CN101810093A - Method and application for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles by secondary grafting - Google Patents
Method and application for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles by secondary grafting Download PDFInfo
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- CN101810093A CN101810093A CN 201010139997 CN201010139997A CN101810093A CN 101810093 A CN101810093 A CN 101810093A CN 201010139997 CN201010139997 CN 201010139997 CN 201010139997 A CN201010139997 A CN 201010139997A CN 101810093 A CN101810093 A CN 101810093A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles. The method comprises the steps of: grafting cucurbitaceous pumpkin, opo squash, calabash or wax gourd on a rootstock of the cucurbitaceous pumpkin, opo squash, calabash or wax gourd; after a sprout which is subject to a successful grafting grows a section of stem, grafting a watermelon or cucumber seedling coin on the growth stem section so as to realize the effect of avoiding continuous cropping obstacles of watermelon or cucumber, promoting the production of watermelon and cucumber and improving the land utilization rate and economic benefits of farmers. By adopting a secondary grafting method and respectively using crops of the same family but different genera or different categories as the rootstock and the coin for grafting, the invention avoids continuous cropping obstacles generated after long-term continuous cropping.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, relate in particular to method and the application thereof of eliminating continuous cropping obstacles.
Two, background technology
Crop is melon or fruit type crops continuous cropping multicroping for many years on same block of soil especially, is easy to generate the continuous cropping obstacle phenomenon, promptly seed germination slowly, slow, the morbidity easily of slow, the easily dead seedling of emerging, plant strain growth, output decline, quality reduction etc.This is because a kind of ecological adaptation mechanisms that produces in the nature evolutionary process term of crop prevents because of causing soil nutrient to wane with the too much breeding of flourishing of a kind of crop and influencing plant growth.After the continuous cropping because artificial excessively strong the intervention, accelerate greatly under the speed of plant growth and the frequency ratio natural growthing condition, owing to contain some allelochemical in some root exudates that plant itself secretes by root system or suppress the growth of crop itself in environment, thereby generation continuous cropping obstacle from poisonous substance matter.
Three, summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: a kind of method and application thereof of eliminating continuous cropping obstacles by secondary grafting are provided, are used for melon and fruit production.
Technical scheme: the preparation method of eliminating continuous cropping obstacles by secondary grafting, making step is: earlier with pumpkin or edible gourd or cucurbit or gourd seed sterilization, vernalization, broadcast in the seedbed soil under the 25-30 ℃ of condition, water sufficient moisture, after about 1 week, after pumpkin or edible gourd or cucurbit or wax gourd grow the seedling of the seedling that has 2 cotyledons or 1 true leaf, with pumpkin or edible gourd or the cutter excision of sterilizing of the downward 1.5cm of cucurbit or wax gourd top place, and otch accomplished 45 ℃ of inclined-planes, the scion beveled end of downcutting was soaked 1-2 minute in the cell division cellulose solution of 5-40mg/L, then scion otch inclined-plane and stock inclined-plane not of the same race are bonded, clamp gently with plastic grip, or tighten gently with cotton thread, remove most of sunlight with the screening of sunshade net, water sufficient moisture, seal with plastic foil all around, keep high humility, after treating that scion survives after 1 week, remove the sunshade net, about continued growth 10 days, edible gourd or pumpkin or cucurbit or the about 1.5cm in wax gourd grafting top are cut, and grafting watermelon or cucumber scion are prepared in otch inclined-plane at 45.With watermelon or cucumber seeds sterilization, vernalization, sowing, after waiting to grow 2 cotyledons, watermelon or cucumber seedling stem apex terminal bud 1.5cm place are cut off with the blade of sterilizing, otch is repaiied inclined-plane at 45, the inclined-plane otch was soaked 1-2 minute in the cell division cellulose solution of 5-40mg/L, and then the pumpkin of watermelon or cucumber scion inclined-plane otch and grafting survival or edible gourd or cucurbit or wax gourd stock inclined-plane otch fitted, step up or tighten gently with clip with line, cover the screening of sunshade net and remove most of sunlight, seal with plastic film all around, water spray is preserved moisture, remove the sunshade net after 1 week,, grow cucumber or watermelon seedling until the secondary grafting success, remove whole branches and leaves of bottom stock, only keep the leaf growth that grows in top watermelon or the cucumber scion.
Beneficial effect: the present invention adopts the secondary grafting method, does not belong to together or crop not of the same race does stock and scion respectively with equal, carries out grafting, has avoided the continuous cropping obstacle phenomenon that produces after the long-term continuous cropping of crop.This be because, after the equal crop grafting not of the same race, process is because graft stock is another crop, its growth requires and nutritional condition follows scion different, simultaneously because the pathogen in the continuous cropping soil has selectivity to the infringement of certain crop, therefore after doing stock grafting with crop not of the same race, originally insensitive to the stock crop to the pathogen of scion sensitivity, composition by the root exudates secretion is different from the scion crop, thereby reach the purpose of eliminating continuous cropping obstacle, improve disease resistance and the anti-continuous cropping ability of crop.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the elimination effect of watermelon grafting continuous cropping obstacle behind pumpkin and edible gourd stock;
Five, embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with example:
Embodiment 1: the watermelon grafting is on pumpkin and edible gourd
Earlier with pumpkin and edible gourd seed disinfection, vernalization, broadcast in the seedbed soil under the 25-30 ℃ of condition, water sufficient moisture, after about 1 week, after pumpkin and edible gourd grow the seedling of the seedling that has 2 cotyledons or 1 true leaf,, and otch accomplished 45 ℃ of inclined-planes with of the cutter excision of the downward 1.5cm of pumpkin and edible gourd top place with sterilization, the pumpkin scion beveled end of downcutting was soaked 1-2 minute in the cell division cellulose solution of 5-40mg/L, then scion otch inclined-plane and edible gourd seedling stock inclined-plane are bonded, clamp gently with plastic grip, or tighten gently with cotton thread, remove most of sunlight with the screening of sunshade net, water sufficient moisture, with the plastic foil sealing, keep high humility all around, after treating that scion survives after 1 week, remove the sunshade net, continued growth is about 10 days, and about 1.5cm cuts with edible gourd grafting top, the scion of grafting watermelon is prepared on otch inclined-plane at 45.Watermelon seed is sterilized, vernalization, sowing, after waiting to grow 2 cotyledons, watermelon seedling stem apex terminal bud 1.5cm place is cut off with the blade of sterilization, otch is repaiied inclined-plane at 45, the inclined-plane otch was soaked 1-2 minute in the cell division cellulose solution of 5-40mg/L, and then edible gourd stock inclined-plane otch of watermelon scion inclined-plane otch and grafting survival fitted, step up or tighten gently with clip with line, cover the screening of sunshade net and remove most of sunlight, with the plastic film sealing, water spray is preserved moisture all around, remove the sunshade net after 1 week, until the secondary grafting success, whole branches and leaves of bottom, place to go stock only keep top watermelon scion growth.
Embodiment 2: grafting green cucumber is on cucurbit and wax gourd
With cucurbit and gourd seed sterilization, vernalization, broadcast in the seedbed soil under the 25-30 ℃ of condition, water sufficient moisture, after about 1 week, after cucurbit and wax gourd grow the seedling of the seedling that has 2 cotyledons or 1 true leaf,, and otch accomplished 45 ℃ of inclined-planes with of the cutter excision of the downward 1.5cm of cucurbit and wax gourd top place with sterilization, the scion beveled end of downcutting was soaked 1-2 minute in the cell division cellulose solution of 5-40mg/L, then scion otch inclined-plane and stock inclined-plane not of the same race are bonded, clamp gently with plastic grip, or tighten gently with cotton thread, remove most of sunlight with the screening of sunshade net, water sufficient moisture, with the plastic foil sealing, keep high humility all around, after treating that scion survives after 1 week, remove the sunshade net, continued growth about 10 days cuts cucurbit and the about 1.5cm in wax gourd grafting top, the scion of grafting cucumber is prepared on otch inclined-plane at 45.Cucumber seeds is sterilized, vernalization, sowing, after waiting to grow 2 cotyledons, cucumber seedling stem apex terminal bud 1.5cm place is cut off with the blade of sterilization, otch is repaiied inclined-plane at 45, the inclined-plane otch was soaked 1-2 minute in the cell division cellulose solution of 5-40mg/L, and then the cucurbit stock inclined-plane otch of cucumber scion inclined-plane otch and grafting survival fitted, step up or tighten gently with clip with line, cover the screening of sunshade net and remove most of sunlight, with the plastic film sealing, water spray is preserved moisture all around, remove the sunshade net after 1 week, until the secondary grafting success, whole branches and leaves of bottom, place to go stock only keep top cucumber scion growth.
Embodiment 3: the inventive method effect
1. the elimination of watermelon grafting continuous cropping obstacle behind pumpkin and edible gourd stock
The basin pot culture training watermelon seedling of pumpkin and edible gourd secondary grafting in the laboratory, the every basin melonry soil 10Kg in 5 years of field continuous cropping that packs into, application of organic fertilizers 15g, composite fertilizer 3.8g, transplant 2 strains of grafting watermelon seedling, contrast basin alms bowl is the normal watermelon seedling that does not have grafting, waters sufficient moisture, 20-30 ℃ of growth down, behind transplant survival 45 days, investigate the upgrowth situation of grafting watermelon plant, compared with the control, climing long maximum 46.3% (Fig. 1) that increase of grafting watermelon, biomass (fresh weight) is maximum to increase by 49.5%, the fusarium wilt incidence is 0, and contrast is 56.3%, and grafting leaf look dark green simultaneously, the blade hypertrophy, tall and straight, it is vigorous to grow, and flower comparison just is according to opening in 4-6 days in advance, and continuous cropping obstacle is eliminated fully.
2. the elimination of grafting green cucumber continuous cropping obstacle behind cucurbit and wax gourd stock
The basin pot culture training cucumber seedling of cucurbit and wax gourd secondary grafting in the laboratory; every basin soil 10Kg with packing the cucumber in 5 years of field continuous cropping into; application of organic fertilizers 15g; composite fertilizer 3.8g; transplant 2 strains of grafting cucumber seedling, contrast basin alms bowl is the normal cucumber seedling that does not have grafting, waters sufficient moisture; 20-30 ℃ of growth down; behind transplant survival 45 days, investigate the upgrowth situation of grafting cucumber plant, compared with the control; the climing long maximum increase by 34.1% of grafting cucumber; biomass (fresh weight) is maximum to increase by 37.8%, and initial bloom stage shifts to an earlier date 3-5 days, and output increases by 43.2%; the fusarium wilt incidence is 0; and contrast is 67.2%, and grafting leaf look dark green simultaneously, the blade hypertrophy; tall and straight; it is vigorous to grow, and continuous cropping obstacle is eliminated fully.
Claims (2)
1. the method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles by secondary grafting, it is characterized in that making step is: earlier with pumpkin, edible gourd, cucurbit or gourd seed sterilization back vernalization, broadcast in the seedbed soil under the 25-30 ℃ of condition, water sufficient moisture, after about 1 week, after seed grows the seedling of the seedling that has 2 cotyledons or 1 true leaf, with of the cutter excision of the downward 1.5cm in seedling top place with sterilization, and otch accomplished 45 ℃ of inclined-planes, the scion beveled end of downcutting was soaked 1-2 minute in the cell division cellulose solution of 5-40mg/L, then scion otch inclined-plane and stock inclined-plane not of the same race are bonded, clamp gently or tighten gently with plastic grip with cotton thread, remove most of sunlight with the screening of sunshade net, water sufficient moisture, seal with plastic foil all around, keep humidity, after treating that scion survives after 1 week, remove the sunshade net, about continued growth 10 days, with edible gourd, pumpkin, cucurbit or the about 1.5cm in wax gourd grafting top cut, otch inclined-plane at 45, prepare grafting watermelon or cucumber scion, with watermelon or cucumber seeds sterilization, vernalization, sowing, after waiting to grow 2 cotyledons, watermelon or cucumber seedling stem apex terminal bud 1.5cm place are cut off with the blade of sterilizing, otch is repaiied inclined-plane at 45, the inclined-plane otch was soaked 1-2 minute in the cell division cellulose solution of 5-40mg/L, and then with the pumpkin of watermelon or cucumber scion inclined-plane otch and grafting survival, edible gourd, cucurbit or wax gourd stock inclined-plane otch fit, step up or tighten gently with clip with line, cover the screening of sunshade net and remove most of sunlight, seal with plastic film all around, water spray is preserved moisture, remove the sunshade net after 1 week, until the secondary grafting success, grow cucumber or watermelon seedling, remove whole branches and leaves of bottom stock, only keep the leaf growth that grows in top watermelon or the cucumber scion.
2. the application of the method for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles by secondary grafting according to claim 1 on ground family crop.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550302A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-07-11 | 澂江县经济作物工作站 | Multiple-grafting successive cultivation method |
| CN102742433A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-24 | 蚌埠海上明珠农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating pollution-free cucumbers |
| CN102783391A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2012-11-21 | 赵宪斌 | Second-time grafting planting method for hawthorn tree in cold region |
| CN104082047A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-08 | 海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Wax gourd lateral bud grafting method |
| CN104106381A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-22 | 徐跃成 | Secondary grafting planting method for watermelons |
| CN104272980A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-14 | 刘强 | Watermelon seedling obtained through two-stock and dual-splicing grafting and method for growing watermelon seedling obtained through two-stock and dual-splicing grafting |
| CN104521488A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-22 | 贵州黔粤农业科技发展有限公司 | Young wax gourd planting method |
| CN105265180A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-01-27 | 吴光平 | Method of new plants by grafting |
| CN105284428A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-02-03 | 湖南湘圆生态农业开发有限公司 | Grafting seedling method for wax gourd |
| CN107197698A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-26 | 陈付记 | A kind of root pruning and grafting method for culturing seedlings that watermelon is cultivated for second crop soil |
| CN108811838A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-16 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method for grafting green cucumber |
-
2010
- 2010-04-02 CN CN2010101399970A patent/CN101810093B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 《中国蔬菜》 20041231 郑军辉等 蔬菜作物连作障碍产生原因及生物防治 第56-58页 1-2 , 第3期 2 * |
| 《农业工程学报》 20051231 孙光闻等 设施蔬菜连作障碍原因及防治措施 第184-187页 1-2 第21卷, 2 * |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550302A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-07-11 | 澂江县经济作物工作站 | Multiple-grafting successive cultivation method |
| CN102742433A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-24 | 蚌埠海上明珠农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating pollution-free cucumbers |
| CN102742433B (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2013-10-30 | 蚌埠海上明珠农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating pollution-free cucumbers |
| CN102783391A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2012-11-21 | 赵宪斌 | Second-time grafting planting method for hawthorn tree in cold region |
| CN102783391B (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-04-17 | 赵宪斌 | Second-time grafting planting method for hawthorn tree in cold region |
| CN104272980A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-14 | 刘强 | Watermelon seedling obtained through two-stock and dual-splicing grafting and method for growing watermelon seedling obtained through two-stock and dual-splicing grafting |
| CN105265180A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-01-27 | 吴光平 | Method of new plants by grafting |
| CN105284428A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-02-03 | 湖南湘圆生态农业开发有限公司 | Grafting seedling method for wax gourd |
| CN104106381A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-22 | 徐跃成 | Secondary grafting planting method for watermelons |
| CN104082047A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-08 | 海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Wax gourd lateral bud grafting method |
| CN104521488A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-22 | 贵州黔粤农业科技发展有限公司 | Young wax gourd planting method |
| CN107197698A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-26 | 陈付记 | A kind of root pruning and grafting method for culturing seedlings that watermelon is cultivated for second crop soil |
| CN108811838A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-16 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method for grafting green cucumber |
| CN108811838B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-05-26 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Cucumber grafting method |
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| CN101810093B (en) | 2011-07-27 |
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