0g, trichoderma reesei 1.0g, bacillus 1.0g, then add respectively yeast 0g, 0.5g, 1.0g, 1.5g, 2.0g, 2.5g, 3.0g.
28 Cans are put to 8 DEG C of condition bottom fermentations in refrigerator, and interval 12 hour record temperature, investigate the impact of function microbial inoculum Different adding amount on intensification effect.
1.1.5 the batch production demonstration test of different microbial inoculums to cattle manure intensification effect
Batch production demonstration test is carried out in Wuhan Rui Zeyuan biological environmental production Science and Technology Ltd..Taking fresh cow dung as primary raw material, add the auxiliary material of corn stalk powder as compost fermentation, regulate water content 60% left and right, adopt mechanical system to mix and turning.Pile high 1m, coniform.Start turning when temperature is elevated to more than 30 DEG C, 14:00 turning every day once.Compost amount is 1.0 tons, establishes altogether 5 test group, adds respectively yeast, bacillus subtilis, the mould and aspergillus niger of wood, inoculum concentration 1 ‰, and control group replaces microbial inoculum with corn stalk powder.Turning pre-test heap temperature, measured 15cm temperature under top layer every 24 hours, got respectively taper compost middle part, every limit and 5, top mensuration.Sampling in the time that compost initial sum stops, sample point is 25cm under top layer, is respectively taper compost middle part, every limit and top 5 points, and sample size 200g left and right, is stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and preserves.When without obvious stench, stop fermentation.
1.1.6 the batch production demonstration test of best microbial inoculum combination
Taking the fresh cow dung of Wuhan Rui Zeyuan biological environmental production Science and Technology Ltd. as primary raw material, interpolation corn stalk powder is auxiliary material, regulates water content 60% left and right, adopts that mechanical system is mixed, artificial turning.0.5 ton/heap of compost amount, establishes 4 processing altogether, and 2 repetitions, are respectively: A group is the agent of the best microbial inoculum combined fermentation of inoculation; B group is blank; C group is the average formula, fermenting agent of inoculation; D group is the unleavened leavening of inoculation.Specifically fill a prescription as table 1.Pile high 0.5m, coniform.Start turning when temperature is elevated to more than 30 DEG C, 14:00 turning every day once, inoculum concentration 1 ‰, control group replaces microbial inoculum with corn stalk powder.
The compliance test result experimental design of the best microbial inoculum combination of table 1
1.1.7 the mensuration of percentage of seedgermination
In the triangular flask of the preparation of sample leachate: 150mL, get 10g composting test sample, add the distilled water of 90mL, add about 10～20 beades, on the shaking table of 120r/min, shake 30min, precipitation 30min, gets supernatant.
Cultivate Chinese cabbage seed: layer overlay filter paper in clean culture dish, filter paper size matches with plate size.In plate, inject the sample leachate of 5mL, make filter paper fully moistening.Then on filter paper, place uniformly the Chinese cabbage seed of 10 particle integrity, put into after 25 DEG C of incubator casees are cultivated 3d and take out detection.Adopt distilled water to replace sample leachate as a control group.
The mensuration of germination index: use ruler to measure respectively and record that root after germination is long and stem is long, and record the seed number that there is no germination.Computing formula: germination index GI (Germination Index)=(leaching liquor percentage of seedgermination × germination root is long)/(blank solution percentage of seedgermination × germination root is long) × 100%.
1.1.8 the mensuration of water content
105 DEG C of glass dishes are dried to 0.5h, cooling rear recording quality m
0.Get testing sample 10g left and right and add in the glass dish of above-mentioned oven dry, m weighs
1.Dry 4h～6h at 105 DEG C and weigh m
2.Water content is calculated according to following formula: W=(m
1-m
2)/(m
1-m
0) × 100%.
1.2 results and analysis
1.2.1 the lab scale research of different microbial inoculums to cattle manure intensification effect
In 4 kinds of function microbial inoculums for examination, be bacillus, aspergillus niger, mould, the yeast of wood successively to the order of cattle manure intensification effect.
As can be seen from Figure 1, what intensification effect was best is bacillus subtilis, and intensification can reach 5 DEG C, may be because gemma produces a large amount of biological heat in the time sprouting, system is rapidly heated, and saccharomycete activity at 8 DEG C is not high, little with the intensification difference of blank.
1.2.2 the effect that bacillus subtilis Different adding amount heats up to compost
Bacillus subtilis, in the process of solid fermentation, produces a large amount of gemma.Gemma is sprouted under optimum conditions, can produce a large amount of heats system is heated up.And bacillus subtilis can produce a large amount of protease and amylase, crude protein and starch in decomposition cow dung.
As can be seen from Figure 2,, when in mixed bacterium cultivation, the addition of bacillus is 1.5g, the activity of leavening performance is the strongest.
1.2.3 the effect that aspergillus niger Different adding amount heats up to compost
Aspergillus niger belongs to mould, in the process of solid fermentation production aspergillus niger microbial inoculum, forms a large amount of black spores, and spore is sprouted under preference temperature and damp condition.The auxiliary material powder of straw adding in test material contains the cellulose and the hemicellulose that are difficult in a large number by the decomposition of the microorganism of other type and utilization, but can be used as the carbon source material of aspergillus niger spore sprouting and mycelial growth.Aspergillus niger produces a large amount of heat in the process of utilizing cellulose and hemicellulose in supplementary material.
As can be seen from Figure 3,, while adding 1.0g aspergillus niger in mixed bacterium, the activity of leavening performance is the strongest.
1.2.4 the effect that trichoderma reesei Different adding amount heats up to compost
As can be seen from Figure 4, in mixed bacterium, the mould optimal dose of wood is 1.5g, adds 1.5g wood when mould, and the activity of leavening performance is the strongest.Testing trichoderma reesei used is cellulase high-yield, contains a large amount of cellulases in the microbial inoculum of solid fermentation, can decompose cellulose in supplementary material as carbon source.
1.2.5 the effect that yeast Different adding amount heats up to compost
As can be seen from Figure 5, the addition of yeast and intensification relation are little, have further verified the result of single factor experiment: the interpolation of yeast is to the compost DeGrain that heats up.Test used yeast is high temperature modification saccharomyces cerevisiae.General yeast can only utilize monose or compound sugar as carbon source, and can not utilize starch.The content that records reduced sugar in test cow dung used is 2.413mg/g, can not provide enough carbon sources for the growth of yeast, so heat up slowly.
Comprehensive above-mentioned experiment of single factor result is known, in cow dung compost, the optimal proportion of four kinds of test strains is Ku grass Ya spore Gan Jun ︰ Hei Qu Mei ︰ wood mould=3 ︰ 2 ︰ 3.
1.2.6 the batch production pilot-scale experiment of different microbial inoculums to cattle manure intensification effect
In compost, the optimum temperature of thermophilic microorganism is 55 DEG C～60 DEG C, at this temperature, can degrade in a large number organic matter and fast decoupled cellulose.The too high temperature of compost can consume organic fast, reduces the quality of composting production.Also be unfavorable for becoming thoroughly decomposed of compost but temperature is too low, the activity of the microorganism in compost in the time of 40 DEG C of left and right only has 2/3 left and right of optimum temperature, and this can make harmful substance decompose slowly, compost time lengthening, and be unfavorable for becoming thoroughly decomposed of compost.So in improving compost temperature, adopt the mode of turning compost is ventilated and lower the temperature, make its temperature at 55 DEG C～60 DEG C, reach the highest biological degradation activity.
As seen from Figure 6, compost started in one day, respectively organized intensification effect difference little.But the test group temperature of later adding microbial inoculum for a day is accelerated to rise, and the blank group of not adding any microbial inoculum heat up continue mild.And, add aspergillus niger and wood is mould the most obvious to intensification effect, the aspergillus niger effect that heats up is in early days remarkable, and add, wood is mould has obvious accelerated warming effect in the middle and later periods of heating up.This may be owing to there being a large amount of spores of not sprouting in aspergillus niger and trichoderma, spore is sprouted generation heat and caused the acceleration that heats up in compositing system.In test, bacillus subtilis intensification effect is lower than other three kinds of microbial inoculums, and the result of this and laboratory lab scale there are differences.They may be because the initial temperature of lab scale is 8 DEG C, and the initial temperature of pilot scale be at 14 DEG C, is now more beneficial to the sprouting of fungal spore, thereby makes aspergillus niger and the mould intensification effect of wood be better than bacillus subtilis.Yeast has also embodied certain activity in temperature-rise period, may be because starch etc. is decomposed into monose or compound sugar by the indigenous microorganism in compost, as the carbon source of yeast growth.
1.2.7 the compliance test result of best microbial inoculum combination
4 kinds of leavening proportionings to the intensification effect test of compost as shown in Figure 7, after the combination of best microbial inoculum, can reach the high temperature of 60 DEG C in second day temperature of compost in A group, and tri-groups of B, C, D all reached 60 DEG C of high temperature at the 4th day.Use as can be seen here the fermentation Inoculant of optimization of C/C composites can shorten the heating-up time at compost initial stage, make compost enter fast the megathermal period.
Up to the present scholars change from physics, chemistry, the biology of compost the index that has proposed multiple evaluation compost maturity.The effective ways of inspection compost maturity by the phytotoxicity of biology method measuring compost.Germination index (GI) is the index that by inspection compost, whether plant germination is produced inhibitory action and evaluated compost hazard-free degree, and it not only can detect the phytotoxicity level of compost sample, and can predict the phytotoxic variation of compost.
Fertilizer is applied to crop production.Germination index, as biological indicator, can very objectively reflect the application security of composting production, is reliable Indexes of Maturity Evaluation.There is researcher to think, in test, if GI>50% shows that compost has become thoroughly decomposed and reached acceptable degree, does not have toxicity substantially.The germination index of this test pilot product is in table 2.
The germination index of the compliance test result test of the best microbial inoculum combination of table 2 is measured
Result of the test demonstration, the germination index of all experimental group is all greater than 50%, substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed.A group (inoculating best microbial inoculum combination) germination index 88.9%, becomes thoroughly decomposed the most complete, has substantially eliminated due to the not exclusively inhibitory action to plant germination of becoming thoroughly decomposed.This is that time megathermal period is relatively long, becomes thoroughly decomposed more complete because A organizes quick heating.So the fermentation Inoculant that adds optimization of C/C composites has played good facilitation to the maturation of compost.In actual production, can shorten the production time, reduce production costs, improve compost utilization of area rate, reduce the construction cost of dung yard.
Yeast, bacillus subtilis, the mould facilitation of cow dung compost being fermented with four kinds of microorganisms of aspergillus niger of wood are studied respectively, and inquire into the interaction of several microorganisms in the time of compost fermentation, obtain one group of high-effective microorganism combination that can make cow dung compost be rapidly heated becoming thoroughly decomposed simultaneously.Result of the test demonstration, the proportioning of this high-effective microorganism combination is Ku grass Ya spore Gan Jun ︰ Hei Qu Mei ︰ trichoderma reesei=3 ︰ 2 ︰ 3, yeast role in temperature-rise period is not obvious.Pilot-scale experiment shows, with this microorganism combination, can make compost become thoroughly decomposed about 10 days, and make the germination index of cow dung compost product improve respectively 21.7%.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis, comprises the following steps:
1) take the fertilizer of 60 parts, the inorganic fertilizer of 25 parts, the trace element of 8 parts, the fermenting compound fungus of 0.5 part, the ferment bacterium of 1 part, the amino acid of 7 parts, the B B-complex of 5 parts, the actinomyces of 0.8 part and the photosynthetic bacteria of 0.3 part by above-mentioned ratio of weight and number; Wherein,
Bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei weight ratio are 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 1 ︰ 1; ; Weight ratio 10 ︰ 1 ︰ 1 of cow dung, wheat bran and soya-bean cake in fertilizer; In inorganic fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1 ︰ 1 ︰ 1; In trace element, the weight ratio of calcium, magnesium, sulphur, boron, zinc, selenium and molybdenum is 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 1 ︰ 5 ︰ 2 ︰ 7 ︰ 4; In B B-complex, vitamin A, Cobastab and ascorbic weight ratio are 1 ︰ 1 ︰ 1;
2) fermenting compound fungus is mixed by weight 1 ︰ 5 with water, obtain diluting bacterium liquid;
3) by step 2) in dilution bacterium liquid add fertilizer, mix, pile up in heapsly, circulation upset, ferments 10～15 days, can reach the state that substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed, and obtains one grade fermemtation thing;
4) to step 3) in add ferment bacterium in the one grade fermemtation thing that obtains, fermentation is to becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, low temperature drying, pulverizes and obtains second order fermentation thing;
5) to step 4) in add inorganic fertilizer, trace element, amino acid, B B-complex, actinomyces and photosynthetic bacteria in second order fermentation thing, mix granulation balling-up, sorting obtains biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis, comprises the following steps:
1) take the fertilizer of 70 parts, the inorganic fertilizer of 20 parts, the trace element of 4 parts, the fermenting compound fungus of 0.1 part, the ferment bacterium of 1 part, the amino acid of 3 parts, the B B-complex of 1 part, the actinomyces of 0.3 part and the photosynthetic bacteria of 0.3 part by above-mentioned ratio of weight and number; Wherein,
Bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei weight ratio are 2 ︰ 4 ︰ 2 ︰ 2; Molecular weight≤3000 of chitosan oligosaccharide; Weight ratio 10 ︰ 3 ︰ 3 of cow dung, wheat bran and soya-bean cake in fertilizer; In inorganic fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 2 ︰ 1 ︰ 1; In trace element, the weight ratio of calcium, magnesium, sulphur, boron, zinc, selenium and molybdenum is 2 ︰ 1 ︰ 0.5 ︰ 3 ︰ 1 ︰ 9 ︰ 1; In B B-complex, vitamin A, Cobastab and ascorbic weight ratio are 1 ︰ 3 ︰ 3;
2) fermenting compound fungus is mixed by weight 1 ︰ 50 with water, obtain diluting bacterium liquid;
3) by step 2) in dilution bacterium liquid add in fertilizer, mix, pile up in heapsly, circulation upset, ferments 10～15 days, can reach the state that substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed, and obtains one grade fermemtation thing;
4) to step 3) in add ferment bacterium in the one grade fermemtation thing that obtains, fermentation is to becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, low temperature drying, pulverizes and obtains second order fermentation thing;
5) to step 4) in add inorganic fertilizer, trace element, humic acid, amino acid, B B-complex, actinomyces and photosynthetic bacteria in second order fermentation thing, mix granulation balling-up, sorting obtains biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis, comprises the following steps:
1) take the fertilizer of 65 parts, the inorganic fertilizer of 22 parts, the trace element of 6 parts, the fermenting compound fungus of 0.3 part, the ferment bacterium of 2 parts, the humic acid of 3 parts, the amino acid of 5 parts, the B B-complex of 3 parts, the actinomyces of 0.5 part and the photosynthetic bacteria of 0.5 part by above-mentioned ratio of weight and number; Wherein,
The weight ratio of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei is 3 ︰ 2 ︰ 3; Molecular weight≤3000 of chitosan oligosaccharide; Weight ratio 10 ︰ 2 ︰ 2 of cow dung, wheat bran and soya-bean cake in fertilizer; In inorganic fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1 ︰ 1 ︰ 1; In trace element, the weight ratio of calcium, magnesium, sulphur, boron, zinc, selenium and molybdenum is 2 ︰ 2 ︰ 0.8 ︰ 4 ︰ 1 ︰ 8 ︰ 3; In B B-complex, vitamin A, Cobastab and ascorbic weight ratio are 1 ︰ 1 ︰ 1;
2) fermenting compound fungus is mixed by weight 1 ︰ 50 with water, obtain diluting bacterium liquid;
3) by step 2) in dilution bacterium liquid add in fertilizer, mix, pile up in heapsly, circulation upset, ferments 10～15 days, can reach the state that substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed, and obtains one grade fermemtation thing;
4) to step 3) in add ferment bacterium in the one grade fermemtation thing that obtains, fermentation is to becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, low temperature drying, pulverizes and obtains second order fermentation thing;
5) to step 4) in add inorganic fertilizer, trace element, humic acid, amino acid, B B-complex, actinomyces and photosynthetic bacteria in second order fermentation thing, mix granulation balling-up, sorting obtains biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis.
Two, embodiment 3 prepares biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis and carries out field experiment
1, materials and methods
1.1 test site; Pan Tang Shu Ci village, Xinzhou District.
1.2 for examination fish pond
Test fish pond.
Soil testing method: organic-heavy complex acid potassium capacity method, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen-1N NaOH diffusion method, the lixiviate of rapid available phosphorus-0.5M sodium acid carbonate, molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, the lixiviate of available potassium-1N ammonium acetate, flame spectrometry, pH value-potentiometry, lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury-flame spectrometry
1.3 test method
Adopt random district to arrange, establish altogether 4 processing, repeat Ji15Ge community, community area 20m for four times
2.Process as follows:
Process 1: conventional fertilizer application+dispenser 2 times
Process 3: conventional fertilizer application+biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis (200kg/667m
2)+dispenser 2 times
Process 4: conventional fertilizer application+biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis (200kg/667m
2)+dispenser 1 time
Biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis base before rice transplanting is executed, and equivalent fine sand consumption is identical.
2, results and analysis
Biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis, has obvious production-increasing function to fish.Every 1m
2volume increase 200kg.
Other unspecified part is prior art.Although above-described embodiment has been made detailed description to the present invention; but it is only the present invention's part embodiment; instead of whole embodiment, people can also obtain other embodiment according to the present embodiment under without creative prerequisite, and these embodiment belong to protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis, is characterized in that: described fuel pulvis is made up of the fertilizer of 60～70 parts, the inorganic fertilizer of 20～25 parts, the trace element of 4～8 parts, the fermenting compound fungus of 0.1～0.5 part, the ferment bacterium of 1～2 part, the amino acid of 3～7 parts, the B B-complex of 1～5 part, the actinomyces of 0.3～0.8 part and the photosynthetic bacteria of 0.3～0.8 part by the ratio of weight and number of raw material.
2. biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fermenting compound fungus is the Mixed Microbes of bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, trichoderma reesei and aspergillus niger, wherein, described bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei weight ratio are 2 ︰ 0～4 ︰ 1～2 ︰ 1～2.
3. biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: fermenting compound fungus is the Mixed Microbes of bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, trichoderma reesei and aspergillus niger, wherein, the weight ratio of described bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and trichoderma reesei is 3 ︰ 2 ︰ 3.
4. biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described fertilizer is the mixture of fowl and animal excrement, wheat bran, soya-bean cake and Paris white, wherein, described fowl and animal excrement be in cow dung, pig manure and pig manure any one or a few, weight ratio 10 ︰ 1～3 ︰ 1～3 ︰ 1～2 of fowl and animal excrement, wheat bran and soya-bean cake and Paris white in described fertilizer.
5. biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described inorganic fertilizer is the mixing fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and in described inorganic fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 2 ︰ 1～2 ︰ 1～2.
6. biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described trace element comprises calcium, magnesium, sulphur, boron, zinc, selenium and molybdenum, wherein, the weight ratio of calcium, magnesium, sulphur, boron, zinc, selenium and molybdenum is 2 ︰ 1～3 ︰ 0.5～1 ︰ 3～5 ︰ 1～2 ︰ 7～9 ︰ 1～4.
7. biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described B B-complex is vitamin A, Cobastab and ascorbic mixture, wherein, in B B-complex, vitamin A, Cobastab and ascorbic weight ratio are 1 ︰ 1～3 ︰ 1～3.
8. a biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis preparation method claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) take fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, trace element, fermenting compound fungus, ferment bacterium, amino acid, B B-complex, actinomyces and photosynthetic bacteria by above-mentioned ratio of weight and number;
2) fermenting compound fungus is mixed by weight 1 ︰ 5～50 with water, obtain diluting bacterium liquid;
3) by step 2) in dilution bacterium liquid add in fertilizer, mix, pile up in heapsly, circulation upset, ferments 10～15 days, can reach the state that substantially becomes thoroughly decomposed, and obtains one grade fermemtation thing;
4) to step 3) in add ferment bacterium in the one grade fermemtation thing that obtains, fermentation is to becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, low temperature drying, pulverizes and obtains second order fermentation thing;
5) to step 4) in add inorganic fertilizer, trace element, amino acid, B B-complex, actinomyces and photosynthetic bacteria in second order fermentation thing, mix granulation balling-up, sorting obtains biological organic aquaculture fuel pulvis.
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| CN105254417A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-01-20 | 武汉瑞泽园生物环保科技有限公司 | Fertilizer water agent produced through multi-strain fermentation cow dung and preparation thereof |
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| CN108740555A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-11-06 | 金寨县康王寨家庭农场 | A kind of nutrition additive for aquaculture |
| CN108975521A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-11 | 浙江九田环保科技有限公司 | The microbial bacteria agent prescription of aquaculture processing waste water |
| CN109455823A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-12 | 扬州红硕环境与生物工程研究有限公司 | Phosphatic preparation and its preparation method and application in a kind of fixed water body |
| CN115161243A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-11 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Streptomyces nigrogriseus capable of increasing yield of polygonatum sibiricum and application of streptomyces nigrogriseus |
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