CN104756771A - Method for increasing watermelon grafting survival rate - Google Patents
Method for increasing watermelon grafting survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104756771A CN104756771A CN201510197085.1A CN201510197085A CN104756771A CN 104756771 A CN104756771 A CN 104756771A CN 201510197085 A CN201510197085 A CN 201510197085A CN 104756771 A CN104756771 A CN 104756771A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing the watermelon grafting survival rate. According to the method, abscisic acid solution is sprayed to watermelon seedlings and rootstock seedlings before grafting, and small sheds which can preserve heat and humidity and is subjected to bactericide treatment are set up in advance; grafting is conducted through the root-cutting cleft grafting method, and bactericide is sprayed after grafting is completed. The plant stress resistance is improved, the grafting method is efficient, the suitable environment is beneficial to fusion of the watermelon seedlings and the rootstock seedlings, the high survival rate and strong seedlings are guaranteed, seedling recovering is quick after the watermelon seedlings are transplanted, and a basis is laid for achieving high yield and high quality. Test results show that by adopting the method, the grafting survival rate reaches 98.7%, and the repeat deviation is small; compared with conventionally grafted seedlings, the stem diameter, the maximum leaf area, the root cap ratio, the chlorophyll content and the root vigor are increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop-planting field, particularly relate to a kind of method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate.
Background technology
The continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon is day by day serious in the last few years, and especially under Protected Cultivation, soil-borne disease increases the weight of, and has influence on the normal growth of watermelon plant, thus causes output to reduce and quality decline, hinders the development of watermelon industry.Grafting watermelon cultivation overcomes continuous cropping obstacle, prevents and treats the effective technology measure that the diseases such as fusarium wilt occur.But graft seedling growth requires higher to graft technology, environmental condition and control measures, current techniques is also mainly for the improvement of grafting method and control measures, do not relate to and use plant growth regulator to improve resistance and the method reducing transpiration, grafting method is not efficient yet, effect poor repeatability, actual production still exists the incidence of disease is high, survival rate is low and the problem such as grafting growing way is weak.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate, the method being intended to solve existing raising Grafting watermelon survival rate uses inconvenient, and be difficult to utilization and extention, control measures are not in place, easily cause the problem that survival rate is low.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate comprises:
Before step one, grafting, abscisic acid solution is sprayed to watermelon seedling and rootstock seedling;
Step 2, build the Small plastic shed being coated with plastic film and sunshade net in advance, fill with vola water wherein and spray bactericide, airtight canopy film;
Step 3, grafting that morning fill with sufficient moisture to the root of watermelon seedling and rootstock seedling, adopt the method grafting of cleft grafting of being completely cured afternoon, be completely cured below rootstock seedling, the scion seedling tangent plane of riving above and cut is closely sealed, fix in rear insertion matrix with Grafting clip in the Small plastic shed be also put in immediately described in step 2, airtight canopy film;
Step 4, grafting spray microbicide solution in backward Small plastic shed in 1 day.
Further, the abscisic acid concentration sprayed is 2 ~ 5mg/L, and the time of spraying is first 1 day of grafting.
Further, building Small plastic shed is before grafting 1 ~ 2 day, and Shading net covering is on plastic film.
Further, the bactericide adopted in step 2 and step 4 is that 75% tpn wetting powder, 700 times of liquid mix 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder, 3000 times of liquid.
Further, be completely cured cleft grafting time, the hypocotyl at 5 ~ 6cm place under rootstock seedling cotyledon is cut off with blade, then excises the intercotyledonary true leaf of two panels and growing point, and the hypocotyl 0.8 ~ 1.5cm that rives vertically downward along excision position; Get scion seedling, a cutter wedgewise is respectively cut along hypocotyl both sides by 0.5 ~ 1cm place under its cotyledon, and the long 0.8 ~ 1.5cm of tangent plane, is inserted in rootstock opening-cleaving by the scion of cutting rapidly, make tangent plane between anvil fringe closely sealed, after fixing with Grafting clip, stock hypocotyl base portion is inserted matrix 1 ~ 2cm.
Further, stock is if cucurbit, and more Zao than scion 5 ~ 7 days of presoaking and germinating, stock is if pumpkin, and more Zao than scion 0 ~ 2 day of presoaking and germinating, carries out grafting when rootstock seedling grows rough leaf, scion watermelon young plant Ye Zhanping.
Further, seedling medium sprays the 4000 times of liquid sterilizations of the mould clever pulvis of 99% evil, comes up and within latter 3 days, sprays 75% tpn wetting powder, 700 times of liquid.
The present invention is by spraying abscisic acid solution to watermelon seedling and rootstock seedling before grafting, build heat and moisture preserving in advance and with the Small plastic shed of bactericide process, employing is completely cured cleft graft grafting, this method operating technology is simple, easy grasp, and anvil fringe faying face is comparatively large and combine closely to be beneficial to and survive, the method of bactericide is sprayed after grafting, improve plant resistance, the fusion that grafting method is efficient, adapt circumstance is conducive between Zhen Miho, ensure that the acquisition in high-servival rate and strong sprout, after transplanting, slow seedling is fast, lays a good foundation for obtaining high yield and high quality.Result of the test shows, method graft survival rate provided by the invention reaches 98.7%, and between repetition, deviation is little, compared with conventional grafting, adds that stem is thick, maximum leaf area, root/shoot ratio, chlorophyll content and improving activity of root system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the raising Grafting watermelon survival rate that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
For summary of the invention of the present invention, Characteristic can be understood further, hereby exemplify following examples, and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows: the present invention does not exist the innovation of software or method.
Refer to Fig. 1:
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate comprises:
Before S101, grafting, abscisic acid solution is sprayed to watermelon seedling and rootstock seedling;
S102, build the Small plastic shed being coated with plastic film and sunshade net in advance, fill with vola water wherein and spray bactericide, airtight canopy film;
S103, grafting that morning fill with sufficient moisture to the root of watermelon seedling and rootstock seedling, adopt the method grafting of cleft grafting of being completely cured afternoon, be completely cured below rootstock seedling, the scion seedling tangent plane of riving above and cut is closely sealed, fix in rear insertion matrix with Grafting clip in the Small plastic shed be also put in immediately described in step S102, airtight canopy film;
S104, grafting spray microbicide solution in backward Small plastic shed in 1 day.
Further, the abscisic acid concentration sprayed is 2 ~ 5mg/L, and the time of spraying is first 1 day of grafting.
Further, building Small plastic shed is before grafting 1 ~ 2 day, and Shading net covering is on plastic film.
Further, the bactericide adopted in step S102 and step S104 is that 75% tpn wetting powder, 700 times of liquid mix 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder, 3000 times of liquid.
Further, be completely cured cleft grafting time, the hypocotyl at 5 ~ 6cm place under rootstock seedling cotyledon is cut off with blade, then excises the intercotyledonary true leaf of two panels and growing point, and the hypocotyl 0.8 ~ 1.5cm that rives vertically downward along excision position; Get scion seedling, a cutter wedgewise is respectively cut along hypocotyl both sides by 0.5 ~ 1cm place under its cotyledon, and the long 0.8 ~ 1.5cm of tangent plane, is inserted in rootstock opening-cleaving by the scion of cutting rapidly, make tangent plane between anvil fringe closely sealed, after fixing with Grafting clip, stock hypocotyl base portion is inserted matrix 1 ~ 2cm.
Further, stock is if cucurbit, and more Zao than scion 5 ~ 7 days of presoaking and germinating, stock is if pumpkin, and more Zao than scion 0 ~ 2 day of presoaking and germinating, carries out grafting when rootstock seedling grows rough leaf, scion watermelon young plant Ye Zhanping.
Further, seedling medium sprays the 4000 times of liquid sterilizations of the mould clever pulvis of 99% evil, comes up and within latter 3 days, sprays 75% tpn wetting powder, 700 times of liquid.
Embodiment one
(1) Fruit variety: the present embodiment is chosen " No. one, the glad anvil in capital " cucurbit is as graft stock, and " early good (8424) " watermelon is as scion.
(2) preparation of seedling medium: by the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite by volume 2: 1 ratios blend together composite interstitial substance, be then sub-packed in 72 holes dishes.
(3) seed treatment and sowing: the first presoaking and germinating of stock cucurbit seed, after 5 ~ 7 days, scion watermelon seed carries out presoaking and germinating again, method is that seed first uses 1% formalin solution process 30 minutes, by clean water, soak 10 minutes in 55 DEG C of warm water again, continuous stirring, continues seed soaking 6 hours after being down to room temperature, last seed wet gauze is put in vernalization in 30 DEG C of insulating boxs after wrapping.After stock seed and ingraftment seed show money or valuables one carries unintentionally, be successively sowed in 72 hole dishes in booth, after covering matrix, spray 99% and dislike mould clever pulvis 4000 times of liquid.Cover film on the dish of cave, keeps daytime 28 ~ 30 DEG C, night 20 ~ 22 DEG C, reduces day temperature 3 ~ 5 DEG C after being unearthed, to grafting, water 2 nutrient solutions.
(4) abscisic acid process: grafting first 1 day is watermelon seed after planting 5 days, is the abscisic acid solution of 2 ~ 5mg/L at dusk, is sprayed onto blade face and is advisable not drip watermelon seedling and rootstock seedling spraying concentration.
(5) Small plastic shed is built: first 1 day of grafting adopts reinforcing bar skeleton to make the Small plastic shed of width 1 meter, covered with plastic film, covered with sunshade net on a plastic film after temperature of shed improves; In Small plastic shed, fill with vola water and spray 75% tpn wetting powder, 700 times of liquid and mix 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder, 3000 times of liquid, airtight Small plastic shed.
(6) grafting: until rootstock seedling grow rough leaf, watermelon scion seedling cotyledon flatten time carry out grafting.Grafting that morning fills with sufficient moisture to the root of scion seedling and rootstock seedling, starts grafting when afternoon, illumination was more weak.Under rootstock seedling cotyledon, under 5 ~ 6cm place, cutter cuts off hypocotyl, then removes true leaf and the growing point at its top, and the hypocotyl 0.8 ~ 1.5cm that rives vertically downward along excision position; Get scion seedling, under cotyledon, hypocotyl is respectively cut a cutter wedgewise from relative both sides by 0.5 ~ 1cm place, tangent plane length 0.8 ~ 1.5cm, and the tangent plane length of namely riving with stock is identical; Rapidly the scion of cutting is inserted in rootstock opening-cleaving, tangent plane is alignd closely sealed, fix with Grafting clip; The stock hypocotyl place of incision of grafting is inserted matrix 1 ~ 2cm; The grafting obtained put into rapidly and filled with water in advance, sprayed bactericide, heat and moisture preserving shading Small plastic shed, airtight canopy film.
(7) managing after grafting: grafting sprays 75% tpn wetting powder, 700 times of liquid for 1 day and mixes 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder, 3000 times of liquid in backward Small plastic shed.After grafting, first 3 days temperature of shed remain on daytime 25 ~ 28 DEG C, night 18 ~ 22 DEG C, relative moisture more than 95%, whole day shading.3 days visible scattered lights afterwards, progressively throw off sunshade net and reduce humidity, within 8 ~ 10 days, surviving, removing Grafting clip.Proceed to normal management after surviving, remove the sprout tillers that stock top produces, can field planting when seedling to be grafted grows to 3 ~ 4 true leaves.
The grafting utilizing the inventive method and conventional method to cultivate measures relevant form and physical signs and compares, result is see table 1, result of the test shows that method graft survival rate provided by the invention reaches 98.7%, compared with conventional grafting, increase that stem is thick, maximum leaf area, root/shoot ratio, chlorophyll content and improving activity of root system.
Table 1
The present invention is by spraying abscisic acid solution to watermelon seedling and rootstock seedling before grafting, build heat and moisture preserving in advance and with the Small plastic shed of bactericide process, employing is completely cured cleft graft grafting, sprays the method for bactericide, improve plant resistance after grafting, reduce the incidence of disease, grafting method is efficient, and adapt circumstance is conducive to the fusion between Zhen Miho, ensure that the acquisition in high-servival rate and strong sprout, after transplanting, slow seedling is fast, lays a good foundation for obtaining high yield and high quality.
The above is only to preferred embodiment of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, every according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. improve a method for Grafting watermelon survival rate, it is characterized in that, the method for this raising Grafting watermelon survival rate comprises:
Before step one, grafting, abscisic acid solution is sprayed to watermelon seedling and rootstock seedling;
Step 2, build the Small plastic shed being coated with plastic film and sunshade net, fill with vola water and also spray bactericide, airtight canopy film;
Step 3, grafting that morning fill with sufficient moisture to the root of watermelon seedling and rootstock seedling, adopt the method grafting of cleft grafting of being completely cured afternoon, be completely cured below rootstock seedling, rive above closely sealed with the scion seedling tangent plane cut, insert in matrix after fixing with Grafting clip and be also put in immediately in Small plastic shed, airtight canopy film;
Step 4, grafting spray microbicide solution in backward Small plastic shed in 1 day.
2. the method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the abscisic acid concentration sprayed is 2mg/L ~ 5mg/L, and the time of spraying is first 1 day of grafting.
3. the as claimed in claim 1 method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate, is characterized in that, building Small plastic shed is before grafting 1 day ~ 2 days, and Shading net covering is on plastic film.
4. the as claimed in claim 1 method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate, is characterized in that, the bactericide adopted in step 2 and step 4 is that 75% tpn wetting powder, 700 times of liquid mix 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder, 3000 times of liquid.
5. the method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, be completely cured cleft grafting time, the hypocotyl at 5cm ~ 6cm place under rootstock seedling cotyledon is cut off with blade, then the intercotyledonary true leaf of two panels and growing point is excised, and the hypocotyl 0.8cm ~ 1.5cm that rives vertically downward along excision position; Get scion seedling, a cutter wedgewise is respectively cut along hypocotyl both sides by 0.5cm ~ 1cm place under cotyledon, and the long 0.8cm ~ 1.5cm of tangent plane, is inserted in rootstock opening-cleaving by the scion of cutting rapidly, make tangent plane between anvil fringe closely sealed, after fixing with Grafting clip, stock hypocotyl base portion is inserted matrix 1cm ~ 2cm.
6. the method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, stock is cucurbit, more Zao than scion 5 days ~ 7 days of presoaking and germinating, stock is pumpkin, more Zao than scion 0 day ~ 2 days of presoaking and germinating, carries out grafting when rootstock seedling grows rough leaf, scion watermelon young plant Ye Zhanping.
7. the method improving Grafting watermelon survival rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, seedling medium sprays the 4000 times of liquid sterilizations of the mould clever pulvis of 99% evil, comes up and within latter 3 days, sprays 75% tpn wetting powder, 700 times of liquid.
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| CN201510197085.1A CN104756771A (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2015-04-23 | Method for increasing watermelon grafting survival rate |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105875206A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-24 | 无锡市黄土塘西瓜专业合作社 | Watermelon grafted seedling-raising method |
| CN107197698A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-26 | 陈付记 | A kind of root pruning and grafting method for culturing seedlings that watermelon is cultivated for second crop soil |
| CN107371819A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-24 | 界首市民杰种植专业合作社 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings using cucurbit Grafted Watermelon |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105875206A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-24 | 无锡市黄土塘西瓜专业合作社 | Watermelon grafted seedling-raising method |
| CN107197698A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-26 | 陈付记 | A kind of root pruning and grafting method for culturing seedlings that watermelon is cultivated for second crop soil |
| CN107371819A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-24 | 界首市民杰种植专业合作社 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings using cucurbit Grafted Watermelon |
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Application publication date: 20150708 |