CN104106381A - Secondary grafting planting method for watermelons - Google Patents
Secondary grafting planting method for watermelons Download PDFInfo
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- CN104106381A CN104106381A CN201410314276.7A CN201410314276A CN104106381A CN 104106381 A CN104106381 A CN 104106381A CN 201410314276 A CN201410314276 A CN 201410314276A CN 104106381 A CN104106381 A CN 104106381A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a secondary grafting planting method for watermelons and relates to the technical field of grafting planting of the watermelons. The secondary grafting planting method for the watermelons is characterized by comprising the first step of bud forcing treatment, the second step of seeding, the third step of scion seeding, the fourth step of grafting, the fifth step of management needed after grafting is carried out, the sixth step of seeding of watermelon seedlings, wherein watermelon seedlings are sown according to the first step and the second step six to eight days after grafted gourd seedlings survive, the seventh step of secondary grafting and the eighth step of management needed after secondary grafting is carried out. By means of the secondary grafting planting method for the watermelons, the grafted watermelon seedlings are more resistant to diseases, the yield is higher, and the quality is better. The shortcomings that watermelons obtained after pumpkins are grafted to watermelons taste bad and watermelon seedlings are not resistant to continuous cropping as gourds are directly grafted to watermelons can be overcome, and the watermelons have good quality; the root system of pumpkin seedlings is larger than that of gourd seedlings, so that the water absorption and fertilizer absorption capacity of pumpkin roots is greater than that of the gourds, the yield is high, drought resistance and disease resistance are high, low temperature resistance is good, and the early yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to watermelon grafting planting technology field, be specifically related to watermelon secondary grafting implantation methods.
Background technology
China is more late to the seed selection of west, muskmelon stock.20 century 70s start two, research and the application of the cultivation of muskmelon stock grafting.By Xing Yuxian, first stock grafting technology is introduced to Watermelon in Greenhouse and produced the problem that has successfully solved watermelon continuous cropping continuous cropping winter.Around the nineties, having the research and extension application of the Northwest, muskmelon grafting to become a hot research in scientific research, comparatively to go deep into extensive achievement rich, and the paper of delivering is a lot, is also the more important research topic of paying close attention in the industry later always.Although China is western, the starting of muskmelon grafting cultivation is slower, but development is very fast, multiresistance multipurpose west, the special-purpose stock variety of muskmelon of successively cultivating a series of adaptation varying environment conditions, the season of growth, different scion varieties can effectively prevent west, Muskmelon Fusarium wilt, increase substantially output, make west, muskmelon continuous cropping become possibility.West, muskmelon grafting success are so that the link of acquisition high yield most critical is exactly the selection of stock.Therefore require selected stock to have good affinity with scion; anti-multiple soil-borne disease is grown, and vigorous output is high to have no adverse effects to fruit quality, for the melon stock that is used in protection ground facility cultivation, also requires certain low temperature resistant, low light level, salt alkali ability.Produce at present upper conventional watermelon-stock kind and mainly contain bottle gourd, pumpkin, wax gourd and watermelon free stock.In prior art, the graft technology of watermelon is all a grafting, in a graft technology, still there are some problems, when watermelon and wax gourd carry out grafting, the product of watermelon seedling are of fine quality, the watermelon features good taste of bearing, but not resistance to continuous cropping, ability disease-resistant, drought resisting is compared the ability with the grafting of pumpkin, and watermelon is when carrying out grafting with pumpkin, easily make fruit pericarp thickening, the pulp of watermelon increase, meat hardening, and may cause sugar content to decline, and rarer this phenomenon of watermelon free stock or cucurbit anvil.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of fruit quality excellent, the watermelon secondary grafting implantation methods of the strong and resistance to continuous cropping of disease-resistant drought-resistant ability.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
Watermelon secondary grafting implantation methods, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,
(1), vernalization is processed: the hot water that first Pumpkin Seed is placed in to 65 ℃ scalds kind of a sterilization, stir rapidly, make water temperature be down to normal temperature, soak seed 4～5 hours, remove blighted grain, pull airing out, Pumpkin Seed is placed in and in germinating box, carries out vernalization, temperature remains on 30～32 ℃, when having 50% Pumpkin Seed to leak white bud, stops germinating box and heats and wait and broadcast;
(2), sowing: will spill the brill wood Pumpkin Seed of white bud, be sowed in the cave dish in 50 holes, one, every hole seed, covers vermiculite above, the water of drenching, and cover upper mulch film and carry out moisturizing, insulation, temperature is controlled at 22～25 ℃ of daytimes, 16～18 ℃ of nights;
(3), scion sowing: when pumpkin bores wooden planting seed, cucurbit seed is processed by step (1) and (2) method, soaked seed 12～16 hours, then vernalization 48 was as a child sowed, and temperature is controlled at 22～27 ℃;
(4), grafting: when pumpkin seedling length has a leaf wholeheartedly, the cotyledon of cucurbit seedling has just just launched or has not launched, with the method for plant propagation with cutting by the sapling grafting of cucurbit to the seedling of pumpkin, in grafting the previous day, to the seedling of pumpkin and cucurbit the water of drenching, and disinfect;
(5) management, after grafting: temperature is controlled, after grafting 6～7 days, temperature remains on 25～28 ℃, and wound healing after 7 days, proceeds to normal management, 22～28 ℃ of daytimes, 16～18 ℃ of nights; Humidity is controlled, and after grafting, first 3 days humidity remains on 90～95%, along with the growth of cereal crop seedlings is ascending, the time from short to long assembly increase ventilation time and ventilation volume, after 6～7 days, grafting does not proceed to normal management after atrophy; Illumination is controlled, full shading in first 2～3 days, and later assembly increases to be seen between light sooner or later, between rear shortening shading at noon, until not sunshade completely;
(6), the sowing of watermelon seedling: after the cucurbit seedling grafting survival of grafting 6～8 days, then watermelon seedling is processed to sowing by step (1) and (2) method;
(7), grafting again: when the cucurbit seedling length grafting has a leaf wholeheartedly, the cotyledon of watermelon seedling has just just launched or has not launched, with the method for plant propagation with cutting by the sapling grafting of watermelon to the cucurbit seedling grafting, in grafting the previous day, to the seedling of watermelon and cucurbit the water of drenching, and disinfect;
(8), as consistent in the method for step (5).
The anti-blight ability of stock.Cause in the pathogen of watermelon generation fusarium wilt, the most important with watermelon bacterium and cucurbit bacterium.Therefore, stock used must can resist this two kinds of germs simultaneously.In numerous stocks, only have pumpkin to hold concurrently and resist these two kinds of pathogens, thereby pumpkin is comparatively reliable disease-resistant stock.The disease-resistant stock of selecting in production should be able to reach 100% plant fusarium wilt not occur.
The impact of stock on quality of watermelon.Different stocks has different impacts to the quality of watermelon; Different variety of watermelon is also not exclusively the same to the grafting reaction of same stock.Watermelon grafting cultivation must be selected the combination of suitable anvil/fringe, and it is had no adverse effects substantially to quality of watermelon.General pumpkin anvil easily makes that fruit pericarp thickening, the pulp of watermelon increase, meat hardening, and may cause sugar content to decline, and rarer this phenomenon of watermelon free stock or cucurbit anvil.
The adaptive capacity of stock to bad condition.In watermelon ealy maturing culture, while adopting grafting cultivation, the low temperature tolerance ability of watermelon plant, female flower occur sooner or later and stable at low temperatures ability of bearing fruit, and the expansion of root mass and fertilizer sucting ability, drought resistance and to adaptability of soil acidity or alkalinity etc., is all subject to the impact of stock inherent characteristic.Because temperature in early spring (especially ground temperature) is low, therefore, should select in low temperature environment that growing ability is strong and bearing fruit property of low temperature is good, to the adaptable stock of unsuitable environmental condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) by technique, Grafted Watermelon Seedlings is more disease-resistant, and output is higher, and quality is more excellent.
(2) overcome the poor shortcoming of watermelon taste quality that the direct grafting of pumpkin and watermelon is born.
(3) overcome the not shortcoming of resistance to continuous cropping of watermelon seedling that the direct grafting of cucurbit and watermelon causes, absorbed the excellent feature of quality of watermelon of bearing with the watermelon seedling of cucurbit grafting simultaneously.
(4) root system of pumpkin seedling is larger than cucurbit shoot root system, thus cushaw root water suction to inhale fertile energy force rate cucurbit strong, thereby output is high, drought resisting, disease-resistant strong, and can extend harvest time, while lower temperature resistance is good, early stage output is high.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Watermelon secondary grafting implantation methods, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,
(1), vernalization is processed: the hot water that first Pumpkin Seed is placed in to 65 ℃ scalds kind of a sterilization, stir rapidly, make water temperature be down to normal temperature, soak seed 5 hours, remove blighted grain, pull airing out, Pumpkin Seed is placed in and in germinating box, carries out vernalization, temperature remains on 30～32 ℃, when having 50% Pumpkin Seed to leak white bud, stops germinating box and heats and wait and broadcast;
(2), sowing: will spill the brill wood Pumpkin Seed of white bud, be sowed in the cave dish in 50 holes, one, every hole seed, covers vermiculite above, the water of drenching, and cover upper mulch film and carry out moisturizing, insulation, temperature is controlled at 22～25 ℃ of daytimes, 16～18 ℃ of nights;
(3), scion sowing: when pumpkin bores wooden planting seed, cucurbit seed is processed by step (1) and (2) method, soaked seed 14 hours, then vernalization 48 was as a child sowed, and temperature is controlled at 22～27 ℃;
(4), grafting: when pumpkin seedling length has a leaf wholeheartedly, the cotyledon of cucurbit seedling has just just launched or has not launched, with the method for plant propagation with cutting by the sapling grafting of cucurbit to the seedling of pumpkin, in grafting the previous day, to the seedling of pumpkin and cucurbit the water of drenching, and disinfect;
(5) management, after grafting: temperature is controlled, after grafting 7 days, temperature remains on 25～28 ℃, and wound healing after 7 days, proceeds to normal management, 22～28 ℃ of daytimes, 16～18 ℃ of nights; Humidity is controlled, and after grafting, first 3 days humidity remains on 90～95%, along with the growth of cereal crop seedlings is ascending, the time from short to long assembly increase ventilation time and ventilation volume, after 7 days, grafting does not proceed to normal management after atrophy; Illumination is controlled, full shading in first 3 days, and later assembly increases to be seen between light sooner or later, between rear shortening shading at noon, until not sunshade completely;
(6), the sowing of watermelon seedling: after the cucurbit seedling grafting survival of grafting 7 days, then watermelon seedling is processed to sowing by step (1) and (2) method;
(7), grafting again: when the cucurbit seedling length grafting has a leaf wholeheartedly, the cotyledon of watermelon seedling has just just launched or has not launched, with the method for plant propagation with cutting by the sapling grafting of watermelon to the cucurbit seedling grafting, in grafting the previous day, to the seedling of watermelon and cucurbit the water of drenching, and disinfect;
(8), as consistent in the method for step (5).
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. watermelon secondary grafting implantation methods, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,
(1), vernalization is processed: the hot water that first Pumpkin Seed is placed in to 65 ℃ scalds kind of a sterilization, stir rapidly, make water temperature be down to normal temperature, soak seed 4～5 hours, remove blighted grain, pull airing out, Pumpkin Seed is placed in and in germinating box, carries out vernalization, temperature remains on 30～32 ℃, when having 50% Pumpkin Seed to leak white bud, stops germinating box and heats and wait and broadcast;
(2), sowing: will spill the brill wood Pumpkin Seed of white bud, be sowed in the cave dish in 50 holes, one, every hole seed, covers vermiculite above, the water of drenching, and cover upper mulch film and carry out moisturizing, insulation, temperature is controlled at 22～25 ℃ of daytimes, 16～18 ℃ of nights;
(3), scion sowing: when pumpkin bores wooden planting seed, cucurbit seed is processed by step (1) and (2) method, soaked seed 12～16 hours, then vernalization 48 was as a child sowed, and temperature is controlled at 22～27 ℃;
(4), grafting: when pumpkin seedling length has a leaf wholeheartedly, the cotyledon of cucurbit seedling has just just launched or has not launched, with the method for plant propagation with cutting by the sapling grafting of cucurbit to the seedling of pumpkin, in grafting the previous day, to the seedling of pumpkin and cucurbit the water of drenching, and disinfect;
(5) management, after grafting: temperature is controlled, after grafting 6～7 days, temperature remains on 25～28 ℃, and wound healing after 7 days, proceeds to normal management, 22～28 ℃ of daytimes, 16～18 ℃ of nights; Humidity is controlled, and after grafting, first 3 days humidity remains on 90～95%, along with the growth of cereal crop seedlings is ascending, the time from short to long assembly increase ventilation time and ventilation volume, after 6～7 days, grafting does not proceed to normal management after atrophy; Illumination is controlled, full shading in first 2～3 days, and later assembly increases to be seen between light sooner or later, between rear shortening shading at noon, until not sunshade completely;
(6), the sowing of watermelon seedling: after the cucurbit seedling grafting survival of grafting 6～8 days, then watermelon seedling is processed to sowing by step (1) and (2) method;
(7), when the cucurbit seedling length grafting has a leaf wholeheartedly, the cotyledon of watermelon seedling has just just launched or has not launched, with the method for plant propagation with cutting by the sapling grafting of watermelon to the cucurbit seedling grafting, in grafting the previous day, to the seedling of watermelon and cucurbit the water of drenching, and disinfect;
(8), as consistent in the method for step (5).
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104838757A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-19 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for seed soaking and germination acceleration of cucurbit |
| CN105265192A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-27 | 北京农学院 | High-survival-rate cotton grafting method |
| CN106857004A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-06-20 | 贵州省仁怀市欢悦红粱种植有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of watermelon |
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| CN101578947A (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-11-18 | 云南省澂江县经作站 | Method for grafting lateral bud of high-yield cucumber |
| CN101810093A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-08-25 | 吴洪生 | Method and application for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles by secondary grafting |
| CN102550302A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-07-11 | 澂江县经济作物工作站 | Multiple-grafting successive cultivation method |
| CN102845241A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Watermelon grafting method |
| CN102907223A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-06 | 刘中富 | Watermelon grafting high-yield cultivating method |
| CN103782686A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-05-14 | 武汉市农业科学研究所 | Watermelon tissue culture seedling grafting method |
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2014
- 2014-07-02 CN CN201410314276.7A patent/CN104106381A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101578947A (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-11-18 | 云南省澂江县经作站 | Method for grafting lateral bud of high-yield cucumber |
| CN101810093A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-08-25 | 吴洪生 | Method and application for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles by secondary grafting |
| CN102907223A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-06 | 刘中富 | Watermelon grafting high-yield cultivating method |
| CN102550302A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-07-11 | 澂江县经济作物工作站 | Multiple-grafting successive cultivation method |
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| CN103782686A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-05-14 | 武汉市农业科学研究所 | Watermelon tissue culture seedling grafting method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104838757A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-19 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for seed soaking and germination acceleration of cucurbit |
| CN105265192A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-27 | 北京农学院 | High-survival-rate cotton grafting method |
| CN106857004A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-06-20 | 贵州省仁怀市欢悦红粱种植有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of watermelon |
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