CN102696381A - Rotation method for increasing quality of tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Rotation method for increasing quality of tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN102696381A CN102696381A CN2012102061284A CN201210206128A CN102696381A CN 102696381 A CN102696381 A CN 102696381A CN 2012102061284 A CN2012102061284 A CN 2012102061284A CN 201210206128 A CN201210206128 A CN 201210206128A CN 102696381 A CN102696381 A CN 102696381A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotation method for increasing the quality of tobacco leaves. The method is as follows: in the March of the first year, tobacco fields are fertilized and ridged, and tobacco is planted according to fixed spacing; after tobacco leaves are harvested, the soil of the tobacco fields is ploughed, and in the winter of the same year, seeds are sowed and green manure is planted; in the March of the second year, the soil is ploughed, green manure is planted, ipomoea batatas are planted, and in winter afterwards, green manure continues to be planted; in the March of the third year, the soil is ploughed, the green manure crop is cradled and then directly buried in the soil for 'green manuring', and tobacco is planted; and tobacco, green manure, ipomoea batatas, green manure and tobacco are rotated repeatedly. The rotation method has the following advantages: (1) the efficiency of tobacco field rotation is increased, the environment of the tobacco fields is improved, and diseases, insect pests and weeds are reduced for tobacco; (2) green manuring and ipomoea batata growing improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, regulate the soil fertility, and increase the quality of tobacco leaves. The rotation method is suitable for tobacco growing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plantation, specifically, relate to the flue-cured tobacco cultivation method.
Background technology
Flue-cured tobacco is one of important economic crops, and China's cultivated area and gross yield occupy the 1st in the world.Since the restriction of cultivation condition in weather and the production practices, traditional in addition tillage method, and the frequent large tracts of land continuous cropping of the flue-cured tobacco of Yi Yanqu causes the vega soil-borne disease to increase the weight of, and plants the cigarette benefit and descends; After the continuous cropping for many years, the non-equilibrium enrichment and the depletion of tobacco-growing soil nutrient have a strong impact on the quality of tobacco leaf.This is own through becoming the key factor of restriction cured tobacco production, directly has influence on local economic development.Reasonably crop rotation can effectively reduce the influence of continuous cropping, has both helped making full use of soil, natural precipitation and natural resourcess such as light, heat, helps rationally using social resources such as facility, fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, irrigation water and fund again.
The cultivation method of at present more existing flue-cured tobacco crop rotations is applied for a patent; For example No. 201010233987.3 the cultivation method of interplanting stevia rebaudiana " one grow tobacco "; Disclose at the tobacco beginning initial stage interplanting stevia rebaudiana of gathering, interplanting not only improves the unit are output value but also improves crop quality while gathering; Make full use of time and space that previous crops is gathered, raise the multiple-cropping index; 201110123559.X number " method of flue-cured tobacco, the no-tillage crop rotation of herbage " discloses the method that adopts grass family high quality forage hybrid giant napier and the no-tillage crop rotation of flue-cured tobacco.But how these methods still do not have concrete data declaration for the lifting effect of flue cured tobacco quality.Up to now, the patented technology that does not also have flue-cured tobacco and green manuring rotation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of alternating method that improves quality of tobacco, avoid continuous cropping obstacle of cured tobacco effectively, improve cigarette ground soil environment, promote growing of flue-cured tobacco, thereby improve quality of tobacco.
The technical scheme that the inventor adopts is:
Fertilising in the March in 1 year, ridging on cigarette ground, spacing cultivation flue-cured tobacco; Behind the results tobacco leaf cigarette ground soil is turned over plough, sow green manuring then winter; Turn over plough to soil in March, second, and green manuring is also planted sweet potato, continues sowing green manure winter afterwards; Turn over plough to soil in March, the 3rd, and directly turn over after green manure crop cradled to be embedded in and implement " green manure green manuring " in the soil, plants flue-cured tobacco after 1～February; Carry out flue-cured tobacco → green manure-sweet potato → green manure-flue-cured tobacco shifting cultivation so repeatedly.
The mass ratio of nitrogenous in the fertilizer of above-mentioned 1 year cigarette ground fertilising, phosphorus, potassium nutrition is 1: 1～1.5: 2～2.5; The high 0.25m in the ridge of said ridging, row spacing 1.0m; The flue-cured tobacco spacing in the rows of said spacing cultivation is 0.55m.
In the above-mentioned 1 year sowing green manuring, green manure seed consumption is at 3.0～4.0kg/667m
2(mu), every mu of basic seedling density is 7～100,000 strains; Employing is broadcasted sowing or bar broadcast mode plantation, wherein executes superphosphate, each 15～20kg of ash makees base manure, and general calcium 15～20kg does and topdresses.
The mode of above-mentioned 1 year plantation sweet potato is: line-spacing 0.3～0.4m, nest plant 3500～4000 nests for every mu apart from 0.25m; It wherein is 2: 1: 3 fertilising according to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition mass ratio.
The inventor points out: green manure is a kind of good organic manure, and research shows that green manure is used has following effect on vega: can guarantee that 1. nitrogen nutrition continues balancedly to supply cigarette strain growth; 2. activation, enrichment soil phophorus potassium and trace element; 3. increase the soil organic matter; 4. improve the soil physical chemistry situation, increase edaphon quantity; 5. improve the tobacco leaf interior quality, in the raising, the medium grade cigarette ratio.
The inventor points out again: select the reason of plantation sweet potato to be: 1. the Ipomoea batatas absorption ability of nutrient is strong: Ipomoea batatas is a high-yield crop, needs fertilizer more, can fully absorb nutrient unnecessary in the vega; 2, Ipomoea batatas acid and alkali-resistance ability is stronger, in soil pH value 4.2～8.3 scopes, all can grow, but comparatively suitable with pH value 6.5～7.
The inventive method has the following advantages: cigarette ground crop rotation efficient is improved in (1), improves cigarette ground environment, alleviates the disease pest and weed of flue-cured tobacco; (2) through green manure green manuring and plantation sweet potato, improve soil physical and chemical property, regulate soil fertility, improve quality of tobacco.The present invention is applicable to flue-cured tobacco cultivation.
Embodiment
Following examples can further specify method of the present invention.
Embodiment
In certain flue-cured tobacco cultivation place, carry out flue-cured tobacco → green manure-sweet potato → green manure-flue-cured tobacco shifting cultivation.
Cultivation in 1 year is carried out cigarette ground during flue-cured tobacco and is applied fertilizer, and the mass ratio of nitrogenous in the fertilizer of using, phosphorus, potassium nutrition is 1: 1.5: 2.5; Ridging then, the high 0.25m in ridge, row spacing 1.0m; Then carry out the spacing cultivation, control flue-cured tobacco spacing in the rows is 0.55m; Behind the results tobacco leaf cigarette ground soil is turned over plough, sow green manuring then winter, green manure seed consumption is at 3.5kg/667m
2(mu), every mu of basic seedling density is 7～100,000 strains; Employing is broadcasted sowing or bar broadcast mode plantation, wherein executes superphosphate, each 15～20kg of ash makees base manure, and general calcium 15～20kg does and topdresses; Turn over plough to soil March in next year, and green manuring is also planted sweet potato, and the mode of plantation sweet potato is: line-spacing 0.3～0.4m, nest plant 3500～4000 nests for every mu apart from 0.25m; It wherein is 2: 1: 3 fertilising according to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition mass ratio; Continue sowing green manure winter afterwards; After the 3rd year beginning of spring, turn over plough to soil March, green manure green manuring, plantation flue-cured tobacco; Carry out flue-cured tobacco → green manure-sweet potato → green manure-flue-cured tobacco shifting cultivation so repeatedly.Under this alternating method; Economical character indexs such as the plant height of each growthdevelopmental stage of flue-cured tobacco in flue-cured tobacco cultivation place, stem girth, maximum leaf length and width all are higher than conventional tobacco leaf to some extent; Outward appearance, physics, aesthetic quality all increase, and particularly obviously are superior to conventional tobacco leaf on tobacco leaf oil content, fragrance matter and the perfume quantity.
Claims (4)
1. an alternating method that improves quality of tobacco is characterized in that fertilising on cigarette ground in March, the ridging in 1 year, spacing cultivation flue-cured tobacco; Behind the results tobacco leaf cigarette ground soil is turned over plough, sow green manuring then winter; Turn over plough to soil in March, second, and green manuring is also planted sweet potato, continues sowing green manure winter afterwards; Turn over plough to soil in March, the 3rd, and directly turn over after green manure crop cradled to be embedded in and implement " green manure green manuring " in the soil, plants flue-cured tobacco after 1～February; Carry out flue-cured tobacco → green manure-sweet potato → green manure-flue-cured tobacco shifting cultivation so repeatedly.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the mass ratio of nitrogenous in the fertilizer of said cigarette ground fertilising in 1 year, phosphorus, potassium nutrition is 1: 1～1.5: 2～2.5; The high 0.25m in the ridge of said ridging, row spacing 1.0m; The flue-cured tobacco spacing in the rows of said spacing cultivation is 0.55m.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that green manure seed consumption is at 3.0～4.0kg/667m in 1 year said sowing green manuring
2, every mu of basic seedling density is 7～100,000 strains; Employing is broadcasted sowing or bar broadcast mode plantation, wherein executes superphosphate, each 15～20kg of ash makees base manure, and general calcium 15～20kg does and topdresses.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the mode of said 1 year plantation sweet potato is: line-spacing 0.3～0.4m, nest be apart from 0.25m, every mu of plantation 3500～4000 nests; It wherein is 2: 1: 3 fertilising according to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition mass ratio.
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| CN2012102061284A CN102696381A (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2012-06-21 | Rotation method for increasing quality of tobacco leaves |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102907242A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-02-06 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Method for planting and tilling and compacting green manure in advance in soil of tobacco-growing area |
| CN102919038A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-13 | 西南大学 | Method for increasing yield and improving quality of continuously cropped flue-cured tobacco |
| CN103210763A (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2013-07-24 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | Stereoscopic culturing and planting method of double cured tobaccos for optimizing tobacco leaf structure and improving tobacco leaf quality |
| CN103548544A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-05 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for gradually replacing tobacco nitrogen fertilizers with multicropping vetches |
| CN103609310A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 福建中烟工业有限责任公司 | Crop rotation method and tobacco planting method |
| CN103733833A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-23 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Rotation method for increasing tobacco land output value |
| CN103782767A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 贵州省园艺研究所 | Efficient cultivation method in three quarters of year of flue-cured tobacco nurturing seedlings, summer Chinese cabbages and fall lettuces |
| CN104322249A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-02-04 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | Method for overcoming soil successive cropping obstacles by using smooth vetch and wheat interplanting flue-cured tobacco |
| CN104365208A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-25 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco field soil improvement method |
| CN105052441A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-11-18 | 贵州省烟草公司黔南州公司 | Method for planting tobacco |
| CN105660103A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-15 | 西南大学 | Flue-cured tobacco pinellia ternate interplanting method overcoming allelopathic autotoxicity function |
| CN107409662A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-12-01 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of alternating method for reducing the tobacco bacterial wilt incidence of disease |
| CN108124566A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-08 | 四川农业大学 | Subtract the method for applying synergy in arrow Kuo peas in cigarette the crop rotation of Rhizobium Inoculation |
| CN113379188A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-09-10 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Tobacco crop rotation planting method and system based on Internet of things |
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| CN102273369A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-12-14 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Method for no-tillage crop rotation of flue-cured tobaccos and pastures |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102907242B (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-01-08 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Method for planting and tilling and compacting green manure in advance in soil of tobacco-growing area |
| CN102907242A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-02-06 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Method for planting and tilling and compacting green manure in advance in soil of tobacco-growing area |
| CN102919038A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-13 | 西南大学 | Method for increasing yield and improving quality of continuously cropped flue-cured tobacco |
| CN103210763A (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2013-07-24 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | Stereoscopic culturing and planting method of double cured tobaccos for optimizing tobacco leaf structure and improving tobacco leaf quality |
| CN103548544B (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-08-19 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of multiple cropping sweet potato progressively substitutes the method for tobacco nitrogenous fertilizer |
| CN103548544A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-05 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for gradually replacing tobacco nitrogen fertilizers with multicropping vetches |
| CN103609310A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 福建中烟工业有限责任公司 | Crop rotation method and tobacco planting method |
| CN103609310B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-07-06 | 福建中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of alternating method and a kind of tobacco planting method |
| CN103733833A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-23 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Rotation method for increasing tobacco land output value |
| CN103782767A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 贵州省园艺研究所 | Efficient cultivation method in three quarters of year of flue-cured tobacco nurturing seedlings, summer Chinese cabbages and fall lettuces |
| CN103782767B (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2015-08-12 | 贵州省园艺研究所 | Flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating, summer Chinese cabbage, autumn asparagus lettuce 1 year three season efficient cultivation method |
| CN104322249A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-02-04 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | Method for overcoming soil successive cropping obstacles by using smooth vetch and wheat interplanting flue-cured tobacco |
| CN104365208A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-25 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco field soil improvement method |
| CN105052441A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-11-18 | 贵州省烟草公司黔南州公司 | Method for planting tobacco |
| CN105660103A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-15 | 西南大学 | Flue-cured tobacco pinellia ternate interplanting method overcoming allelopathic autotoxicity function |
| CN107409662A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-12-01 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of alternating method for reducing the tobacco bacterial wilt incidence of disease |
| CN107409662B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2020-07-03 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Crop rotation method for reducing incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt |
| CN108124566A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-08 | 四川农业大学 | Subtract the method for applying synergy in arrow Kuo peas in cigarette the crop rotation of Rhizobium Inoculation |
| CN113379188A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-09-10 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Tobacco crop rotation planting method and system based on Internet of things |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |