CN111418476A

CN111418476A - Seedling culture medium for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wound and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111418476A
Application number: CN202010140328.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨凡; 蔡毓新; 马凯; 史宣杰; 米国全; 田保明; 陈绘利
Original assignee: Henan Qingfa Seed Industry Co ltd; INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURE HENAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES; Zhengzhou University
Current assignee: Henan Qingfa Seed Industry Co ltd; INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURE HENAN ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES; Zhengzhou University
Priority date: 2020-03-03
Filing date: 2020-03-03
Publication date: 2020-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-03
Also published as: CN111418476B

Abstract

The invention relates to an activator seedling culture substrate for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds and application thereof, wherein the substrate formula is turf: perlite: the vermiculite is 6:3:1, 0.5% of brown sugar, 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate and 1% of violet spore bacterium agent (pt361, number: CCTCCM2016681) are added, the agent can be developed into an activator for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds, and compared with different activators at present, the agent has the characteristics of shortening the wounds, preventing diseases, strengthening seedlings and the like. The strain of the invention not only promotes the rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds, but also improves the germination rate of seeds, promotes the growth, shortens the seedling stage of the commodity and the like.

Description

Seedling culture medium for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wound and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a seedling culture substrate for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds and application thereof.

Background

The cucumber is an annual sprawl or climbing herbaceous plant of the cucurbitaceae family, is also called as the cucurbit and the green cucumber, is a vegetable variety which is generally cultivated all over the world, and is also one of the vegetable crops which are important all over the world, have the largest facility cultivation at present and have the highest economic benefit. The seeding area of facility cucumbers in China in 2017 is about 940 ten thousand mu, and the seeding area of perennial cucumbers in Henan province is about 255 ten thousand mu. With the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, the cultivation area of facility vegetables in China is continuously increased, and the production of the facility vegetables is in the development trend of scale, specialization and industrialization. Due to the limitation of the number of cultivated land and climatic conditions and the pursuit of high yield and high efficiency, the planting varieties of facility vegetables are relatively single, the rotation and stubble rotation of the land are difficult to realize, the harmful microorganisms in the soil are continuously accumulated, and the soil-borne diseases are aggravated year by year. Especially cucumber fusarium wilt, root knot nematode disease, root rot disease and other destructive diseases, seriously threaten the production of cucumbers and lose the significance of production.

Grafting is an effective measure for improving the stress resistance of cucumbers and preventing soil-borne diseases and insect pests, and is applied to cucumber production. However, due to lack of systematic research on the control of the grafting stock, the grafting method, the cultivation conditions and the quality, the grafting survival rate is low, and phenomena of death and rotten plants are severe, so that the method can not adapt to the industrialized production needs of the grafted seedlings.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a seedling culture substrate for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds, and the substrate is used as a biological activator and has good market application prospect.

The invention discloses application of the seedling culture substrate in promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds and preparing a biological activator, and the seedling culture substrate can promote healing of cucumber wounds and change physiology and biochemistry of grafted seedlings.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive and beneficial technical effects:

(1) the seedling substrate can be developed into a functional microorganism seedling substrate for ecological restoration of facility soil and prevention and treatment of cucumber fusarium wilt. Compared with the prior art of eliminating continuous cropping obstacles and preventing and controlling blight, the method has the characteristics of cost saving, high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue, no pollution and difficulty in generating drug resistance.

(2) The seedling substrate disclosed by the invention is simple in formula, easy to operate and easy to prepare.

(3) The matrix has an obvious effect of promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds, and the wounds begin to heal after 3 days of cucumber grafting, and are healed 3-5 days earlier than common wounds.

Detailed Description

The following examples are given to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. The instruments and devices referred to in the following examples are conventional instruments and devices unless otherwise specified; the related biochemical reagents are conventional commercial products unless specified otherwise; the detection method or the test method is a conventional method unless otherwise specified.

Example 1: determination for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wound by seedling substrate pair

In 2019, 1-4 months, the rapid healing test of the grafting wound of the cucumber induced by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is carried out in the seedling culture center of modern agricultural research and development base in Henan province. Experiment set 3 treatment: treating 1, namely, a seedling culture substrate; treatment 2, commercial substrate (luqing substrate); treatment 3, substrate ck (turfy soil: vermiculite: perlite: 6:1:3, 0.5% brown sugar, 0.2% monopotassium phosphate and 1% violet spore bacteria agent (pt361, accession No.: CCTCCM2016681)) was self-prepared. Each treatment of 15 plug trays (40 plugs/plug tray) was repeated 1 time for 3 times, i.e. each treatment of 45, 1800 grafts. The black-seed pumpkin is used as a stock, cotyledons are completely unfolded, and grafting is carried out when the plant height is 4 cm. The cucumber with the scion is Bojie 616, and can be grafted when the cotyledon of the cucumber seedling is unfolded, and the plant height is about 3.2 cm. The seedling culture substrate is a self-prepared substrate, the grass peat is purchased from 10mm grass peat in Obovata, and the perlite and the vermiculite are purchased from the market. Grass carbon: perlite: vermiculite 6:3: 1. Before grafting, the matrixes used by the rootstock and the scion are control matrixes, and after grafting, grafted seedlings are respectively inserted into 3 test treatment matrixes and are completely randomly arranged on a seedling bed for unified management.

The grafting method comprises the following steps: adopts a double-broken-root splicing method. Generally, two cotyledons of the stock are flattened to grow a true leaf, and two cotyledons of the scion are flattened to start grafting. Firstly, obliquely cutting off a growing point and another leaf from one side of a rootstock cotyledon at 75 degrees by using a blade, wherein the length of a cut is 7-10 mm; and cutting off the rootstock from the base of the stem by using a blade, wherein the distance between the cut and the growing point is preferably 5-6cm, and the cut rootstock is kept moist and grafted as soon as possible. The scion cuts the embryonic axis down to the corresponding bevel 5 mm below the cotyledon. The stock is aligned with the section of the scion, is attached together and is fixed tightly by a grafting clamp.

And (4) counting the survival rate of the grafted seedlings on the 10 th day after grafting, wherein the average survival rate of each treatment is more than 89%. The cucumber grafting survival rate is 95.2 percent in the treatment 1, 91.5 percent in the treatment 2 and 89.9 percent in the contrast medium. The grafting survival rate of the treatment 1 and the treatment 2 is respectively improved by 5.9 percent and 1.8 percent compared with the control. This shows that the matrix treatment 1 can effectively improve the application value of the cucumber double-root-cutting grafting technology in industrial seedling culture.

TABLE 1 comparison of the growth amounts of grafted seedlings in each treatment

The effect of double-root-cutting grafting on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings is shown in table 1. As can be seen from table 1, the stem thicknesses of the grafted cucumbers of the treatments 1 and 2 are respectively 30.8% and 15.4% higher than that of the control, the plant heights are respectively 38.2% and 21.4% lower than that of the control, the maximum lateral root lengths are respectively 98.5% and 37.0% higher than that of the control, the fresh weights of the overground parts are respectively 33.4% and 14.4% higher than that of the control, the dry weights of the overground parts are respectively 36.2% and 15.5% higher than that of the control, the fresh weights of the underground parts are respectively 39.2% and 15.2% higher than that of the control, and the dry weights of the underground parts are respectively 49.2% and 19.0. Different treatments are carried out, and the overground part dry fresh weight, the underground part dry fresh weight, the stem thickness, the plant height and the maximum lateral root length of the grafted cucumber seedling are different. At the same time after grafting, the stem thickness, the maximum side root length, the dry fresh weight of the overground part, the dry fresh weight of the root system and the maximum side root length of the substrate grafted seedlings treated 1 and treated 2 are all higher than those of the contrast seedling raising substrate grafted seedlings. And (5) treating the substrate 1 15 days after grafting to promote the root growth of the cucumber, thicken the stem of the stock, delay the over-vigorous growth of the stock and effectively control the spindling of the scion.

The root-crown ratio and the strong seedling index are indexes for measuring the robustness of seedlings, wherein the root-crown ratio is mainly used for measuring the coordination between the overground part growth and the underground part growth of the seedlings; the strong seedling index is one of the comprehensive indexes for measuring the quality of seedlings. As can be seen from Table 1, the seedling growth amount was increased in the case of the matrix-grafted seedlings of treatments 1 and 2, and the strong seedling index was improved by 95.6% and 34.9% respectively as compared with the control. The root-crown ratio of the grafted seedlings of the treatment 1 and the treatment 2 is respectively 9.54 percent and 3.06 percent higher than that of the grafted seedlings of the contrast medium, which shows that the seedling culture medium of the treatment 1 effectively promotes the root growth of cucumber and controls the growth of overground parts.

TABLE 2 comparison of POD Activity of grafted seedlings for each treatment

The results of the POD activity detection of the grafted seedling binding part by different treatment substrates are shown in Table 2. With time, the POD activity of each treatment showed a tendency of increasing and decreasing, and the enzyme activity reached a maximum on day 3 of grafting and then gradually decreased. The substrate cucumber graft POD activity of treatment 1 reached a maximum at day 3, followed by a sharp decline, and then tended to plateau, indicating that the wound had tended to heal 5 days after grafting. Whereas treatment 2 substrates and controls did not show less than 10 POD activity until day 10.

The POD activity of the substrate cucumber grafted seedling treated in the step 1 is 20.0% higher than that of the control on the 3 rd day, and the situation that the purple rhodosporidium hyphae start to invade roots and the plant generates related anaphylactic reaction can be caused, so that the activity is increased. After 5 days, the POD activity of the substrate cucumber seedlings in the treatment 1 is reduced by 42.0 percent and 1.85 percent respectively compared with that of the substrate cucumber seedlings in the control and the treatment 2, which indicates that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can help plants to absorb nutrients, resist adverse situations and the like.

Claims

1. An activator seedling culture substrate for promoting rapid healing of cucumber grafting wounds is prepared from grass peat: perlite: adding 0.5% of brown sugar, 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate and 1% of violet spore bacterium agent into the vermiculite which is 6:3: 1.

2. Use of a seedling substrate according to claim 1 for grafting cucumbers.

3. Use of a growth substrate according to claim 1 in the preparation of a medicament for promoting healing of cucumber grafting wounds.