CN1215546A - Method for topiary work of fruit tree - Google Patents
Method for topiary work of fruit tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN1215546A CN1215546A CN 97119953 CN97119953A CN1215546A CN 1215546 A CN1215546 A CN 1215546A CN 97119953 CN97119953 CN 97119953 CN 97119953 A CN97119953 A CN 97119953A CN 1215546 A CN1215546 A CN 1215546A
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Abstract
A method for shaping fruit tree includes selecting one-year-old seedling, bending it, choosing a plump bud, scratching before the bud, removing all buds after the bud, annularly barking at the final branch or in the center of bent twig when flower bud's differentiation will come, shaping the newly grown twig by ringing, twisting, etc in July or August, secondary annular barking the bases of main branches in next year, bending the second main branches in spring, and bending the next-generation main branches year by year in different directions.
Description
The present invention relates to the shaping methods of fruit tree, particularly relate to orchard fruit, for example, the shaping methods of fruit trees such as apple, pears, peach.
In order to realize ahead of time result, early high yield, high yield, stable yields, high-quality and low cost; hope obtains the purpose of best high yield with minimum cost consumption; people sum up a rich experience; that is, improved seeds are basic, and water, fertile condition are the bases; it is prerequisite that dense planting is downgraded; it is crucial getting bumper crops tree-like, and shaping and pruning are means, and plant protection is to guarantee.This shows that the shape of fruit tree is to the importance of premature labor, high yield and stable yields.
For tree-like, the traditional method that obtains to get bumper crops is according to tree property trimming and finishing.But pruning the branch technology is quite loaded down with trivial details, complicated, a technical demanding job.It must " prune because of branch, do shape with tree " according to tree property.Therefore, there is following defective in this technology:
1. cause the further imbalance of " growth and result " basic contradiction of treelet, imbalance.Thereby on the one hand because the part of growth strengthens, the tree-like basic framework of getting bumper crops (skeleton branch growth) constantly enlarges, and is difficult to effective control, is unfavorable for downgrading dense planting; On the other hand on the whole,, make more difficult being differentiated to form of bud of fruit tree treelet, bearing capacity is reduced, be unfavorable for result and high yield ahead of time owing to the unbalanced development of " growth and result " contradictory relation in fruit tree.
2. traditional trimming and finishing technology according to tree property " because of branch is pruned; do shape " with tree, carry out different prunings and shaping at different seeds, different kind and different branch class, bud heterogeneous, thereby it is very loaded down with trivial details, complicated, numerous orchard workers are difficult to grasp effectively application, and are difficult to obtain good good harvest effect.
3. the fruit tree shape through traditional pruning technique shaping is intricate, varied, and synthetic job efficient such as the feasible extermination of disease and insect pest to fruit tree, picking fruit are low, more are difficult to mechanization.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of tree-like shaping methods of high yield that need not prune branch.
The method that realizes above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is as follows:
1. select seedling to select annual breeding strong sprout, height of seedling is between 1.5～2.5 meters;
2. curved branch from overhead 0.6～0.8 meter bending, makes the anterior seedling tip a little more than crooked position or equal, to keep good growth potential sapling;
3. carve to hinder and select a full bud, carve wound, erase the bud at its rear, impel this bud to sprout healthy and strong growth in the front portion of this bud in the back side of above-mentioned crooked position;
4. for the first time band girdle carries out ringing at the flower bud differentiation critical period of fruit tree then near the last bifurcation of curved branch or the middle part of curved branch, is differentiated to form bud to impel anterior top, axillalry bud, rear portion germinating young sprout;
Training then 7, August, to the young sprout of growing on the crooked position, take bending pruning, other branch respectively, twist branch, take branch and pinching to suppress its growth according to growing state, impel the growth of secondary branch;
6. the flower bud differentiation critical period of band girdle to the second year fruit tree for the second time, at its base portion, promptly band girdle is second time carried out in the front portion of the second major branch group, goes up a large amount of buds of formation to impel whole curved branch to the first major branch group of crooked setting last year;
7. 1 year spring, the major branch that is grown up to by aforementioned bud is carried out bending and repeats abovementioned steps, promptly form the second major branch group, repeat abovementioned steps later on year by year, to form the 3rd, the 4th major branch group, the direction difference that each group is crooked makes its four major branch groups become three-dimensional the distribution respectively on four different directions.
By technique scheme and later detailed description as can be seen, advantage of the present invention is:
1. implement simple, popular suitable, the grasp, effective easily of this method.
2. overcome the contradiction of " growth and result ", adopted this method, can form bud then, reached precocity fruiting, early the requirement of high yield to having axillary bud early fruiting character fruit tree.
3. tree-likely have four large-scale groups of major branch as a result by what obtain after this method shaping, they distribute in that four direction is three-dimensional respectively, and forming does not have the happy shape that central authorities do, and its shape standard helps making full use of sunlight and is convenient to management.
4. owing to the tree-like standard by obtaining after this method shaping, therefore be convenient to dense planting, even use tall anvil fruit tree, this method also can be planted 111 fruit trees for every mu.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 represents the schematic diagram of each step of shaping methods of the present invention respectively;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to fruit-bearing forest after the method shaping of the present invention;
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1,2, dotted line is represented upright annual breeding strong sprout, and its height of seedling is preferably about 2 meters between 1.5～2.5 meters.When implementing this method, with rope with the sapling stretch bending, bending direction can at first be selected east (also can select other directions), makes crooked position 1 be in 0.6～0.8 meter height, and its treetop fixes a little more than crooked position or equal (but can not be lower than crooked position).Can fix with timber wedge, also can be with the fixing (see figure 1) of other instruments, the branch after the bending is called curved branch (from the knee to treetop), is the first major branch group 4 after the growth, also can be described as large-scale fruit bearing shoot group.Then, select a full bud 2 in the back side of crooked position 1, carve wound in the front portion of this bud 2, injuries are carved in numbering 3 expressions, erase the bud below the bud 2 simultaneously.To the flower bud differentiation critical period, for example, apple is mid or late May, is carrying out ringing near last branch 5 places of curved branch or the middle part of curved branch, numbering 6 expression band girdle places.Behind the band girdle, between band girdle place 6 and bud 2, grow young sprout 7.Bud 2 also grows up to shoot 8 simultaneously, in order to carrying out bending next year, is the second major branch group 8 after the crooked growth of this shoot.To 7, August, young sprout 7 is grown up, and takes bending pruning, other branch respectively, twists branch, takes branch, pinching etc. to prune according to the different growing states of each young sprout 7.
Bending pruning is that the young sprout 7 to the postmedian robust growth of crooked position behind the band girdle carries out that circle is together mutually from circle or with another young sprout, see Fig. 3 dotted line, stop growing in advance with the bud that helps the young sprout top, impel the germination and growth secondary tip, to satisfy the tree-like cultivation of high yield and to create good condition for each major branch group enters the Sheng fruit in the second time behind the band girdle.
Other branch is that the young sprout of the postmedian robust growth of crooked position behind the band girdle is changed direction, crooked not one, two adjacent young sprout up and down between, do not allow its new line, to change its orthostatic and polarity, its effect and bending pruning are basic identical.
Stubborn branch can be called again turns round the tip, promptly 6, after July, hold with a firm grip the young sprout of semi-lignified of both hands, young sprout is reversed on one the first from left right side, makes skin zone and xylem tear wound, but does not make its fracture, so that twisting the front portion growth of hindering at it, young sprout weakens, and the change direction of growth, both helped that terminal bud early stops growing and to flower bud differentiation, help spraining the more secondary young sprout of rear portion germination and growth at position again.
Taking branch is that young sprout (containing biennial branch) is progressively pinched with record book in accordion form to the end of the branch from base portion, is not hindering under the preceding topic of skin, makes xylem hinder the crepitation sound, changes branch hardness, vertical growth gesture and the direction of growth, it is become uprightly be level or sagging growth.Like this, both helped remedying and lacked a branch space, position, in helping weakening the end of the branch growth again and impelling, the secondary tip germination and growth of rear portion.
To the fruit tree flower bud differentiation critical period in 1 year, for example, apple was mid or late May, to the first major branch group of crooked setting last year at its base portion, promptly 9 places, front portion of the second major branch group 8 carry out the band girdle second time, form a large amount of buds to impel whole curved branch to go up, and realize high yield early.
Its peeling width of above-mentioned twice band girdle is 1/8～1/10 of this position diameter, and its thickness is to peel off skin zone to xylem, but must not damage xylem.
Be vegetative period summer, when shoot growth is crossed when prosperous, can pluck the tender point in top according to shoot growth situation on the major branch group and the tree-like cultivation requirement of high yield.To weaken apical growth, realize precocity fruiting.
Pass through some fruit trees of said method training back one year seedling, as have the fruit tree of axillary bud early fruiting character, can form bud then.
1 year spring, the major branch 8 that is grown up to by aforementioned bud is carried out bending and repeats aforesaid each step, promptly form the second major branch group 8.Repeat abovementioned steps later on year by year, promptly form the 3rd, the 4th major branch group 11,10.Its bending direction is: the second major branch group 8 is vertical substantially with the bending direction of the first major branch group 4, the bending direction of the 3rd major branch group 11 is basically perpendicular to the bending direction of the second major branch group 8 again, and the bending direction of the 4th major branch group 10 is basically perpendicular to the bending direction of the 3rd major branch group 11 again.Like this, four major branch groups are stretched to 4 three-dimensional distributions of different directions respectively, and forming does not have the happy shape (see figure 4) that central authorities do, and makes through the standardization of the fruit tree woods after the shaping.
Each major branch group is after the secondary band girdle is realized large result, to the sagging juxtaposition branch retraction beta pruning of former training.
When planting, tall its seeding row spacing of anvil fruit tree is 2 * 3 meters or 1.5 * 4 meters every mu can plants 110 strains.Short anvil fruit tree can also be improved density, therefore, adopts this method can dense planting, thereby improves per mu yield.
The present invention can be used for roadside, the fruit tree hedgerow of park plantation and the shaping of fruit tree pedestrian mall.
For the convenience of the users, this method can be summed up becomes " the three speech crosses " of ten words of three words shaping method, and promptly " one is curved, two quarters, three band girdles; Enclose (branch), other (branch), twist (branch), take (branch), smear (bud), pluck (heart) work flexibly; The shaping beta pruning is suitable light, few, one cut motionless for few ".
Claims (4)
1. the shaping methods of a planting fruit-trees, its step comprises:
1) select seedling to select annual breeding strong sprout, height of seedling is between 1.5～2.5 meters;
2) curved branch from overhead 0.6～0.8 meter bending, makes the anterior seedling tip a little more than crooked position or equal, to keep good growth potential sapling;
3) carve wound and select a full bud (2), carve wound, erase the bud at its rear, impel this bud to sprout, healthy and strong growth in the front portion of this bud in the back side of above-mentioned crooked position;
4) for the first time band girdle carries out ringing at the flower bud differentiation critical period of fruit tree then near the last bifurcation of curved branch or the middle part of curved branch, is differentiated to form bud to impel anterior top, axillalry bud, rear portion germinating young sprout (7);
5) training then 7, August, to the young sprout (7) of growing on the crooked position, take bending pruning, other branch respectively, twist branch, take branch and pinching according to growing state, to suppress its growth, impel the growth of secondary branch;
6) the flower bud differentiation critical period of band girdle to the second year fruit tree for the second time, at its base portion, promptly the band girdle second time is carried out in the front portion of the second major branch group to the first major branch group (4) of crooked setting last year; Form a large amount of buds to impel whole curved branch to go up;
7) 1 year spring, the major branch that is grown up to by aforementioned bud is carried out bending and repeats abovementioned steps, promptly form the second major branch group (8), carry out abovementioned steps later on year by year, to form the 3rd, the 4th major branch group (11,10), the direction difference that each group is crooked makes its four major branch groups become three-dimensional the distribution respectively on four different directions.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described annual height of seedling is about 2 meters.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that its peeling width of described twice band girdle is 1/8～1/10 of this position diameter, and its thickness is to peel off skin to xylem, but must not damage xylem.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that each major branch group after the secondary band girdle is realized large result, to the sagging juxtaposition branch retraction beta pruning of former training.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97119953 CN1075923C (en) | 1997-10-29 | 1997-10-29 | Method for topiary work of fruit tree |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97119953 CN1075923C (en) | 1997-10-29 | 1997-10-29 | Method for topiary work of fruit tree |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1215546A true CN1215546A (en) | 1999-05-05 |
| CN1075923C CN1075923C (en) | 2001-12-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97119953 Expired - Fee Related CN1075923C (en) | 1997-10-29 | 1997-10-29 | Method for topiary work of fruit tree |
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| CN (1) | CN1075923C (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102349402A (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2012-02-15 | 广东省生宝种养有限公司 | Papaya dwarfing planting method |
| CN102524015A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-04 | 董官勇 | Method for pruning and shaping kiwi fruit plant |
| CN103548512A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-02-05 | 江苏花王园艺股份有限公司 | Improved branch bending device |
| CN104126477A (en) * | 2014-08-16 | 2014-11-05 | 宁波市鄞州云帆工程咨询有限公司 | Honey locust hedgerow cultivation method |
| CN105724176A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-06 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Pruning method for prolonging update cycle of fruit-bearing branch group of pears |
| CN107593236A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-19 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | A kind of cultural method of new frame pear tree trunk auxiliary support branch |
| CN108174739A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-19 | 刘进 | Four major branch rapid shaping method of peach |
| CN108450227A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-28 | 山东博华高效生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of pruning method of grape |
| CN108605564A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-02 | 山西省农业科学院现代农业研究中心 | A kind of high-order happy tree-like descending branch result shaping and trimming method of yuluxiang pear |
| CN109168724A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 李杨 | A kind of seedling system and method |
| CN109429856A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-08 | 烟台美乐富农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of apple tree management method |
| CN109804850A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-28 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of American elm trunk pruning |
-
1997
- 1997-10-29 CN CN 97119953 patent/CN1075923C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102349402B (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-04-17 | 广东省生宝种养有限公司 | Papaya dwarfing planting method |
| CN102349402A (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2012-02-15 | 广东省生宝种养有限公司 | Papaya dwarfing planting method |
| CN102524015A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-04 | 董官勇 | Method for pruning and shaping kiwi fruit plant |
| CN103548512A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-02-05 | 江苏花王园艺股份有限公司 | Improved branch bending device |
| CN104126477A (en) * | 2014-08-16 | 2014-11-05 | 宁波市鄞州云帆工程咨询有限公司 | Honey locust hedgerow cultivation method |
| CN105724176B (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2019-11-19 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of pruning method extending the pears fruit-bearing shoot cluster update cycle |
| CN105724176A (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-07-06 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Pruning method for prolonging update cycle of fruit-bearing branch group of pears |
| CN107593236A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-19 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | A kind of cultural method of new frame pear tree trunk auxiliary support branch |
| CN108450227A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-28 | 山东博华高效生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of pruning method of grape |
| CN108174739A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-06-19 | 刘进 | Four major branch rapid shaping method of peach |
| CN108605564A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-02 | 山西省农业科学院现代农业研究中心 | A kind of high-order happy tree-like descending branch result shaping and trimming method of yuluxiang pear |
| CN109168724A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-11 | 李杨 | A kind of seedling system and method |
| CN109429856A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-08 | 烟台美乐富农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of apple tree management method |
| CN109804850A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-28 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of American elm trunk pruning |
| CN109804850B (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2021-02-09 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Shaping and trimming method for ulmus pumila trunks |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1075923C (en) | 2001-12-12 |
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