CN103766215B - Method for grafting green cucumber - Google Patents
Method for grafting green cucumber Download PDFInfo
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- CN103766215B CN103766215B CN201410075990.5A CN201410075990A CN103766215B CN 103766215 B CN103766215 B CN 103766215B CN 201410075990 A CN201410075990 A CN 201410075990A CN 103766215 B CN103766215 B CN 103766215B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for grafting green cucumber, stock and ingraftment seed are carried out nursery respectively, treat that stock is unearthed the long 5-6cm of plumular axis, cotyledon has open and flat trend, during scion young plant Ye Pingzhan, is removed by rootstock seedling growing point from cotyledon; Below rootstock seedling cotyledon base portion on 0.3cm virgin leaf vertical side hypocotyl simultaneously, sterilization bamboo let vertical transverse is inserted, and 1.5 ~ 2cm place transversely cutting below scion seedling apical point is become monocline face; Extract bamboo let, the monocline face plumular axis cut out by scion seedling rapidly inserts, and to make between stock and scion in vertical state, to complete grafting; The grafting grafted is moved in shed, manages from temperature, humidity, illumination and ventilation four aspects, within about 18 days, get final product field planting.The invention has the advantages that simple to operate, grafting speed is fast; Significantly can reduce the probability that infecting appears in grafting wound location, grafting survival rate improves greatly; Require lower to the seedling age of stock and scion, obtain the grafting seedling cycle short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gourd, fruit and vegetable grafting method, especially relate to a kind of method for grafting green cucumber.
Background technology
Cucumber also claims cucumber, green cucumber, belongs to cucurbitaceous plant, is distributed widely in all over China.Grafting green cucumber technology is the technical measures overcoming continuous cropping obstacle in cucumber production cultivation, improve plant resistance, prevent and treat the disease such as cucumber fusarium axysporum and epidemic disease, obtain high yield.
China's grafting green cucumber technology starts from the eighties in last century, mainly utilize stock well developed root system, to water and mineral absorption ability strong, the advantage of disease-resistant, salt tolerant, drought resisting, low temperature resistant or high temperature and the cucumber variety scion that output is high, quality better, product are of fine quality are combined into new plant, to reach the object of the rich effect of good quality and high output.The application of grafting green cucumber seedling grow on China's cucumber production has had sizable scale, become the effective measures of cucumber Efficient Cultivation, Grafted Cucumber Seedling seedling growth cycle is long simultaneously, single plant yield is high, having anti-continuous cropping, degeneration-resistant environment and excellent disease resistance, is also the needs of modern No-harmful apple orchard.
The grafting method of current cucumber mainly contains following three kinds of methods: 1, inarching method: scion was than stock planting early enough 7 days, stock cotyledon is open and flat, stock and scion band soil is dug out, the true leaf of stock and lobus cardiacus is reamed, then cut obliquely on plumular axis flatly, the degree of depth is the thick half of stem; Cut obliquely by scion plumular axis flatly, mouth is dark is stem thick 3/5, and interface is more than earth's surface; Scion and stock two interface combine and to snarl with gauze or geometrical clamp is fixed, and then this pair seedling are planted in seedbed, lucifuge, heat and moisture preserving, temperature, at 25 ~ 27 DEG C, is noted not watering on wound, see light after one week and following for joint portion cucumber root removed at once, making grafting normal growth.2, tip cutting connection: stock was than scion early sowing about 3 days, scion sowing 6-7 days, after stock cotyledon is completely open and flat, the growing point of stock and true leaf blade are cut, again with the bamboo let identical with scion hypocotyl rugosity, from the base portion of stock side cotyledon to offside oblique cutting 0.3-0.5 ㎝ (the most advanced and sophisticated epidermis not inserting broken stem of bamboo let down, do not insert in pumpkin pulp cavity) yet, scion place blade wedging of 0.8-1.0 centimetre under cotyledon, otch is about 0.5 centimetre, after scion cuts, extract bamboo let immediately, scion is inserted in the hole of stock plumular axis, and make the cotyledon of scion with the cotyledon crisscross of stock, in time grafting is put into canopy moisturizing after grafting, shade.3, cleft graft: stock was than scion early sowing about 4 days, scion sowing is after 7-8 days, the growing point of stock and true leaf blade are cut, with blade from the incision of stock two panels cotyledon central base portion Vertical dimension, otch is about 0.6-1.0 centimetre, scion place blade wedging of 0.8-1.0 centimetre under cotyledon, otch is about 0.5 centimetre, scion is inserted in the otch of stock plumular axis, the cotyledon of scion is clamped with Grafting clip with the cotyledon crisscross of stock simultaneously, in time grafting put into canopy moisturizing after grafting, shade.
Although above-mentioned three kinds of methods are used till today, still there is many defects when grafting: 1, inarching method needs to use the setting tool such as Grafting clip or gauze, troublesome poeration; Grafting part is lower, in grafting procedures, need twice transplanting, survive after need cutting lateral root, transplant after scion likely grow because grafting part is low fibrous root cause grafting failure; Wound is comparatively large, is easily infected by the external world; Require higher to stock and scion ages.2, cleft graft needs to use the setting tool such as Grafting clip or gauze, troublesome poeration; When moisturizing process, the cotyledon globule is assembled easy following current and is entered wound, causes healing position to be healed slowly or disunion; Wound is comparatively large, is easily infected by the external world.3, tip cutting connection is when moisturizing process, and the cotyledon globule is assembled easy following current and entered wound, causes healing position to be healed slowly or disunion; If tip cutting connection was inserted deeply simultaneously, grafting pin can insert stock hollow pulp cavity, and scion has fibrous root at marrow Intracavity, caused false living.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy and simple to handle, method for grafting green cucumber that survival rate is high, grafting is emerged cycle is short.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals:
Method for grafting green cucumber of the present invention, comprises the steps:
The first step, nursery: stock and ingraftment seed are carried out nursery respectively, treats that stock comes up, be unearthed plumular axis length 5-6cm, and cotyledon has open and flat trend, when scion seedling cotyledon is open and flat, can prepare grafting;
Second step, grafting:
1) stock seedling apical point is removed from cotyledon, with bamboo let under the lateral bud place of stock seedling two panels cotyledon base portion is standardized;
2) on 0.3cm virgin leaf vertical side hypocotyl simultaneously, insert by the sterilization bamboo let vertical transverse identical with scion hypocotyl diameter below stock seedling cotyledon base portion, the epidermis of hypocotyl opposite side can not be inserted brokenly in bamboo let tip;
3) using 1.5 ~ 2cm place transversely cutting below scion seedling apical point as stand-by scion, the plumular axis immediately below scion seedling cotyledon cuts out the monocline face at long about 0.3cm, 30 ~ 50 °, angle of inclination;
4) extract the sterilization bamboo let on stock seedling, the monocline face plumular axis cut out by scion seedling rapidly inserts, and to make between stock and scion in vertical state, to complete grafting;
3rd step, managing after grafting:
The grafting grafted is moved in shed, manages from temperature, humidity, illumination and ventilation four aspects, within about 18 days, get final product field planting.
Wherein the concrete steps of first step nursery are: stock and ingraftment seed are stirred with 45 DEG C of warm water respectively and soak 30min, again after soak at room temperature 12h, gauze wraps up, vernalization 48h under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of dark conditions, sow after radicle shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in breeding alms bowl, keep daytime 25 ~ 28 DEG C, night, the temperature of 16 ~ 18 DEG C was to the hypocotyl length that comes up to meeting grafting requirement; Wherein stock seed proposes a few days ago nursery than ingraftment seed.
The concrete grammar of the 3rd step managing after grafting is:
1) temperature: after grafting in 1 ~ 4 day, keeps 25 ~ 30 DEG C in the daytime, keeps 18 ~ 20 DEG C night; After 5 days, day temperature remains on 24 ~ 25 DEG C, still keeps night 18 ~ 20 DEG C of normal management to field planting;
2) humidity: grafting puts into the shed that humidity is greater than 90% in time, and continue moisturizing at foliage spray water smoke;
3) illumination: after grafting in 2 days, grafting whole day all needs to adopt printing opacity overcover to shade dim light, and the 3rd day starts, and between every day is early, evening can increase when seeing light gradually, whole day can see light by the 7th day;
4) ventilate: after grafting, first three day shed is without the need to ventilating, and 4th ~ 5 days start ventilation hardening, and within 8th ~ 9 days, can throw off shed film, normal management is to field planting.
The invention has the advantages that simple to operate, without the need to the aid adopting Grafting clip, gauze etc. extra, grafting speed is fast; The graft position of stock and scion is special, and the globule that can avoid sprays water causes gathers, and considerably reduces the probability that infecting appears in grafting wound location; Because scion does not contact stock hollow pulp cavity completely, can avoid growing fibrous root in grafting procedures, false motility rate reduces, and grafting survival rate improves greatly; The seedling age of grafting method of the present invention to stock and scion requires lower, and not needing to wait until that stock cotyledon is completely open and flat can carry out grafting, and shorten stock seedling age, the cycle therefore obtaining grafting seedling is short.Stock can adopt black seed pumpkin, cucurbit, bottle gourd and some squash hybridization kinds.
Several grafting method Contrast on effect is as follows:
。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the grafting adopting the inventive method grafting.
Fig. 2 is the grafting of grafting after one day.
Fig. 3 is the grafting of grafting after eight days.
Fig. 4 is the growth contrast of grafting grafting and non-grafting after ten days.
Embodiment
Grafting method of the present invention is described in detail below for black seed pumpkin Grafted Cucumber Seedling:
One, nursery:
Black seed pumpkin and cucumber (rich outstanding 106) seed 45 DEG C of warm water are stirred immersion 30min, again after soak at room temperature 12h, gauze wraps up, vernalization 48h under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of dark conditions, sow after radicle shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in breeding alms bowl (generally use polypots, before plantation, soil fills with vola water, and black seed pumpkin will shift to an earlier date sowing in 2 days), keep daytime 27 DEG C, night the temperature of 18 DEG C.After 5 ~ 6 days, pumpkin major part cotyledon is open and flat, and cucumber seedling cotyledon is open and flat, can carry out grafting, not water as grafting is last.
Two, grafting:
1) with bamboo let blade, pumpkin grows point is removed from cotyledon, with bamboo let point under the lateral bud place of pumpkin two panels cotyledon base portion is standardized, in order to avoid grow lateral bud;
2) below squash cotyledons base portion 0.3cm virgin leaf vertical side one side hypocotyl on, insert by sterilization bamboo let (using the alcohol disinfecting of the 75% in advance) vertical transverse identical with cucumber hypocotyl diameter, the degree of depth is slightly less than pumpkin plumular axis diameter, namely the epidermis of pumpkin hypocotyl opposite side stem can not be inserted brokenly in bamboo let tip, and bamboo let wouldn't be extracted;
3) using 1.5 ~ 2cm place plumular axis transversely cutting under cucumber growth point as stand-by scion, left hand take scion, the right hand take blade, cut out the monocline face at long about 0.3cm, 30 ~ 50 °, angle of inclination from the plumular axis immediately below scion cotyledon, scion is disposed;
4) extract the sterilization bamboo let on pumpkin seedling, rapidly scion inserted (the monocline face of cucumber hypocotyl being inserted in the hypocotyl hole of pumpkin seedling), slight force some, make pumpkin seedling and cucumber seedling in vertical state (as shown in Figure 1), complete grafting; In time grafting put into shed moisturizing after grafting, shade.
Three, managing after grafting:
Before grafting, make plastic canopy, the temperature of shed, humidity, illumination and the healing of ventilation to grafting survive has crucial effect.
1) temperature: after grafting in 1 ~ 4 day, keeps 25 ~ 30 DEG C in the daytime, keeps 18 ~ 20 DEG C night; After 5 days, day temperature remains on 24 ~ 25 DEG C, still keeps night 18 ~ 20 DEG C of normal management to field planting;
2) humidity: grafting puts into the shed that humidity is greater than 90% in time, and at foliage spray water smoke, prevent because dehydration causes wilting; If the grafting blade face long period does not have droplet, should in time with clear water spraying, supplement humidity, make seedling can be applicable to relative air humidity in robust growth;
3) illumination: after grafting in 2 days, grafting whole day all needs to adopt printing opacity overcover to shade dim light, avoids seeing high light; 3rd day starts, and between morning every day, evening can increase when seeing light gradually: grafting the 4th day, sooner or later respectively can see light 1 hour, the 5th day, sooner or later respectively can see light 2 hours, grafting the 6th day, sooner or later respectively can see light 3 hours, whole day can see light by the 7th day;
4) ventilate: after grafting, first three day shed is without the need to ventilating, and 4th ~ 5 days start ventilation hardening, within 7th ~ 8 days, except buckle film between hypothermic phase, can throw off shed film, carry out normal management, and after the 9th day, shed is without the need to epiphragma, and normal training orientation to 18 day gets final product field planting.
As can be seen from Figure 2, after grafting 1 day, due to the effect of growth hormone, cucumber cotyledons started upwards to grow;
As can be seen from Figure 3, after grafting 8 days, the rough leaf diameter of cucumber seedling reached 1.5cm;
After grafting, 10 days graftings normally manage, and now the growth rate of grafting is considerably beyond the growth rate of non-grafting, as shown in Figure 4, left side be grafting, right side is non-grafting.
Claims (2)
1. a method for grafting green cucumber, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The first step, nursery: stock and ingraftment seed are carried out nursery respectively, treats that stock comes up, the Embryo stem extension that is unearthed is to 5-6cm, and cotyledon has open and flat trend, when scion seedling cotyledon is open and flat, prepares grafting;
Second step, grafting:
1) stock seedling apical point is removed from cotyledon, with bamboo let under the lateral bud place of stock seedling two panels cotyledon base portion is standardized;
2) on 0.3cm virgin leaf vertical side hypocotyl simultaneously, insert by the sterilization bamboo let vertical transverse identical with scion hypocotyl diameter below stock seedling cotyledon base portion, the epidermis of hypocotyl opposite side can not be inserted brokenly in bamboo let tip;
3) using 1.5 ~ 2cm place transversely cutting below scion seedling apical point as stand-by scion, the plumular axis immediately below scion seedling cotyledon cuts out the monocline face at long about 0.3cm, 30 ~ 50 °, angle of inclination;
4) extract the sterilization bamboo let on stock seedling, the monocline face plumular axis cut out by scion seedling rapidly inserts, and to make between stock and scion in vertical state, to complete grafting;
3rd step, managing after grafting:
The grafting grafted is moved in shed, manages from temperature, humidity, illumination and ventilation four aspects, field planting in about 18 days;
The concrete grammar of management is:
1) temperature: after grafting in 1 ~ 4 day, keeps 25 ~ 30 DEG C in the daytime, keeps 18 ~ 20 DEG C night; After 5 days, day temperature remains on 24 ~ 25 DEG C, still keeps night 18 ~ 20 DEG C of normal management to field planting;
2) humidity: grafting puts into the shed that humidity is greater than 90% in time, and continue moisturizing at foliage spray water smoke;
3) illumination: after grafting in 2 days, grafting whole day all needs to adopt printing opacity overcover to shade dim light, and the 3rd day starts, and between every day is early, evening can increase when seeing light gradually, sees light to the 7th day whole day;
4) ventilate: after grafting, first three day shed is without the need to ventilating, and 4th ~ 5 days start ventilation hardening, and within 8th ~ 9 days, throw off shed film, normal management is to field planting.
2. method for grafting green cucumber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of described first step nursery are: stock and ingraftment seed are stirred with 45 DEG C of warm water respectively and soaks 30min, again after soak at room temperature 12h, gauze wraps up, vernalization 48h under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of dark conditions, sow after radicle shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in breeding alms bowl, keep daytime 25 ~ 28 DEG C, night, the temperature of 16 ~ 18 DEG C was to the hypocotyl length that comes up to meeting grafting requirement; Wherein stock seed proposes a few days ago nursery than ingraftment seed.
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| CN201410075990.5A CN103766215B (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2014-03-04 | Method for grafting green cucumber |
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| CN201410075990.5A CN103766215B (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2014-03-04 | Method for grafting green cucumber |
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| CN103766215B true CN103766215B (en) | 2016-02-10 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105557268A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-11 | 安徽有机良庄农业科技发展有限公司 | Sunlight greenhouse seedling growing method for cucumber |
| CN105993627A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-10-12 | 重庆厚华蔬菜种苗有限公司 | Vegetable-seedling root-breaking-type grafting method |
| CN106258463A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-01-04 | 山东鲁寿种业有限公司 | A kind of high-survival rate seedling management method after plastic tent cucumber grafting |
| CN106818232B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-11-12 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | A kind of method for grafting green cucumber |
| CN107094511B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2019-05-28 | 西南林业大学 | A kind of stem apex gemmule grafting puncture method |
| CN107258339B (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-09-11 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Grafting seedling method for cucumber rootstock zero cotyledon top sleeve |
| CN107896854A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-13 | 霍邱县范圩蔬菜种植专业合作社 | A kind of cucumber seedling-raising method |
| CN108811844A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-16 | 钟山佳欣果蔬有限责任公司 | A kind of method of cucumber seedling grafting cultivation |
| CN111418476B (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2022-04-01 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Seedling culture medium for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wound and application thereof |
| CN111699852A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-25 | 五峰雅禾农业发展有限公司 | Cucumber grafting seedling method |
| CN114766224B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2023-09-15 | 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly propagating cucumber stock material seeds |
| CN116548195B (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-10-20 | 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 | Stock cutting method, device, system, equipment, medium and grafting robot |
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| JP3070138B2 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 2000-07-24 | 井関農機株式会社 | Grafting equipment |
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| CN103109681A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-22 | 丁艳利 | Cucumber grafting method |
| CN102870607A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-16 | 句容市旺华大棚蔬菜专业合作社 | Method for grafting of cucumber on black-seed pumpkin in Yunnan |
| CN103340101A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-10-09 | 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 | Method for screening and authenticating tree stock materials for grafting |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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