CN105036986A - Microbial fertilizer resistant to diseases and insects and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microbial fertilizer resistant to diseases and insects and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial fertilizer resistant to diseases and insects and a preparation method thereof. The microbial fertilizer resistant to diseases and insects comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of plant stalks, 40-100 parts of grain alcohol residue, 0.5-0.7 part of a bacillus inoculant, 0.2-0.4 part of a streptomycete inoculant, 0.4-0.6 part of a trichoderma inoculant, 0.06-0.08 part of a photosynthetic bacterium inoculant, 5-15 parts of calcium sulphate, 5-15 parts of magnesium chloride and 8-16 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The microbial fertilizer resistant to diseases and insects contains the plant stalks as well as the bacillus inoculant, streptomycete inoculant, trichoderma inoculant and photosynthetic bacterium inoculant, wherein the bacillus inoculant contains bacillus thuringiensis and can resist to diseases and kill insects; streptomycete can produce streptomycin capable of resisting to diseases and inhibiting proliferation of insects, and trichoderma can enhance stress resistance of crops; and the photosynthetic bacterium inoculant contains substances which are resistant to bacteria and viruses and can passivate pathogenicity of pathogens and inhibit growth of the pathogens. By adopting the technical scheme, disease and insect resistance of the microbial fertilizer is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizer, particularly relate to microbial fertilizer of a kind of Resistant and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In China, for many years due to the life-time service of chemical fertilizer, fertilizer is not enough, all kinds of nutrients ratio imbalance, cause the destruction that farmland ecological environment, soil physico-chemical property and soil microflora are subject in various degree, have impact on the safety of agricultural-food to a certain extent.At present, crop prevention and elimination of disease and pests mainly uses chemicals and toxic pesticides through mix and blend, in being manured into soil or on farm crop, the agricultural chemicals that life-time service is a large amount of and chemical fertilizer, easily make insect produce resistance, soil compaction, pollute water source, soil and farm crop, agricultural product quality declines.And bio-feritlizer is a kind of environmental friendly fertilizer, become one of important directions of the future of agriculture Sustainable development.
In prior art, although microbial fertilizer provides comprehensive nutritive substance, generally lack pest-resistant anti-harmful ability.This causes needing in growing process separately to execute pest-resistant fertilizer, makes troubles.Chinese patent CN1274702A, invention is the application in a kind of composite bacteria agent, preparation method and preparation bio-bacterial manure, this invention microbial fertilizer is compound manure, complete function, but lack good insect pest effect, although Su Yun gold bud robe bacillus has insect-resistance, effect is not remarkable, need strengthen bacterial classification amount and could improve insect pest function.Except microbial inoculum, the corresponding appearance of increasing liquid biological fertilizer, this not only simplifies the step of applying of microbial inoculum fertilizer, maximizedly ensure that fertilizer is active, and production technique is corresponding simplification also.Chinese patent CN1397521A, disclose a kind of liquid-state composite bacterial microbe, bacterial classification obtains the effective bacterial strain of fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, solution silicate through mutagenic treatment, and production technique simplifies order, and ' finished product reduces, but only relate to nutritional type bacterial strain, without obvious insect pest effect.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of Resistant effect good microbial fertilizer.
Containing a microbial fertilizer for ooze, comprise 100 parts of straws, 40 ~ 100 parts of grain alcohol slags, 0.5 ~ 0.7 part of gemma bacillus agent, 0.2 ~ 0.4 part of drappus microbial inoculum, 0.4 ~ 0.6 portion of Trichoderma microbial inoculum, 0.06 ~ 0.08 portion of photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, 5 ~ 15 parts of calcium sulfate, 5 ~ 15 parts of magnesium chlorides, 8 ~ 16 parts of potassium primary phosphates according to mass parts.
As a preferably embodiment, containing the microbial fertilizer of ooze in the present invention, comprise 100 parts of straws, 60 parts of grain alcohol slags, 0.6 part of gemma bacillus agent, 0.3 part of drappus microbial inoculum, 0.52 portion of Trichoderma microbial inoculum, 0.065 portion of photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, 12 parts of calcium sulfate, 10 parts of magnesium chlorides, 10 parts of potassium primary phosphates according to mass parts.
The general name of ripe farm crop cauline leaf (fringe) part of afore-mentioned plants stalk.Limit especially as stalk of the present invention, the example of rice straw, wheat stalk, maize straw, rape stalk, cotton stalk can be enumerated.
Aforementioned, grain alcohol slag refers to adopt the rear remaining waste of cereal wine brewing.Limiting especially as stalk of the present invention, can enumerate paddy alcohol slag, wheat alcohol slag, Chinese sorghum alcohol slag, corn alcohol slag, soybean alcohol slag, is preferably paddy alcohol slag, wheat alcohol slag and Chinese sorghum alcohol slag.The mass ratio of three can be 1:0.3 ~ 0.6:0.9 ~ 1.1.Grain alcohol slag contains abundant monose, polysaccharide, can be used as the material of microbial decomposition.In addition, the recycling to alcohol slag can be realized, avoid the pressure of waste treatment to environment.
Aforementioned, genus bacillus has following effect: 1. moisture retention is strong: the natural materials forming intensity very excellent gathers Vetsin, is the protective membrane of soil, prevents fertile part and moisture loss; 2. organic matter decomposition power is strong: while propagation, can disengage highly active amylase, and the macromolecular substance that difficulty is decomposed is resolved into available small-molecule substance; 3. produce abundant metabolism resultant: synthesize the materials such as multiple organic acid, enzyme, physiologically active, and other multiple nutrient be easily utilized; 4. antibacterial, harmful power of going out is strong: there is the advantage of taking up space, suppress the growth and breeding of the harmful microbe such as harmful bacteria, pathogenic bacteria; 5. deodorizing: the organic substance, organic sulfide, organonitrogen etc. that produce foul gas can be decomposed, greatly improve the environment in place.It is that it produces an important embodiment of multiple digestive ferment that genus bacillus can improve breeding performonce fo animals.Research shows, genus bacillus can produce multiple digestive ferment, helps animal digesting and assimilating nutritive substance.Genus bacillus has stronger proteolytic enzyme, amylase and lipase activity, also there is the enzyme of complex carbohydrates in degraded feed simultaneously, as polygalacturonase, dextranase, cellulase etc., these enzymes can destroy the cell walls of plant feed cell, the nutritive substance of cell is impelled to discharge, and the antinutritional factor can eliminated in feed, reduce the obstacle that antinutritional factor utilizes animal digestion.
As gemma bacillus agent of the present invention, its bacterial classification is preferably Bacillus licheniformis, colloid bacillus cereus, subtilis and bacillus thuringiensis.Particularly well, Bacillus licheniformis, colloid bacillus cereus, subtilis and bacillus thuringiensis microbial inoculum mass ratio 1:0.8 ~ 1.2:0.9 ~ 1.1:0.6 ~ 0.9.Here, the mass ratio of four microorganisms refers to the quality of four microbial inoculums.
Containing Bacillus licheniformis, colloid bacillus cereus, subtilis and bacillus thuringiensis in the present invention, the plurality of plant diseases such as cotton wilt, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), take-all, rice blast, leaf blight, cucumber at seedling stage broken disease, potato S.scabies, vegetable sprout term dry thread Pyrenomycetes, spinach blight, wheat scab, the red carninomatosis of apple, root rotof flax, ring rot of apple can be prevented and treated.
The living bacteria count concentration of gemma bacillus agent is preferably 220 ~ 30,000,000,000/gram.Herein, the concrete subspecies of Bacillus licheniformis, colloid bacillus cereus, subtilis and bacillus thuringiensis do not limit, and any one all can reach the object of the present invention.The concrete preparation method of gemma bacillus agent will be described herein-after.Aforementioned, sorbent material can be made up of organic powder of 50 ~ 70wt% and 30 ~ 50wt% inorganic powder.Herein, organic powder be selected from wheat drum, rice bran, soya bean stem meal, dregs of beans, corn cob meal, any one or two or more; Inorganic powder be selected from zeolite, diatomite, frog stone, attapulgite, light calcium carbonate, ground phosphate rock or potassium breeze any one or two or more.The bacterial classification of aforementioned genus bacillus can be made up of previously described Bacillus licheniformis, colloid bacillus cereus, subtilis and bacillus thuringiensis.First these four kinds of genus bacillus can be made respectively the microbial inoculum amount of single bacterial classification according to the method, then be that four kinds of single bacteria agents mix by 1:0.8 ~ 1.2:0.9 ~ 1.1:0.6 ~ 0.9 according to mass ratio.
Aforementioned, streptomycete can produce the microbiotic of Streptomycin sulphate, has fall ill worm or microorganism to cause restraining effect to other in soil.Preferably, the living bacteria count concentration of drappus microbial inoculum be 2 ~ 600,000,000/gram.
Aforementioned Trichoderma can produce multiple biologically active substance plant pathogenic fungi, bacterium and insect to antagonistic action, such as cell wall degradation enzyme and secondary metabolite, and can improve the resistance of farm crop, Promoting plant growth and raising agricultural output.Preferably, the living bacteria count concentration of Trichoderma microbial inoculum be 30 ~ 6,000,000,000/gram.
Photosynthetic bacterium can promote that soil material transforms, and improves Soil structure, increases soil fertility, and promotes plant growth.Photosynthetic bacterium mostly has a nitrogen fixing capacity, can improve soil nitrogen level, effectively can improve some organic composition, sulfide, ammonia-state nitrogen in soil by its Metabolic activity, and promote the conversion of noxious pollutant (as agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer).Can promote that beneficial microorganism is bred simultaneously, make the material cycle jointly participating in soil ecology.In addition, the abundant physiologically active substance that photosynthetic bacterium produces directly can be absorbed by plant as proline(Pro), VITAMIN, ubiquinone, carotenoid etc., contributes to improving crop alimentary, the activity of activated plant cell, promote root system development, improve photosynthesis and reproductive growth ability.Containing several physiological active substances in Fermentation by Photosynthetic Bacteria liquid, as chlorophyll, carotenoid, multivitamin (especially vitamin B group), various plants hormone is (as work AA, GA3, ABA, ethene, phytokinin), nucleic acid, Whitfield's ointment, multiple amino acids and single-cell protein etc.These physiologically active substances have or promote plant root to grow or promote plant leaf growth or promote the accumulation of some specific component in fruit or increase crop yield, thus improve quality of agricultural product.Photosynthetic bacterium can strengthen crop disease-resistant diseases prevention ability.Photosynthetic bacterium contains antibacterium, antiviral material, the virulence of these substance passivation pathogenic agent and suppression pathogenic growth.The activity of photosynthetic bacterium simultaneously can promote the beneficial microorganism propagation such as actinomycetes, suppresses the pernicious bacteria growths such as filamentous fungus, thus effectively suppresses some generation of planting disease and spread.Because photosynthetic bacterium has defending and fighting against diseases effect, the fruit shelf lives can be extended.Photosynthetic bacterium can improve Plant Leaf chlorophyll contents, promote the growth of the microorganism species such as vinelandii, root nodule bacterium, actinomycetes in soil, after tobacco, radish, sweet potato, Soybean and Other Crops spray photosynthetic bacterium, all can improve vinelandii in soil, root nodule bacterium, actinomycetes and bacterial number, filamentous fungus then reduces, and plays the effect of soil remediation.Photosynthetic bacterium also has and alleviates agricultural chemicals to the murder by poisoning of farm crop and deteriorating pesticide residue.As photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum of the present invention, preferably, its living bacteria count concentration be 60 ~ 10,000,000,000/gram.
What deserves to be explained is, aforementioned gemma bacillus agent, drappus microbial inoculum, Trichoderma microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum can adopt the conventional method in this area to prepare.Such as " culture medium culturing, inoculation, fermentation " can adopt the conventional operation in this area to carry out according to actual selection.The selection being placed in substratum can adopt this area routine according to the concrete biological attribute of microorganism, and such as, substratum for genus bacillus can be peptone 10g, extractum carnis 15g, NACL15g, distilled water 1000ml, agar 18g; PH is regulated to be 7, sterilizing 20min under 0.1Mpa.Substratum for Pseudomonas aeruginosa can peptone 5g, glucose 5g, potassium primary phosphate 2g, sodium-chlor 5g, water 1000ml, regulates pH to be 7, lower sterilizing 20min at 121 DEG C.
Another aspect of the invention provides the method for the good microbial fertilizer of the above-mentioned Resistant effect of preparation.
Prepare the method as above-mentioned microbial fertilizer, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) gemma bacillus agent, drappus microbial inoculum, Trichoderma microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum are added to humidity be 60 ~ 80% straw and grain alcohol slag in, at being placed in 30 ~ 40 DEG C, aerobic fermentation 30 ~ 48 ~ 72h, obtains fermentable material;
(2) by same for mentioned microorganism fermentation material calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, potassium primary phosphate mixing, microbial fertilizer is obtained.
Aforementioned, term " humidity " refers to that moisture accounts for the per-cent of all-mass.In step (1), in order to build aerobic environment, in fermentation substrate, namely a cavity can be reserved in straw and grain alcohol slag.
In microbial fertilizer of the present invention, comprise straw and gemma bacillus agent, drappus microbial inoculum, Trichoderma microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, gemma bacillus agent comprises bacillus thuringiensis can murder disease worm; Streptomycete can produce the Streptomycin sulphate suppressing the breeding of sick worm, and Trichoderma can strengthen the resistance of farm crop; Photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum contains antibacterium, antiviral material, and the virulence of these substance passivation pathogenic agent and suppression pathogenic growth, such scheme improves the Resistant effect of microbial fertilizer.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Following raw material is taken: 100 parts of straws, 40 parts of grain alcohol slags, 0.5 part of gemma bacillus agent, 0.2 part of drappus microbial inoculum, 0.4 portion of Trichoderma microbial inoculum, 0.06 portion of photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, 15 parts of calcium sulfate, 15 parts of magnesium chlorides, 16 parts of potassium primary phosphates according to mass parts.Its concrete preparation method is as follows:
Gemma bacillus agent, drappus microbial inoculum, Trichoderma microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum are added to humidity be 60% straw and grain alcohol slag in, at being placed in 30 DEG C, aerobic fermentation 72h, obtains fermentable material.Then, by same for mentioned microorganism fermentation material calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, potassium primary phosphate mixing, microbial fertilizer is obtained.
Embodiment 2
Following raw material is taken: 100 parts of straws, 100 parts of grain alcohol slags, 0.7 part of gemma bacillus agent, 0.4 part of drappus microbial inoculum, 0.6 portion of Trichoderma microbial inoculum, 0.08 portion of photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, 5 parts of calcium sulfate, 5 parts of magnesium chlorides, 8 parts of potassium primary phosphates according to mass parts.Its concrete preparation method is as follows:
Gemma bacillus agent, drappus microbial inoculum, Trichoderma microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum are added to humidity be 80% straw and grain alcohol slag in, at being placed in 40 DEG C, aerobic fermentation 48h, obtains fermentable material.Then, by same for mentioned microorganism fermentation material calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, potassium primary phosphate mixing, microbial fertilizer is obtained.
Embodiment 3
Following raw material is taken: 100 parts of straws, 70 parts of grain alcohol slags, 0.5 part of gemma bacillus agent, 0.2 part of drappus microbial inoculum, 0.4 portion of Trichoderma microbial inoculum, 0.06 portion of photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, 15 parts of calcium sulfate, 15 parts of magnesium chlorides, 16 parts of potassium primary phosphates according to mass parts.Its concrete preparation method is as follows:
Gemma bacillus agent, drappus microbial inoculum, Trichoderma microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum are added to humidity be 70% straw and grain alcohol slag in, at being placed in 34 DEG C, aerobic fermentation 60h, obtains fermentable material.Then, by same for mentioned microorganism fermentation material calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, potassium primary phosphate mixing, microbial fertilizer is obtained.
Embodiment 4
Following raw material is taken: 100 parts of straws, 60 parts of grain alcohol slags, 0.6 part of gemma bacillus agent, 0.3 part of drappus microbial inoculum, 0.52 portion of Trichoderma microbial inoculum, 0.065 portion of photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, 12 parts of calcium sulfate, 10 parts of magnesium chlorides, 10 parts of potassium primary phosphates according to mass parts.Its concrete preparation method is as follows:
Gemma bacillus agent, drappus microbial inoculum, Trichoderma microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum are added to humidity be 70% straw and grain alcohol slag in, at being placed in 35 DEG C, aerobic fermentation 60h, obtains fermentable material.Then, by same for mentioned microorganism fermentation material calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, potassium primary phosphate mixing, microbial fertilizer is obtained.
Comparative example
Not containing gemma bacillus agent, drappus microbial inoculum, Trichoderma microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, the proportioning of other composition is with embodiment 4.
The fertilizer of embodiment 1 to 4 and comparative example gained is tested according to following condition:
Fertilizer to be tested is applied to tobacco, and add up the incidence of the balck shank of tobacco, bacterial wilt, mosaic disease, result is as following table:
As can be seen from the above table, compared to comparative example 1, the microbial fertilizer of embodiment 1 to 4 has good disease resistance to the balck shank of tobacco, bacterial wilt, mosaic disease.
Applicant states, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment and process flow process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process, namely do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to equivalence replacement and the interpolation of ancillary component, the concrete way choice etc. of each raw material of product of the present invention, all drops within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (10)
1. the microbial fertilizer of a Resistant, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises 100 parts of straws, 40 ~ 100 parts of grain alcohol slags, 0.5 ~ 0.7 part of gemma bacillus agent, 0.2 ~ 0.4 part of drappus microbial inoculum, 0.4 ~ 0.6 portion of Trichoderma microbial inoculum, 0.06 ~ 0.08 portion of photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, 5 ~ 15 parts of calcium sulfate, 5 ~ 15 parts of magnesium chlorides, 8 ~ 16 parts of potassium primary phosphates according to mass parts.
2. microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, its raw material comprises 100 parts of straws, 60 parts of grain alcohol slags, 0.6 part of gemma bacillus agent, 0.3 part of drappus microbial inoculum, 0.52 portion of Trichoderma microbial inoculum, 0.065 portion of photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum, 12 parts of calcium sulfate, 10 parts of magnesium chlorides, 10 parts of potassium primary phosphates according to mass parts.
3. microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described straw be selected from rice straw, wheat stalk, maize straw, rape stalk, cotton stalk any one or two or more.
4. microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the paddy alcohol slag of described grain alcohol slag to be mass ratio be 1:0.3 ~ 0.6:0.9 ~ 1.1, wheat alcohol slag and Chinese sorghum alcohol slag.
5. microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the living bacteria count concentration of described gemma bacillus agent is 220 ~ 30,000,000,000/gram.
6. microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the Bacillus licheniformis of described gemma bacillus agent to be mass ratio be 1:0.8 ~ 1.2:0.9 ~ 1.1:0.6 ~ 0.9, colloid bacillus cereus, subtilis and bacillus thuringiensis.
7. microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the living bacteria count concentration of described drappus microbial inoculum is 2 ~ 600,000,000/gram.
8. microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the living bacteria count concentration of described Trichoderma microbial inoculum is 30 ~ 6,000,000,000/gram.
9. microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the living bacteria count concentration of described photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum is 60 ~ 10,000,000,000/gram.
10. prepare a method for microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) gemma bacillus agent, drappus microbial inoculum, Trichoderma microbial inoculum, photosynthetic bacterium microbial inoculum are added to humidity be 60 ~ 80% straw and grain alcohol slag in, at being placed in 30 ~ 40 DEG C, aerobic fermentation 30 ~ 48 ~ 72h, obtains fermentable material;
(2) by same for mentioned microorganism fermentation material calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, potassium primary phosphate mixing, microbial fertilizer is obtained.
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| CN105367305A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-02 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Compound microbial fertilizer with disease and pest resistance as well as preparation method and application of compound microbial fertilizer |
| CN106336329A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-18 | 佛山市艳晖生物科技有限公司 | Microbial bacterial fertilizer special for honeysuckles and preparation method thereof |
| CN106565350A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-19 | 凤台县丰恒农业发展有限公司 | Fertilizer additive improving fertilizer efficiency of paddy field and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107619334A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-23 | 济南航晨生物科技有限公司 | A kind of special ocean type disease-resistant compound microbial fertilizer of the red sage root |
| CN106336329A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-18 | 佛山市艳晖生物科技有限公司 | Microbial bacterial fertilizer special for honeysuckles and preparation method thereof |
| CN106565350A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-19 | 凤台县丰恒农业发展有限公司 | Fertilizer additive improving fertilizer efficiency of paddy field and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106588407A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-26 | 凤台县丰恒农业发展有限公司 | Microorganism complex gel type fertilizer additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN106588408A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-26 | 凤台县丰恒农业发展有限公司 | Insect pest resistant solid state fermentation gel type fertilizer additive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107723258A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-23 | 杨建设 | Prevent and treat composite bacteria agent of tobacco bacterial wilt and preparation method thereof |
| CN107721682A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-02-23 | 安徽绿雨种业股份有限公司 | A kind of composite fertilizer for improving disease-resistant wheat power |
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