CN102524015A - Method for pruning and shaping kiwi fruit plant - Google Patents
Method for pruning and shaping kiwi fruit plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN102524015A CN102524015A CN2012100696004A CN201210069600A CN102524015A CN 102524015 A CN102524015 A CN 102524015A CN 2012100696004 A CN2012100696004 A CN 2012100696004A CN 201210069600 A CN201210069600 A CN 201210069600A CN 102524015 A CN102524015 A CN 102524015A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for pruning and shaping a kiwi fruit plant. A 'one trunk, two cross arms and eight fruiting canes' pruning and shaping technology is adopted, the growth characteristics of the kiwi fruit plant are fully utilized, and the kiwi fruit plant is cultured to have a trunk, two cross arms and eight bearing canes in 3-5 years. The method has the advantages that: the bearing canes of the kiwi fruit plant are not shifted outwards, are convenient to bind and manage, the bearing capacity is effectively controlled, the kiwi fruits are produced at high yield stably and have high quality, the yield per mu is increased, the bearing age limit is prolonged, and the production value is improved to a great extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pruning shaping methods in agriculture fruit growing field, particularly kiwi fruit plant.
Background technology
In the production of fruit trees, prune usually when plantation and the brephic, carry out doing surely shaping, plant is cut into-shaped, like the natural open centre shape of peach, the evacuation layering shape of pear tree etc.Simultaneously, cut off sick branch, water sprout etc.Its key link is to make tree crown receive light sufficient, and fruit growth is healthy and strong, reaches the high yield purpose.
The pruning shaping methods of general kiwi fruit plant all is the experience according to the grower, not have the pattern and the method for fixing, and commonly usedly mainly contains natural open centre shape, the horizontal shape of two arm fruit bearing shoot or the like with method bibliographical information, and purpose and method are:
Pruning divides the winter to cut, the summer cuts and staminiferous plant is pruned.Winter cuts and is carrying out during preceding 1 month to the rudiment in early spring behind the fallen leaves, is main to prune off, an amount of cutting back.Stay main climing and bearing basal shoot more, cut off overstocked bough.Thin and delicate branch, intersection branch and sick branch.It mainly is to remove in mid-May to early July to sprout, pinching, prune off and bondage that summer cuts, and in time erases the rudiment on the trunk, arranges complicated and confused space.After spending in the 5-6 month, the staminiferous plant pruning carries out.3-4 branch stayed in every strain, and every branch stays bud 4-6, pinching when young sprout is grown 1 meter.
Generally spending back 1 month and advancing the ground fruit thinning.Fruit in the middle of staying is dredged the limit fruit, reaches every 4-5 sheet leaf and stays 1 fruit.General branch stays 1-2 of fruit for per 20 centimetres, and weak branch stays 5-6 of fruit for 20-25 centimetre.50kg is produced in strain, should stay 500-600 of fruit.
The result who produces is: one or more mobile jib is put on the shelf, does not have permanent principal arm after putting on the shelf, even the principal arm of formation is arranged; Majority is also pruned behind 2-3 and has been upgraded, and bearing basal shoot is let alone growth, more or less; And be parallel or be higher than principal arm; Cause fruit bearing shoot to move outward, the result reduces, and the tree body is aging very soon.Branch skewness, output are not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the pruning shaping methods of a kind of kiwi fruit plant, can make full use of the growth characteristics of kiwi fruit, through the time in about 3 years; Cultivate into a mobile jib to the shape of kiwi fruit; Two transverse arms, eight bearing basal shoots, advantage is that the kiwi fruit bearing basal shoot moves, is convenient to tie up climing, convenient management outward, controls result quantities effectively; Can make kiwi fruit high yield, stable yields, best in quality, per mu yield increase, the time limit prolongs as a result, improves the output value to a great extent.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
The pruning shaping methods of a kind of kiwi fruit plant comprises following three steps:
1) cultivation of a mobile jib:
Annual kiwi fruit after the field planting upwards drew with cord or bamboo bar in the season of growth ties up a sturdy dendritic growth; When drawing the bolting tree heavy pinching when attenuating bending that dies down; The shoot that the sprouts heavy pinching again when attenuating bending that dies down again; Treat that always growth surpasses the frame face more than one meter, forms the mobile jib of a sturdy stalwartness; The growth of giving free rein to of remaining branch, not pinching is not pruned, and cut off winter entirely;
2) cultivation of two transverse arms:
Be higher than about 1 meter in frame face when mobile jib reaches, when simultaneously 20 centimeters major branch diameters reach more than 1 centimetre under the frame, will under the frame face, softly curve 145 degree angles by the trunk of 20-30 centimeters, parallelly tie up a side on frame face king wire, form a transverse arm; After sending shoot, 20-30 centimeters under the frame face to other direction draw tie up a thick shape the branch as another root master transverse arm, two principal arms are nonvolatil principal arm, never the replacement; When pruning in the winter time, the main transverse arm contact portion that adjacent two plant are positioned on the frame face prunes away, and makes adjacent two plant non-intersect; All the other branches on the frame face are let alone growth, guarantee that it does not twine;
3) eight cultivations of side shoot as a result:
Both sides at two principal arms are respectively cultivated two side shoots as a result respectively, after two principal arms form, sprout new branch on the arm as much as possible; Can not the result on the branch of sprouting then, only let its growth, the emphasis incubation growth is branch preferably; Let it to aerial growth, not pinching does not press down; After the growth downwards of indivedual branches, when twining everywhere, light panching; When pruning in the winter time, select growth sturdy, the branch of anosis worm whenever stays one at a distance from about 45 centimetres, and every strain tree stays 8, can stay the 8-12 root to the more prosperous kind of growth, small and weak or unnecessary branch is kept 2-3 bud cut off; Tie up winter when climing, side shoot as a result to being lower than bondage on two principal arm 20-30 centimetres the steel wire, is formed the shape of " protruding " word upper part.
The plant shape that each step forms is extremely shown in Figure 5 like Fig. 2 respectively.
The apical growth spring branch very fast, robust growth that technology according to the invention makes full use of kiwi fruit is the female branch of good results in 1 year, growth characteristics such as result on long shoot; Through the time in about 3 years; Cultivate into a mobile jib to the shape of kiwi fruit; Two transverse arms (transverse arm is higher than bearing basal shoot 20-30 centimetre), eight bearing basal shoots, called after " ' one sixteen is protruding ' formula pruning shaping technique ".
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Kiwi fruit plant bearing basal shoot is outer to move, is convenient to tie up climing, convenient management, can control result quantities effectively.Through using in different variety trials for many years; Prove that technology according to the invention is a kind of highly effective kiwi fruit pruning shaping technique; Can make kiwi fruit high yield, stable yields, best in quality; Than conventional pruning shaping methods, per mu yield increases by 20% at least, the time limit prolongs as a result, improves the output value to a great extent.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plant shape sketch map of kiwi fruit plant in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the trunk shape sketch map that forms after step 1) is accomplished in the method for the invention;
Fig. 3 is a step 2 in the method for the invention) accomplish the principal arm shape sketch map of back formation;
Fig. 4 is the global shape sketch map that forms after step 3) is accomplished in the method for the invention;
Fig. 5 is the global shape side schematic view that forms after step 3) is accomplished in the method for the invention;
Wherein, 1 is trunk, and 2 is principal arm, and 3 is bearing basal shoot.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment foregoing invention content of the present invention is done further to describe in detail.
But should this be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment.Not breaking away under the above-mentioned technological thought situation of the present invention, according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, make various replacements and change, all should comprise within the scope of the invention.
The shape field data that present technique forms is for 20-30 centimetre away from frame face punishing two arms be, and convex partly (two arms and fruit bearing shoot middle and lower part) distance is 20-25 centimetre, and the distance between the fruit bearing shoot is 30-50 centimetre.
The pruning shaping methods of a kind of kiwi fruit plant comprises following three steps:
1) cultivation of a mobile jib:
Annual kiwi fruit after the field planting upwards drew with cord or bamboo bar in the season of growth ties up a sturdy dendritic growth; When drawing the bolting tree heavy pinching when attenuating bending that dies down; The shoot that the sprouts heavy pinching again when attenuating bending that dies down again; Treat that always growth surpasses the frame face more than one meter, forms the mobile jib of a sturdy stalwartness; The growth of giving free rein to of remaining branch, not pinching is not pruned, and cut off winter entirely;
2) cultivation of two transverse arms:
Be higher than about 1 meter in frame face when mobile jib reaches, when simultaneously 20 centimeters major branch diameters reach more than 1 centimetre under the frame, will under the frame face, softly curve 145 degree angles by the trunk of 20-30 centimeters, parallelly tie up a side on frame face king wire, form a transverse arm; After sending shoot, 20-30 centimeters under the frame face to other direction draw tie up a thick shape the branch as another root master transverse arm, two principal arms are nonvolatil principal arm, never the replacement; When pruning in the winter time, the main transverse arm contact portion that adjacent two plant are positioned on the frame face prunes away, and makes adjacent two plant non-intersect; All the other branches on the frame face are let alone growth, guarantee that it does not twine;
3) eight cultivations of side shoot as a result:
Both sides at two principal arms are respectively cultivated two side shoots as a result respectively, after two principal arms form, sprout new branch on the arm as much as possible; Can not the result on the branch of sprouting then, only let its growth, the emphasis incubation growth is branch preferably; Let it to aerial growth, not pinching does not press down; After the growth downwards of indivedual branches, when twining everywhere, light panching; When pruning in the winter time, select growth sturdy, the branch of anosis worm whenever stays one at a distance from about 45 centimetres, and every strain tree stays 8, can stay the 8-12 root to the more prosperous kind of growth, small and weak or unnecessary branch is kept 2-3 bud cut off; Tie up winter when climing, side shoot as a result to being lower than bondage on two principal arm 20-30 centimetres the steel wire, is formed the shape of " protruding " word upper part.
What form is shaped as from 20-30 centimetre of punishment of frame face two arms, and convex partly (two arms and fruit bearing shoot middle and lower part) distance is 20-25 centimetre, and the distance between the fruit bearing shoot is 30-50 centimetre.
Technology according to the invention is a kind of highly effective kiwi fruit pruning shaping technique, can make kiwi fruit high yield, stable yields, best in quality, and than routine pruning shaping methods, per mu yield increases by 20% at least, the time limit prolongs as a result, improves the output value to a great extent.
Claims (1)
1. the pruning shaping methods of a kiwi fruit plant is characterized in that comprising following three steps:
1) cultivation of a mobile jib:
Annual kiwi fruit after the field planting upwards drew with cord or bamboo bar in the season of growth ties up a sturdy dendritic growth; When drawing the bolting tree heavy pinching when attenuating bending that dies down; The shoot that the sprouts heavy pinching again when attenuating bending that dies down again; Treat that always growth surpasses the frame face more than one meter, forms the mobile jib of a sturdy stalwartness; The growth of giving free rein to of remaining branch, not pinching is not pruned, and cut off winter entirely;
2) cultivation of two transverse arms:
Be higher than about 1 meter in frame face when mobile jib reaches, when simultaneously 20 centimeters major branch diameters reach more than 1 centimetre under the frame, will under the frame face, softly curve 145 degree angles by the trunk of 20-30 centimeters, parallelly tie up a side on frame face king wire, form a transverse arm; After sending shoot, 20-30 centimeters under the frame face to other direction draw tie up a thick shape the branch as another root master transverse arm, two principal arms are nonvolatil principal arm, never the replacement; When pruning in the winter time, the main transverse arm contact portion that adjacent two plant are positioned on the frame face prunes away, and makes adjacent two plant non-intersect; All the other branches on the frame face are let alone growth, guarantee that it does not twine;
3) eight cultivations of side shoot as a result:
Both sides at two principal arms are respectively cultivated two side shoots as a result respectively, after two principal arms form, sprout new branch on the arm as much as possible; Can not the result on the branch of sprouting then, only let its growth, the emphasis incubation growth is branch preferably; Let it to aerial growth, not pinching does not press down; After the growth downwards of indivedual branches, when twining everywhere, light panching; When pruning in the winter time, select growth sturdy, the branch of anosis worm whenever stays one at a distance from about 45 centimetres, and every strain tree stays 8, can stay the 8-12 root to the more prosperous kind of growth, small and weak or unnecessary branch is kept 2-3 bud cut off; Tie up winter when climing, side shoot as a result to being lower than bondage on two principal arm 20-30 centimetres the steel wire, is formed the shape of " protruding " word upper part.
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| CN 201210069600 CN102524015B (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2012-03-16 | Method for pruning and shaping kiwi fruit plant |
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| CN 201210069600 CN102524015B (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2012-03-16 | Method for pruning and shaping kiwi fruit plant |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104106387A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-10-22 | 江西农业大学 | Zero-bud pruning method for kiwi fruit tree bearing branches |
| CN104871920A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-02 | 李春燕 | Training and pruning method for kiwi fruit cultivation |
| CN105210775A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-01-06 | 吉林省奇枣科技有限公司 | A kind of Changbai Mountain wild actinidia arguta artificial cultivation method |
| CN106688794A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-24 | 何权 | Cultivation method of deciduous dry fruit tree |
| CN107114197A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-01 | 贵州省园艺研究所 | Chinese gooseberry trunk umbellate form pruning method |
| CN107484606A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-19 | 四川华朴现代农业股份有限公司 | The shaping methods that a kind of macaque Young peach trees are cultivated |
| CN108834624A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-20 | 贵州大学 | A method of prevent expensive long Kiwi berry spring slightly branch from fractureing |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104106387A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-10-22 | 江西农业大学 | Zero-bud pruning method for kiwi fruit tree bearing branches |
| CN104871920A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-02 | 李春燕 | Training and pruning method for kiwi fruit cultivation |
| CN105210775A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-01-06 | 吉林省奇枣科技有限公司 | A kind of Changbai Mountain wild actinidia arguta artificial cultivation method |
| CN106688794A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-24 | 何权 | Cultivation method of deciduous dry fruit tree |
| CN107114197A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-01 | 贵州省园艺研究所 | Chinese gooseberry trunk umbellate form pruning method |
| CN107484606A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-19 | 四川华朴现代农业股份有限公司 | The shaping methods that a kind of macaque Young peach trees are cultivated |
| CN107484606B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2020-06-05 | 四川华朴现代农业股份有限公司 | Shaping method for cultivating young kiwi fruit trees |
| CN108834624A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-20 | 贵州大学 | A method of prevent expensive long Kiwi berry spring slightly branch from fractureing |
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Application publication date: 20120704 Assignee: SICHUAN HUASHENG AGRICULTURE CO., LTD. Assignor: Dong Guanyong Contract record no.: 2014510000193 Denomination of invention: Method for pruning and shaping kiwi fruit plant Granted publication date: 20130911 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20141224 |
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