CN111418476B - Seedling culture medium for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wound and application thereof - Google Patents
Seedling culture medium for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wound and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111418476B CN111418476B CN202010140328.9A CN202010140328A CN111418476B CN 111418476 B CN111418476 B CN 111418476B CN 202010140328 A CN202010140328 A CN 202010140328A CN 111418476 B CN111418476 B CN 111418476B
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- cucumber
- grafting
- rapid healing
- wounds
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
Abstract
The invention relates to an activator seedling culture matrix for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds and application thereof, wherein the matrix formula is turf: perlite: the vermiculite =6:3:1, is added with 0.5% of brown sugar, 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate and 1% of violet spore bacterium agent (pt 361, the number: CCTCCM 2016681), can be developed into an activator for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds, and has the characteristics of shortening the wounds, preventing diseases, strengthening seedlings and the like compared with the prior different activators. The strain of the invention not only promotes the rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds, but also improves the germination rate of seeds, promotes the growth, shortens the seedling stage of the commodity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a seedling culture substrate for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds and application thereof.
Background
The cucumber is an annual sprawl or climbing herbaceous plant of the cucurbitaceae family, is also called as the cucurbit and the green cucumber, is a vegetable variety which is generally cultivated all over the world, and is also one of the vegetable crops which are important all over the world, have the largest facility cultivation at present and have the highest economic benefit. The seeding area of facility cucumbers in China in 2017 is about 940 ten thousand mu, and the seeding area of perennial cucumbers in Henan province is about 255 ten thousand mu. With the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, the cultivation area of facility vegetables in China is continuously increased, and the production of the facility vegetables is in the development trend of scale, specialization and industrialization. Due to the limitation of the number of cultivated land and climatic conditions and the pursuit of high yield and high efficiency, the planting varieties of facility vegetables are relatively single, the rotation and stubble rotation of the land are difficult to realize, the harmful microorganisms in the soil are continuously accumulated, and the soil-borne diseases are aggravated year by year. Especially cucumber fusarium wilt, root knot nematode disease, root rot disease and other destructive diseases, seriously threaten the production of cucumbers and lose the significance of production.
Grafting is an effective measure for improving the stress resistance of cucumbers and preventing soil-borne diseases and insect pests, and is applied to cucumber production. However, due to lack of systematic research on the control of the grafting stock, the grafting method, the cultivation conditions and the quality, the grafting survival rate is low, and phenomena of death and rotten plants are severe, so that the method can not adapt to the industrialized production needs of the grafted seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seedling culture substrate for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds, and the substrate is used as a biological activator and has good market application prospect.
The invention discloses application of the seedling culture substrate in promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds and preparing a biological activator, and the seedling culture substrate can promote healing of cucumber wounds and change physiology and biochemistry of grafted seedlings.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive and beneficial technical effects:
(1) the seedling substrate can be developed into a functional microorganism seedling substrate for ecological restoration of facility soil and prevention and treatment of cucumber fusarium wilt. Compared with the prior art of eliminating continuous cropping obstacles and preventing and controlling blight, the method has the characteristics of cost saving, high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue, no pollution and difficulty in generating drug resistance.
(2) The seedling substrate disclosed by the invention is simple in formula, easy to operate and easy to prepare.
(3) The matrix has an obvious effect of promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds, and the wounds begin to heal after 3 days of cucumber grafting, and are healed 3-5 days earlier than common wounds.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following examples are given to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. The instruments and devices referred to in the following examples are conventional instruments and devices unless otherwise specified; the related biochemical reagents are conventional commercial products unless specified otherwise; the detection method or the test method is a conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Example 1: determination for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wound by seedling substrate pair
In 2019, 1-4 months, a fast healing test of a cucumber grafting wound induced by lilac violet spore bacteria is carried out in the seedling culture center of modern agricultural research and development base in Henan province. Experiment set 3 treatment: treatment 1, seedling substrate (turf: perlite: vermiculite =6:3:1, 0.5% brown sugar, 0.2% monopotassium phosphate and 1% violet spore fungicide (pt 361, number: CCTCCM 2016681)) is added, turf is purchased from Opera 10mm turf, and perlite and vermiculite are purchased from the market; treatment 2, commercial substrate (luqing substrate); treatment 3, self-prepared matrix ck (turf: perlite: vermiculite =6:3: 1). Each treatment of 15 plug trays (40 plugs/plug tray) was repeated 1 time for 3 times, i.e. each treatment of 45, 1800 grafts. The grafting scion is a Bojie 616 cucumber, and is used for grafting when the cotyledon of a cucumber seedling is unfolded and the plant height is about 3.2 cm; the black-seed pumpkin is selected as the grafting stock, cotyledons are completely unfolded, and the black-seed pumpkin is used for grafting when the plant height is 4 cm. Before grafting, the matrixes used by the rootstock and the scion are control matrixes; after grafting, grafting seedlings are respectively inserted into 3 test treatment matrixes and are completely randomly arranged on a seedling bed for unified management.
The grafting method comprises the following steps: adopts a double-broken-root splicing method. Generally, two cotyledons of the stock are flattened to grow a true leaf, and two cotyledons of the scion are flattened to start grafting. Firstly, obliquely cutting off a growing point and another leaf from one side of a rootstock cotyledon at 75 degrees by using a blade, wherein the length of a cut is 7-10 mm; and cutting off the rootstock from the base of the stem by using a blade, wherein the distance between the cut and the growing point is preferably 5-6cm, and the cut rootstock is kept moist and grafted as soon as possible. The scion cuts the embryonic axis down to the corresponding bevel 5 mm below the cotyledon. The stock is aligned with the section of the scion, is attached together and is fixed tightly by a grafting clamp.
And (4) counting the survival rate of the grafted seedlings on the 10 th day after grafting, wherein the average survival rate of each treatment is more than 89%. 1, processing, wherein the cucumber grafting survival rate is 95.2%; 2, processing, wherein the cucumber grafting survival rate is 91.5%; and 3, treating the cucumber, wherein the grafting survival rate is 89.9%. The grafting survival rate of the treatment 1 and the treatment 2 is respectively improved by 5.9 percent and 1.8 percent compared with the control. This shows that the matrix treatment 1 can effectively improve the application value of the cucumber double-root-cutting grafting technology in industrial seedling culture.
TABLE 1 comparison of the growth amounts of grafted seedlings in each treatment
The effect of double-root-cutting grafting on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings is shown in table 1. As can be seen from table 1, the stem thicknesses of the grafted cucumbers of the treatments 1 and 2 are respectively 30.8% and 15.4% higher than that of the control, the plant heights are respectively 38.2% and 21.4% lower than that of the control, the maximum lateral root lengths are respectively 98.5% and 37.0% higher than that of the control, the fresh weights of the overground parts are respectively 33.4% and 14.4% higher than that of the control, the dry weights of the overground parts are respectively 36.2% and 15.5% higher than that of the control, the fresh weights of the underground parts are respectively 39.2% and 15.2% higher than that of the control, and the dry weights of the underground parts are respectively 49.2% and 19.0% higher than that of the control. Different treatments are carried out, and the overground part dry fresh weight, the underground part dry fresh weight, the stem thickness, the plant height and the maximum lateral root length of the grafted cucumber seedling are different. At the same time after grafting, the stem thickness, the maximum side root length, the dry fresh weight of the overground part, the dry fresh weight of the root system and the maximum side root length of the substrate grafted seedlings treated 1 and treated 2 are all higher than those of the contrast seedling raising substrate grafted seedlings. And (5) treating the substrate 1 15 days after grafting to promote the root growth of the cucumber, thicken the stem of the stock, delay the over-vigorous growth of the stock and effectively control the spindling of the scion.
The root-crown ratio and the strong seedling index are indexes for measuring the robustness of seedlings, wherein the root-crown ratio is mainly used for measuring the coordination between the overground part growth and the underground part growth of the seedlings; the strong seedling index is one of the comprehensive indexes for measuring the quality of seedlings. As can be seen from Table 1, the seedling growth amount was increased in the case of the matrix-grafted seedlings of treatments 1 and 2, and the strong seedling index was improved by 95.6% and 34.9% respectively as compared with the control. The root-crown ratio of the grafted seedlings of the treatment 1 and the treatment 2 is respectively 9.54 percent and 3.06 percent higher than that of the grafted seedlings of the contrast medium, which shows that the seedling culture medium of the treatment 1 effectively promotes the root growth of cucumber and controls the growth of overground parts.
TABLE 2 comparison of POD Activity of grafted seedlings for each treatment
The results of the POD activity detection of the grafted seedling binding part by different treatment substrates are shown in Table 2. With time, the POD activity of each treatment showed a tendency of increasing and decreasing, and the enzyme activity reached a maximum on day 3 of grafting and then gradually decreased. The substrate cucumber graft POD activity of treatment 1 reached a maximum at day 3, followed by a sharp decline, and then tended to plateau, indicating that the wound had tended to heal 5 days after grafting. Whereas treatments 2 and 3 had POD activity below 10 until day 10.
The POD activity of the substrate cucumber grafted seedling treated in the step 1 is 20.0% higher than that of the control on the 3 rd day, the mycelia of the lilac violet spore fungus start to invade the root, and the plant generates related anaphylactic reaction, so that the activity is increased. After the 5 th day, the POD activity of the substrate cucumber seedlings treated by the method 1 is reduced by 42.0 percent and 1.85 percent respectively compared with that of the substrate cucumber seedlings treated by the method 2, which indicates that the purple lilac spore can help plants to absorb nutrients and resist stress and the like.
Claims (3)
1. A seedling culture substrate for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds is prepared from grass peat: perlite: vermiculite =6:3:1, 0.5% brown sugar, 0.2% monopotassium phosphate and 1% violet spore bacterium agent are added.
2. Use of a seedling substrate according to claim 1 for grafting cucumbers.
3. Use of a growth substrate according to claim 1 in the preparation of a medicament for promoting healing of cucumber grafting wounds.
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| CN113233922A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-08-10 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Preparation and application of purple lilac spore fungus biological seedling culture substrate |
| CN114982588B (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2023-09-29 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Shale soil disease-inhibiting matrix and preparation method and application thereof |
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