CN102835713B - 一种针叶樱桃果粉及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种针叶樱桃果粉及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN102835713B
CN102835713B CN201210215139.9A CN201210215139A CN102835713B CN 102835713 B CN102835713 B CN 102835713B CN 201210215139 A CN201210215139 A CN 201210215139A CN 102835713 B CN102835713 B CN 102835713B
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juice
acerola cherry
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柴婴蕾
翁慧燕
薛莲
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Hainan Yangshengtang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种果汁固形物含量高、易储存的针叶樱桃果粉，以及它的制造方法。

Description

一种针叶樱桃果粉及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及果汁固形物含量高、流动性好、易加工储存的一种针叶樱桃果粉，以及它的制造方法。
背景技术
针叶樱桃，又名西印度樱桃，英文名为acerola,WestIndianCherry,Barbadoscherry，为金虎尾科金虎尾属植物（MalpighiaglabraL.,MalpighiaPunicifoliaL.orMalpighiaemarginataDC.），原产热带美洲，近年国内海南等地也有引种。针叶樱桃果含有丰富的维生素、矿物质以及多酚物质，尤其维生素C含量远远高于一般水果，青果中每100克可达2-4克以上，是非常好的天然维生素C来源。也有一些有益成分被发现，如在中国公开的专利CN101115763A(来源于针叶樱桃的新型多元酚配糖体），CN10117266A(来源于西印度樱桃果实的果胶和其应用)。
将针叶樱桃鲜果采用常规浓缩果汁加工方法而成的浓缩果汁，指未经过有机溶剂提取、发酵降低糖分等各种有意提高果汁中某成分含量的方法或过程。比如直接压榨出汁，或加水破碎提取，不澄清或采用酶法或其他常规方法澄清，利用真空浓缩而成。不添加糖酸等调节剂，尽可能保留针叶樱桃原有的营养物质。
上述这样的果汁，保留大部分营养成分，对人有很好的益处。但其富含的易氧化物质容易被破坏，也易产生沉淀等问题，如作为液体饮料形式供应，在货架期内不易储存。将果汁干燥成粉，会有利于营养物质的保存。但这样的浓缩果汁，含有较多的糖分，不易干燥，必须添加载体辅料做助干剂。采用冷冻干燥效率低，成本高，且干燥所得结块需粉碎成粉，流动性差，不适于压片等后续加工。采用喷雾干燥，一般用麦芽糊精或糊精做载体辅料，在添加量合适的情况下，可以得到喷雾干燥粉末。
果汁中固形物，是指果汁中除了水以外的其他物质，包括可溶性固形物和少量不溶的物质。可溶性固形物可以通过折射仪来测定，测定结果通常以BRIX来表示，为质量百分比。果汁固形物的量可以通过计算得到：果汁固形物量=果汁重量×BRIX(重量百分比)，该值与直接将果汁在105℃烘箱得到的物质量相比基本同。浓缩果汁中加入载体辅料如麦芽糊精干燥得到的粉末，为果汁中固形物以及加入的载体辅料比如麦芽糊精的混合物总量。
在前述针叶樱桃浓缩汁中，需要加入大量的麦芽糊精，才能采用一般喷雾干燥法得到果汁干粉。通常添加量在浓缩汁固形物/麦芽糊精的重量比为1:1时，才能出粉，得率很低，且该粉十分吸潮，不易储存，流动性差，无法用于后续加工。如再加大添加量，如浓缩汁固形物/麦芽糊精比例至少为4：6或糊精量更多，如此得到的粉，其中大部分为载体麦芽糊精，果汁固形物含量低，风味平淡。因此，要使果汁干粉中有至少一半或以上的果汁固形物含量，耐储存，且流动性好、还能用于后续加工，则不易实现。
发明内容
本发明提供一种果汁固形物含量高、流动性佳、储存性能优良、适宜加工尤其是压片的针叶樱桃果粉及其制造方法。
本发明人对上述要解决的问题进行了研究，结果发现，如在浓缩果汁中添加糊化过的氧化淀粉，混合均匀后，采用一般喷雾干燥方法，可以得到满足上述要求的果粉，从而完成本发明。
本发明第一方面涉及一种针叶樱桃果粉，其包括至少51-60质量%的针叶樱桃果汁固形物及40-49质量%的氧化淀粉。优选52-58质量%的针叶樱桃果汁固形物及42-48质量%的氧化淀粉。
本发明还涉及氧化淀粉在制备针叶樱桃果粉中的用途。
本发明还涉及制备针叶樱桃果粉的方法，其包括：A.从针叶樱桃果子加工成针叶樱桃浓缩汁,B.在所说的针叶樱桃浓缩汁中添加氧化淀粉，C.喷雾干燥。其中在B步骤中，氧化淀粉的添加量为符合浓缩汁固形物/氧化淀粉比例为浓缩汁固形物的量大于氧化淀粉的量，优选1.5至1。另外，氧化淀粉的加入可在加水升温糊化后再加入浓缩汁中混合均匀，或者可以是预糊化的氧化淀粉与浓缩汁混合。
具体实施方式
以下详细说明本发明的实施方式。
（得到针叶樱桃浓缩汁的步骤）
本发明包括从针叶樱桃果子加工成针叶樱桃浓缩汁的步骤（A步骤）。采用常规的浓缩果汁加工方法得到针叶樱桃浓缩汁。例如将针叶樱桃果压榨出汁，为使出汁充分，可加水，或者果胶酶。因针叶樱桃汁中营养物质容易氧化破坏，浓缩宜采用真空浓缩，如真空薄膜浓缩或者低温真空浓缩。浓缩过程中测果汁固形物含量，浓缩至20%-55%质量比为宜，通常通过测定BRIX值来确定。在此过程中，不采用任何有机溶剂提取方式。不进行发酵等降低糖分等各种处理方式，尽可能保留针叶樱桃汁中各种原有成分及比例。
本发明A步骤的下一个步骤是在浓缩汁中添加氧化淀粉。
（添加氧化淀粉的步骤）
在本发明中通过在针叶樱桃浓缩汁中添加氧化淀粉，使浓缩汁易于干燥，并且在少于一般载体添加量的情况下，实现果汁固形物含量高、口味好、流动性好、不易吸潮，能用于压片工艺的果粉。氧化淀粉是以玉米、木薯及其它天然淀粉为原料，经过氧化反应生产的食用变性淀粉。优选的氧化淀粉添加量为符合浓缩汁固形物/氧化淀粉比例为1.5至1，优选为1.4至1.1。如浓缩汁过多，导致果粉色深易潮，不利于后续加工，如浓缩汁过少，导致果粉口味淡、果汁营养物质少，价值低。氧化淀粉是一种低粘度淀粉，不溶于冷水，需加冷水分散后升温糊化，也可以采用预糊化过的氧化淀粉加水溶解后加入浓缩汁中，搅拌均匀。为使喷雾干燥能顺利进料得到合适的果粉，可调整进料的质量%浓度，通常控制在25-40质量%。
（喷雾干燥步骤）
在B步骤后，经过喷雾干燥步骤（C步骤），得到需要的针叶樱桃果粉。采用一般的喷雾干燥方法。
[实施例]
下面对实施例进行说明。以下的%除非另有限定，都指重量%。
实施例1
针叶樱桃青果经挑选清洗后，采用螺旋压榨机压榨得到的果汁，用离心分离机进行2000rpm、5分钟的离心分离后，去除果渣，25℃低温真空浓缩，至BRIX25°（固形物含量25%）。1重量份的冷藏浓缩汁,0.22份的氧化淀粉（LyckebyCulinarAB公司,LYCKEBY158），0.66份的纯化水。将氧化淀粉投入纯化水中，搅拌均匀，升温至80℃以上保持10分钟使其糊化后，与浓缩汁搅拌混合均匀，60℃保温进行喷雾干燥。收集干燥后的粉即为成品。针叶樱桃果粉中果汁固形物占53重量%。该粉流动性好，在温度30℃，相对湿度50%条件下敞开放置24小时，不结块。包装在HDPE塑料袋中，室温保存3年。
实施例2
针叶樱桃青果经挑选清洗后，采用螺旋压榨机压榨得到的果汁，用离心分离机进行2000rpm、5分钟的离心分离后，去除果渣，60℃真空薄膜浓缩至BRIX50°（固形物含量50%）。1重量份的冷藏浓缩汁,0.37份的氧化淀粉（LyckebyCulinarAB公司,LYCKEBY158），1.11份的纯化水。将氧化淀粉投入纯化水中，搅拌均匀，升温至80℃以上保持10分钟使其糊化后，与浓缩汁搅拌混合均匀，60℃保温进行喷雾干燥。收集干燥后的粉即为成品，其中果汁固形物占57质量%。该粉流动性好，在相对湿度40%条件下敞开放置24小时，不结块。
对照实施例1
按照实施例1方法，只是用0.22份麦芽糊精代替0.22份氧化淀粉。结果，喷雾干燥只能短暂进行，会粘壁，无法持续进行。收集少量干燥果粉在温度30℃，相对湿度50%条件下马上吸潮结成小粒和块。
对照实施例2
按照实施例2方法，只是用0.37份麦芽糊精代替0.37份氧化淀粉。结果粘壁严重，喷雾干燥无法进行，基本无收粉。

Claims (8)

1.一种针叶樱桃果粉，其包括51-60质量％的针叶樱桃果汁固形物及40-49质量％的氧化淀粉。
2.权利要求1所述的针叶樱桃果粉，其中包括52-58质量％的针叶樱桃果汁固形物及42-48质量％的氧化淀粉。
3.氧化淀粉在制备针叶樱桃果粉中的用途。
4.一种针叶樱桃果粉的制造方法，包括从针叶樱桃果子加工成针叶樱桃浓缩汁的步骤(A)，将浓缩汁喷雾干燥成粉的步骤(C)，其特征在于：在步骤A和步骤C之间，还具有在所说的针叶樱桃浓缩汁中添加氧化淀粉的步骤(B)，所述的B步骤中氧化淀粉的添加量，符合浓缩汁固形物/氧化淀粉比例为1.4至1.1。
5.如权利要求4所述的针叶樱桃果粉的制造方法，其中所述的B步骤中，包括在添加氧化淀粉时，根据果汁固形物及添加的氧化淀粉量，加水调整最终的质量百分比分数为25-40％。
6.如权利要求5所述的针叶樱桃果粉的制造方法，其中所说的氧化淀粉，在加水升温糊化后与浓缩汁混合均匀。
7.如权利要求5所述的针叶樱桃果粉的制造方法，其中所说的氧化淀粉是预糊化的，直接与浓缩汁混合均匀。
8.如权利要求4至7任意一项的方法获得的针叶樱桃果粉。
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CN103141787B (zh) * 2013-04-07 2014-08-13 韩金光 针叶樱桃制剂及其制备方法
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CN107232587A (zh) * 2016-03-28 2017-10-10 詹栩萌 一种天然硒vc超微营养粉及其生产方法
CN105707396A (zh) * 2016-04-05 2016-06-29 海南南派实业有限公司 一种青金桔组合物及其制备方法
CN106857999A (zh) * 2017-01-06 2017-06-20 武汉薇之恋生物科技有限公司 一种玛咖樱桃咖啡及其制备方法
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WO2012175040A1 (zh) 2012-12-27
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